MTE 3109 MENGAJAR NOMBOR, PECAHAN, PERPULUHAN DAN PERATUSAN 1 ISL MINGGU 17

PERCENTAGE
Percent expresses a relationship between some number and 100.

Meaning
means per 100

PERCENT Symbol %

Denominator

100

The difference between percent and percentage

PERCENT
names the symbol

PERCENTAGE
amount of tax

means "per hundred"

indicates the amount or quantity of tax and discount

indicates the rate (sales tax, discount)

5 PISMP PEMULIHAN KHAS BC/MT /2011

MTE 3109 MENGAJAR NOMBOR, PECAHAN, PERPULUHAN DAN PERATUSAN 2 ISL MINGGU 17

UNDERSTANDING RATIOS AND PROPORTION

When common fractions are used to indicate ratio, they are interpreted differently than when they represent part of a unit or set of objects.

The numerator of a ratio express the number of objects in one set; denominator tells the number of objects in an entirely different set.

Ratio cannot be added, subtracted, multiplied or divided.

Children experience many settings that can be used to introduce ratios and their notation.

5 PISMP PEMULIHAN KHAS BC/MT /2011

MTE 3109 MENGAJAR NOMBOR, PECAHAN, PERPULUHAN DAN PERATUSAN 3 ISL MINGGU 17

WORKING WITH PERCENT

Being able to find a percent of a number is based on knowledge of and skill in using common and decimal fractions to find parts of wholes and groups.

A calculator is useful for computing increasingly complex problems involving percent.

A number line is also a way to visualize problems involving percent.

The proportional relationship that can be used to solve all percent problems may be represented as follow: part %

=
whole 100

5 PISMP PEMULIHAN KHAS BC/MT /2011

MTE 3109 MENGAJAR NOMBOR, PECAHAN, PERPULUHAN DAN PERATUSAN 4 ISL MINGGU 17

PERCENT
l The term percent means parts per hundred. l A percent is a part-to-whole ratio that has 100 as its second term. 7 per hundred 7 percent 7 : 100 7% l Because percents are part-to-whole ratios, they can also be thought of as fractions with denominators of 100. l Expressed as common or decimal fractions, percents can be treated as number and used in arithmetic computations. l Introductory activities should help children develop visual images and develop a quantitative feel for numbers expressed as percents. a) At the concrete level, y Use base-ten blocks, with the flat representing 100 percent, and place small cubes on the flat to represent various percents.

b) At pictorial level, y Children can shade squares on a 10-by-10 grid to represent various percents.

Fraction and Decimal Equivalents l A rational number can be expressed as a fraction, a decimal, or a percent. Example: 9 % means 9 out of 100

9 % = nine-hundredths = 0.09

5 PISMP PEMULIHAN KHAS BC/MT /2011

MTE 3109 MENGAJAR NOMBOR, PECAHAN, PERPULUHAN DAN PERATUSAN 5 ISL MINGGU 17

Decimals as Percents l Writing a decimal as a percent involves finding an equivalent decimal in hundredths. l Example: Three tenths = thirty-hundredths = thirty percent 0.3 = 0.30 = 30%

Fraction as Percents l Children can be challenged to apply their understanding to find ways of writing a fraction as a percent. l A basic method is to find an equivalent fraction having a denominator of 100. l Example: 2 5
=

40 100
=

40 %

Percents as Fraction l Expressing a percent as a fraction with a denominator of 100 can be done by using the definition of percent. l Example: 67 100
=

67 %

5 PISMP PEMULIHAN KHAS BC/MT /2011