1. Which of the following is not one of the five philosophies?

a. Progressivism b. Existentialism c. Careerism d. Social Reconstructionism

2. The Department of Education gives greater emphasis on the development of basic skills. What is the
philosophical basis for this? a. Essentialism b. Existentialism c. Perennialism d. Pragmatism
3. The philosophy that advocates reality is outside of our minds. a. Essentialism b. Idealism c. Realism d.
Progressivism
4. Teacher Ron emphasizes learning skills in the classroom. He probably subscribes to which philosophy?
a. Perennialism b. Essentialism c. Progressivism d. Social Reconstructionism
5. It is a philosophical movement within the field of education, sometimes termed social
reconstructionism a. Pragmatism b. Progressivism c. Reconstructivism d. Existentialism
6. Which philosophy recommends that students learn from the Great Books? a. Progressivism b.
Existentialism c. Essentialism d. Perennialism
7. You could destroy all the chairs but the concept of chair exists in mind. Which philosophy is it? a.
Idealism b. Realism c. Essentialism d. Existentialism
8. Philosophy of the teacher that emphasizes the need to test the validity of this ideas by acting on them.
If something works it’s true. a. Realism b. Idealism c. Pragmatism d. Progressivism
9. The following learning modalities are examples of what theoretical framework? I. Lecture II. Visual
tools III. Mind maps, charts to facilitate memorization for learning IV. Multiple choice and essay
construction a. Constructivism b. Behaviorism c. Cognitivism d. Connectivism

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10. Which philosophy does the United States school system most resemble? a. Progressivism b.
Perennialism c. Existentialism d. Essentialism
11. In this philosophy, ideas are the only true reality, and truth values are universal. a. Idealism b.
Realism c. Progressivism d. Pragmatism
12. The philosophy that opposed the inclusion of non-academic subjects in the curriculum because they
defeat the primary purpose of the school. a. Perennialism b. Social Reconstructionism c. Existentialism d.
Realism
13. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic distinction under DECS
Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community connection reflected in activities geared towards
society's needs. What philosophy is related to this a. Realism b. Progressivism c. Existentialism d.
Reconstructivism
14. Information is actively processed inside the mind. a. Cognitivism b. Realism c. Existentialism d.
Progressivism
15. Emphasizes the power of reason, logic, to derive true statements about the world. a. Materialism b.
Progressivism c. Idealism d. Rationalism
16. This philosophy places the highest priority on students directing their own learning. Learning is self-
paced and includes a lot of individual contact with the teacher. a. Essentialism b. Existentialism c.
Progressivism d. Social Reconstructionism
17. Teacher Harry asks one of his students, “What do you want to become when you grow up?” This
question is an indication of what kind of philosophy? a. Progressivism b. Naturalism c. Existentialism d.
Idealism
18. Learning is a process of gathering all the relevant pieces of information together. a. Cognitivism b.
Behaviorism c. Existentialism d. Realism
19. LET Reviewer University Admin has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but
also imparted this to her students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy? a. Naturalism b. Idealism
c. Realism d. Perennialism

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20. Choose the answer that best matches this description: “Teacher-centered; core curriculum of
traditional academic topics and traditional American virtues; focuses on essential information or the
development of particular skills.” a. Existentialism b. Progressivism c. Essentialism d. Perennialism
21. Believes that the child should be free to develop naturally. a. Realism b. Idealism c. Progressivism d.
Pragmatism
22. Believe that students should be trained in philosophies, to question, and to participate in dialogues
about the meaning of life. a. Essentialism b. Idealism c. Realism d. Existentialism
23. Activities planned by school club organizations show school-community connection geared towards
society's needs. What philosophy is related to this? a. Realism b. Progressivism c. Existentialism d. Social
Reconstructionism
24. Choose the answer that best matches this description: “Teacher-centered; core curriculum analyzing
enduring ideas found in Great Books; analyzing great work of literature.” a. Progressivism b.
Essentialism c. Existentialism d. Perennialism
25. In his class, LET Reviewer University Admin always presents the principles and values so as to
encourage his students to examine them and decide for themselves whether to accept them or not. What
kind of philosophy does he practice? a. Idealism b. Essentialism c. Humanism d. Existentialism
26. Philosophy that teachers must model democratic principles. a. Social Reconstructionism b.
Pragmatism c. Progressivism d. Existentialism
27. LET Reviewer University Admin views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible
individuals. She plans activities where the pupil can develop his unique personality. What theory
underlies this nature of the pupil? a. Realism b. Essentialism c. Existentialism d. Progressivism
28. Organizes around the concerns, curiosity, and real-world experiences of students. a. Existentialism b.
Social Reconstructionism c. Essentialism d. Progressivism
29. LET Reviewer University Admin teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's
teaching is against the philosophy of? a. Realism b. Hedonism

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c. Epicureanism d. Empiricism
30. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection. Her
understanding of the value of fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past experience. This
typifies what kind of philosophy? a. Constructivism b. Reconstructivism c. Humanism d. Existentialism
31. Physical realm is only an illusion. a. Materialism b. Naturalism c. Idealism d. Rationalism
32. After studying the Principle of Identity, LET Reviewer University Admin asks his students to
determine which among the given set of problems conforms to the said identity. This shows that he
upholds what kind of Philosophy? a. Perennialism b. Progressivism c. Essentialism d. Naturalism
33. Helps children find meaning and direction in their lives. a. Social Reconstructionism b. Perennialism
c. Progressivism d. Existentialism
34. Faith listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with Kyven.
However, her sister learned that the advice she had given was not followed and Faith decided to continue
the relationship. This action of Faith is a manifestation of what kind of philosophy? a. Essentialism b.
Existentialism c. Perennialism d. Humanism
35. After finishing the degree in Education, LET Reviewer University Admin learns that learning never
stops. In fact, he accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of his alma mater. This typifies
what kind of philosophy? a. Constructivism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d. Humanism
36. Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the teachings of the
Catholic Church which foster faith in God? a. Realism b. Pragmatism c. Idealism d. Existentialism
37. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the teaching of good and
beauty consistent with the good and beauty in God. What philosophy supports this? a. Existentialism b.
Idealism c. Progressivism d. Social Reconstructionism
38. Believes that the teacher should have mastery of the knowledge and skills they teach. a. Existentialism
b. Progressivism c. Social Reconstructionism d. Essentialism

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39. Teacher Nancy ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of the
school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich in cultural heritages rather than buying
expensive clothes, jewelry, and latest gadgets. This shows that she is an advocate of what kind of
philosophy? a. Pragmatism b. Perennialism c. Idealism d. Essentialism
40. Philosophy of teachers that deductive and inductive logic and the scientific method are reliable means
to discover knowledge. a. Realism b. Social Reconstructionism c. Idealism d. Existentialism
41. LET Reviewer University Admin is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. He is
indeed an advocate of what kind of philosophy? a. Humanism b. Perennialism c. Realism d.
Existentialism
42. What theory of education believes that education comes from the experience of education? a.
Existentialism b. Progressivism c. Pragmatism d. Essentialism
43. LET Reviewer University Admin is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. His foremost concern is
for students to learn how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that he upholds what kind
of philosophy? a. Naturalism b. Pragmatism c. Progressivism d. Rationalism
44. LET Reviewer University Admin serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency and
effectiveness as a teacher. The mindset of his students towards him is an instance of what kind of
philosophy? a. Realism b. Idealism c. Nationalism d. Constructivism
45. Believe that the test score is the basis for evaluating student progress. a. Existentialism b. Pragmatism
c. Progressivism d. Essentialism
46. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that have meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this? a. Progressivism b. Idealism c.
Realism d. Empiricism
47. The aim of education according to this philosophy is to develop the intellectual capacity of the
students by helping them to appreciate broader enduring ideas and principles. a. Idealism b. Realism c.
Existentialism d. Pragmatism
48. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it is ever changing and so teaches you
the skill to cope with the changes. Which is his governing philosophy?

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a. Experimentalism b. Existentialism c. Idealism d. Realism
49. Principal A shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help students understand
and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for their thoughts,
feelings, and actions." From which philosophy is this thought based? a. Perennialism b. Essentialism c.
Existentialism d. Progressivism
50. What philosophy rejects imaginative idealization in favor of close observation of outward
appearances? a. Idealism b. Realism c. Pragmatism d. Existentialism
51. Teacher Amy class is engaged in problem solving activity which in a way reflects the personal and
social experiences. The purpose of this activity is for the students to acquire the skills that can help them
in solving their own real-life problems. What philosophy can best describe this? a. Realism b. Idealism c.
Progressivism d. Existentialism
52. This philosophy views knowledge as fallible and that the belief we have is subject to doubt. a. Idealism
b. Realism c. Pragmatism d. Existentialism
53. A philosophy that believes in taking risks in education is to achieve their goals. a. Progressivism b.
Idealism c. Pragmatism d. Social Reconstructionism
54. Which philosophy believes reform is the aim of education? a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c.
Progressivism d. Social Reconstructionism
55. In the Social Science class of Teacher John, students identify the various social and economic
problems that require urgent solutions. They are not only discussing the ways to address it but also
agreed to participate in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold? a. Naturalism b.
Constructivism c. Progressivism d. Reconstructivism
56. Philosophy that believes that their role is to sharpen the students’ intellectual power and enhance
their moral qualities. a. Pragmatism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d. Essentialism
57. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and combine the symbols
of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, a curriculum like this contains

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values that are constant and universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum? a. Idealism b.
Perennialism c. Humanism d. Essentialism
58. Philosophy that believes teachers should lead exemplary lives and model to his or her students to
imitate. a. Idealism b. Essentialism c. Realism d. Existentialism
59. Teacher Lenny rates the artwork of her students not just on the merit of its appeal to the senses but
also considers its uniqueness and the responsibility that every student has given in accomplishing the
task. This practice shows how she upholds this kind of philosophy: a. Realism b. Reconstructivism c.
Idealism d. Existentialism
60. Increase of time allotment in English, Math, and Science in the Elementary level under the New
Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS Order No. 1, s. 1993 contributes to the
culture of basic literacy by providing the needed essential skills. The related philosophy is __________. a.
Realism b. Essentialism c. Idealism d. Perennialism
61. Which philosophy focuses on traditional subjects? a. Behaviorism b. Essentialism c. Progressivism d.
Social Reconstructionism
62. Roland exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field based on the various
recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the responsibilities of
raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, and their own families) – giving all their needs and
wants. The fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to himself. This attitude of Roland is
against what kind of philosophy? a. Existentialism b. Constructivism c. Pragmatism d. Humanism
63. Which philosophy focuses on ideas and books that have lasted for centuries? a. Essentialism b.
Existentialism c. Perennialism d. Progressivism
64. Teacher Nancy ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of the
school year, she used all her savings in visiting places rich in cultural heritages rather than buying
expensive clothes, jewelry, and latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter exhibits that she
follows what kind of philosophy? a. Existentialism b. Essentialism c. Behaviorism d. Progressivism
65. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is recommended that the
way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of organized subject matter. Which philosophy is
behind this educational view? a. Naturalism

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b. Idealism c. Realism d. Pragmatism
66. A philosophy that believes people are responsible for their social condition. They have the power to
take control of their lives, improve human conditions. a. Progressivism b. Realism c. Existentialism d.
Social Reconstructionism
67. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the development and education of
the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the education of the
individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco parentis principle. Which
philosophy espouses this view of education? a. Pragmatism b. Naturalism c. Idealism d. Realism
68. Teacher that belongs to the reform movement that opposed traditional education. They were against
Authoritarian teachers, Book- based Instruction. a. Pragmatism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d.
Realism
69. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the positive and negative
phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of life, the inevitability of death, the anguish of
freedom and the consequences of choices and actions. Which philosophy advocates this view in
education? a. Existentialism b. Perennialism c. Essentialism d. Realism
70. This philosophy views reality as always changing and is dependent on what we observe and
experience. Nothing is permanent. a. Idealism b. Realism c. Pragmatism d. Existentialism
71. What school of thought asserts that knowledge and truth are the product of unique systems of social,
historical, or political discourse? a. Existentialism b. Postmodernism c. Progressivism d. Realism
72. Pragmatism is also known as ___________. a. Idealism b. Experimentalism c. Revisionism d.
Experientialism
73. According to this philosophy, the knowledge that one needs to pursue is the knowledge about the
human condition and the personal choices one makes. a. Existentialism b. Idealism c. Realism d.
Essentialism
74. "Knowledge is true if it is workable". What philosophical foundation supports this statement? a.
Idealism b. Realism c. Pragmatism

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d. Essentialism
75. A teacher centered philosophy that adheres the belief that the basic skills of literacy (reading and
writing) as well as subject matter knowledge should be developed in school. a. Progressivism b.
Perennialism c. Essentialism d. Idealism
76. Which philosophy influenced the cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching? a.
Confucianism b. Existentialism c. Taoism d. Zen Buddhism
77. Which philosophy of education influences the singing of the National Anthem in schools? a.
Nationalism b. Naturalism c. Pragmatism d. Socialism
78. Philosophy that emphasizes the subjectivity of human experience. a. Social Reconstructionism b.
Existentialism c. Progressivism d. Idealism
79. Philosophy that believes perfect knowledge of the ideal resided outside human as an Absolute or as
God. a. Realism b. Pragmatism c. Idealism d. Essentialism
80. It is a theory of education that focuses on enduring ideas. a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c.
pragmatism d. progressivism
81. What philosophy is related to the practice of schools acting as laboratories for teaching reforms and
experimentation? a. Essentialism b. Existentialism c. Progressivism d. Social Reconstructionism
82. Your teacher is of the opinion that the word and everything in it are ever changing and so teaches you
the skill to cope with the changes. Which is his governing philosophy? a. Experimentalism b.
Existentialism c. Idealism d. Realism
83. What theory of education focuses on the mastery of the most basic knowledge and skills. a.
Perennialism b. Essentialism c. Progressivism d. Pragmatism
84. What philosophy of education advocates that the curriculum should only include universal and
unchanging truths? a. Essentialism b. Idealism c. Perennialism d. Pragmatism
85. Teacher Marie says: "If it is billiards that brings students out of the classroom, let us bring it into the
classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math". To which philosophy does teacher Marie adhere to?
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a. Essentialism b. Idealism c. Progressivism d. Reconstructionism
86. Which philosophy views schools as tools to solve social problems? a. Essentialism b. Existentialism c.
Progressivism d. Social Reconstructionism
87. Which philosophy believes that subject matter is less important than helping students understand and
appreciate themselves? a. Behaviorism b. Essentialism c. Existentialism d. Progressivism
88. Which philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation because learning
is rooted in the questions that arise through experience? a. Behaviorism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism
d. Social Reconstructionism
89. As a member of the curriculum committee, your chief concern is to give the child freedom to choose
what to learn and believe, as you allow them to set their own identities and standards. What philosophy
will you consider? a. Existentialism b. Realism c. Idealism d. Pragmatism
90. The Philippine Elementary School Curriculum gives greater emphasis on the development of basic
skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic. What is the philosophical basis for this? a. Pragmatism b.
Perennialism c. Essentialism d. Existentialism
91. Which philosophy believes that learning should be self-paced, self-directed, and include a great deal
of individual contact with the teacher? a. Essentialism b. Existentialism c. Progressivism d. Social
reconstructionism
92. Which philosophy promotes a “back-to-basics” approach? a. Behaviorism b. Essentialism c.
Existentialism d. Progressivism
93. Which philosophy focuses on training behavior through rewards and punishments? a. Behaviorism b.
Essentialism c. Perennialism d. Social Reconstructionism
94. Teacher Mary views his students as unique, free-choosing and responsible individuals. All classroom
activities revolve around the said premise. What theory underlies this? a. Essentialism b. Existentialism c.
Progressivism d. Realism
95. Belief that children should learn the traditional basic subjects thoroughly. Focus is on academic
subjects.

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a. Essentialism b. Existentialism c. Perennialism d. Progressivism
96. Belief in teaching students’ ways of thinking that will secure individual freedoms, human rights, and
responsibilities. Goal is to develop rational thought with a focus on "Great Books". a. Essentialism b.
Existentialism c. Perennialism d. Progressivism
97. Scouting and Citizen's Army Training (CAT) give training in character-building, citizenship training,
etc. Which leads to the creation of a new social order and a new society eventually. What philosophy
supports this? a. Existentialism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d. Social reconstructionism
98. Belief that education should focus on the whole child, rather than on the content or teacher. Focuses
on the real-world experiences of students. a. Essentialism b. Existentialism c. Perennialism d.
Progressivism
99. Teacher Valerie demonstrated the technique on how to group students according to their needs and
interests and how to use self-paced instructional materials. Which philosophy is manifested in this
activity? a. Essentialism b. Progressivism c. Realism d. Social Reconstructionism
100. This culture pertains to societies where people are integrated into strong, cohesive ingroups.
Children learn 'how to do it' to participate in society. a. Individualism b. Collectivism c. Nationalism d.
Naturalism
101. Emphasizes the addressing of social questions and a quest to create a better society and worldwide
democracy. Focus on instruction about injustices. a. Existentialism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d.
Reconstructionism
102. Teacher Lina likes to engage students in projects that make a difference in the real-world. One
project had students designing their ideal school. Teacher Lina probably believes in which teaching
philosophy? a. Perennialism b. Social Reconstructionism c. Progressivism d. Essentialism
103. Rejected the idealized, larger-than-life hero of Romantic literature. a. Realism b. Naturalism c.
Romanticism d. Progressivism
104. Attempted to analyze human behavior objectively, as a scientist would. a. Realism b. Naturalism c.
Romanticism

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d. Essentialism
105. Sees poetry as the highest expression of imagination. a. Realism b. Naturalism c. Romanticism d.
Collectivism
106. This type of culture pertains to the loose relationships or ties between individuals. Children learn
'how to learn'. a. Individualism b. Collectivism c. Nationalism d. Naturalism
107. Teacher Gladys, a Christian Living teacher, puts so much significance on values development and
discipline. What could be her educational philosophy? a. Idealism b. Pragmatism c. Progressivism d.
Realism
108. Philosophy that believes that on top of hierarchy are the most important subjects that cultivate
abstract thinking. a. Idealism b. Essentialism c. Progressivism d. Existentialism
109. Avoidance of the exotic, sensational and overly dramatic. a. Realism b. Naturalism c. Romanticism
d. Existentialism
110. Sense of life as a losing battle against an uncaring universe. a. Realism b. Naturalism c.
Romanticism d. Existentialism
111. Religious rituals in the classroom and in the school programs prove the deep natural religiosity of
the Filipinos. Which philosophy has greatly contributed to the tradition? a. Buddhism b. Confucianism c.
Hinduism d. Taoism
112. Philosophy of the teacher that believes in collaborative learning where students share their interests
and problems. a. Pragmatism b. Social Reconstructionism c. Essentialism d. Realism
113. Emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a responsible agent determining their own
development through acts of will. Highest priority on students directing their own learning. a.
Essentialism b. Existentialism c. Perennialism d. Progressivism
114. Mr. Smith, a new teacher, believes that education is a process of development and is life itself;
therefore, experience related to the child's need and interest should be given primary consideration.
What educational philosophy is being exhibited by him? a. Idealism b. Reconstructionism c.
Progressivism

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d. Realism
115. Education purpose is to help children find meaning and direction in their lives, and rejects the
notion that adults should or could direct meaningful learning for children. a. Existentialism b. Social
Reconstructionism c. Progressivism d. Essentialism
116. Which philosophy approves a teacher who lectures most of the time and requires his students to
memorize the rules of grammar? a. Existentialism b. Idealism c. Essentialism d. Realism
117. Students work to remove health hazards in a building housing the poor. This is an example of
________. a. Progressivism b. Existentialism c. Essentialism d. Social Reconstructionism
118. Student centered classrooms; computer simulations, field trips and interactive websites on the
Internet offer realistic learning challenges. a. Progressivism b. Essentialism c. Social Reconstructionism
d. Existentialism
119. Socratic dialogue analyzing a philosophical issue or meaning of a great work of literature. This is an
example of __________. a. Perennialism b. Existentialism c. Essentialism d. Social Reconstructionism
120. Students choose their preferred medium such as poetry or painting and evaluate their own
performance. This is an example of a. Progressivism b. Existentialism c. Essentialism d. Social
Reconstructionism
121. Teacher A’s lessons are intellectually informing and emotionally stirring the class about inequities
that surround them, interest and abilities, this is typical in a _________ school. a. Perennialism b. Social
Reconstructionism c. Progressivism d. Existentialism
122. Students plan a field trip to learn about history, geography, and natural science. This is an example
of _______. a. Progressivism b. Existentialism c. Idealism d. Perennialism
123. Shuns the artificiality of civilization and seeks unspoiled nature a. Realism b. Naturalism c.
Romanticism d. Behaviorism
124. Education is a sorting mechanism, a way to identify and prepare the intellectually gifted for
leadership, while providing vocational training for the rest of society. a. Perennialism b. Essentialism c.
Progressivism

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d. Existentialism
125. Asserts that knowledge cannot be handed from the teacher to the student but must be constructed
by each learner through a constant flow of information. a. Constructivism b. Behaviorism c. Idealism d.
Perennialism
126. Student centered classroom; limited minds or poor could acquire skills to regain control of their
lives and influence the social and economic forces that licked them in poverty. a. Progressivism b.
Essentialism c. Social Reconstructionism d. Existentialism
127. Derived from the belief that free will is an illusion and that human beings are shaped entirely by
their environment. a. Idealism b. Behaviorism c. Existentialism d. Realism
128. Strives to teach students the accumulated knowledge of our civilization through core courses in the
traditional academic disciplines. a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d. Existentialism
129. It is teacher – centered educational philosophy, organized body of knowledge, and a focus on
developing the thinking skills of students. a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d.
Existentialism
130. Professional engineers ran the day-to-day affairs of city governments under guidelines established by
elected city councils. This is an example of _________. a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d.
Existentialism
131. In the 2007 movie Freedom Writers, the teacher was determined to get the students interested by
requiring them to write. Students were allowed to write about anything they wanted and were free to
express themselves in their journals however they pleased. This refers to what philosophy? a.
Behaviorism b. Perennialism c. Social Reconstructionism d. Existentialism
132. An obvious example of this philosophy would be our class such as: I. We are in groups a lot and we
actively learn through discussion II. We talk about how what we read can be incorporated into our
future teaching careers. III. He wanted the students to work on hands-on projects so learning would take
place, rather than memorization. a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d. Existentialism
133. Philosophy that emphasizes the addressing of social questions and a quest to create a better society
and worldwide democracy. a. Naturalism b. Behaviorism c. Perennialism

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d. Social Reconstructionism

134. Lecture, question, and answer are common instructional methods. a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c.
Progressivism d. Existentialism

135. Create ongoing projects. The ongoing project plays an essential role in promoting mastery. These
are example of what philosophy? a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c. Progressivism d. Existentialism
136. Suggests that the focus of education should be the ideas that have lasted for centuries believing the
ideas are as relevant and meaningful today as when they were written. a. Essentialism b. Perennialism c.
Progressivism d. Existentialism
137. They believe the improvement in society results from continuous thoughtful change and the best
change agent is the educational process. Teachers need to focus on critical issues and allow students to
have an active say in education. a. Naturalism b. Pragmatism c. Social Reconstructionism d.
Existentialism
138. Student centered classroom; subject matter takes second place to helping students determine and
appreciate themselves as unique individuals. a. Existentialist b. Behaviorist c. Perennialist d. Essentialist
139. A scientist who studies ecosystems and the interactions between animals to help deepen the
understanding of human connections and relationships a. Naturalist b. Behaviorist c. Progressivist d.
Essentialist
140. ________ want teachers to be social activist. a. Existentialist b. Reconstructionist c. Pragmatist d.
Essentialist

141. Teacher A's lessons are self-paced, self-directed and include a great deal of individual contact with
the teacher, this is typical in a _________ school. a. Existentialist b. Social Reconstructionist c.
Behaviorist d. Essentialist
142. ________ maintain that classrooms should be oriented toward the teacher, who should serve as an
intellectual and moral role model for the students. a. Essentialist b. Perennialist c. Progressivist d.
Existentialist

143. Teacher John has to take core classes and she is able to choose a few electives, this is typical in a
_____ school. a. Behaviorist b. Essentialist c. Existentialist

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d. Progressivist

144. They may view realists as overthinkers and optimists as too detached from immediate concerns. a.
Reconstructionist b. Existentialist c. Pragmatist d. Progressivist

145. A person who knows that she needs to make improvements in her life, who can recognize the
situation and her problems and who makes plans to deal with them. a. Reconstructionist b. Realist c.
Pragmatist d. Idealist

146. _________ educators consider their students to be rational, thinking beings who are capable of
seeking and understanding the truth. a. Realist b. Progressivist c. Perennialist d. Idealist

147. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning", this is a statement from a(n) ________. a.
Constructivist b. Reconstructivist c. Progressivist d. Empiricist

148. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s senses should be trusted because they are the only way to
acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as __________. a. Naturalist b. Realist c. Empiricist d.
Pragmatist

149. Can consider something to be true without needing to confirm that it is universally true. a.
Pragmatist b. Reconstructivist c. Progressivist d. Empiricist

150. You dream of perfection, whether in yourself or other people. a. Realist b. Perennialist c. Idealist d.
Existentialist
151. Teacher Apple’s curriculum is flexible, built around experiences, interest and abilities, this is typical
in a _____ school. a. Moralist b. Essentialist c. Progressivist d. Existentialist

152. Someone who hands out pamphlets about environmental issues a. Activist b. Beahaviorist c.
Progressivist d. Empiricist

153. A teacher who involves the students in discussions of moral dilemmas to understand the implications
of one's actions. Students individually select their objectives and social priorities and then, with guidance
from the teacher, create a plan of action to make the change happen. a. Reconstructionist b.
Environmentalist c. Essentialist

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d. Pragmatist

154. Teacher centered classroom; test scores are relied on to evaluate progress. a. Socialist b. Essentialist
c. Progressivist d. Existentialist

155. Are loyal to the people around them and work hard to keep their promises. a. Essentialist b. Realist
c. Progressivist d. Existentialist

156. Teacher centered classroom; lectures are rare in these schools and great books are the center of
study. a. Perennialist b. Essentialist c. Pragmatist d. Existentialist

157. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school days, longer
academic year and more challenging textbooks? a. Naturalist b. Essentialist c. Progressivist d.
Existentialist

158. Teacher Angel believes that the learner is the product of his environment. Sometimes she has no
choice. She is determined by his environment. a. Rationalist b. Behaviorist c. Existentialist d.
Progressivist

159. Who among the following believes that learning requires disciplined attention, regular homework,
and respect for legitimate authority? a. Essentialist b. Progressivist c. Realist d. Reconstructionist
160. ________ on the other hand, are responsible for designing experiments using observation to either
prove or disprove theories. a. Behaviorist b. Progressivist c. Experimentalist d. Environmentalist