~

~ 4A GRAMMAR can, could, be able to (ability and possession)

C) (;irc~the correct verb. Sometimes both verbs are possible .

I ~'1.Y~.'1.~ f.~~ ~~".''.'~!;?. ..... . . . . . .... . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . .

I love all sports and have always \vanted to'~ able@/ can
play tennis. So, last year, at the age of 45, I decided to learn. I
was really happy when I found a teacher who 2 was able to /
1 could give me lessons and so I started. Unfortunately, after the
fi.rst fevv lessons, I realized that I'd never 3 can / b e able to play
tl1is ga1ne. One of the problems was that I 4couldn' t / wasn't
able to 111ove fast e11ough because I am not very fit. The ocher
problem is that tennis is not an easy sport to learn quickly. I
hated 5not can / not b eing able to hit the ball over the net. It
\Vas really frustrating! Did I learn anything? Yes, I did ... that I'll
never 6be able to / can play tennis!

It's never too late

My 78-year-old grandfather 7 couldn't / wasn't able to even
turn on a computer until about two years ago. All that changed
when he decided that he wanted to 8can / be able to use the
inter11et and he did a course at his local Adult Education Ce11tre.
Altl1ougl1 he really e11joyed the course, he 9couldn't / wasn't
able to put what he learnt in his classes into practice because
he didn't have a computer. So, for his birthday I bought him.
his own laptop and that's \vhen he really started learning!
No\v, he 10 'sable to / can use the internet really vvell a11d se11cl
emails. What he loves most is 11 can / being able to speak and
see his grandchildren on Skype at least once a week. They live
i11 Australia and if he didn't have a computer, he 12 couldn't J
wouldn't be able to keep in couch vvith the1n so 1nuch.

0 Complete the sentences with can/ can't or could / couldn't. If a form of can/ could isn't possible,
complete the sentence with a forn1 of be able to.
1 At the end of the six-\veek course, you'll 7 Miriam hates not play
be able to design your own \\iebsite. chess as well as Luke. He always beats her
2 Masha called me yesterday because she and she's a really bad loser!
_ __ _ _ _ re1ne1nber how to get to 8 Sometimes when you're 011 Skype you
my house. _ __ _ __ hear the otl1er person very
3 Simon isn't going to _ _ _ _ _ _ finish \Veil.
the report by the end of the day. 9 do \vhat you like is the best
4 Pierre has passed his drivi11g test so novv he thing about a holiday.
_ __ _ _ _ drive his father's car. l 0 I'm afraid I \von't go avvay
5 I haven't speak co Harry this \veekend. I'm too busy.
'
for over three weeks. He never ans\vers his 11 You sl1ould do this exercise
phone. vvithout any help. It's quite easy.
6 T he train was delayed so f ______ 12 We park here: there are no
get co the meeting on time. spaces.

activation
G Cover the stories in a . In pairs, tell each other the stories fron1 memory.

English File 3rd edition Teacher's Book Intermediat e Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 2013
48 GRAMMAR modals of obligation: must, have to, should
0 <t;irc~the co rrect verb. Son1etin1es both verbs are possible .

l o, thanks. I{ij!u stn:J>/ 2 You mustn' t / don' t have to 3 Living at h ome is great. I
<Should~ eat any more cake . tell anyone what I've just told mus tn't / don't have to do
I'1n on a diet. you. It's a secret. anything because my n1um
does it all for me!

4 You must / have to get a visa 5 You should / have to do 6 Jerry does n ' t have to/
if you want to go to Cuba. your homework on Saturday mustn' t get up early this
morning. That way you 'll have n1orning. He isn't going to
the rest of the weekend free. work.

7 It's Meg's birthday ton1orro\v. 8 You mustn't / don't have to 9 I think you should / mus t go
l mus tn' t / shouldn't forget touch electrical things wl1en to bed early tonight. You look
to ring her. your 11a11ds are \Vet. It's very really tired.
dangerous.

Complete the sentences with must, mustn't, have

to, or don't have to. Sometimes two answers are
possible.
I
I You have to pa)' for food and drinks
Peaasa pay /or separately.
/ood a-.d dtlH/l
saparatalJy Serviu inclwdul. Tip optional. 2 You drive at more than 70 mph.
- ·- - 3 Service is included so you leave
--- .._
C"!E'~...
........
..-·---·
._.. __
-::--
.._,
-==---- a ttp.
~--
----[]] 4 You _ _ _ _ _ _ wait here before s h o\ving
your passport.
Wait hero before
5 You _ __ _ _ _ pay on Sundays.
shOWing P""Sll0r1

6 You _ _ _ _ _ _ fasten your seatbelt now.

~No suitcases or bags 7 You _ _ _ _ _ _ leave your bags
~to be left unattended unattended.
7
8 You _ _ _ _ _ _ leave your h otel room
before 12 o'clock.

activation
G Cover the sentences in b . Look at the pictures and remen1ber the sentences .

English File 3rd edition Teacher's Book Intermediate Photocopiable ©Oxford Universit y Press 2013
68 GRAMMAR modals of deduction: might I may, can't, must
() Circl0the correct verb.
A Don't look now but isn't t hat Jane Marshall over there?
B Where?
A At that table by the window.
B No, it 'must /~be. She went to live in Chicago.
A But I'm sure it's Jane.
B Mmm, I suppose it 2can't I might be her. But if it is, she looks
much thinner than she used to.
A Well it 1 must I can't be five years since we last saw her.
Someone can change a lot in five years!
B You're right, it is Jane. But who do you think the man is? He
•can't I might not be her husband, can he?
A No, he ' can't I might not be. They broke up years ago and
haven't spoken to each other since.
B It 6 can I may be her new boyfriend - or her son!
A Shall we go over and find out?

G Complete tl1e dialogues 'vVith must, miBht, miBht not, or can't.

1 A That's the second laptop that Jack's bought this year.
B He must have a lot of money then!
A He's a student so he be t hat rich.
B He _ _ _ _ _ _ have generous parents then.

2 A Do you know where Charlie is?

B Well, he be far away. His phone's on the
table.
A Any idea where he _ _ __ _ _ be?
B He _ _ _ __ _ be talking to the boss or he
_ _ _ __ _ be in t he photocopying room. Do you
want me to go and look for him?

3 A I have a missed call and I don't recognize t he number.

B So, it be from anyone you know.
A Ah, I know! It's t hat company who interviewed me last
week. They be ringing to offer me the job.
I'm not surprised: I did a really good interview.
B Well, don't be too confident because they _ _ __ __
be calling to say you didn't get t he job.
A There's only one way to find out!

4 A This steak _ __ _ _ _ be for me. It looks like it's

medium-rare, and I asked for a well-done steak.
B It _ _ _ _ _ _ be mine, then . I ordered a medium-rare
steak.

G Cover the dialogues in b. Look at the pictures and try to remember the dialogues .

English File 3rd edition Teacher's Book Intermediate Photocopiable ©Oxford Universit y Press 2013