11 F5physics2-Ans Midyear Tai
11 F5physics2-Ans Midyear Tai
11 F5physics2-Ans Midyear Tai
Name :
Form 5 (
SMJK CHAN WA, SEREMBAN, NEGERI SEMBILAN 2011 MID YEAR EXAMINATION FORM 5 PHYSICS PAPER 2 Two hours and thirty minutes (You are adviced to spend 90 minutes for Section A, 30 minutes for Section B and 30 minutes for Section C) INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
1. 2. Write down your name and form in the space provided This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in the question paper. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your answers for Section B and Section C on your answer sheets. Show your working, it may help you to get marks. If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated. A list of formulae is provided on page 2. The marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets.
3.
4.
5. 6.
7.
B C
10 11 12
8. 9.
Total
10. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.
The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.
a=
vu t 1 2 at 2
P1 P = 2 T1 T2
v2 = u2 + 2as s = ut +
PV = constant T
n= n=
sin i sin r
real depth apparent depth
20.
1 1 1 ! f u v
Linear magnification, m = P=
1 f
v u
1 Fx 2
21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
m V
Pressure, p =hVg
Heat, Q = m P1V1 = P2 V2
V1 V = 2 T1 T2
Heat, Q = mcU
Pressure, p =
v= fP
P=
ax D
Q = It = VQ
V = IR = V + Ir Power, P = VI g = 10 m s-2
1 A person winds some thread tightly 4 times round the length of a metre rule and cuts the ends off level with the left-hand end of the rule, as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1
(b) Is the actual length of thread slightly greater or slightly less than your answer to (a)? Tick one box and give your reason.
slightly greater
slightly less
There is some string around the end of the rule and the rule has thickness reason ....................................................................................................................... ........................................... ................................................... ............................. ............................................ ...................... ................. [2 marks] 2 (a) Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities. Scalar has magnitude only but vector has magnitude and direction [1 mark] (b) Table 1 lists a number of physical quantities. Put a ( ) in the box next to the quantities that are vectors. Acceleration Density energy Momentum Power velocity Table 1 [1 mark]
Figure 2 Calculate the component of the force that acts (i) horizontally, = 6 cos 300 = 5.2 N (ii) vertically = 6 sin 300 = 3.0 N
[2 marks]
2 (d) Figure 3 shows two strings supporting an object of weight 12 N. The tension in one of the string is 6.0 N. The tension in other string is T N.
Figure 3 (i) Calculate the magnitude of the vertical component of the tension T in order for the object to be in equilibrium.
0 T cos 30 = 12 - 6 sin 30 = 9.0 N (ii) Hence calculate the magnitude of T.
[2 marks]
3 Figure 4 shows a trolley of mass 0.80 kg, on a bench surface, connected to a mass M by a string. The mass M is released and the trolley moves along the surface. Figure 5 shows the variation of velocity v of the trolley with time t for the motion from A to B.
B
1.5
1.0
0.5
A 0 0
0.2
0.4
0.6 Figure 5
0.8
1.0
t/s
(ii) Calculate the resultant force acting on the trolley between A and B. F = 0.8 x 2.25 = 1.8 N [2 marks] (iii) Show that the distance from A to B is 0.72 m. s = area under graph = 0.5 x 0.8 x 1.8 = 0.72 m [2 marks] (b) When the trolley reaches B the mass M has just reached the floor. Ignoring any resistive forces, calculate the time it takes the trolley to travel from B to C. t=
= 1.8 N
4 (a) A garden pot containing soil weighs a total of 360 N. The pot rests on three equally spaced blocks, so that surplus water can drain out of the holes in the base of the pot. The soil is uniformly distributed in the pot. The pot is shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6
(i) What is the force exerted by each block on the pot? F= = 120 N ............... [1 mark] (ii) State the direction of these forces. Vertically upwards ..................................................... ....................................................................................................... [1 mark] (iii) The gardener finds that the blocks sink into the ground, but he must have the pot up on blocks to allow the drainage. What can he do to reduce the sinking of the pot? Use blocks of larger area ................................................................................................................ ........................ ............................................................. ........................................... ............................ ..... [1 mark]
360 3
4 (b) Figure 7.1 and Figure 7.2 show two dams with different shapes.
Figure 7.1 Based on Figure 7.1 and Figure 7.2 (i) Compare the dams in Figure 7.1 and Figure 7.2.
Figure 7.2
The base of dam in Figure 7.2 is broader ......................................................... ................................................ ................................................ ........ . ....................................................................... ............................ ................................................. ............. [1 mark] (ii) Compare the pressure at point A and point B in the lake. The pressure at point A is lower ............................................. .......................... ........................................................................................... [1 mark] (iii) Based on the answer in part (ii), which dam is stronger? Figure 7.2 ...................................... ............................. .............................................................................................. [1 mark] (iv) Explain the reasons for your answer part (iv). The base of dam in Figure 7.2 can withstand stronger pressure ............................................................... .............................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1 mark]
5 (a) In a downhill ski race the total distance between the start and the finish is 1800 m. The total vertical drop is 550 m. The weight of a skier (including his equipments) is 900 N and the time of his descent is 65 s.
(i) Calculate the average speed of the skier for the race. v=
[1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the loss of gravitational potential energy of the skier PE = mgh = 900 x 550 = 495 kJ [2 marks] (b) The average resistive force acting against the skier is 250 N. (i) Calculate the work done against the resistive force. W = Fs = 250 x 1800 = 450 kJ [2 marks] If the skier does no work, (ii) calculate his kinetic energy as he passes the finish, KE = 495 450 = 45 kJ [1 mark] (iii) his speed as he passes the finish KE =
v = 31.62 m s-1
1 x m x v2 = 45 kJ 2
[2 marks]
6 (a) Figure 8 shows a step index optic fiber with a ray of light striking the core/cladding boundary at angle of incidence U.
Figure 8 (i) State the name of the effect shown in Figure 8. Total internal reflection . [1 mark] (ii) State the conditions necessary for the ray in Figure 8 to be completely reflected into the core. 1. Light passes from denser medium to less dense medium //refractive index of core > r.i. of cladding .. 2. The incident angle is greater than critical angle .. [2 marks] (b) The optic fiber is 900 m long and the core of the fiber has a refractive index of 1.48. (i) Calculate the speed of light in the core. v=
(ii) Calculate the minimum time taken for light to travel along the core of the fiber.
t=
900 2.03 x 10 8
= 4.43 x 10-6s
[2 marks] (iii) The ray following the path shown in Figure 8 takes approximately 45 ns longer than the minimum time to travel along the fiber. Estimate, by calculation, the extra distance travelled by this way
Figure 9 (a) Use Figure 9 to determine for this wave source (i) the amplitude 3.8 cm [1 mark] (ii) the displacement when t = 1.80 ms - 3.4 cm [2 marks] (iii) the period 2.64 2.68 ms [1 mark] (iv) the frequency 379 - 373 Hz [1 mark] (b) The speed of the waves produced by this wave source is 3.0 x 102 m s-1. Calculate their wavelength.
P=
v 3.0 x 10 8 ! 380 f
= 0.79 m
[2 marks]
Figure 10
(a) The lamp lights, but the ammeter needle moves the wrong way. What change should be made so that the ammeter works correctly? Interchange the connections to the ammeter [1 mark] (b) What does an ammeter measure? Current [1 mark] (c) In the space below, draw a circuit diagram of the circuit in Figure 10, using correct circuit symbols.
[2 marks] (d) (i) Name the instrument that would be needed to measure the potential difference (p.d.) across the 15 resistor. Voltmeter [1 mark] (ii) Using the correct symbol, add this instrument in your circuit diagram in (c), in a position to measure the p.d. across the 15 resistor. [1 mark] (e) The potential difference across the 15 resistor is 6 V. Calculate the current in the resistor. I=
6 V ! = 0.4 A 15 R
[2 marks]
(f) Without any further calculation, state the value of the current in the lamp. 0.4 A [1 mark]
Section B [ 20 marks ] Answer any one question. 9 Figure 11.1 shows an ice cube melting when heat is absorbed from the surrounding. Figure 11.2 shows a kettle of water boiling when heat is absorbed from the fire.
Figure 11.1
Figure 11.2
(b) Using Figure 11.1 and Figure 11.2, compare the processes that take place in both situations and the type
of heat needed for both processes to occur. Relate the processes with the type of heat needed to deduce a relevant physics concept. Name the physics concept involved. [5 marks]
(c) (i) Your body sweats when you are feeling hot. How does sweating helps to cool down your body?
[ 2 marks ] (ii) Explain why a scald from steam is more serious than the one from boiling water? [2 marks]
(d) Figure 11.3 shows a simple solar waterheating system. Energy from the Sun falls on the solar panel.
Water is pumped around the system so that a store of hot water is made available in the tank.
Figure 11.3
Using suitable physics concepts, explain the required modification needed in designing an efficient solar water-heating system. The modification should include the following aspects: (i) pipes design (ii) material used (iii) heat absorption [10 marks]
10
9 (a) (b)
Answer Heat is the quantity of energy that is transformed from one hot object to a cold object. 1-Figure 11.1 shows a situation where a solid changes into liquid / Figure 11.2 shows a situation where a liquid change into gas 2-Both processes have a change in the state of matter. 3-Both process require heat. 4-The heat absorbed is not to raise the temperature, to overcome the force between the molecule particles during the physical change. 5-Concept involved is Latent Heat 1-Water evaporates from the skin when we sweat. 2-for water to evaporate it use heat from the body 1-Steam condenses to form water so, 2-latent heat of vaporization of steam is let out more steam. Suggestion Explanation Use insulator behind the absorber To prevent the loss of heat energy panel Use an absorber panel which is A black surface is a good absorber of painted black. radiation so it will absorb heat faster The pipe inside the plate must be Metal is a good heat conductor, so it made of metal will transmit heat to water easily Pipe embedded in plate must be Longer pipe will enlarge surface area long will absorbs heat faster A storage tank must be place at a To give higher pressure higher level Use glass cover on the top of the To trap heat energy. (energy is radiated panel in, but cannot radiate out again). Any five suggestions and explanation [ 10 marks ] Total
Mark 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(c)(i)
(ii)
(d) 2 2 2 2 2 20
11
10 (a) Figure 12.1 shows water waves moving towards the shore.
Figure 12.1 (i) Name the wave phenomena in Figure 12.1. [1 mark] (ii) What happens to the waves as it approaches the headland? Give reasons.
Smooth wall
[3 marks]
Eye A
(b)
Cardboard tube A
Cardboard tube B
Stopwatch
Soft wood
Figure 12.2 Situation 1 A student can hear the sound from the stopwatch at its loudest when cardboard tube B is at the position as shown in Figure 12.2
Situation 2 Figure 12.3 shows a man fishing. Eye A can see the mans image on the waters surface.
(i) Name the types of waves in Situation 1 and Situation 2. [2 marks] (ii) Based on Figure 12.2 and 12.3, compare the directions of wave propagation [1 mark] (iii) Based on Figure 12.2 and 12.3, compare the angles of wave propagation and the normal. [1 mark] (iv) Based on Figure 12.2 and 12.3, relate the angles before and after the wave phenomena. [1 mark] (v) State the wave phenomena for Situation 1 and Situation 2. [1 mark] (c) To attract more tourist to the island in Figure 12.4, a contractor wants to build a beach resort. As a consultant you are asked to give suggestions on the proposed project based on the following aspects: (i) The location of the resort (ii) Features to reduce the erosion of the shore (iii) Features to enable children to enjoy swimming in calm water.
12
Cape
Chalet
Figure 12.4
10( a)
(i) (ii)
Refraction of water waves Waves bend Ocean deep , shore shallow Velocity of waves decreases Sound and light waves Changes at the boundary Angles and normal are on the same plane Angle of incidence = angle of reflection reflection Suggestion Build near bay Reason Waves are calmer due to divergence of energy Convergence of waves at the cape The bay is shallower . The speed of waves decreases. The amplitude of waves at the bay is small. Reduce direct impact of the waves on the shore. To reflect the waves from the shore. Protect the area from large waves Waves passing through the gap will be diffracted in the children s area . Smaller amplitude of the diffracted waves causes the sea to be calmer there. Energy of waves decreases.
1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1
(b)
(i)
4 3
Build retaining walls Build concrete structures with a gap in between at designated area for children
3 20
Figure 13
13
As a researcher in a boat manufacturing company, you are assigned to study metal characteristics used to make the boat as in Figure 13. (a) (i) State Archimedes Principle. (b) A wooden cube with sides of 30 cm floats in a tank of water with water. [The density of water = 1000 kg m .] (i) Calculate the buoyant force acting on the block. (ii) What is the density of the cube? [4 marks]
3
(c) You are given four choices of metals P, Q, R and S. The table below shows the characteristics for the four metals.
Metal
P Q R S
Shape
Streamlined Oval Circle Streamlined
Density / kg m 3
900 452 387 500 Table 2
Strength
Low Low High High
Based on Table 2, (i) Explain the suitable characteristics of the metal to be used as the material to make the boat. [8 marks] (ii) Determine the most suitable metal to be used as the material to make the boat and give your reasons. [2 marks]
11 (d) The forms of water transport are purposely designed so that the buoyant force produced is greater. Explain why the captain of a ship should be careful not to overload the ship? [2 marks] (e) Explain why a ship may sink when it sails from sea water to fresh water [3 marks]
11 (a) (i) When an object floats in a liquid, the buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
(ii) W = Vg = 1000 x 2/3 (0.3 x 0.3 x 0.3) x 10 = 180 N m, cube= W/g = 180/10 = 18 kg = m / V = 18 / (0.3 x 0.3 x 0.3) = 666.67 kg m-3
(b)
Characteristic 1.Streamline 3. Density low 5. Specific heat capacity high 7. High strength
Reason 2. reduce the resistance of water 4. higher buoyant force 6. absorbs heat slowly 8. Difficult to damage
14
S, because its streamline, low density, high specific heat capacity and high strength (c) Buoyant force always greater than the load weight, so that the ship will not sink. (d) 1. In the sea, buoyant force > weight of the ship 2. When the ship in the river, density of water< density of sea, so buoyant force decrease 3. The weight of the the ship > the buoyant force, so the ship will sink
12 (a) What is meant by potential difference?
[1 mark] (b) Explain why the bulb connected to two dry cells lights up brighter than one bulb connected to one dry cell. Explain. [4 marks] (c) Table 3 below shows the characteristics of four types of cables that have the same length. You are to choose one of the cables to be used in the National Grid Network. Cable W X Y Z Diameter/ cm 2 4 3 1 Density/ kgm-3 4.50 x 10 3.00 x 10 5.45 x 10
3 3 3
2.50 x 103 Low Medium Table 3 Based on Table 3, explain the suitability of each of the characteristics of the cables. Choose the most suitable cable and justify your choice. [10 marks] (d) A power of 9.5 kW is transmitted from a small wind-powered generator to a village along 6000 m of cables that have a total resistance of 1 . The power is transmitted at the usual mains supply voltage of 240V. Calculate (i) the current in the cables [1 mark] (ii) the power loss due to the heating of the cables [2 marks] (iii) the percentage of loss of power [2 marks] 12. (a)
Potential difference is defined as work done in moving a unit electric charge between two points. The two dry cells are connected in parallel The effective e.m.f. remains the same The effective internal resistance of the two cells is smaller A larger current will flow through the bulb to make it brighter 1. Diameter should be large 2. to reduce the resistance of the cables 3. Density should be low
15
1 1 1 1 1
(b)
(c)
(d) (i)
(ii)
4. the cables will be lighter and can be supported securely 5. The rate of expansion should be low 6. So there is less expansion and less sagging in the cables during hot days. 7. The melting point should be high 8. So the cables does not melting in high temperature. 9. X is suitable 10. Diameter is large, density is low, the rate of expansion is low and the melting point is high. Current = P/V = 9500/240 = 39.58A Power loss , P = I2R = 39.582 x1 = 1566.6 W Percentage of loss of power =
1566.6 x100 9500
10
2 2
(iii)
= 16.49 %
16