MySQL
Functions
MySQL has many built-in functions.
This reference contains string, numeric, date, and some advanced
functions in MySQL.
MySQL String Functions
Function Description
ASCII Returns the ASCII value for the specific character
CHAR_LENGTH Returns the length of a string (in characters)
CHARACTER_LENGTH Returns the length of a string (in characters)
CONCAT Adds two or more expressions together
INSERT Inserts a string within a string at the specified position and
for a certain number of characters
LCASE Converts a string to lower-case
LEFT Extracts a number of characters from a string (starting
from left)
LENGTH Returns the length of a string (in bytes)
LOWER Converts a string to lower-case
LTRIM Removes leading spaces from a string
POSITION Returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring
in a string
REPEAT Repeats a string as many times as specified
REPLACE Replaces all occurrences of a substring within a string,
with a new substring
REVERSE Reverses a string and returns the result
RIGHT Extracts a number of characters from a string (starting
from right)
RTRIM Removes trailing spaces from a string
SPACE Returns a string of the specified number of space
characters
SUBSTR Extracts a substring from a string (starting at any
position)
SUBSTRING Extracts a substring from a string (starting at any
position)
TRIM Removes leading and trailing spaces from a string
UCASE Converts a string to upper-case
UPPER Converts a string to upper-case
MySQL ASCII() Function
Example
Return the ASCII value of the first character in "CustomerName":
SELECT ASCII(CustomerName) AS NumCodeOfFirstChar
FROM Customers;
MySQL CHAR_LENGTH() Function
Example
Return the length of the string:
SELECT CHAR_LENGTH("SQL Tutorial") AS LengthOfString;
MySQL CHARACTER_LENGTH() F
unction
Example
Return the length of the string:
SELECT CHARACTER_LENGTH("SQL Tutorial") AS LengthOfString;
MySQL CONCAT() Function
Example
Add several strings together:
SELECT CONCAT("SQL ", "Tutorial ", "is
", "fun!") AS ConcatenatedString;
MySQL LCASE() Function
Example
Convert the text to lower-case:
SELECT LCASE("SQL Tutorial is FUN!");
MySQL LOWER() Function
Example
Convert the text to lower-case:
SELECT LOWER("SQL Tutorial is FUN!");
MySQL SUBSTR() Function
Example
Extract a substring from a string (start at position 5, extract 3 characters):
SELECT SUBSTR("SQL Tutorial", 5, 3) AS ExtractString;
MySQL SUBSTRING() Function
Example
Extract a substring from a string (start at position 5, extract 3 characters):
SELECT SUBSTRING("SQL Tutorial", 5, 3) AS ExtractString;
MySQL RTRIM() Function
Example
Remove trailing spaces from a string:
SELECT RTRIM("SQL Tutorial ") AS RightTrimmedString;
MySQL LTRIM() Function
Example
Remove leading spaces from a string:
SELECT LTRIM(" SQL Tutorial") AS LeftTrimmedString;
MySQL TRIM() Function
Example
Remove leading and trailing spaces from a string:
SELECT TRIM(' SQL Tutorial ') AS TrimmedString;
MySQL UCASE() Function
Example
Convert the text to upper-case:
SELECT UCASE("SQL Tutorial is FUN!");
MySQL UPPER() Function
Example
Convert the text to upper-case:
SELECT UPPER("SQL Tutorial is FUN!");
MySQL Numeric Functions
MySQL MOD() Function
Example
Return the remainder of 18/4:
SELECT MOD(18, 4);
MySQL POW() Function
Example
Return 4 raised to the second power:
SELECT POW(4, 2);
MySQL POWER() Function
Example
Return 4 raised to the second power:
SELECT POWER(4, 2);
MySQL ROUND() Function
Example
Round the number to 2 decimal places:
SELECT ROUND(135.375, 2);
MySQL SQRT() Function
Example
Return the square root of a number:
SELECT SQRT(64);
MySQL SIGN() Function
Example
Return the sign of a number:
SELECT SIGN(255.5);
MySQL TRUNCATE() Function
Example
Return a number truncated to 2 decimal places:
SELECT TRUNCATE(135.375, 2);
MySQL SUM() Function
Example
Return the sum of the "Quantity" field in the "OrderDetails" table:
SELECT SUM(Quantity) AS TotalItemsOrdered FROM OrderDetails;
MySQL Date Functions
MySQL CURDATE() Function
Example
Return the current date:
SELECT CURDATE();
MySQL CURRENT_DATE() Functi
on
Example
Return the current date:
SELECT CURRENT_DATE();
MySQL CURRENT_TIME() Functi
on
Example
Return current time:
SELECT CURRENT_TIME();
MySQL CURTIME() Function
Example
Return current time:
SELECT CURTIME();
MySQL DATE() Function
Example
Extract the date part:
SELECT DATE("2017-06-15");
MySQL DAY() Function
Example
Return the day of the month for a date:
SELECT DAY("2017-06-15");
MySQL DAYOFMONTH() Function
Example
Return the day of the month for a date:
SELECT DAYOFMONTH("2017-06-15");
MySQL DAYOFYEAR() Function
Example
Return the day of the year for a date:
SELECT DAYOFYEAR("2017-06-15");
MySQL MONTH() Function
Example
Return the month part of a date:
SELECT MONTH("2017-06-15");
MySQL YEAR() Function
Example
Return the year part of a date:
SELECT YEAR("2017-06-15");
MySQL NOW() Function
Example
Return current date and time:
SELECT NOW();