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5.types of Quantitative Research

There are four main types of quantitative research: 1) Descriptive research involves investigating and measuring characteristics of groups to answer questions about measurements. 2) Correlational research studies relationships between variables to verify or disprove systematic relationships. 3) Causal-comparative research compares measurable characteristics of groups to find similarities and differences and determine underlying causes. 4) Experimental research actively manipulates conditions to observe results, though it requires more ethical standards than other types.

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79 views3 pages

5.types of Quantitative Research

There are four main types of quantitative research: 1) Descriptive research involves investigating and measuring characteristics of groups to answer questions about measurements. 2) Correlational research studies relationships between variables to verify or disprove systematic relationships. 3) Causal-comparative research compares measurable characteristics of groups to find similarities and differences and determine underlying causes. 4) Experimental research actively manipulates conditions to observe results, though it requires more ethical standards than other types.

Uploaded by

Kate Angeline De Sagun
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Types of Quantitative Research

Types of Quantitative Research


Quantitative methods can be used for different types of
research including causal research, relational
research, comparative research, and experimental
research. The type of inquiry and the methods used to
analyze data differentiate the varied types of research.
Each is suitable for answering different types of questions
and accomplishing different objectives.
 

1. Descriptive research
 It is generally concerned with investigating, measuring, and
describing one or more aspects or characteristics of one or
more groups, communities, or phenomena.
 It is useful in answering research questions that deal with
measurements, like those that start with "How many...? ",
"How much . . . often . . . ?" "How long . . . ?" and similar
questions.
 The subjects it deals with are complex and require
systematic research and measurement to be answered.
 It is not applicable to questions dealing with subjects that can
easily be answered by a simple search, observation, or
computation.

 Example: A grade school principal, for example, is keen to learn the study
patterns of students at the various levels and areas of education. She might
request homeroom teachers to examine how the students spend their time in
a typical week with their parents. On the basis of the responses, the principal
is able to discover how long students are spending on assignments, tasks,
class evaluations, TV play, video games, Internet browsing, and other
activities in each section and stage. She can then prepare a report and
present it to parents and teachers on the basis of their findings in her school.

2. Correlational research
 It studies the relationship between two or more
characteristics of one or more groups.
 It can verify or disprove a systematic relationship between
two characteristics or variables. A positive
relationship means that high values of one variable
correspond with high values of the other; a negative
relationship means that high values of one variable
correspond with low values in the other.

 Example: A principal of a grade school is interested in knowing how video


games influence students' grades. The principal should conduct a simple
statistical test to assess if there is a significant relationship between the
number of hours spent by students in video games and their quarterly grades
in various subjects. The more hours a pupil spends with computer games, the
higher their grades are; this is considered a positive relationship. On the
contrary, the variables have a negative relationship if the more hours a pupil
spends playing computer games, the lower their grades become.

3. Causal-comparative research
 It compares one or more measurable characteristics of
two or more groups to find the similarities and the
differences between them.
 The result of a comparison can be used to generate insights
into the characteristics of both groups.
 It can also be used to determine the possible underlying
causes of these similarities or differences.

Example: For instance, a principal may want to know why students in two
classes with equal teachers at the same level perform differently at the same
school. One section works well, while the other section does not work well.
Teachers can gather information on socioeconomic background, study habits,
diet, and others. The information can then be compared once the data is
collected to see if systematic differences exist between the two groups. If the
variations between the two sections are known the disparity in academic
performance can be investigated.

4. Experimental research
 Experimental research in social sciences tries to analyze the
methods used in science in social contexts.
 Experimental researchers actively manipulate conditions or
inputs to observe the results. However, experimental
research / such as experiments may cause physical, mental,
psychological, or environmental harm is subject to more
extensive ethical standards.

 Example:  For example, a physical education teacher wants to know whether


exercising in the morning three times a week affects the length of sleep of
pupils gets at night. The teacher invites 100 school pupils from the same
grade to participate: 50 students exercise in the morning for45 minutes, three
times a week. Another 50 students do not exercise for one month. The pupils
are asked to record how many hours they sleep per night. After one month,
the two groups switch. The first group will not exercise and the second group
will do the same exercise. Using data from this experiment, the teacher can
determine if morning exercise leads to longer sleep at night.

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