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Machine Learning: Where To Start?

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9 views

Machine Learning: Where To Start?

m

Uploaded by

Bogdan Chindris
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Machine Learning

❮ PreviousNext ❯
Machine Learning is making the computer learn from studying data and
statistics.

Machine Learning is a step into the direction of artificial intelligence (AI).

Machine Learning is a program that analyses data and learns to predict the
outcome.

Where To Start?
In this tutorial we will go back to mathematics and study statistics, and how
to calculate important numbers based on data sets.

We will also learn how to use various Python modules to get the answers we
need.

And we will learn how to make functions that are able to predict the outcome
based on what we have learned.

Data Set
In the mind of a computer, a data set is any collection of data. It can be
anything from an array to a complete database.

Example of an array:

[99,86,87,88,111,86,103,87,94,78,77,85,86]

Example of a database:

Carname Color Ag

BMW red
Volvo black

VW gray

VW white

Ford white

VW white 1

Tesla red

BMW black

Volvo gray

Ford white 1

Toyota gray 1

VW white

Toyota blue
By looking at the array, we can guess that the average value is probably
around 80 or 90, and we are also able to determine the highest value and
the lowest value, but what else can we do?

And by looking at the database we can see that the most popular color is
white, and the oldest car is 17 years, but what if we could predict if a car had
an AutoPass, just by looking at the other values?

That is what Machine Learning is for! Analyzing data and predicting the
outcome!

In Machine Learning it is common to work with very large data sets. In this
tutorial we will try to make it as easy as possible to understand the different
concepts of machine learning, and we will work with small easy-to-
understand data sets.

Data Types
To analyze data, it is important to know what type of data we are dealing
with.

We can split the data types into three main categories:

 Numerical
 Categorical
 Ordinal

Numerical data are numbers, and can be split into two numerical


categories:

 Discrete Data
- numbers that are limited to integers. Example: The number of cars
passing by.
 Continuous Data
- numbers that are of infinite value. Example: The price of an item, or
the size of an item

Categorical data are values that cannot be measured up against each other.


Example: a color value, or any yes/no values.

Ordinal data are like categorical data, but can be measured up against each
other. Example: school grades where A is better than B and so on.
By knowing the data type of your data source, you will be able to know what
technique to use when analyzing them.

You will learn more about statistics and analyzing data in the next chapters.

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