y Ǿ İIJĮȚȡİȓĮ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ įȚĮIJȘȡİȓ IJȠ įȚțĮȓȦ—Į ȞĮ IJȡȠʌȠʌȠȚȒıİȚ, ʌȡȠıșȑıİȚ Ȓ ĮijĮȚȡȑıİȚ ȠʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİ ʌȜȘȡȠijȠȡȓĮ ʌİȡȚȑȤİIJĮȚ ıIJȠȞ ʌĮȡȩȞIJĮ țĮIJȐȜȠȖȠ İij' ȩıȠȞ

ȠȞ ĮȣIJȩ
țȡȚșİȓ ĮʌĮȡĮȓIJȘIJȠ. ȀȐșİ ȞȑĮ İʌĮȞİțIJȪʌȦıȘ IJȠȣ țĮIJĮȜȩȖȠȣ țĮIJĮȡȖİȓ ĮȣIJȩ—ĮIJĮ țȐșİ ʌȡȠȘȖȠȪ—İȞȠ.
y ȅȚ ijȦIJȠȖȡĮijȓİȢ IJȦȞ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȦȞ İȓȞĮȚ İȞįİȚțIJȚțȑȢ.
y ȅ țĮIJȐȜȠȖȠȢ ĮȣIJȩȢ ȑȤİȚ țĮIJĮȡIJȚıIJİȓ ȖȚĮ ȞĮ ʌĮȡȑȤİȚ —ȩȞȠ ʌȜȘȡȠijȠȡȓİȢ IJȦȞ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȦȞ țĮȚ IJȦȞ İijĮȡ—ȠȖȫȞ IJȠȣȢ țĮȚ įİȞ ĮʌȠIJİȜİȓ ıȣ—ȕȩȜĮȚȠ.
y Ǿ İIJĮȚȡİȓĮ įİȞ ijȑȡİȚ țĮ—ȓĮ İȣșȪȞȘ ȖȚĮ ĮʌȫȜİȚĮ Ȓ ȗȘ—ȓĮ ʌȠȣ —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ ʌȡȠțȜȘșİȓ Įʌȩ țĮțȒ ȤȡȒıȘ IJȦȞ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȦȞ IJȘȢ, Įʌȩ IJȣȤȩȞ IJȡȠʌȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢ ıİ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJĮ IJȘȢ
ʌȠȣ įİȞ ȑȤȠȣȞ ȖȡĮʌIJȐ ıȣ—ijȦȞȘșİȓ, Įʌȩ IJȘ —Ș ıȦıIJȒ İijĮȡ—ȠȖȒ ȠįȘȖȚȫȞ ĮȞĮijȠȡȚțȐ —İ IJĮ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJĮ IJȠȣ țĮIJĮȜȩȖȠȣ IJȘȢ țĮȚ Įʌȩ IJȣȤȩȞ įȚĮijȠȡİIJȚțȒ İijĮȡ—ȠȖȒ Įʌȩ
ĮȣIJȒȞ ȖȚĮ IJȘȞ ȠʌȠȓĮ ʌȡȠȠȡȓȗȠȞIJĮȚ IJĮ ıȣȖțİțȡȚ—ȑȞĮ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJĮ.
y Ǿ İIJĮȚȡİȓĮ įİȞ ijȑȡİȚ țĮ—ȓĮ İȣșȪȞȘ ȖȚĮ IJȣȤȩȞ IJȣʌȠȖȡĮijȚțȐ ȜȐșȘ IJȠȣ țĮIJĮȜȩȖȠȣ.

y ELEMKO reserves the right to modify, add or remove any information included in this catalogue, if necessary. Every updated version of the catalogue automatically
cancels all the previous ones.
y Photographs of the products are indicative.
y This catalogue has been compiled only to provide information of our products and their applications and in any case does not form a contract.
y The company assumes no liability for loss or damage which may be caused by incorrect implementation regarding the use of the products included in this catalogue.
y ELEMKO company assumes no responsibility for any misprints in this catalogue.
īȞȦȡȚ—ȓĮ —İ IJȘȞ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ Meet ELEMKO

ǿȈȉȅȇǿȀȅ HISTORY

ȉȠ 1973 ȒIJĮȞ IJȠ ȟİțȓȞȘ—Į —ȚĮȢ İʌȚIJȣȤȘ—ȑȞȘȢ ʌȠȡİȓĮȢ ʌȠȣ ĮțȠȜȠȪșȘıİ Ș Year of 1973 was the start of a
İIJĮȚȡİȓĮ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ, —İ țȪȡȚȠ ĮȞIJȚțİȓ—İȞȩ IJȘȢ IJĮ: successful route for our company
with main object the:
«ȅȜȠțȜȘȡȦ—ȑȞĮ ȈȣıIJȒ—ĮIJĮ ǹȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ»
ʌȠȣ ĮijȠȡȠȪȞ: Global Solutions of Lightning
• ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ țĮIJĮıțİȣȫȞ Įʌȩ Ȑ—İıȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į Protection Covering:
• ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ ȀȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȊʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ țĮȚ
ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȫȞ ıȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ • Protection of structures and buildings against direct
• ȈȣıIJȒ—ĮIJĮ īİȚȫıİȦȞ lightning strike
• Surge Overvoltage Protection of electrical & electronic systems
Ǿ —ĮțȡȩȤȡȠȞȘ țĮȚ ȣʌİȪșȣȞȘ İȞĮıȤȩȜȘıȒ IJȘȢ —İ IJȠ ĮȞIJȚțİȓ—İȞȠ ʌȡȩıijİȡİ • Earthing Systems
ıIJȘȞ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ IJİȤȞȠȖȞȦıȓĮ, İ—ʌİȚȡȓĮ țĮȚ İȟİȚįȓțİȣıȘ ʌȐȞȦ ıIJĮ șȑ—ĮIJĮ
ĮıijȐȜİȚĮȢ țĮȚ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ĮȞșȡȫʌȦȞ, țĮIJĮıțİȣȫȞ țĮȚ İȖțĮIJĮıIJȐıİȦȞ Over the years, ELEMKO has acquired fundamental know-how,
ȣȥȘȜȫȞ ʌȡȠįȚĮȖȡĮijȫȞ țĮȚ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȦȞ Įʌȩ IJȚȢ țĮIJĮıIJȡȠijȚțȑȢ ıȣȞȑʌİȚİȢ experience and specialisation in the protection of people, structures
IJȠȣ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪ. and equipment with high specifications and demands against the
catastrophic consequences of lightning.
ȉĮ ȚıȤȣȡȐ ĮȣIJȐ ȩʌȜĮ ıİ ıȣȞįȣĮı—ȩ —İ IJȚȢ ȖİȡȑȢ ȠȚțȠȞȠ—ȚțȑȢ ȕȐıİȚȢ ʌȠȣ ȑȤİȚ
Ș ǼȁǼȂȀȅ, IJȘȞ İȣĮȚıșȘıȓĮ țĮȚ İʌȚ—ȠȞȒ IJȘȢ ıİ șȑ—ĮIJĮ ʌȠȚȩIJȘIJĮȢ, IJȠ All the above strong arms are coupled with strong financial
—İȡȐțȚ țĮȚ IJȘȞ ĮȖȐʌȘ IJȦȞ ĮȞșȡȫʌȦȞ ʌȠȣ IJȘ ıIJİȜİȤȫȞȠȣȞ, IJȘ įȚĮȡțȒ fundamental, the sensitivity and insistence on quality, the passion and
İȞȘ—ȑȡȦıȘ ʌȐȞȦ ıİ ȩȜİȢ IJȚȢ İȟİȜȓȟİȚȢ ʌȠȣ ĮijȠȡȠȪȞ IJȠ ĮȞIJȚțİȓ—İȞȩ IJȘȢ, IJȘ love of the people who staffed, the continuous update on all
ıȣȞİȤȒ İʌȚ—ȩȡijȦıȘ IJȠȣ ʌȡȠıȦʌȚțȠȪ IJȘȢ, IJȘ —İIJĮijȠȡȐ IJȦȞ ȖȞȫıİȦȞ țĮȚ developments that concern our matters, the constant training of
İ—ʌİȚȡȚȫȞ IJȘȢ ʌȡȠȢ IJȠȞ IJİȤȞȚțȩ țȩı—Ƞ —ȑıĮ Įʌȩ IJĮ ıİ—ȚȞȐȡȚĮ țĮȚ IJĮ IJİȤȞȚțȐ personnel, the transfer of knowledge and experiences to the world
IJȘȢ ȕȚȕȜȓĮ țĮȚ ʌȐȞȦ Įʌ' ȩȜĮ IJȠȞ İʌĮȖȖİȜ—ĮIJȚı—ȩ țĮȚ IJȠ ıİȕĮı—ȩ —İ IJȠȞ through technical seminars and technical books, leading
ȠʌȠȓȠ ĮȞIJȚ—İIJȦʌȓȗİȚ IJȠȣȢ ʌİȜȐIJİȢ IJȘȢ, IJȘȞ ȑȤȠȣȞ țĮșȚİȡȫıİȚ ȦȢ ȘȖİIJȚțȒ developments and creating lasting relationships of trust.
İIJĮȚȡİȓĮ ıIJȠȞ țȜȐįȠ IJȘȢ, ȠįȘȖȫȞIJĮȢ IJȚȢ İȟİȜȓȟİȚȢ țĮȚ įȘ—ȚȠȣȡȖȫȞIJĮȢ
—ĮțȡȠȤȡȩȞȚİȢ ıȤȑıİȚȢ İ—ʌȚıIJȠıȪȞȘȢ. The company's share capital amounts to 2.930.000€, making
ELEMKO among the most financially powerful companies in
ȉȠ —İIJȠȤȚțȩ țİijȐȜĮȚȠ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ ĮȞȑȡȤİIJĮȚ ıIJĮ 2.930.000 € Europe in our field.
ıȣȖțĮIJĮȜȑȖȠȞIJĮȢ IJȘȞ ȠȚțȠȞȠ—ȚțȐ —İIJĮȟȪ IJȦȞ ʌȚȠ įȣȞĮ—ȚțȫȞ İIJĮȚȡİȚȫȞ IJȘȢ
ǼȣȡȫʌȘȢ ıIJȠ ȤȫȡȠ IJȘȢ. ELEMKO's premises of 3.600 sqm in which houses all the services
and activities are 24.067 sqm private land. Specifically, the company
ȅȚ țIJȚȡȚĮțȑȢ İȖțĮIJĮıIJȐıİȚȢ is headquartered in Metamorphosis, in Attica, while in Thiva is the
IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ 3.600 IJ— ıIJȚȢ "Research Center for tests and Developments" , which is the largest
ȠʌȠȓİȢ ıIJİȖȐȗȠȞIJĮȚ ȩȜİȢ ȠȚ ELEMKO's investment carried out exclusively by Elemko' s funds.
ȣʌȘȡİıȓİȢ țĮȚ įȡĮıIJȘȡȚȩIJȘIJİȢ Research Center for tests and Developments of our company is one of
IJȘȢ ȕȡȓıțȠȞIJĮȚ ıİ 24.067 IJ— the four in all Europe and has been accredited according to standards
ȚįȚȩțIJȘIJȘȢ ȖȘȢ. ȈȣȖțİțȡȚ—ȑȞĮ EN - ISO/ IEC 17025.In Thessaloniki takes place a branch of the
Ș ȑįȡĮ IJȘȢ İIJĮȚȡİȓĮȢ ȕȡȓıțİIJĮȚ company, to serve the needs of our customers in Northern Greece
ıIJȘ ȂİIJĮ—ȩȡijȦıȘ ǹIJIJȚțȒȢ, more directly.
İȞȫ ıIJȘ ĬȒȕĮ ȕȡȓıțİIJĮȚ IJȠ
«ǼȡİȣȞȘIJȚțȩ ȀȑȞIJȡȠ ¨ȠțȚ—ȫȞ
ȀİȡĮȣȞȚțȫȞ ȇİȣ—ȐIJȦȞ țĮȚ GUARANTEE
ȊȥȘȜȫȞ ȉȐıİȦȞ țĮșȫȢ țĮȚ ȆȚıIJȠʌȠȓȘıȘȢ ȈȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ & ¨ȚĮIJȐȟİȦȞ
ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪȢ», ʌȠȣ ĮʌȠIJİȜİȓ IJȘ ıȘ—ĮȞIJȚțȩIJİȡȘ Įʌȩ IJȚȢ ELEMKO's experience for more than 40 years
İʌİȞįȪıİȚȢ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ Ș ȠʌȠȓĮ ȣȜȠʌȠȚȒșȘțİ ĮʌȠțȜİȚıIJȚțȐ țĮȚ —ȩȞȠ Įʌȩ • The scientific and technical knowledge of ELEMKO's staff that
țİijȐȜĮȚĮ IJȘȢ İIJĮȚȡİȓĮȢ. ȉȠ «ǼȡİȣȞȘIJȚțȩ ȀȑȞIJȡȠ ¨ȠțȚ—ȫȞ» IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ have been acquired through continuous training.
İȓȞĮȚ ȑȞĮ Įʌȩ IJĮ IJȑııİȡĮ ıIJȘȞ ǼȣȡȫʌȘ țĮȚ ȑȤİȚ įȚĮʌȚıIJİȣșİȓ ıȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ • The results of the research we carry out at ELEMKO's Testing
IJȚȢ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȚȢ IJȠȣ ȆȡȠIJȪʌȠȣ EN - ISO/ IEC 17025. ȈIJȘ ĬİııĮȜȠȞȓțȘ and Certification Research Center
ȕȡȓıțİIJĮȚ ʌĮȡȐȡIJȘ—Į IJȘȢ İIJĮȚȡİȓĮȢ, ʌȡȠțİȚ—ȑȞȠȣ ȞĮ İȟȣʌȘȡİIJȠȪȞIJĮȚ Ȑ—İıĮ • ELEMKO's long lasting cooperation with university and
ȠȚ ĮȞȐȖțİȢ IJȦȞ ʌİȜĮIJȫȞ IJȘȢ ıIJȘ Ǻ. ǼȜȜȐįĮ. private research centers in Greece, France, Belgium,
Switzerland, the USA and the UK.
ǼīīȊǾȈǾ • The adoption and strict implementation of European and
International Standards on Lightning Protection Components,
• ȉĮ 40 țĮȚ ʌȜȑȠȞ ȤȡȩȞȚĮ İ—ʌİȚȡȓĮȢ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ Surge Protection Devices, Earthing
• Ǿ İʌȚıIJȘ—ȠȞȚțȒ țĮȚ IJİȤȞȚțȒ ȖȞȫıȘ IJȠȣ ʌȡȠıȦʌȚțȠȪ IJȘȢ • The adherence to the procedures of the ISO 9001
ǼȁǼȂȀȅ ʌȠȣ ȑȤİȚ ĮʌȠțIJȘșİȓ —İ įȚĮȡțȒ İțʌĮȓįİȣıȘ • The accreditation of ELEMKO's laboratory according to
• ȉĮ ĮʌȠIJİȜȑı—ĮIJĮ IJȘȢ ȑȡİȣȞĮȢ ʌȠȣ įȚİȟȐȖȠȞIJĮȚ ıIJȠ ǼȡİȣȞȘIJȚțȩ Standard EN-ISO/IEC 17025
ȀȑȞIJȡȠ ¨ȠțȚ—ȫȞ țĮȚ ȆȚıIJȠʌȠȓȘıȘȢ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ
• Ǿ —ĮțȡȩȤȡȠȞȘ ıȣȞİȡȖĮıȓĮ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ —İ ǼȡİȣȞȘIJȚțȐ ȀȑȞIJȡĮ
ȆĮȞİʌȚıIJȘ—ȓȦȞ țĮȚ ǼʌȚȤİȚȡȒıİȦȞ IJȘȢ ǼȜȜȐįĮȢ, īĮȜȜȓĮȢ, ǺİȜȖȓȠȣ,
ǼȜȕİIJȓĮȢ, ǾȆǹ țĮȚ ȂİȖȐȜȘȢ ǺȡİIJĮȞȓĮȢ DESIGNS & STUDIES
ȆĮȡȐȜȜȘȜĮ —İ:
• ȉȘȞ ȣȚȠșȑIJȘıȘ țĮȚ IJȘȞ ʌȚıIJȒ İijĮȡ—ȠȖȒ IJȦȞ ǼȣȡȦʌĮȧțȫȞ țĮȚ ELEMKO designs and studies
¨ȚİșȞȫȞ ȆȡȠIJȪʌȦȞ ʌȠȣ ĮijȠȡȠȪȞ İȟĮȡIJȒ—ĮIJĮ ǹȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ comply strictly with the current Euro-
ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ, įȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ ȀȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ pean and International Standards.
ȊʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ, īİȚȫıİȚȢ Frequently heralded as pioneering,
• ȉȘȞ IJȒȡȘıȘ IJȦȞ įȚĮįȚțĮıȚȫȞ IJȠȣ ȈȣıIJȒ—ĮIJȠȢ ¨ȚĮȤİȓȡȚıȘȢ with a number of them having been
ȆȠȚȩIJȘIJĮȢ ISO 9001 presented at International scientific
• ȉȘ įȚĮʌȓıIJİȣıȘ IJȠȣ ǼȡȖĮıIJȘȡȓȠȣ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ ıȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ conferences, they include:
IJȚȢ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȚȢ IJȠȣ ȆȡȠIJȪʌȠȣ EN - ISO/IEC 17025 • Protection of common and
ĮʌȠIJİȜȠȪȞ İȖȖȪȘıȘ ȖȚĮ IJȘȞ ʌȠȚȩIJȘIJĮ IJȦȞ ʌĮȡĮȖȩ—İȞȦȞ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȦȞ țĮȚ special structures from lightning such as Wind Farms and
ʌĮȡİȤȠ—ȑȞȦȞ ȣʌȘȡİıȚȫȞ IJȘȢ İIJĮȚȡİȓĮȢ. Photovoltaic installations
ȂǼȁǼȉǼȈ • Surge Overvoltage Protection of electrical and electronic systems
• Surge Overvoltage Protection of telecommunications and
Ǿ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ İțʌȠȞİȓ —İȜȑIJİȢ telemetry systems
ĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞIJĮȢ ĮȣıIJȘȡȐ IJȚȢ • Earthing Systems of common and special structures such as Wind
ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȚȢ IJȦȞ IJİȜİȣIJĮȓȦȞ Farms and Photovoltaic installations
ȚıȤȣȩȞIJȦȞ ǼȣȡȦʌĮȧțȫȞ țĮȚ • Earthing Systems of Substations according to Standards IEEE std
¨ȚİșȞȫȞ ȆȡȠIJȪʌȦȞ. ȉȑIJȠȚİȢ 80 and IEEEstd 81
—İȜȑIJİȢ ȑȤȠȣȞ ĮȞĮțȠȚȞȦșİȓ ıİ • Financial / technical studies of interrelated projects
įȚİșȞȒ İʌȚıIJȘ—ȠȞȚțȐ ıȣȞȑįȡȚĮ, • The drawing up of technical specification of offers
ȑ ȤȠ ȣ Ȟ ȤĮ ȡ Į ț IJ Ș ȡ Ț ı IJ İ ȓ Ȧ Ȣ
ʌȡȦIJȠʌȠȡȚĮțȑȢ țĮȚ ȑȤȠȣȞ
İijĮȡ—ȠıIJİȓ ıİ ʌȜȒșȠȢ ȑȡȖȦȞ, țĮȚ ıİ ʌİȡȚʌIJȫıİȚȢ ȩʌȦȢ: TECHNICAL SUPPORT

• ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪȢ țȠȚȞȫȞ țĮȚ İȚįȚțȫȞ țĮIJĮıțİȣȫȞ, ELEMKO’s engineers are always available to help you choose the
ʌȤ ǹȚȠȜȚțȐ țĮȚ ĭȦIJȠȕȠȜIJĮȧțȐ ʌȐȡțĮ. most appropriate technical and financial solution:
• ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ țĮȚ
ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȫȞ ıȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ. • Behind every telephone call you make
• ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ IJȘȜİʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȚĮțȫȞ țĮȚ • At your worksite
IJȘȜİ—İIJȡȚțȫȞ ıȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ. • At your facilities
• ȈȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ ȖİȓȦıȘȢ țȠȚȞȫȞ țĮȚ İȚįȚțȫȞ țĮIJĮıțİȣȫȞ, ʌȤ • In your building
ǹȚȠȜȚțȐ țĮȚ ĭȦIJȠȕȠȜIJĮȧțȐ ʌȐȡțĮ.
• ȈȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ ȖİȓȦıȘȢ ȊʌȠıIJĮș—ȫȞ ıȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJĮ ʌȡȩIJȣʌĮ Everybody is here to help you.
ǿǼǼǼ std 80, ʌȡȩIJȣʌĮ ǿǼǼǼ std 81.
• ȅȚțȠȞȠ—ȠIJİȤȞȚțȫȞ —İȜİIJȫȞ ıȣȞĮijȫȞ ȑȡȖȦȞ.
• ȈȪȞIJĮȟȘȢ IJİȤȞȚțȫȞ ʌȡȠįȚĮȖȡĮijȫȞ ʌȡȠıijȠȡȫȞ. INSPECTION

Ǿ įȚĮıijȐȜȚıȘ IJȘȢ ʌȠȚȩIJȘIJĮȢ IJȦȞ ĮȞȦIJȑȡȦ ȣʌȘȡİıȚȫȞ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ Applied European and
İȟĮıijĮȜȓȗİIJĮȚ —ȑıȦ IJȠȣ ȈȣıIJȒ—ĮIJȠȢ ¨ȚĮȤİȓȡȚıȘȢ ȆȠȚȩIJȘIJĮȢ ISO 9001. International Standards
require the regular
ȉǼȋȃǿȀǾ ȊȆȅȈȉǾȇǿȄǾ inspection of installed
Lightning Protection
ȅȚ ȂȘȤĮȞȚțȠȓ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ İȓȞĮȚ ʌȐȞIJĮ ʌȡȩșȣ—ȠȚ ȞĮ ıĮȢ ȕȠȘșȒıȠȣȞ Systems (internal and
ȞĮ İʌȚȜȑȟİIJİ IJȘȞ țĮIJĮȜȜȘȜȩIJİȡȘ IJİȤȞȚțȒ țĮȚ ȠȚțȠȞȠ—ȚțȒ ȜȪıȘ: external) and Surge
Protection Systems,
• ȆȓıȦ Įʌȩ țȐșİ IJȘȜİijȦȞȚțȒ ȖȡĮ——Ȓ ʌȠȣ țĮȜİȓIJİ. depending on the
• ȈIJȠ ȤȫȡȠ IJȠȣ İȡȖȠIJĮȟȓȠȣ ıĮȢ. required level of protection for the structure, to guarantee their
• ȈIJȚȢ İȖțĮIJĮıIJȐıİȚȢ ıĮȢ. readiness and reliability.
• ȈIJȠ țIJȓȡȚȩ ıĮȢ.
ȀĮȚ ȖİȞȚțȐ ȕȡȓıțȠȞIJĮȚ ȩȜȠȚ İįȫ ȖȚĮ İıȐȢ. The inspection involve checking:
• That the system satisfies applied Standards
ǼȆǿĬǼŸȇǾȈǾ • That the system components are in good condition and adhere to
existing Standards
ȉĮ ȚıȤȪȠȞIJĮ ǼȣȡȦʌĮȧțȐ țĮȚ ¨ȚİșȞȒ ȆȡȩIJȣʌĮ ĮʌĮȚIJȠȪȞ IJȘȞ İʌȚșİȫȡȘıȘ • That any new parts of the building are covered by the existing
IJȦȞ İȖțĮIJİıIJȘ—ȑȞȦȞ ȈȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ ǹȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ, system
(ǼȟȦIJİȡȚțȠȪ – ǼıȦIJİȡȚțȠȪ ȈȣıIJȒ—ĮIJȠȢ), țĮșȫȢ țĮȚ IJȘȢ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ • That surge overvoltage protection equipment is in good condition
ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ ȀȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȊʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ ıİ IJĮțIJȐ ȤȡȠȞȚțȐ įȚĮıIJȒ—ĮIJĮ, • That new machinery which has been installed is protected against
ĮȞȐȜȠȖĮ —İ IJȘȞ ĮʌĮȚIJȠȪ—İȞȘ ıIJȐș—Ș ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ, ȑIJıȚ surge overvoltage
ȫıIJİ ȞĮ İȟĮıijĮȜȓȗİIJĮȚ Ș İIJȠȚ—ȩIJȘIJĮ țĮȚ Ș ĮȟȚȠʌȚıIJȓĮ IJȠȣȢ.
Inspections are carried out by ELEMKO’s highly trained engineers
ȅȚ İʌȚșİȦȡȒıİȚȢ ʌİȡȚȜĮ—ȕȐȞȠȣȞ İȜȑȖȤȠȣȢ İȐȞ: and technicians, who have a complete knowledge of the applied
• ȉȠ ȈȪıIJȘ—Į ȚțĮȞȠʌȠȚİȓ IJĮ IJİȜİȣIJĮȓĮ ȚıȤȪȠȞIJĮ ȆȡȩIJȣʌĮ. Standards for Lightning Protection Systems and many years of
• ȉĮ İȟĮȡIJȒ—ĮIJĮ IJȠȣ ȈȣıIJȒ—ĮIJȠȢ İȣȡȓıțȠȞIJĮȚ ıİ țĮȜȒ țĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ experience in designing and installing them. They use highly accurate
țĮȚ ȚțĮȞȠʌȠȚȠȪȞ IJĮ ȚıȤȪȠȞIJĮ ȆȡȩIJȣʌĮ. measuring instruments and devices that are regularly calibrated at
• ȃȑİȢ ʌȡȠıșȒțİȢ IJȠȣ țIJȚȡȓȠȣ țĮȜȪʌIJȠȞIJĮȚ Įʌȩ IJȠ ȣʌȐȡȤȠȞ special laboratories.
ȈȪıIJȘ—Į.
• ȅȚ įȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ ȕȡȓıțȠȞIJĮȚ
ıİ țĮȜȒ țĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ. PROJECT SUPERVISION
• ȃȑĮ —ȘȤĮȞȒ—ĮIJĮ ʌȠȣ ȑȤȠȣȞ İȖțĮIJĮıIJĮșİȓ ʌȡȠıIJĮIJİȪȠȞIJĮȚ Įʌȩ
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ. Project supervision by ELEMKO means constantly checking that the
ȅȚ İʌȚșİȦȡȒıİȚȢ ʌȡĮȖ—ĮIJȠʌȠȚȠȪȞIJĮȚ Įʌȩ IJȠ ȐȡIJȚĮ İțʌĮȚįİȣ—ȑȞȠ design is properly followed and adhered to, and that the appropriate
ʌȡȠıȦʌȚțȩ IJȘȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ, ȂȘȤĮȞȚțȠȪȢ țĮȚ ȉİȤȞȚțȠȪȢ —İ ʌȜȒȡȘ ȖȞȫıȘ materials and equipment are used as laid down in European and
IJȦȞ ȚıȤȣȩȞIJȦȞ ȆȡȠIJȪʌȦȞ ȖȚĮ ȈȣıIJȒ—ĮIJĮ ǹȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ, International Standards, thus
țĮșȫȢ țĮȚ —ĮțȡȠȤȡȩȞȚĮ İ—ʌİȚȡȓĮ ıȤİįȚĮı—ȠȪ țĮȚ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȒȢ IJȠȣȢ. ensuring the reliability of the
ȅ ȤȡȘıȚ—ȠʌȠȚȠȪ—İȞȠȢ İȟȠʌȜȚı—ȩȢ ĮʌȠIJİȜİȓIJĮȚ Įʌȩ ȩȡȖĮȞĮ țĮȚ Lightning Protection System,
ıȣıțİȣȑȢ —ȑIJȡȘıȘȢ ȣȥȘȜȒȢ ĮțȡȚȕİȓĮȢ, IJĮ ȠʌȠȓĮ ȕĮș—ȠȞȠ—ȠȪȞIJĮȚ the Surge Protection System
IJĮțIJȚțȐ ıİ İȚįȚțȐ İȡȖĮıIJȒȡȚĮ įȚĮțȡȓȕȦıȘȢ. and the Earthing Systems.
Project supervision by our
ǼȆǿǺȁǼȌǾ & ȆȇǹīȂǹȉȅīȃŸȂȅȈȊȃǾ ǼȇīŸȃ company guarantees quality,
reliability and durability.
Ǿ İʌȓȕȜİȥȘ ȑȡȖȦȞ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ ıȘ—ĮȓȞİȚ ıȣȞİȤȒ ȑȜİȖȤȠ ȖȚĮ ʌȚıIJȒ
İijĮȡ—ȠȖȒ - IJȒȡȘıȘ IJȘȢ —İȜȑIJȘȢ țĮȚ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮȜȜȘȜȩIJȘIJĮȢ IJȦȞ
ȤȡȘıȚ—ȠʌȠȚȠȪ—İȞȦȞ ȣȜȚțȫȞ țĮȚ įȚĮIJȐȟİȦȞ ȩʌȦȢ ĮȣIJȐ ȠȡȓȗȠȞIJĮȚ Įʌȩ IJĮ
ǼȣȡȦʌĮȧțȐ țĮȚ ¨ȚİșȞȒ ȆȡȩIJȣʌĮ, İȟĮıijĮȜȓȗȠȞIJĮȢ ȑIJıȚ IJȘȞ ĮȟȚȠʌȚıIJȓĮ
IJȠȣ İȖțĮșȚıIJȐ—İȞȠȣ ȈȣıIJȒ—ĮIJȠȢ ǹȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ,
ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ ȀȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȊʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ țĮȚ ȈȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ īİȚȫıİȦȞ.
Ǿ İʌȓȕȜİȥȘ ȑȡȖȦȞ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ ȑȡȤİIJĮȚ ȞĮ ıijȡĮȖȓıİȚ IJȘȞ
ʌȠȚȩIJȘIJĮ , IJȘȞ ĮȟȚȠʌȚıIJȓĮ țĮȚ IJȘ —ĮțȡȠȗȦȓĮ IJȠȣȢ.
A ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES

ǼȚıĮȖȦȖȒ Introduction

ȈIJȩȤȠȢ IJȠȣ ʌĮȡȩȞIJȠȢ țĮIJĮȜȩȖȠȣ İȓȞĮȚ ȞĮ țĮIJĮıIJİȓ ȑȞĮ ȤȡȒıȚ—Ƞ İȡ- The target of the present catalogue is to become a useful tool for every
ȖĮȜİȓȠ ȖȚĮ țȐșİ —İȜİIJȘIJȒ, İȖțĮIJĮıIJȐIJȘ țĮȚ İʌȚȕȜȑʌȠȞIJĮ ȑȡȖȠȣ ȖȚĮ IJȘ designer, installer and project supervisor in order to select, install and
ıȦıIJȒ, ĮıijĮȜȒ İʌȚȜȠȖȒ ĮȜȜȐ țĮȚ İijĮȡ—ȠȖȒ ȣȜȚțȫȞ țĮȚ įȚĮIJȐȟİȦȞ use the appropriate product to provide maximum safety and protection
ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ. against surge overvoltages.

ȅ ʌĮȡȩȞ țĮIJȐȜȠȖȠȢ ĮʌĮȡIJȓȗİIJĮȚ Įʌȩ IJȑııİȡĮ —ȑȡȘ, ĮȞĮȜȣIJȚțȐ IJȠ The present catalogue is divided into four main parts, in more detail
țȐșİ —ȑȡȠȢ ʌİȡȚȑȤİȚ: each part contain:

ȂȑȡȠȢ A: ǹʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȫȞ Part A: Surge protective devices SPDs connected to power systems
įȚțIJȪȦȞ Medium voltage surge arresters, industrial type SPDs, low voltage
ǹʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ —ȑıȘȢ IJȐıȘȢ, ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ȕȚȠ—ȘȤĮȞȚțȠȪ IJȪʌȠȣ, ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ SPDs, DC surge protectors
ȤĮ—ȘȜȒȢ IJȐıȘȢ țĮȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ıȣȞİȤȠȪȢ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ
Part B: Surge protective devices SPDs connected to information
ȂȑȡȠȢ B: ǹʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ ıȣıIJȘ—ȐIJȦȞ technology systems
İʌİȟİȡȖĮıȓĮȢ ʌȜȘȡȠijȠȡȚȫȞ SPDs for analogue and digital systems, SPDs for telecommunication
ǹʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ĮȞĮȜȠȖȚțȫȞ țĮȚ ȥȘijȚĮțȫȞ ıȘ—ȐIJȦȞ, ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ IJȘȜİijȦ- systems, SPDs for RF applications, SPDs for combined protection
ȞȚțȫȞ ıȘ—ȐIJȦȞ, ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ȣȥȘȜȫȞ ȡĮįȚȠıȣȤȞȠIJȒIJȦȞ țĮȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ
ıȣȞįȣĮıIJȚțȒȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Part C: Equipotential bonding and Isolation Spark Gaps ISGs
Direct equipotential bonding, equipotential bonding through isolation
ȂȑȡȠȢ ī: ǿıȠįȣȞĮ—ȚțȑȢ ıȣȞįȑıİȚȢ țĮȚ ıʌȚȞșȘȡȚıIJȑȢ ĮʌȠ—ȩȞȦıȘȢ spark gaps, explosion proof isolation spark gaps, SPDs inspection
DZ—İıİȢ ȚıȠįȣȞĮ—ȚțȑȢ ıȣȞįȑıİȚȢ, ıʌȚȞșȘȡȚıIJȑȢ ĮʌȠ—ȩȞȦıȘȢ, ıʌȚȞ- instruments
șȘȡȚıIJȑȢ ĮʌȠ—ȩȞȦıȘȢ ĮȞIJȚİțȡȘțIJȚțȠȪ IJȪʌȠȣ țĮȚ ȩȡȖĮȞĮ İȜȑȖȤȠȣ
ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ Part D: Shielding techniques against electromagnetic fields
Shielded cable trays, shielded panels, electromagnetic shielding
ȂȑȡȠȢ ¨: ȂȑıĮ șȦȡȐțȚıȘȢ ȘȜİțIJȡȠ—ĮȖȞȘIJȚțȫȞ ʌİįȓȦȞ against high AC/DC currents
ĬȦȡĮțȚı—ȑȞĮ țĮȞȐȜȚĮ, șȦȡĮțȚı—ȑȞĮ ʌȜĮȓıȚĮ țĮȚ ȘȜİțIJȡȠ—ĮȖȞȘIJȚțȒ
șȦȡȐțȚıȘ țȜİȚıIJȫȞ ȤȫȡȦȞ Įʌȩ ȚıȤȣȡȐ AC/DC ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ All the products which are described in the present catalogue fulfil the
requirements of the latest editions of the valid European (EN),
ǵȜĮ IJĮ ȣȜȚțȐ țĮȚ ȠȚ įȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ ʌȠȣ ʌİȡȚȖȡȐijȠȞIJĮȚ ıIJȠȞ ʌĮȡȩȞ International (IEC) and National (ELOT) standards.
țĮIJȐȜȠȖȠ ȚțĮȞȠʌȠȚȠȪȞ IJȚȢ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȚȢ IJȦȞ IJİȜİȣIJĮȓȦȞ İțįȩıİȦȞ IJȦȞ
ȚıȤȪȠȞIJȦȞ ǼȣȡȦʌĮȧțȫȞ (EN), ¨ȚİșȞȫȞ (IEC) țĮȚ ǼșȞȚțȫȞ (Ǽȁȅȉ) The main reason of preparing this catalogue specifically for surge
ʌȡȠIJȪʌȦȞ. protection arrives from the issue of the new European and International
series of standards EN / IEC 62305, which describe the design
Ǿ ĮȞȐȖțȘ ıȪȞIJĮȟȘȢ IJȠȣ İȟİȚįȚțİȣ—ȑȞȠȣ țĮIJĮȜȩȖȠȣ ĮijȠȡȐ ıIJȘȞ ʌȜȒȡȘ requirements for a lightning protection system and in particular the
țȐȜȣȥȘ IJȠȣ țİijĮȜĮȓȠȣ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ, Ș standard EN / IEC 62305 - 4 which outlines the design requirements
ȠʌȠȓĮ Ȓȡșİ —İIJȐ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ ȑțįȠıȘ IJȦȞ ȞȑȦȞ ʌȡȠIJȪʌȦȞ ıȤİįȚĮı—ȠȪ İ- for the internal lightning protection system including surge protection.
ȞȩȢ ȠȜȠțȜȘȡȦ—ȑȞȠȣ ıȣıIJȒ—ĮIJȠȢ ĮȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ıİȚȡȐȢ
Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305 țĮȚ ıȣȖțİțȡȚ—ȑȞĮ IJȠȣ ʌȡȠIJȪʌȠȣ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305 - 4, In conjunction with the new series of design standards there where
IJȠ ȠʌȠȓȠ șȑIJİȚ ȞȑİȢ ȕȐıİȚȢ ȖȚĮ IJȠ ıȤİįȚĮı—ȩ IJȠȣ İıȦIJİȡȚțȠȪ ıȣ- made major amendments to the series of standards describing testing
ıIJȒ—ĮIJȠȢ ĮȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ țĮȚ IJȘȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ requirements for components and devices that are used in a lightning
țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ. and surge protection system so that both design and testing standards
are inline with each other.
ȆĮȡȐȜȜȘȜĮ —Įȗȓ —İ IJĮ ȞȑĮ ʌȡȩIJȣʌĮ ıȤİįȚĮı—ȠȪ ĮțȠȜȠȪșȘıĮȞ țĮȚ
ȞȑİȢ İțįȩıİȚȢ IJȦȞ ȚıȤȣȩȞIJȦȞ ʌȡȠIJȪʌȦȞ įȠțȚ—ȫȞ ȣȜȚțȫȞ ĮȞIJȚ- In particular there are amendments to the European series of standards
țİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ıİȚȡȫȞ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 50164 (İȟĮȡIJȒ—ĮIJĮ İȟȦ- EN 50164 (testing requirements for components used in external
IJİȡȚțȠȪ ıȣıIJȒ—ĮIJȠȢ ĮȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ țĮȚ ȚıȠįȣȞĮ—ȚțȫȞ lightning protection and equipotential bonding) as well as in EN 61643
ıȣȞįȑıİȦȞ) țĮȚ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 61643 (įȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ series of standards (testing requirements of power and telecom surge
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȠȪ țĮȚ IJȘȜİʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȚĮțȠȪ įȚțIJȪȠȣ) ȫıIJİ ȞĮ protective devices).
ȣʌȐȡȤİȚ ʌȜȒȡȘ İȞĮȡ—ȩȞȚıȘ —İIJĮȟȪ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȦȞ ıȤİįȚĮı—ȠȪ țĮȚ
ȣȜȚțȫȞ. ELEMKO SA as always is 100% inline with the new requirements of
the standards and we are ready to perform training and to update all our
Ǿ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ ǹǺǼǼ ʌȚıIJȒ ıIJȚȢ ȣʌȠıȤȑıİȚȢ IJȘȢ ʌȡȠȢ IJȠȣȢ ʌİȜȐIJİȢ IJȘȢ customers to the new standards. Additionally ELEMKO SA has a
İȓȞĮȚ ȑIJȠȚ—Ș ȞĮ IJȠȣȢ İȞȘ—İȡȫıİȚ ȖȚĮ IJȚȢ ȞȑİȢ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȚȢ țĮȚ IJȚȢ complete range of products fit for every purpose that might be required
ĮȜȜĮȖȑȢ ʌȠȣ ȑȤȠȣȞ ijȑȡİȚ ȠȚ ȞȑİȢ İțįȩıİȚȢ IJȦȞ ʌȡȠIJȪʌȦȞ țĮșȫȢ İʌȓıȘȢ according to the new needs.
įȚĮșȑIJİȚ ʌȜȒȡȘ ȖțȐ—Į ĮȟȚȩʌȚıIJȦȞ țĮȚ ʌȠȚȠIJȚțȫȞ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȦȞ ȫıIJİ ȞĮ
țĮȜȪȥİȚ ȩȜİȢ IJȚȢ ȞȑİȢ ĮȞȐȖțİȢ. At the technical introduction of the present catalogue the reader can
find useful information regarding the application and selection
ȈIJȘȞ İȚıĮȖȦȖȒ IJȠȣ ʌĮȡȩȞIJȠȢ țĮIJĮȜȩȖȠȣ ȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞ ȤȡȒıȚ—İȢ principles of surge protection devices. However for more detailed
ʌȜȘȡȠijȠȡȓİȢ ȖȚĮ IJȘȞ İijĮȡ—ȠȖȒ IJȦȞ įȚĮIJȐȟİȦȞ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ information the reader should refer to the European and International
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ ĮȜȜȐ ȖȚĮ ʌİȡȚııȩIJİȡİȢ ȜİʌIJȠ—ȑȡİȚİȢ Ƞ ĮȞĮȖȞȫıIJȘȢ —ʌȠȡİȓ series of standards EN / IEC 62305.
ȞĮ ĮȞĮijİȡșİȓ ıIJĮ ȚıȤȪȠȞIJĮ ʌȡȩIJȣʌĮ ıİȚȡȐȢ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305 țĮșȫȢ țĮȚ
Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 61643. ȆĮȡȐȜȜȘȜĮ Ș ǼȁǼȂȀȅ ǹǺǼǼ —ȑıĮ Įʌȩ IJȚȢ Additionally ELEMKO SA has issued technical guides fully updated
IJİȤȞȚțȑȢ İțįȩıİȚȢ IJȘȢ, ȠȚ ȠʌȠȓİȢ ȑȤȠȣȞ İʌĮȞĮțȣțȜȠijȠȡȒıİȚ to the new standards, which translate in a simpler manner the standard
țĮȜȪʌIJȠȞIJĮȢ ȩȜİȢ IJȚȢ ȞȑİȢ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȚȢ IJȦȞ ȚıȤȣȩȞIJȦȞ ʌȡȠIJȪʌȦȞ, requirements by giving information on how the user can achieve the
—İIJĮijȑȡİȚ ĮʌȜȐ țĮȚ țĮIJĮȞȠȘIJȐ IJȠȞ IJȡȩʌȠ ȣȜȠʌȠȓȘıȘȢ IJȦȞ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȦȞ, desired result as well as to how select the appropriate product by
įȓȞȠȞIJĮȢ ʌȠȜȣȐȡȚș—Į ʌĮȡĮįİȓȖ—ĮIJĮ İijĮȡ—ȠȖȒȢ, țĮșȠįȘȖȫȞIJĮȢ IJȠ outlining numerous application examples fitting the needs of design
—İȜİIJȘIJȒ, İȖțĮIJĮıIJȐIJȘ țĮȚ İʌȚȕȜȑʌȠȞIJĮ İȞȩȢ ȑȡȖȠȣ ıIJȠ ıȦıIJȩ engineers, installers and project supervisors.
ıȤİįȚĮı—ȩ țĮȚ ıIJȘ ıȦıIJȒ İʌȚȜȠȖȒ IJȦȞ țĮIJȐȜȜȘȜȦȞ ȣȜȚțȫȞ.

4
 ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES A
ǼȚıĮȖȦȖȒ ıIJȘȞ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ Introduction to surge protection

ȅȚ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ ĮȞȐȜȠȖĮ —İ IJȘȞ ʌȘȖȒ ʌȠȣ IJȚȢ ʌȡȠțĮȜİȓ —ʌȠȡȠȪȞ ȞĮ Overvoltages may be generated out of various sources, which will
ȑȤȠȣȞ įȚĮijȠȡİIJȚțȐ ȤĮȡĮțIJȘȡȚıIJȚțȐ țĮȚ ȞĮ ĮʌĮȚIJȠȪȞ įȚĮijȠȡİIJȚțȩ consequently have different characteristics and therefore they may
IJȡȩʌȠ ĮȞIJȚ—İIJȫʌȚıȘȢ. Ǿ ǼȚțȩȞĮ 1 ʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗİȚ IJȚȢ ʌȜȑȠȞ ıȣȞȘșȚı—ȑ- require different protection measures. Figure 1 describes the most
ȞİȢ —ȠȡijȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ. ȈțȠʌȩȢ IJȦȞ ʌİȡȚııȠIJȑȡȦȞ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȦȞ ʌȠȣ common overvoltages. The aim of most of the products that are
ʌİȡȚȖȡȐijȠȞIJĮȚ ıIJȠȞ ʌĮȡȩȞ țĮIJȐȜȠȖȠ İȓȞĮȚ ȞĮ ʌİȡȚȠȡȓȗȠȣȞ IJȘȢ included in the present catalogue is to reduce switching and lightning
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ Įʌȩ ȤİȚȡȚı—ȠȪȢ įȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞ țĮȚ IJȚȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ Įʌȩ overvoltages. The temporary overvoltages are generated by poor
țİȡĮȣȞȠȪȢ. ȅȚ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ —İȖȐȜȘȢ įȚȐȡțİȚĮȢ (ms…s) ȠijİȓȜȠȞIJĮȚ quality of the power supply and have long duration (ms…s). They are
ıIJȘȞ ʌȠȚȩIJȘIJĮ ʌĮȡȠȤȒȢ IJȠȣ įȚțIJȪȠȣ țĮȚ ĮȞIJȚ—İIJȦʌȓȗȠȞIJĮȚ —İ generally controlled by voltage stabilizers, UPS etc. The switching and
ıIJĮșİȡȠʌȠȚȘIJȑȢ IJȐıİȦȢ, UPS țIJȜ. ȅȚ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ Įʌȩ ȤİȚȡȚı—ȠȪȢ the lightning overvoltages are known as surge overvoltages and they
įȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞ ȩʌȦȢ țĮȚ Įʌȩ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪȢ ȠȞȠ—ȐȗȠȞIJĮȚ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ are characterised by short duration (—s) and high absolute values (kV).
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ țĮșȫȢ ȑȤȠȣȞ —ȚțȡȒ įȚȐȡțİȚĮ (—s) ĮȜȜȐ —İȖȐȜȘ ĮʌȩȜȣIJȘ They can be limited by using surge protective devices. Surge
IJȚ—Ȓ (kV) țĮȚ ĮȞIJȚ—İIJȦʌȓȗȠȞIJĮȚ —İ IJȠȣȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ overvoltages caused by a lightning discharge are the most destructive
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ. ȅȚ ʌȜȑȠȞ țĮIJĮıIJȡȠijȚțȑȢ țĮȚ įȪıțȠȜİȢ ıİ ĮȞIJȚ—İIJȫʌȚıȘ and they are also the most difficult to be controlled.
İȓȞĮȚ ȠȚ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ ȠijİȚȜȩ—İȞİȢ ıİ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪȢ.

ȅȞȠ—ĮıIJȚțȒ IJȐıȘ įȚțIJȪȠȣ

Nominal operating voltage

ȊʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ —İȖȐȜȘȢ įȚȐȡțİȚĮȢ

TOV – Temporary Overvoltages

ȊʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ Įʌȩ ȤİȚȡȚı—ȠȪȢ įȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞ

Switching overvoltages

ȊʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ Įʌȩ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪȢ

Lightning overvoltages

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 1: ȈȣȞȘșȚı—ȑȞİȢ —ȠȡijȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ

Figure 1: Common overvoltages

ȀĮIJĮıIJȡȠijȑȢ ȠijİȚȜȩ—İȞİȢ ıİ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪȢ Damages caused by lightning discharges

Ǿ ʌIJȫıȘ İȞȩȢ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪ —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ ʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚ ıȠȕĮȡȑȢ ȗȘ—ȚȑȢ ıİ —ȚĮ A lightning strike may cause serious damage to an electrical
ȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȠȖȚțȒ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ IJȠ —ȑȖİșȠȢ IJȦȞ ȠʌȠȓȦȞ —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ İȓȞĮȚ installation, which may lead up to a complete destruction of it as it can
ȠȜȠțȜȘȡȦIJȚțȒ țĮIJĮıIJȡȠijȒ ȩʌȦȢ ijĮȓȞİIJĮȚ ıIJȘȞ ǼȚțȩȞĮ 2. be seen in Figure 2.
One of the main factors responsible for the size of the damage is the
ȉȠ —ȑȖİșȠȢ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮıIJȡȠijȒȢ İȟĮȡIJȐIJĮȚ ıİ —İȖȐȜȠ ȕĮș—ȩ Įʌȩ IJȠ peak current and the waveshape of the lightning discharge. Lightning
—ȑȖȚıIJȠ ȡİȪ—Į țĮȚ IJȘȞ —ȠȡijȒ IJȠȣ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪ. ȅ țİȡĮȣȞȩȢ İȓȞĮȚ —ȚĮ is a natural current source. The flow of the lightning current generates
ijȣıȚțȒ ʌȘȖȒ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ IJȠȣ ȠʌȠȓȠȣ Ș ȡȠȒ įȘ—ȚȠȣȡȖİȓ İȓIJİ Ȧ—ȚțȐ İȓIJİ mainly either by resistive or inductive coupling the surge overvoltages.
İʌĮȖȦȖȚțȐ țĮIJȐ țȪȡȚȠ ȜȩȖȠ IJȚȢ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ.
Lightning strokes as a natural phenomenon can not be identical with
ȀĮșȫȢ ȠȚ țİȡĮȣȞȠȓ İȓȞĮȚ ȑȞĮ ijȣıȚțȩ ijĮȚȞȩ—İȞȠ įİȞ İȓȞĮȚ ȩ—ȠȚȠȚ each other since the energy and the shape of them may be different each
—İIJĮȟȪ IJȠȣȢ țĮșȫȢ Ș İȞȑȡȖİȚĮ țĮȚ Ș —ȠȡijȒ IJȠȣȢ țȐșİ ijȠȡȐ —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ time.
įȚĮijȑȡİȚ.
However after long investigation and field measurements it has been
ȂİIJȐ Įʌȩ ʌȠȜȣİIJȒȢ ȑȡİȣȞİȢ țĮȚ țĮIJĮȖȡĮijȑȢ IJȠȣ ijȣıȚțȠȪ ĮȣIJȠȪ accepted to consider the peak lightning current to have a value of
ijĮȚȞȩ—İȞȠȣ ȦȢ —ȑȖȚıIJȘ IJȚ—Ȓ İȞȩȢ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪ șİȦȡȠȪȞIJĮȚ IJĮ 200kA —İ 200kA and a waveshape of 10/350—s [EN / IEC 62305 - 1, 2006].
țȡȠȣıIJȚțȒ țȣ—ĮIJȠ—ȠȡijȒ 10/350—s [Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305 - 1, 2006].

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A ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES

ȂİIJȐįȠıȘ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ Causes of lightning surge

ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ Įʌȩ overvoltages
țİȡĮȣȞȠȪȢ
Whether there is a direct or
Ǿ ʌIJȫıȘ İȞȩȢ țİȡĮȣȞȠȪ İȓIJİ indirect lightning discharge on a
Ȑ—İıĮ ıİ —ȚĮ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ İȓIJİ structure it may cause imme-
ȑ——İıĮ —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ ʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚ diate or gradual damage to the
ĮțĮȡȚĮȓĮ Ȓ ȕĮș—ȚĮȓĮ ijșȠȡȐ ıIJĮ electrical and electronic circui-
ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȐ țĮȚ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȐ țȣ- try that the structure is equipped
țȜȫ—ĮIJĮ IJĮ ȠʌȠȓĮ İȓȞĮȚ İȖțĮ- with. Figure 3 illustrates the
IJİıIJȘ—ȑȞĮ ıIJȘȞ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ. Ǿ main causes of generating surge
ǼȚțȩȞĮ 3 ʌİȡȚȖȡȐijİȚ IJĮ țȪȡȚĮ overvoltages either due to direct
ĮȓIJȚĮ įȘ—ȚȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ or indirect lightning strikes.
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ Įʌȩ Ȑ—İıĮ țĮȚ Direct lightning strike is consi-
ȑ——İıĮ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȐ ʌȜȒȖ—ĮIJĮ. dered to be the one which strikes
DZ—İıĮ șİȦȡȠȪȞIJĮȚ IJĮ ʌȜȒȖ—ĮIJĮ on the structure or on an incom-
ıIJȘȞ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ țĮȚ ıIJĮ İȚıİȡ- ǼȚțȩȞĮ 2: ȅȜȠțȜȘȡȦIJȚțȒ țĮIJĮıIJȡȠijȒ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȠȖȚțȒȢ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ Įʌȩ țİȡĮȣȞȩ ing conductive supply network
Ȥȩ—İȞĮ ĮȖȫȖȚ—Į įȓțIJȣĮ (ʌ.Ȥ. Figure 2: Total damage of an electrical installation due to lightning strike (i.e. Electricity, Telecom) and
¨ǼǾ, ȅȉǼ) țĮȚ ȑ——İıĮ IJĮ indirect are considered the
ʌȜȒȖ—ĮIJĮ ʌȜȘıȓȠȞ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ Ȓ IJȦȞ įȚțIJȪȦȞ —İ IJĮ ȠʌȠȓĮ nearby lightning strikes either near to the structure or near to incoming
ıȣȞįȑİIJĮȚ Ș țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ țĮșȫȢ țĮȚ IJȦȞ țİȡĮȣȞȫȞ ȞȑijȠȣȢ - ȞȑijȠȣȢ. conductive supply network and also cloud to cloud lightning.
ȀĮIJȐ ȚİȡĮȡȤȓĮ ıİ İʌȚțȚȞįȣȞȩIJȘIJĮ ȖȚĮ IJĮ ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȐ țĮȚ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȐ Considering them with respect to the damage that they can cause first is
țȣțȜȫ—ĮIJĮ ʌȡȫIJȠ ȑȡȤİIJĮȚ IJȠ Ȑ—İıȠ ʌȜȒȖ—Į, ĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞIJĮȢ IJȠ the direct lightning strikes followed by the nearby stroke and the cloud
ȖİȚIJȠȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į țĮȚ IJȠȞ țİȡĮȣȞȩ ȞȑijȠȣȢ - ȞȑijȠȣȢ. to cloud lightning.

DZ—İıȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į

ȀİȡĮȣȞȩȢ ȞȑijȠȣȢ – ȞȑijȠȣȢ Direct lightning strike
Cloud to Cloud lightning

ȀİȡĮȣȞȩȢ ıİ İȞĮȑȡȚĮ ȖȡĮ——Ȓ

DZ—İıȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į
Lightning on incoming services
Direct lightning strike

īİȚIJȠȞȚțȩȢ țİȡĮȣȞȩȢ
Nearby lightning

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 3: ȀĮIJĮıIJȡȠijȑȢ ıİ ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȐ țĮȚ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȐ țȣțȜȫ—ĮIJĮ Įʌȩ Ȑ—İıĮ țĮȚ ȑ——İıĮ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȐ ʌȜȒȖ—ĮIJĮ
Figure 3: Damage to electrical and electronic circuits due to direct and indirect lightning strikes

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 ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES A
ȀĮIJĮȞȠ—Ȓ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ Distribution of lightning current

ȉȠ ʌȡȩIJȣʌȠ IEC 61643-12 ĮȞĮijȑȡİȚ İȐȞ —ȚĮ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ įİȤIJİȓ ȑȞĮ According to IEC 61643-12 if a structure receives a direct lightning
Ȑ—İıȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ (ǿ) ʌȜȒȖ—Į IJȠ 50% IJȠȣ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ șĮ İțijȠȡIJȚıIJİȓ strike (ǿ) 50% of the lightning current will discharge through the local
ıIJȘȞ IJȠʌȚțȒ ȖİȓȦıȘ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ İȞȫ IJȠ ȣʌȩȜȠȚʌȠ 50% (ǿs) șĮ earthing system where as the remaining 50% (ǿs) will discharge
țĮIJĮȞİ—Șșİȓ ıIJȚȢ ȣʌȩȜȠȚʌİȢ İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞİȢ ĮȖȫȖȚ—İȢ ʌĮȡȠȤȑȢ ȩʌȦȢ through the other incoming conductive services such as metallic water
—İIJĮȜȜȚțȠȓ ıȦȜȒȞİȢ ȪįȡİȣıȘȢ, —İIJĮȜȜȚțȠȓ ıȦȜȒȞİȢ ijȣıȚțȠȪ ĮİȡȓȠȣ, and gas pipes, electric power supply etc. The percentage of the current
İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȒ ʌĮȡȠȤȒ ț.IJ.Ȝ. ȉȠ ʌȠıȠıIJȩ IJȠȣ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ ʌȠȣ that will flow through each incoming conductive service (Ii) can be
șĮ ʌİȡȐıİȚ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ țȐșİ ĮȖȫȖȚ—Ș ʌĮȡȠȤȒ (Ii) —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ İțIJȚ—Șșİȓ ȦȢ calculated Ii = Is / n, where n is the total number of the incoming
Ii = Is /n, ȩʌȠȣ n İȓȞĮȚ IJȠ ʌȜȒșȠȢ IJȦȞ İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞȦȞ ĮȖȫȖȚ—ȦȞ ʌĮȡȠȤȫȞ. conductive services.

īȚĮ ʌĮȡȐįİȚȖ—Į İȐȞ —ȚĮ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ IJȡİȚȢ (n = 3) İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞİȢ As an example if a structure has three (n = 3) conductive incoming
ĮȖȫȖȚ—İȢ ʌĮȡȠȤȑȢ (ȑȞĮ —İIJĮȜȜȚțȩ ıȦȜȒȞĮ ȪįȡİȣıȘȢ, ȑȞĮ —İIJĮȜȜȚțȩ services (one metallic water pipe, one metallic gas pipe and one power
ıȦȜȒȞĮ ijȣıȚțȠȪ ĮİȡȓȠȣ țĮȚ ȑȞĮ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȩ țĮȜȫįȚȠ) IJȩIJİ ıİ cable) then in the event of a direct lightning strike on the structure the
ʌİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ Ȑ—İıȠȣ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ʌȜȒȖ—ĮIJȠȢ ıIJȘȞ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ, IJȠ IJȠʌȚțȩ local earthing system will discharge the 50% of the lightning current
ıȪıIJȘ—Į ȖİȓȦıȘȢ șĮ İțijȠȡIJȓıİȚ IJȠ 50% IJȠȣ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ, İȞȫ Ș țȐșİ and the remaining current will be subdivided to the three conductive
ĮȖȫȖȚ—Ș ʌĮȡȠȤȒ șĮ İțijȠȡIJȓıİȚ IJȠ 16,6% IJȠȣ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ, incoming services Ii = Is / 3 => Ii = 16.6% (see Figure 4).
Ii = Is / 3 => Ii = 16.6% (ȕȜ. ǼȚțȩȞĮ 4).
In case that one incoming conductive service has more that one
Ȉİ ʌİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ ʌȠȣ Ș —ȚĮ İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞȘ ĮȖȫȖȚ—Ș ʌĮȡȠȤȒ ȑȤİȚ conductive lines (i.e. an incoming 3-phase power cable may have four
ʌİȡȚııȩIJİȡİȢ Įʌȩ —ȚĮ ĮȖȫȖȚ—İȢ ȖȡĮ——ȑȢ (ʌ.Ȥ. —ȚĮ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȒ 3ĭ conductors , L1, L2, L3 and ȃ) than the calculation of the distribution of
ĮȖȫȖȚ—Ș ʌĮȡȠȤȒ ȑȤİȚ ȑȞĮ țĮȜȫįȚȠ —İ 4 ĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ, L1, L2, L3 țĮȚ ȃ) IJȩIJİ the lightning current that will flow through each of the conductive lines
Ƞ ȣʌȠȜȠȖȚı—ȩȢ IJȠȣ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ ȖȚĮ țȐșİ ĮȖȦȖȩ (ǿv) (ǿv) is given by the division of the percentage of the lightning current
ʌȡȠțȪʌIJİȚ Įʌȩ IJȘ įȚĮȓȡİıȘ IJȠȣ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ ʌȠȣ șĮ that will flow through conductive service (Ii) with respect to the
İțijȠȡIJȚıIJİȓ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ ĮȖȫȖȚ—Ș ʌĮȡȠȤȒ (Ii) ȦȢ ʌȡȠȢ IJȠ ʌȜȒșȠȢ IJȦȞ number of the conductive lines of the cable (m), ǿv = Ii / m.
ĮȖȫȖȚ—ȦȞ ȖȡĮ——ȫȞ (m), ǿv = Ii / m.
For example if a structure has only one incoming conductive power
īȚĮ ʌĮȡȐįİȚȖ—Į İȐȞ —ȚĮ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ —ȚĮ —ȩȞȠ İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞȘ cable (n = 1), which is composed out of four (m = 4) conductors (L1, L2,
İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȒ ʌĮȡȠȤȒ (n = 1) ʌȠȣ ĮʌȠIJİȜİȓIJĮȚ Įʌȩ ȑȞĮ țĮȜȫįȚȠ —İ L3 and N) then in the event of a direct lightning strike on the structure
IJȑııİȡİȚȢ (m = 4) ĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ (L1, L2, L3 țĮȚ ȃ) IJȩIJİ ıİ ʌİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ the local earthing system will discharge the 50% of the lightning
Ȑ—İıȠȣ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ʌȜȒȖ—ĮIJȠȢ ıIJȘȞ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ, IJȠ IJȠʌȚțȩ ıȪıIJȘ—Į current and the reaming 50% will flow through the power cable. Then
ȖİȓȦıȘȢ șĮ İțijȠȡIJȓıİȚ IJȠ 50% țĮȚ Ș İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȒ ʌĮȡȠȤȒ IJȠ ȐȜȜȠ 50% each conductor of the power cable will discharge the 12,5% of the total
IJȠȣ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ, IJȩIJİ Ƞ țȐșİ ĮȖȦȖȩȢ IJȠȣ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ șĮ İțijȠȡIJȓıİȚ IJȠ lightning current , Ii = Is / 1 (n = 1) => Ii = 50% and ǿv = Ii / 4 (m = 4) =>
12,5% IJȠȣ ȠȜȚțȠȪ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ, Ii = Is / 1 (n = 1) => Ii = 50% ǿv = 12,5% (see Figure 5).
țĮȚ ǿv = Ii / 4 (m = 4) => ǿv = 12,5% (ȕȜ. ǼȚțȩȞĮ 5)

DZ—İıȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į

Direct lightning strike

100% IJȠȣ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ șĮ ȠįİȪıİȚ

—ȑıȦ IJȦȞ ĮȖȦȖȫȞ țĮșȩįȠȣ
ǼȞİȡȖİȚĮțȩ įȓțIJȣȠ
100% of the lightning current will
flow through the down conductors
Electrical power network

16,6% IJȠȣ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ ıIJȠ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȩ įȓțIJȣȠ

16,6% of the current will flow through the electrical power network

ȂİIJĮȜȜȚțȩȢ ıȦȜȒȞĮȢ ȞİȡȠȪ

ȂİIJĮȜȜȚțȩȢ ıȦȜȒȞĮȢ ijȣıȚțȠȪ ĮİȡȓȠȣ

Metallic buried pipe – Gas Metallic buried pipe – Water

16,6% IJȠȣ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ ıIJȠ țȐșİ 16,6% of the current will flow
—İIJĮȜȜȚțȩ įȓțIJȣȠ ıȦȜȘȞȫıİȦȞ through each pipe network
50% IJȠȣ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ ıIJȘ IJȠʌȚțȒ ȖİȓȦıȘ
50% of current to local earthing

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 4: ȀĮIJĮ—İȡȚı—ȩȢ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ ıIJĮ İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞĮ ĮȖȫȖȚ—Į įȓțIJȣĮ —ȚĮȢ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ
Figure 4: Lightning current distribution to the incoming conductive lines of a structure

7
A ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES

4 X 25kA (10/350 — )

L1

L2

īİȓȦıȘ įȚțIJȪȠȣ Ȋ/Ȉ L3

Substation earthing N

PE

L L L PE

200kA (10/350 —s) 100kA (10/350 —s) SPD SPD SPD SPD
UC = 275Vac UC = 275Vac U C = 275Vac UC = 255Vac
Up = <1,9kV Up = <1,9kV U p = <1,9kV Up = <4kV
I imp= 25kA (10/350 —s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350 — s) I imp = 25kA (10/350 —s) Iimp = 100kA (10/350 —s)
I max= 200kA (8/20 —s) Imax = 200kA (8/20 — s) I max= 200kA (8/20 —s) Imax = 200kA (8/20 —s)
T a = <25ns Ta = <25ns T a = <25ns T a = <100ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 51 200 T1 + T2 CE

N N N N

100kA (10/350 —s)

ȉȠʌȚțȒ ȖİȓȦıȘ
Local earthing

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 5: ȀĮIJĮ—İȡȚı—ȩȢ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȠȪ ȡİȪ—ĮIJȠȢ ıIJȠȣȢ ĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ IJȠȣ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȠȪ įȚțIJȪȠȣ, IJȠ —ȑȖȚıIJȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ȡİȪ—Į ıȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJȠ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305-1 șİȦȡȠȪȞIJĮȚ
IJĮ 200kA (10/350—s)
Figure 5: Lightning current distribution to the electric power conductors, maximum lightning current as per EN 62305-1 is considered 200kA (10/350—s)

ǼıȦIJİȡȚțȩ ȈȪıIJȘ—Į ǹȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ȈǹȆ Internal Lightning Protection System LPS

ȈțȠʌȩȢ IJȠȣ İıȦIJİȡȚțȠȪ ȈǹȆ İȓȞĮȚ ȞĮ ʌȡȠıIJĮIJİȪıİȚ ĮȞșȡȫʌȠȣȢ țĮȚ The aim of the internal LPS is to protect human life and electrical /
ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȑȢ / ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȑȢ įȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ ȠȚ electronic installations against surge overvoltages, which are caused
ȠʌȠȓİȢ ȠijİȓȜȠȞIJĮȚ İȓIJİ ıİ Ȑ—İıȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į İȓIJİ ıİ ȑ——İıȠ either by direct or indirect lightning strike. As described in the
ʌȜȒȖ—Į. ǵʌȦȢ ʌȡȠȕȜȑʌİȚ IJȠ ʌȡȩIJȣʌȠ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305 - 4, Ƞ ȩȖțȠȢ IJȘȢ European and International standard EN / IEC 62305 - 4 the volume of
țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ ʌȠȣ ʌȡȩțİȚIJĮȚ ȞĮ ʌȡȠıIJĮIJİȣșİȓ ȤȦȡȓȗİIJĮȚ ıİ ȗȫȞİȢ the structure that is to be protected against lightning shall be divided
(Lightning Protection Zones LPZ), ıİ ıȣȞȐȡIJȘıȘ țȣȡȓȦȢ IJȘȢ ȑȞIJĮıȘȢ into zones (Lightning Protection Zones LPZ) with respect to reduction
IJȦȞ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȫȞ İʌȚįȡȐıİȦȞ ıIJȠ ȤȫȡȠ țĮȚ țĮIJȐ įİȪIJİȡȠ, IJȘȢ of the electromagnetic effect of the lightning current and on the
įȚȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒȢ ĮȞIJȠȤȒȢ IJȦȞ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ. ȅȚ dielectric strength of the under protection equipment. The basic LPZ
ȕĮıȚțȑȢ LPZ İȓȞĮȚ ȠȚ ĮțȩȜȠȣșİȢ: are the following:

x LPZ 0A: ȈIJȘ ȗȫȞȘ ĮȣIJȒ ĮȞIJȚțİȓ—İȞĮ ȣʌȩțİȚȞIJĮȚ ıİ Ȑ—İıĮ x LPZ 0A: Equipment installed in this zone will be subjected to full
țİȡĮȣȞȚțȐ ʌȜȒȖ—ĮIJĮ țĮȚ İȓȞĮȚ İțIJİșİȚ—ȑȞĮ ıİ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ direct lightning current and electromagnetic effects without any
țĮȚ ȘȜİțIJȡȠ—ĮȖȞȘIJȚțȑȢ İʌȚįȡȐıİȚȢ ȤȦȡȓȢ ĮʌȩıȕİıȘ. reduction measure.
x LPZ 0B: ȈIJȘ ȗȫȞȘ ĮȣIJȒ ĮȞIJȚțİȓ—İȞĮ įİȞ įȑȤȠȞIJĮȚ Ȑ—İıĮ x LPZ 0B: Equipment installed in this zone will not be subjected to
țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į İȞȫ İȓȞĮȚ İțIJİșİȚ—ȑȞĮ ıİ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ direct lightning current but they will be subjected to full
țĮȚ ȘȜİțIJȡȠ—ĮȖȞȘIJȚțȑȢ İʌȚįȡȐıİȚȢ ȤȦȡȓȢ țĮ—ȚȐ ĮʌȩıȕİıȘ. electromagnetic effects without any reduction measure.
x LPZ 1: ǹȞIJȚțİȓ—İȞĮ ıIJȘ ȗȫȞȘ ĮȣIJȒ ȣʌȩțİȚȞIJĮȚ ıİ ȚıȤȣȡȑȢ x LPZ 1: Equipment installed in this zone will be subjected to
ȘȜİțIJȡȠ—ĮȖȞȘIJȚțȑȢ İʌȚįȡȐıİȚȢ —İȚȦ—ȑȞȘȢ ȑȞIJĮıȘȢ Įʌȩ IJȚȢ partial lightning current and high electromagnetic effects at a reduced
ʌȡȠȘȖȠȪ—İȞİȢ ȗȫȞİȢ. level than upstream zones.
x LPZ 2…Ȟ: ǹȞIJȚțİȓ—İȞĮ ıIJȘ ȗȫȞȘ ĮȣIJȒ ȣʌȩțİȚȞIJĮȚ ıİ x LPZ 2…n: Equipment in this zone will be subjected to surge
İȟĮıșİȞȚı—ȑȞİȢ ȘȜİțIJȡȠ—ĮȖȞȘIJȚțȑȢ İʌȚįȡȐıİȚȢ, ĮȞȐȜȠȖĮ —İ IJĮ —ȑIJȡĮ currents and low electromagnetic effects depending on the protection
ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ʌȠȣ ȑȤȠȣȞ ʌȡȠȕȜİijșİȓ ıIJȘȞ ʌȡȠȘȖȠȪ—İȞȘ ȗȫȞȘ. measures that have been taken in upstream zones.

ȂȑıĮ ıİ țȐșİ ȗȫȞȘ ȩȜİȢ ȠȚ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ȑȤȠȣȞ IJȠ ȓįȚȠ All equipments that are installed in the same zone should be at the same
įȣȞĮ—Țțȩ. ǹȣIJȩ —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ ʌȡĮȖ—ĮIJȠʌȠȚȘșİȓ İijĮȡ—ȩȗȠȞIJĮȢ ȚıȠįȣ- potential. This can be succeeded by applying equipotential bonding to
ȞĮ—ȚțȑȢ ıȣȞįȑıİȚȢ ıİ ȩȜĮ IJĮ ĮȖȫȖȚ—Į —ȑȡȘ, ıȣ—ʌİȡȚȜĮ—ȕĮȞȠ—ȑȞȠȣ all conductive parts including the reinforcement of the structure, where
țĮȚ IJȠȣ ȠʌȜȚı—ȠȪ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ İȐȞ ĮȣIJȩ İȓȞĮȚ İijȚțIJȩ, ıȣȞįȑȠȞIJĮȢ this is possible to be achieved, with respect to earth either by a direct
IJĮ —İ IJȘȞ ȖİȓȦıȘ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ İȓIJİ Ȑ—İıĮ İȓIJİ —ȑıȦ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ. bonding or through a surge protective device.

8
 ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES A
ǽȫȞȘ 0ǹ
ǼțIJİșİȚ—ȑȞĮ ıİ Ȑ—İıȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į,
10/350—s

Zone 0ǹ
Subjected to direct lightning strike
10/350—s

ǽȫȞȘ 0Ǻ
ǽȫȞȘ 1 ǽȫȞȘ 2, ǽȫȞȘ 3
ȀİȡĮȣȞȚțȐ ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ, 10/350—s ȀȡȠȣıIJȚțȐ ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ, 8/20—s Zone 0Ǻ
Zone 2, Zone 3
Zone 1
Lightning currents, 10/350—s Surge currents, 8/20—s
ǽȫȞȘ 0Ǻ
ȆȡȠıIJĮIJİȪȠȞIJĮȚ Įʌȩ Ȑ—İıȠ
țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į

Zone 0Ǻ
Protected from direct
lightning strike

MAX MIN
DzȞIJĮıȘ ȘȜİțIJȡȠ—ĮȖȞȘIJȚțȠȪ ʌİįȓȠȣ ıIJȠ İıȦIJİȡȚțȩ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ
Immunity of equipment to the electromagnetic field inside the structure due to lightning

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 6: ǽȫȞİȢ ĮȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ (LPZ) ıȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJȠ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305 - 4

Figure 6: Lightning protection zones (LPZ) according to EN / IEC 62305 - 4

ȀĮIJȘȖȠȡȓİȢ įȚȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒȢ ĮȞIJȠȤȒȢ Overvoltage categories

According to the international standard IEC 60364-4-44 all electrical

ȈȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJȠ įȚİșȞȑȢ ʌȡȩIJȣʌȠ IEC 60364-4-44 ȩȜİȢ ȠȚ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ equipment are divided into overvoltage categories, which depend on
ȤȦȡȓȗȠȞIJĮȚ ıİ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓİȢ ȠȚ ȠʌȠȓİȢ țĮșȠȡȓȗȠȞIJĮȚ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ ȠȞȠ—ĮıIJȚțȒ the nominal operating voltage of the equipment and on the installation
IJȐıȘ ȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ IJȠȣȢ țĮȚ IJȠȣ ıȘ—İȓȠȣ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȒȢ IJȠȣȢ. ȈIJȘȞ point of the equipment. Figure 7 shows the four basic overvoltage
ǼȚțȩȞĮ 7 ĮȞĮȜȪȠȞIJĮȚ ʌİȡȚȜȘʌIJȚțȐ IJȑııİȡİȚȢ ȖİȞȚțȑȢ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓİȢ categories of equipment that are installed in a 230/400V AC system.
ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ ʌȠȣ ıȣȞįȑȠȞIJĮȚ ıİ IJȡȚijĮıȚțȩ įȓțIJȣȠ 230 / The selection of the surge protective device shall be based on the fact
400V AC. ȅ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩȢ ʌȠȣ șĮ İʌȚȜİȖİȓ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ȑȤİȚ ȤĮ—ȘȜȩIJİȡȘ that its voltage protection level must be lower than the dielectric
ıIJȐș—Ș ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ Įʌȩ IJȘ įȚȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒ ĮȞIJȠȤȒ IJȘȢ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ strength of the under protection equipment. In Figure 8 is presented
ıȣıțİȣȒȢ. ȋĮȡĮțIJȘȡȚıIJȚțȐ ıIJȘȞ ǼȚțȩȞĮ 8 ijĮȓȞİIJĮȚ Ƞ ĮȞIJȓıIJȠȚȤȠȢ the equivalent surge protective device for the protection of each of the
ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩȢ ȖȚĮ IJȘȞ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ țȐșİ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ ȠȚ ȠʌȠȓİȢ previous four categories. Additionally for the final selection of the
İȓȞĮȚ ıȤİįȚĮı—ȑȞİȢ ȖȚĮ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ıİ ȑȞĮ įȓțIJȣȠ 230 / 400V AC. surge protective device it must also be considered the lightning or
īȚĮ IJȘȞ IJİȜȚțȒ İʌȚȜȠȖȒ IJȠȣ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ ȩ—ȦȢ ʌȐȞIJĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ıȣȞȣʌȠ- surge current discharge capability of it.
ȜȠȖȓıȠȣ—İ țĮȚ IJȠ ĮȞĮ—İȞȩ—İȞȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ Ȓ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȩ ȡİȪ—Į İț-
ijȩȡIJȚıȘȢ. x Category ǿV equipment: Devices used in electrical installation
such as switchboard equipment, fuses, cables, meters etc.
x ȈȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ ǿV : ȊȜȚțȐ, įȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȠȖȚțȫȞ x Category ǿII equipment: Devices permanently connected to an
İȖțĮIJĮıIJȐıİȦȞ ȩʌȦȢ țĮȜȫįȚĮ, IJȘțIJȑȢ ĮıijȐȜİȚİȢ, țȚȜȠȕĮIJȠ- electric installation such as motors, generators, water pumps and
Ȧȡȩ—İIJȡĮ. generally industrial type equipment.
x ȈȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ ǿǿǿ : ¨ȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ —ȩȞȚ—Į ıȣȞįİįİ—ȑȞİȢ ıIJȘȞ x Category ǿI equipment: Devices and electrical appliances
ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ȩʌȦȢ įȚĮțȩʌIJİȢ, İțțȚȞȘIJȑȢ, țĮȚ ȖİȞȚțȫȢ connected to the electrical installation mainly used for domestic
ıȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮȚ —ȘȤĮȞȒ—ĮIJĮ ȕȚȠ—ȘȤĮȞȚțȫȞ İȖțĮIJĮıIJȐıİȦȞ. applications, which do not contain electronic circuits
x ȈȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ ǿǿ : ¨ȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ țĮȚ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ ȠȚțȚĮțȒȢ x Category ǿ equipment: Devices connected to the electrical
ȤȡȒıȘȢ —ȩȞȚ—Į ıȣȞįİįİ—ȑȞİȢ ıIJȘȞ ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ, ȠȚ installation contain sensitive electronic circuits
ȠʌȩȚİȢ įİȞ ʌİȡȚȑȤȠȣȞ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȑȢ įȚĮIJȐȟİȚȢ.
x ȈȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ ǿ : Ȉİ ĮȣIJȒȞ ĮȞȒțȠȣȞ ȠȚ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȑȢ
ıȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮȚ ȖİȞȚțȫȢ țȐșİ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȩ țȪțȜȦ—Į.

9
A ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES

ȀĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮ IV
Category IV
6kV

ȀĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮ III
Category III
4kV

ȀĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮ II
Category II
2,5kV
ȀĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮ I
Category I
1,5kV

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 7: ȀĮIJȘȖȠȡȓİȢ įȚȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒȢ ĮȞIJȠȤȒȢ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ İȖțĮIJİıIJȘ—ȑȞİȢ ıİ įȓțIJȣȠ 230/400V AC ıȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJȠ ʌȡȩIJȣʌȠ IEC 60364 - 4 - 44
Figure 7: Overvoltage categories of electrical equipment installed in a 230/400V AC system according to IEC 60364 - 4 - 44

80kV
6kV 2,5kV 1,5kV

CAT III

CAT I

MV
CAT IV CAT II

L L L PE L L L N

SPD SPD SPD SPD SPD SPD SPD SPD

UC = 275Vac UC = 275Vac UC = 275Vac UC = 255Vac U = 275Vac
C
U = 275Vac
C
U =275Vac
C U C=255Vac
Up = <1,9kV Up = <1,9kV Up = <1,9kV Up = <4kV ?n=15 ?? (8/ 20—s) ?n=15 ?? (8/20—s) ?
n= 15?? (8/20— s) ? =20?? (8/20 —s)
n
—s)
I imp = 25kA (10/350 —s)
Iimp = 25kA (10/350 —s)
I imp = 25kA (10/350 —s)
I imp = 100kA (10/350 max= 40?? (8/20—s) ?max=40 ?? (8/20 —s)
?max=40 ?? (8/ 20—s) ?max= 40?? (8/20—s) ?

I max= 200kA (8/20—s) —s)

I ax = 200kA (8/20
m —s)
I max = 200kA (8/20 Imax = 200kA (8/20 —s) U p = <1.9kV U p = <1.9kV Up = <1.9kV U p= <1.2kV

T a= <25ns Ta = <25ns T a = <25ns T a= <100ns T = <25ns

a
T = <25ns
a
T = <25ns
a
T = <100ns
a
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 51 200 T1 + T2 CE
T2 CET2 CE T2 CET2 CE
40T2 40T2 40T2 40GT2

PE
N N N N

MV Arrester T1 SPDs T2 SPDs T3 SPDs

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 8: ȀĮIJȘȖȠȡȓİȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȖȚĮ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ IV ȑȦȢ țĮȚ ǿ

Figure 8: Categories of surge protective devices used to protect equipment of overvoltage category IV up to I

10
 ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES A
ȀĮIJȘȖȠȡȓİȢ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȫȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ Categories of power surge protective devices

ȈȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJȠ ʌȡȩIJȣʌȠ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 61643 - 11 ȠȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ According to the standard EN 61643 - 11 the surge protective devices
İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȫȞ įȚțIJȪȦȞ ȤĮ—ȘȜȒȢ IJȐıİȦȢ ȤȦȡȓȗȠȞIJĮȚ ıİ IJȡİȚȢ which are connected to a low voltage system are separated into three
țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓİȢ. categories.

1Ș Type 1 (T1) - Class I, ʌȡȦIJİȪȠȣıĮ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ 1st Type 1 (T1) - Class I, primary protection against lightning current,
ȡİȪ—Į, Iimp (10/350—s) Iimp (10/350—s)
2 ȉype 2 (T2) - Class II, secondary protection against surge current,
nd
2Ș ȉype 2 (T2) - Class II, įİȣIJİȡİȪȠȣıĮ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȩ
ȡİȪ—Į, Imax (8/20—s) Imax (8/20—s)
3 ȉype 3 (T3) - Class IǿI, fine protection against surge currents, Isc
Ș rd
3 ȉype 3 (T3) - Class IǿI, ȜİʌIJȒ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȩ ȡİȪ—Į, Isc
(8/20—s) țĮȚ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ, Uoc (1.2/50—s) (8/20—s) and surge overvoltages, Uoc (1.2/50—s)

ȅȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ȉ1 İȖțĮșȓıIJĮȞIJĮȚ ıȣȞȒșȦȢ ıIJȘȞ İȓıȠįȠ IJȘȢ T1 surge protective devices are mainly installed at the entry point of
İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ (ʌ.Ȥ. ȖİȞȚțȩȢ ʌȓȞĮțĮȢ ʌĮȡȠȤȒȢ) ıIJĮ ȩȡȚĮ IJȦȞ ȗȦȞȫȞ the electrical installation into a structure (i.e. main switchboard) at the
LPZ 0ǹ - LPZ 1 Ȓ LPZ 0Ǻ - LPZ 1, ʌȡȠıijȑȡȠȞIJĮȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ borders between LPZ 0ǹ - LPZ 1 or LPZ 0Ǻ - LPZ 1 providing
țİȡĮȣȞȚțȐ ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ (10/350—s) țĮȚ ȑȤȠȞIJĮȢ ıIJȐș—Ș ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ (Up) protection against lightning currents (10/350—s) having a voltage
—ȚțȡȩIJİȡȘ Įʌȩ 4kV ʌĮȡȑȤȠȞIJĮȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıİ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ protection level (Up) lower than 4kV protecting equipment of
III țĮȚ IV (ȕȜ. ǼȚțȩȞĮ 8). overvoltage category III and IV (see Figure 8).

ȅȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ȉ2 İȖțĮșȓıIJĮȞIJĮȚ ıȣȞȒșȦȢ ıİ įȚȐijȠȡĮ țȠ—ȕȚțȐ ıȘ—İȓĮ T2 surge protective devices are installed at main node points of the
IJȘȢ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ (ʌ.Ȥ. ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțİȢ) ıIJĮ ȩȡȚĮ IJȦȞ ȗȦȞȫȞ LPZ 1 - LPZ 2, electrical installation (i.e. secondary switchboards) at the borders
ʌȡȠıijȑȡȠȞIJĮȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȐ ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ (8/20—s) țĮȚ ȑȤȠȞIJĮȢ between LPZ 1 - LPZ 2, providing protection against surge currents
ıIJȐș—Ș ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ (Up) —ȚțȡȩIJİȡȘ Įʌȩ 2,5kV ʌĮȡȑȤȠȞIJĮȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ (8/20—s) having a voltage protection (Up) level lower than 2,5kV
ıİ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ II ( ȕȜ. ǼȚțȩȞĮ 8). protecting equipment of overvoltage category II (see Figure 8).

ȅȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ȉ3 İȖțĮșȓıIJĮȞIJĮȚ ĮȞİȟĮȡIJȒIJȠȣ ȗȫȞȘȢ ĮțȡȚȕȫȢ ʌȡȚȞ Įʌȩ T3 surge protective devices are installed independently of the zone
IJȘȞ İȓıȠįȠ —ȚĮȢ İȣĮȓıșȘIJȘȢ ıȣıțİȣȒȢ ʌȠȣ ʌİȡȚȑȤİȚ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȐ boundaries. Their installation point is as near as possible to the under
țȣțȜȫ—ĮIJĮ (ʌ.Ȥ. ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȠȓ ȣʌȠȜȠȖȚıIJȑȢ, PLC țIJȜ), ʌȡȠıijȑȡȠȞIJĮȢ protection equipment which contains electronic circuits (i.e. PC, PLC,
ȜİʌIJȒ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȐ ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ (8/20—s) țĮȚ ȑȤȠȞIJĮȢ etc) providing fine protection against both surge currents (8/20—s) and
ıIJȐș—Ș ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ (Up) —ȚțȡȩIJİȡȘ Įʌȩ 1,5kV ʌĮȡȑȤȠȞIJĮȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ surge voltages having a voltage protection level (Up) lower than 1,5kV
ıİ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ țĮIJȘȖȠȡȓĮȢ I. ǹʌĮȡĮȓIJȘIJȘ ʌȡȠȨʌȩșİıȘ ȖȚĮ IJȘ ıȦıIJȒ protecting equipment of overvoltage category I. T3 surge protective
ȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮ IJȦȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ3 İȓȞĮȚ ȞĮ ʌȡȠȘȖȠȪȞIJĮȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ȉ2 devices should always be installed at least after at least T2 surge
IJȠȣȜȐȤȚıIJȠȞ (ȕȜ. ǼȚțȩȞĮ 8). protector (see Figure 8).

Ǿ ȕĮıȚțȒ įȚĮijȠȡȐ —İIJĮȟȪ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ1, ȉ2 țĮȚ ȉ3 İȓȞĮȚ ȩIJȚ ȠȚ ȉ1 The basic difference between the T1, T2 and T3 SPDs is that T1 SPDs
ȑȤȠȣȞ IJȘȞ ȚțĮȞȩIJȘIJĮ İțijȩȡIJȚıȘȢ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȫȞ ȡİȣ—ȐIJȦȞ țȣ—ĮIJȠ- are capable to discharge lightning currents of a waveshape 10/350—s
—ȠȡijȒȢ 10/350—s İȞȫ ȠȚ ȉ2 țĮȚ ȉ3 İțijȠȡIJȓȗȠȣȞ —ȩȞȠ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȐ instead T2 and T3 are only able to discharge surge currents of a
ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ țȣ—ĮIJȠ—ȠȡijȒȢ 8/20—s. H įȚĮijȠȡȐ IJȦȞ įȪȠ țȣ—ĮIJȠ—ȠȡijȫȞ waveshape of 8/20—s. The main difference between the two
ijĮȓȞİIJĮȚ ıIJȘȞ ǼȚțȩȞĮ 9 țĮȚ İȓȞĮȚ ıIJȠ ijȠȡIJȓȠ țĮȚ ıIJȘȞ İȞȑȡȖİȚĮ. waveshapes is illustrated in Figure 9.

1kA, 10/350—s ˜ 25kA, 8/20—s

100

90 T1
25kA (10/350—s)
80
16 ijȠȡȑȢ ʌȚȠ ȚıȤȣȡȩ
ȇİȪ—Į / Current (kA)

70 16 times more powerful

60
10/350—s
50
T2
40kA (8/20—s)
40

30

20
8/20—s
10

0
0 250—s 500—s 750—s 1000—s 1250—s 1500—s
ȋȡȩȞȠȢ / Time (—s)

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 9: ¨ȚĮijȠȡȑȢ țȣ—ĮIJȠ—ȠȡijȫȞ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȫȞ ȡİȣ—ȐIJȦȞ 10/350—s țĮȚ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȡİȣ—ȐIJȦȞ 8/20—s
Figure 9: Differences between lightning current waveshape 10/350—s and surge current waveshape 8/20—s

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A ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES

ǼʌȚȜȠȖȒ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȫȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ Selection of power surge protective devices
Ǿ İʌȚȜȠȖȒ țĮȚ Ș ĮȞĮȖțĮȚȩIJȘIJĮ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ The selection and the necessity of installing surge protective devices
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ ʌȡȠțȪʌIJİȚ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ İțIJȓ—ȘıȘ țĮȚ IJȘȞ įȚĮȤİȓȡȚıȘ IJȠȣ arrives after performing the risk management according to the
țȚȞįȪȞȠȣ ȩʌȦȢ ʌİȡȚȖȡȐijİȚ IJȠ ʌȡȩIJȣʌȠ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305 - 2, 2010. standard EN / IEC 62305 - 2, 2010. Due to the careful and detailed
ȁȩȖȦ IJȘȢ ȚįȚĮȓIJİȡȘȢ ĮȞȐȜȣıȘȢ ʌȠȣ ĮʌĮȚIJİȓIJĮȚ ıIJȘ ıȣȞȑȤİȚĮ įȓȞİIJĮȚ study that it is required the following examples just give an indication
—ȩȞȠ —ȚĮ İȞįİȚțIJȚțȒ —İșȠįȠȜȠȖȓĮ İțIJȓ—ȘıȘȢ IJȦȞ ĮʌĮȡĮȓIJȘIJȦȞ of the necessary surge protective devices as well as their installation
ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țĮșȫȢ İʌȓıȘȢ țĮȚ IJȠȣ ıȘ—İȓȠȣ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȒȢ IJȠȣȢ. point.
ȆİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ ǹ: ȀĮIJĮıțİȣȒ ʌȠȣ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ ıȪıIJȘ—Į İȟȦIJİȡȚțȒȢ Case A: Structure having an external lightning protection system
ĮȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢȠȞʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ. installed.
ǹʌĮȚIJȠȪȞIJĮȚ: 1 İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ1 ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ, 2ȠȞ İȖțĮ- Requires: 1st installation of T1 SPDs at the main distribution board, 2nd
IJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ2 ıİ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțİȢ țĮȚ 3ȠȞ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ installation of T2 SPDs at secondary distribution boards and 3rd
ȉ3 ʌȡȚȞ IJȘȞ İȓıȠįȠ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȫȞ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ (ȕȜ. ǼȚțȩȞĮ 10ǹ). installation of ȉ3 SPDs at the entrance of equipment containing
electronic circuits (see Figure 10A).
ȆİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ Ǻ: ȀĮIJĮıțİȣȒ Ș ȠʌȠȓĮ įİȞ ȑȤİȚ ıȪıIJȘ—Į İȟȦIJİȡȚțȒȢ
ĮȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ĮȜȜȐ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞĮ ĮȖȫȖȚ—Į Case B: Structure not having an external lightning protection system
įȓțIJȣĮ (ʌ.Ȥ. İȞĮȑȡȚĮ ʌĮȡȠȤȒ ¨ǼǾ Ȓ ȅȉǼ) İțIJİșİȚ—ȑȞĮ ıİ Ȑ—İıȠ installed but having incoming conductive services (i.e. overhead
țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į. ǹʌĮȚIJȠȪȞIJĮȚ: 1ȠȞ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ1 ıIJȠ electric or telecom lines) exposed to direct lightning strike .
ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ, 2ȠȞ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ2 ıİ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțİȢ țĮȚ 3ȠȞ Requires: 1st installation of T1 SPDs at the main distribution board, 2nd
İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ3 ʌȡȚȞ IJȘȞ İȓıȠįȠ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȫȞ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ installation of T2 SPDs at secondary distribution boards and 3rd
(ȕȜ. ǼȚțȩȞĮ 10Ǻ). installation of ȉ3 SPDs at the entrance of equipment containing
electronic circuits (see Figure 10B).
ȆİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ ī: ȀĮIJĮıțİȣȒ Ș ȠʌȠȓĮ įİȞ ȑȤİȚ ȠȪIJİ ıȪıIJȘ—Į İȟȦIJİȡȚțȒȢ
ĮȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ĮȜȜȐ ȠȪIJİ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞĮ ĮȖȫȖȚ—Į Case C: Structure neither having an external lightning protection
įȓțIJȣĮ İțIJİșİȚ—ȑȞĮ ıİ Ȑ—İıȠ țİȡĮȣȞȚțȩ ʌȜȒȖ—Į. ǹʌĮȚIJȠȪȞIJĮȚ: 1ȠȞ system installed or incoming conductive services (i.e. overhead
İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ2 ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ țĮȚ 2ȠȞ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ electric or telecom lines) exposed to direct lightning strike.
ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ3 ʌȡȚȞ IJȘȞ İȓıȠįȠ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȫȞ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ (ȕȜ. Requires: 1st installation of T2 SPDs at the main distribution board, 2nd
ǼȚțȩȞĮ10C). installation of ȉ3 SPDs at the entrance of equipment containing
electronic circuits (see Figure10C).
Ȉİ ȩȜİȢ IJȚȢ ĮȞȦIJȑȡȦ ʌİȡȚʌIJȫıİȚȢ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ İțIJȚ—Șșİȓ Ƞ ĮʌĮȡĮȓIJȘIJȠȢ
ıȣȞIJȠȞȚı—ȩȢ —İIJĮȟȪ IJȦȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ. In all the above case studies co-ordination between the surge protective
devices should be considered.

ȉ1 ȉ2 ȉ3

ǼȐȞ ȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȐ

ȀĮIJĮıțİȣȒ —İ İȟȦIJİȡȚțȩ ȈǹȆ
If fine protection is required
Structure with external LPS

ȉ3

ǼȐȞ ȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȐ

ȀĮIJĮıțİȣȒ —İ İȞĮȑȡȚĮ ʌĮȡȠȤȒ ȤȦȡȓȢ ȈǹȆ
If fine protection is required
Structure withȠut external LPS but with overhead supply

ȉ3

¨İȞ ĮʌĮȚIJȠȪȞIJĮȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ȉ1

T1 SPDs are not required

ȀĮIJĮıțİȣȒ —İ ȣʌȩȖİȚĮ ʌĮȡȠȤȒ ȤȦȡȓȢ ȈǹȆ ǼȐȞ ȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȐ

Structure with underground supply or without external LPS If fine protection is required

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 10: ǼʌȚȜȠȖȒ țĮȚ ıȘ—İȓĮ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȫȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ
Figure 10: Selection and installation of power surge protective devices

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 ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES A
ȈȘ—İȓĮ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȫȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ Installation points of power surge protective devices
țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ
The installation of surge protective devices depends on the electrical
ȉĮ ıȘ—İȓĮ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ IJȦȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ İȟ- installation of the structure as well as on the under protection
ĮȡIJȫȞIJĮȚ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȠȖȚțȒ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ IJȘȢ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ equipment. Due to the careful and detailed study that it is required the
țĮIJĮıțİȣȒȢ țĮșȫȢ țĮȚ Įʌȩ IJȚȢ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ IJȘȢ țĮIJĮ- following examples just give an indication of the necessary surge
ıțİȣȒȢ. ȁȩȖȦ IJȘȢ ȚįȚĮȓIJİȡȘȢ ĮȞȐȜȣıȘȢ ʌȠȣ ĮʌĮȚIJİȓIJĮȚ ıIJȘ ıȣȞȑȤİȚĮ protective devices as well as their installation point.
įȓȞİIJĮȚ —ȩȞȠ —ȚĮ İȞįİȚțIJȚțȒ —İșȠįȠȜȠȖȓĮ İțIJȓ—ȘıȘȢ IJȦȞ ĮʌĮȡĮȓIJȘIJȦȞ
ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țĮșȫȢ İʌȓıȘȢ țĮȚ IJȠȣ ıȘ—İȓȠȣ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȒȢ IJȠȣȢ. Case A: A structure that contains an electrical installation, which the
total cabling length does not exceed 10m. Then by installing all the
ȆİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ ǹ: Ǿ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ —ȚĮ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȠȖȚțȒ İȖțĮIJȐ- three types of SPDs, T1 + T2 + T3 in the main distribution panel
ıIJĮıȘ Ș ȠʌȠȓĮ ıȣȞȠȜȚțȐ IJȠ —ȑȖȚıIJȠ —ȒțȠȢ IJȘȢ țĮȜȦįȓȦıȘȢ įİȞ ȟİ- considering an appropriate co-ordination between them, then no
ʌİȡȞȐ IJĮ 10m. ȉȩIJİ İȖțĮșȚıIJȫȞIJĮȢ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ țĮȚ IJȠȣȢ IJȡİȚȢ additional protection is needed.
IJȪʌȠȣȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ȉ1 + ȉ2 + ȉ3 —İ IJȘȞ ʌȡȠȨʌȩșİıȘ ȩIJȚ İȓȞĮȚ ıȦıIJȐ Case B: A structure that contains an electrical installation, which the
ıȣȞIJȠȞȚı—ȑȞȠȚ įİȞ ĮʌĮȚIJİȓIJĮȚ İʌȚʌȡȩıșİIJȘ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ. total cabling length does not exceed 20m. Then by installing T1 + T2
ȆİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ Ǻ: Ǿ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ —ȚĮ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȠȖȚțȒ İȖțĮIJȐ- SPDs in the main distribution panel and additional T3 SPDs in the
ıIJĮıȘ Ș ȠʌȠȓĮ ıȣȞȠȜȚțȐ IJȠ —ȑȖȚıIJȠ —ȒțȠȢ IJȘȢ țĮȜȦįȓȦıȘȢ įİȞ ȟİ- secondary distribution panel assuming that the cabling distances
ʌİȡȞȐ IJĮ 20m. ȉȩIJİ İȖțĮșȚıIJȫȞIJĮȢ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩ ȉ1 + between the secondary panel and the electronic equipment does not
ȉ2 țĮȚ ıIJȠȞ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțĮ ȉ3 —İ IJȘȞ ʌȡȠȨʌȩșİıȘ ȩIJȚ ȠȚ țĮȜȦįȚĮțȑȢ ĮʌȠ- exceed 10m in length then no additional protection is needed.
ıIJȐıİȚȢ Įʌȩ IJȠȞ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțĮ ȑȦȢ IJȚȢ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȑȢ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ įİȞ ȟİʌİȡ- Case C: A structure that contains an electrical installation, which the
ȞȠȪȞ IJĮ 10m (H/Y & ʌȓȞĮțĮȢ ĮȣIJȠ—ĮIJȚı—ȠȪ Ǿ/ǽ) įİȞ ĮʌĮȚIJİȓIJĮȚ İʌȚ- total cabling length does exceed 20m assuming that the cabling
ʌȡȩıșİIJȘ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ. distances between the secondary panel and the electronic equipment
ȆİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ ī: Ǿ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ —ȚĮ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȠȖȚțȒ İȖțĮIJȐ- does not exceed 10m in length then by installing T1 + T2 SPDs in the
ıIJĮıȘ Ș ȠʌȠȓĮ ıȣȞȠȜȚțȐ IJȠ —ȑȖȚıIJȠ —ȒțȠȢ IJȘȢ țĮȜȦįȓȦıȘȢ ȟİʌİȡȞȐ main distribution panel and additional T2 + T3 SPDs in the secondary
IJĮ 20m șİȦȡȫȞIJĮȢ ȩIJȚ ȠȚ țĮȜȦįȚĮțȑȢ ĮʌȠıIJȐıİȚȢ Įʌȩ IJȠȞ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțĮ distribution panel no additional protection is needed.
ȑȦȢ IJȚȢ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȑȢ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ įİȞ ȟİʌİȡȞȠȪȞ IJĮ 10m. ȉȩIJİ İȖțĮșȚ- Case D: A structure that contains an electrical installation, which the
ıIJȫȞIJĮȢ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩ ȉ1 + ȉ2 țĮȚ ıIJȠȞ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțĮ ȉ2 + total cabling length does exceed 20m assuming that the cabling
ȉ3 įİȞ ĮʌĮȚIJİȓIJĮȚ İʌȚʌȡȩıșİIJȘ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ. distances between the secondary panel and the electronic equipment in

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A ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES

ȆİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ ¨: Ǿ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ —ȚĮ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȠȖȚțȒ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮ- some cases does exceed 10m in length then by installing T1 + T2 SPDs
ıȘ Ș ȠʌȠȓĮ ıȣȞȠȜȚțȐ IJȠ —ȑȖȚıIJȠ —ȒțȠȢ IJȘȢ țĮȜȦįȓȦıȘȢ ȟİʌİȡȞȐ IJĮ in the main distribution panel, T2 + T3 SPDs in the secondary
20m șİȦȡȫȞIJĮȢ ȩIJȚ ȠȚ țĮȜȦįȚĮțȑȢ ĮʌȠıIJȐıİȚȢ Įʌȩ IJȠȞ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțĮ ȑȦȢ distribution panel and additional T3 SPDs in selective electronic
IJȚȢ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȑȢ ıȣıțİȣȑȢ ıİ —İȡȚțȑȢ ʌİȡȚʌIJȫıİȚȢ ȟİʌİȡȞȠȪȞ IJĮ 10m. equipment, for which the cable length up to the secondary panel does
ȉȩIJİ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ İȖțĮIJĮıIJĮșİȓ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩȢ ȉ1 +ȉ2, exceed the 10m.
ıIJȠȞ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțĮ ȉ2+ȉ3 țĮȚ İʌȚʌȡȩıșİIJȠȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩȢ ȉ3 İʌȚȜİțIJȚțȐ ıİ Case E: Ideal protection scheme independent of the cabling distances,
țȐșİ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȒ ıȣıțİȣȒ ʌȠȣ ȟİʌİȡȞȐ IJĮ 10m țĮȜȦįȚĮțȒȢ ĮʌȩıIJĮ- in the main distribution panel T1 + T2 SPDs, in the secondary
ıȘȢ Įʌȩ IJȠȞ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțĮ. distribution panel T2 SPDs and T3 SPDs next to each electronic
ȆİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ Ǽ: ǿįĮȞȚțȒ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ĮȞİȟĮȡIJȒIJȠȣ ĮʌȠıIJȐıİȦȞ, ıIJȠ equipment.
ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩȢ ȉ1+ ȉ2, ıIJȠȞ ȣʌȠʌȓȞĮțĮ ȉ2 țĮȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩȢ ȉ3
ıİ țȐșİ ȘȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȒ ıȣıțİȣȒ.

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 ÁÐÁÃÙÃÏÉ ÊÑÏÕÓÔÉÊÙÍ ÕÐÅÑÔÁÓÅÙÍ SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES A
ǼʌȚȜȠȖȒ IJȘȜİʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȚĮțȫȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ Selection of data surge protective devices
ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ
The selection of data surge protective devices depends on the signal
Ǿ İʌȚȜȠȖȒ IJȦȞ IJȘȜİʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȚĮțȫȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ İȟĮȡIJȐIJĮȚ Įʌȩ IJȠ İȓįȠȢ that the SPD is connected through. In brief the selection criteria are:
IJȠȣ ıȒ—ĮIJȠȢ ʌȠȣ ıȣȞįȑİIJĮȚ o ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩȢ. ȆİȡȚȜȘʌIJȚțȐ IJĮ țȡȚIJȒȡȚĮ
İʌȚȜȠȖȒȢ İȓȞĮȚ: Telecom signals: Type of telecom line (PSTN, ISDN, DSL)

ȉȘȜİijȦȞȚțȐ ıȒ—ĮIJĮ: ǼȓįȠȢ ȖȡĮ——ȒȢ (PSTN, ISDN, DSL), ʌȜȒșȠȢ Analogue and digital signals: Frequency of the signal (Hz), voltage (V)
ȗİȣȖȫȞ. and current (A) of the signal

ǹȞĮȜȠȖȚțȐ țĮȚ ȥȘijȚĮțȐ ıȒ—ĮIJĮ: ȈȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮ ıȒ—ĮIJȠȢ (Hz), IJȐıȘ (V) High frequency - RF signals: Frequency of the signal (Hz), power of
țĮȚ ȑȞIJĮıȘ (A) ıȒ—ĮIJȠȢ. the signal (W), connector type (N, BNC etc), surge impedance of the
cable (50Ÿ, 75Ÿ etc)
ȊȥȘȜȫȞ ȡĮįȚȠıȣȤȞȠIJȒIJȦȞ: ȈȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮ ıȒ—ĮIJȠȢ (Hz), ȚıȤȪȢ ıȒ—ĮIJȠȢ
(W), IJİȡ—ĮIJȚțȩȢ ĮțȡȠįȑțIJȘȢ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ (N, BNC țIJȜ), țȣ—ĮIJȚțȒ
ĮȞIJȓıIJĮıȘ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ (50Ÿ, 75Ÿ țIJȜ)

DzȟȠįȠȢ / Output ǼȓıȠįȠȢ / Input

(EQUIP) (LINE)
ȂȚțȡȒ ĮʌȩıIJĮıȘ
Short Distance
PLC

GND

L3 L2
E2 E3 E1
EQUIP

LINE
L1
DATA SURGE PROTECTOR

ĬȦȡȐțȚıȘ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ
Cable Shield

L PE

SPD SPD
UC=275Vac UC=255Vac
In=5kA (8/20—s) In=10kA (8/20—s) ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȘ—ȐIJȦȞ —İIJĮijȠȡȐȢ įİįȠ—ȑȞȦȞ
Imax=10kA (8/20—s) Imax=20kA (8/20—s)
Up = <1.5kV
Ta = <25ns
Up = <1.3kV
Ta = <100ns
Surge protection of information technology systems
T3 CE T3 CE
10T3 20GT3

N N

ȁİʌIJȒ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȒȢ ʌĮȡȠȤȒȢ PLC

Fine surge protection of PLC

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 11: ǼʌȚȜȠȖȒ țĮȚ ıȘ—İȓĮ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȢ IJȘȜİʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȚĮțȫȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ
Figure 11: Selection and installation of data surge protective devices

ǼʌȚȜȠȖȒ ĮȖȦȖȫȞ ıȪȞįİıȘȢ ȖȚĮ IJȠȣȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȠȪ įȚțIJȪȠȣ ȕȐıİȚ IJȠȣ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305-4
Selection of connection conductor diameter of low voltage power surge protective devices according to EN 62305-4

ȉȪʌȠȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ / SPD type

ȉ1 ȉ2 ȉ3
ǼȜȐȤȚıIJȘ įȚĮIJȠ—Ȓ ĮȖȦȖȠȪ ıȪȞįİıȘȢ (ȤĮȜțȩȢ)
16 mm2 6 mm2 1,5 mm2
Minimum cross section of conductor (copper)
ȂȑȖȚıIJȘ įȚĮIJȠ—Ȓ ĮȖȦȖȠȪ ıȪȞįİıȘȢ1 (ȤĮȜțȩȢ)
35 mm2 35 mm2 35mm2
Maximum cross section of conductor1 (copper)
1 ǹijȠȡȐ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ ǼȁǼȂȀȅ ȖȚĮ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ıİ ȡȐȖĮ DIN - 3
1 For ELEMKO SPDs to be installed on DIN - 3 Rail
Ǿ İʌȚȜȠȖȒ IJȘȢ ĮıijȐȜİȚĮȢ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ȚțĮȞȠʌȠȚİȓ IJȚȢ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȚȢ IJȠȣ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ ĮȜȜȐ țĮȚ IJȠȣ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ ıȪȞįİıȘȢ ȩʌȦȢ ȠȡȓȗİȚ IJȠ Ǽȁȅȉ HD 384
The selection of the fuse shall satisfy the requirements for the SPD as well as for the connection conductor according to installation rules of the country that the SPD will be installed

15
A ǺǹȈǿȀǼȈ ȅ¨ǾīǿǼȈ ǼīȀǹȉǹȈȉǹȈǾȈ ǹȆǹīŸīŸȃ BASIC INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION OF SPDS

ȂȒțȠȢ țĮȚ ȩįİȣıȘ ĮȖȦȖȠȪ ȖİȓȦıȘȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ Length and path of SPDs earthing conductor

Ǿ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ IJȦȞ İȞİȡȖİȚĮțȫȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ The installation of the power SPDs in the distribution panel shall be
ȞĮ ʌȡĮȖ—ĮIJȠʌȠȚİȓIJĮȚ —İ ȩıȠ IJȠ įȣȞĮIJȩȞ —ȚțȡȩIJİȡĮ —ȒțȘ ĮȖȦȖȫȞ, performed with short connection wires. According to EN 62305-4 the
ıȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJȠ ʌȡȩIJȣʌȠ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305- 4. ȉȠ ȚįĮȞȚțȩ —ȒțȠȢ ĮȖȦ- appropriate connection wires shall not exceed the 0.5m in length.
ȖȫȞ ȖȚĮ IJȘ ıȪȞįİıȘ IJȦȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ įİȞ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ȟİʌİȡȞȐ IJȠ —Țıȩ Large loops especially by the PE conductor shall be avoided.
—ȑIJȡȠ. ǺȡȩȤȠȚ țĮȜȦįȓȦȞ —İȖȐȜȠȣ —ȒțȠȣȢ țĮȚ ȚįȚĮȓIJİȡĮ IJȠȣ ĮȖȦȖȠȪ Additionally the impression that the earthing conductor of the SPDs
ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ĮʌȠijİȪȖȠȞIJĮȚ țĮșȫȢ ȣʌȐȡȤİȚ Ș ĮʌȩȜȣIJĮ ȜĮȞ- shall be completely independent from the PE conductor or the
șĮı—ȑȞȘ ĮȞIJȓȜȘȥȘ ȩIJȚ Ƞ ĮȖȦȖȩȢ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ʌȠȣ ıȣȞįȑİIJĮȚ ıIJȠȣȢ equipotential bonding bar of the panel is completely wrong.
ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ȠįİȪİȚ ĮȞİȟȐȡIJȘIJĮ ıIJȠȞ țȪȡȚȠ ȗȣȖȩ ȖİȓȦıȘȢ,
ʌȡȐȖ—Į ʌȠȣ ıȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJĮ ȚıȤȪȠȞIJĮ ʌȡȩIJȣʌĮ İȓȞĮȚ ȜȐșȠȢ.

ȆȡȠȢ ȀĮIJĮȞĮȜȫıİȚȢ
To Loads

RCD

8899kWhr

L L L PE

;
SPD SPD SPD SPD
U C = 275Vac U C = 275Vac UC = 275Vac U C = 255Vac
U p = <1,9kV U p = <1,9kV Up = <1,9kV U p = <4kV
I imp = 25kA (10/350—s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350 —s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350— s) I imp = 100kA (10/350—s)
I max = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20 —s)
Ta = <25ns Ta = <25ns Ta = <25ns Ta = <100ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 51 200 T1 + T2 CE

N N N N

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 12: ǼȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ȤȡȘıȚ—ȠʌȠȚȫȞIJĮȢ IJȠ ȕȑȜIJȚıIJȠ —ȒțȠȢ ĮȖȦȖȫȞ ıȪȞįİıȘȢ țĮȚ țȠȚȞȩ ĮȖȦȖȩ
ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ —İIJĮȟȪ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țĮȚ IJȠʌȚțȠȪ ȗȣȖȠȪ ȖİȓȦıȘȢ ȖİȞȚțȠȪ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ȈŸȈȉȅ
Figure 12: Installation of power SPDs in the distribution panel by using the minimum required connection wire and having common bonding bar between the PE
conductor and the earthing conductor of the SPDs CORRECT

ȆȡȠȢ ȀĮIJĮȞĮȜȫıİȚȢ
To Loads

RCD

8899kWhr

L L L PE

:
SPD SPD SPD SPD
U C = 275Vac U C = 275Vac UC = 275Vac U C = 255Vac
U p = <1,9kV U p = <1,9kV Up = <1,9kV U p = <4kV
I imp = 25kA (10/350—s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350 —s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350— s) I imp = 100kA (10/350—s)
I max = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20 —s)
Ta = <25ns Ta = <25ns Ta = <25ns Ta = <100ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 51 200 T1 + T2 CE

N N N N

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 13: ǼȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ȤȡȘıȚ—ȠʌȠȚȫȞIJĮȢ ĮȞİȟȐȡIJȘIJȠ ĮȖȦȖȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ȖȚĮ IJȠȣȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ ȁǹĬȅȈ

Figure 13: Installation of power SPDs in the distribution panel by using long connection wire and independent from the PE conductor WRONG

16
ǺǹȈǿȀǼȈ ȅ¨ǾīǿǼȈ ǼīȀǹȉǹȈȉǹȈǾȈ ǹȆǹīŸīŸȃ BASIC INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION OF SPDS A
ȀȠȚȞȩ ıȪıIJȘ—Į ȖİȓȦıȘȢ Common earthing system

ȈȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJĮ ȞȑĮ İșȞȚțȐ țĮȚ İȣȡȦʌĮȧțȐ ʌȡȩIJȣʌĮ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305- According to the EN 62305-3 from the lightning and surge protection
3 ȖȚĮ ĮʌȠIJİȜİı—ĮIJȚțȒ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȑȢ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȚȢ, șĮ point of view a common and single integrated earthing system is
ʌȡȑʌİȚ —ȚĮ țĮIJĮȞȐȜȦıȘ ȞĮ ȑȤİȚ ȑȞĮ İȞȚĮȓȠ / țȠȚȞȩ ıȪıIJȘ—Į ȖİȓȦıȘȢ. preferable and is suitable for all purposes (i.e. safety earthing,
ǹȣIJȩ ıȘ—ĮȓȞİȚ ȩIJȚ İȐȞ —ȚĮ țĮIJĮȞȐȜȦıȘ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ ȑȞĮ ıȪıIJȘ—Į ȖİȓȦıȘȢ lightning protection earthing, telecommunication earthing).
Įʌȩ IJȘȞ ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒ ʌĮȡȠȤȒ, ȑȞĮ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ IJȘȜİijȦȞȚțȒ ʌĮȡȠȤȒ țĮȚ Įʌȩ
IJȘȞ ĮȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ, șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ İȓȞĮȚ ȩȜĮ ȚıȠįȣȞĮ—ȚțȐ
ıȣȞįİįİ—ȑȞĮ

???

8899kWhr

;
SURGE PROTECTION

Arrester is operational when green

light is on

īİȓȦıȘ ¨ǼǾ

īİȓȦıȘ ǹȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ

īİȓȦıȘ ȅȉǼ

OTE
SURGE PROTECTION
Arrester is operational when green

light is on

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 14: ǿıȠįȣȞĮ—ȚțȐ İȞȚĮȓĮ ıȣıIJȒ—ĮIJĮ ȖİȚȫıİȦȞ ȈŸȈȉȅ

Figure 14: Common earthing system CORRECT

???

8899kWhr

:
SURGE PROTECTION

Arrester is operational when green

light is on

īİȓȦıȘ ¨ǼǾ

īİȓȦıȘ ǹȞIJȚțİȡĮȣȞȚțȒȢ

īİȓȦıȘ ȅȉǼ

OTE
SURGE PROTECTION
Arrester is operational when green

light is on

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 15: ǹȞİȟȐȡIJȘIJĮ ıȣıIJȒ—ĮIJĮ ȖİȚȫıİȦȞ ȁǹĬȅȈ

Figure 15: Independent earthing systems WRONG

17
A ǺǹȈǿȀǼȈ ȅ¨ǾīǿǼȈ ǼīȀǹȉǹȈȉǹȈǾȈ ǹȆǹīŸīŸȃ BASIC INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION OF SPDS

ǹʌȩıIJĮıȘ —İIJĮȟȪ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ țĮȚ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȒȢ Distance between SPD and under protection equipment

ȈȪ—ijȦȞĮ —İ IJĮ ȞȑĮ İșȞȚțȐ țĮȚ İȣȡȦʌĮȧțȐ ʌȡȩIJȣʌĮ Ǽȁȅȉ Ǽȃ 62305- According to EN 62305-4 the efficiency of a surge protective device is
4 ȑȞĮȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩȢ ȖȚĮ ȞĮ ȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȒıİȚ ĮʌȠIJİȜİı—ĮIJȚțȐ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ also relevant to the distance between the SPD and the under protection
İȓȞĮȚ țȠȞIJȐ ıIJȘȞ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȒ. ŸȢ —ȑȖȚıIJȘ ĮʌȩıIJĮıȘ IJĮ equipment. As a maximum distance the standard defines the 10m. For
ʌȡȩIJȣʌĮ ȠȡȓȗȠȣȞ IJĮ 10 —ȑIJȡĮ. ȉȠ ȓįȚȠ ȚıȤȪİȚ țĮȚ ȖȚĮ IJȠȞ ĮȖȦȖȩ a distance longer than 10m then an additional SPD shall be installed.
ȖİȓȦıȘȢ IJȠȣ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ, Ƞ ȠʌȠȓȠȢ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ țĮIJĮȜȒȖİȚ ıIJȘȞ ȣʌȩ The ideal distance is up to 0.5m.
ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȒ (țȠȚȞȩȢ —İ IJȠȞ ĮȖȦȖȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ ȇǼ) —İ ȩıȠ IJȠ
įȣȞĮIJȩȞ —ȚțȡȩIJİȡȠ —ȒțȠȢ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ (0,5m ȚįĮȞȚțȩ —ȒțȠȢ)

0.5m

SURGE PROTECTION

Arrester is operational when green

;
light is on

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 16: ǹʌȩıIJĮıȘ —İIJĮȟȪ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ țĮȚ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȒȢ <10m (0,5m ȚįĮȞȚțȩ) ȈŸȈȉȅ

Figure 16: Distance between SPD and under protection equipment < 10m (0,5m ideal) CORRECT

>10m

SURGE PROTECTION

Arrester is operational when green

light is on

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 17: ǹʌȩıIJĮıȘ —İIJĮȟȪ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ țĮȚ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȒȢ > 10m ȁǹĬȅȈ

Figure 17: Distance between SPD and under protection equipment > 10m WRONG

18
ǺǹȈǿȀǼȈ ȅ¨ǾīǿǼȈ ǼīȀǹȉǹȈȉǹȈǾȈ ǹȆǹīŸīŸȃ BASIC INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION OF SPDS A
ǼʌȚȜȠȖȒ ĮıijĮȜȚıIJȚțȠȪ —ȑıȠȣ ȖȚĮ IJȠȣȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ Selection of overcurrent protection of SPDs
țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ
The use of an overcurrent protection device for the protection of the
Ǿ ȤȡȒıȘ ĮıijĮȜİȚȫȞ ȖȚĮ IJȘȞ ĮȣIJȠʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ IJȠȣ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ ĮȜȜȐ țĮȚ end of life of the SPD as well as for the connection wire is a
ȖȚĮ IJȠȣ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ ıȪȞįİıȘȢ İȓȞĮȚ —ȚĮ ȕĮıȚțȒ ĮʌĮȓIJȘıȘ IJȠȣ ʌȡȩIJȣʌȠȣ requirement even by the installation rules. However the overcurrent
Ǽȁȅȉ HD 384 (țȐșİ ĮȞĮȤȫȡȘıȘ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ İȓȞĮȚ ĮıijĮȜȚı—ȑȞȘ). protection device may limit the efficiency of the SPD since it should
ǹȣIJȩ ȩ—ȦȢ —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ —İȚȫıİȚ IJȘȞ ĮʌȩįȠıȘ IJȠȣ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ țĮșȫȢ Ș behave in an appropriate manner when discharging surge currents.
ĮıijĮȜȚıIJȚțȒ įȚȐIJĮȟȘ ʌȠȣ șĮ İʌȚȜİȖİȓ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ȑȤİȚ țĮȜȒ The best overcurrent device with respect to surge current discharge
ıȣ—ʌİȡȚijȠȡȐ ıIJȠ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȩ ȡİȪ—Į ʌȠȣ șĮ IJİșİȓ ȞĮ İțijȠȡIJȓıİȚ. Ǿ capability is the cartridge type fuse since it is constructed by a single
țĮȜȪIJİȡȘ ĮıijĮȜȚıIJȚțȒ įȚȐIJĮȟȘ ȖȚĮ ĮȞIJȠȤȒ ıİ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȐ ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ wide wire element of rather short length. In contrast the MCBs and the
İȓȞĮȚ Ș IJȘțIJȒ ĮıijȐȜİȚĮ țĮșȫȢ įȚĮșȑIJİȚ —Țțȡȩ —ȒțȠȢ ıȪȡ—ĮIJȠȢ RCDs, contain internal coils with rather long and thin wires and
—İȖȐȜȘȢ įȚĮIJȠ—ȒȢ ıİ ĮȞIJȓșİıȘ —İ IJȠȣȢ —ȚțȡȠĮȣIJȩ—ĮIJȠȣȢ țĮȚ IJĮ ȡİȜȑ therefore the surge discharge current capability is limited. Especially
ʌȠȣ įȚĮșȑIJȠȣȞ İıȦIJİȡȚțȐ ʌȘȞȓĮ IJĮ ȠʌȠȓĮ ȑȤȠȣȞ —İȖȐȜȠ —ȒțȠȢ the RCD, which is used for protection against electric shock the
ıȪȡ—ĮIJȠȢ, —ȚțȡȒȢ įȚĮIJȠ—ȒȢ țĮȚ įİȞ —ʌȠȡȠȪȞ ȞĮ ĮȞIJȑȟȠȣȞ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȐ internal circuitry is of vital importance and it should not be damaged.
ȡİȪ—ĮIJĮ —İȖȐȜȘȢ İȞIJȐıİȦȢ. ǼȚįȚțȐ IJȠ ȡİȜȑ IJȠȣ ȠʌȠȓȠȣ Ș ȤȡȒıȘ IJȠȣ Therefore in countries where the use of SPDs (at least for the primary
İȓȞĮȚ ȚįȚĮȓIJİȡĮ ıȘ—ĮȞIJȚțȒ ȖȚĮ IJȘȞ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ IJȘȢ ĮȞșȡȫʌȚȞȘȢ ȗȦȒȢ ıİ protection in the main distribution panel) before the RCD is allowed by
țĮ—ȓĮ ʌİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ įİȞ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ İȓȞĮȚ İȖțĮIJİıIJȘ—ȑȞȠ ʌȡȚȞ IJȠȣȢ the installation rules may be a good practice. Of course the use of
ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ (IJȠȣȜȐȤȚıIJȠȞ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ) țĮșȫȢ IJȠ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȩ MCBs or RCDs as overcurrent protection can not be claimed to be
ȡİȪ—Į —ʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ ĮȜȜȠȚȫıİȚ IJĮ ȤĮȡĮțIJȘȡȚıIJȚțȐ IJȠȣ țĮȚ İʌȠ—ȑȞȦȢ IJȘȞ wrong however, where this is allowed by the national electrical
ĮʌȠIJİȜİı—ĮIJȚțȩIJȘIJȐ IJȠȣ. Ǿ ȤȡȒıȘ —ȚțȡȠĮȣIJȩ—ĮIJȦȞ țĮȚ ȡİȜȑ ʌȡȑʌİȚ installation rules, SPDs are advised to be installed before any MCB or
ȞĮ ȖȓȞİIJĮȚ —İIJȐ IJȠȣȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ țȡȠȣıIJȚțȫȞ ȣʌİȡIJȐıİȦȞ țĮȚ ĮȣIJȩ RCD.
țȣȡȓȦȢ ȖȚĮ IJȘȞ ʌȡȦIJİȪȠȣıĮ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ. ȉĮ
ȤĮȡĮțIJȘȡȚıIJȚțȐ IJȘȢ ĮıijȐȜİȚĮȢ ʌȠȣ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ İʌȚȜİȖİȓ İȟĮȡIJȐIJĮȚ
Įʌȩ IJĮ IJİȤȞȚțȐ ȤĮȡĮțIJȘȡȚıIJȚțȐ IJȠȣ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ ĮȜȜȐ țĮȚ IJȠȣ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ
ıȪȞįİıȘȢ.

ȆȡȠȢ ȀĮIJĮȞĮȜȫıİȚȢ
To Loads

RCD

L L L PE

;
SPD SPD SPD SPD
U C = 275Vac U C = 275Vac UC = 275Vac U C = 255Vac
U p = <1,9kV U p = <1,9kV Up = <1,9kV U p = <4kV
I imp = 25kA (10/350—s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350—s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350— s) I imp = 100kA (10/350—s)
I max = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s)
Ta = <25ns Ta = <25ns Ta = <25ns Ta = <100ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE 68 51 200 T1 + T2 CE

N N N N

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 18: ȋȡȒıȘ IJȘțIJȫȞ ĮıijĮȜİȚȫȞ ʌȡȚȞ IJȠȣȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ȈŸȈȉȅ

Figure 18: Use of cartridge type fuses as an overcurrent protection of the SPDs in the main panel CORRECT

ȆȡȠȢ ȀĮIJĮȞĮȜȫıİȚȢ ȆȡȠȢ ȀĮIJĮȞĮȜȫıİȚȢ

To Loads To Loads

RCD

L L L PE L L L PE

SPD SPD SPD SPD SPD SPD SPD SPD

U C = 275Vac U C = 275Vac UC = 275Vac U C = 255Vac U C = 275Vac U C = 275Vac UC = 275Vac U C = 255Vac

:
U p = <1,9kV U p = <1,9kV Up = <1,9kV U p = <4kV U p = <1,9kV U p = <1,9kV Up = <1,9kV U p = <4kV
I imp = 25kA (10/350—s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350—s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350— s) I imp = 100kA (10/350—s) I imp = 25kA (10/350—s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350—s) Iimp = 25kA (10/350— s) I imp = 100kA (10/350—s)
I max = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) I max = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s) Imax = 200kA (8/20—s)
Ta = <25ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE
Ta = <25ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE
Ta = <25ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE
Ta = <100ns
68 51 200 T1 + T2 CE
RCD Ta = <25ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE
Ta = <25ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE
Ta = <25ns
68 50 200 T1 + T2 CE
Ta = <100ns
68 51 200 T1 + T2 CE

N N N N N N N N

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 19: ȋȡȒıȘ —ȚțȡȠĮȣIJȩ—ĮIJȦȞ Ȓ ȡİȜȑ ʌȡȚȞ IJȠȣȢ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪȢ ıIJȠ ȖİȞȚțȩ ʌȓȞĮțĮ ¨Ǽȃ ȈȊȃǿȈȉǹȉǹǿ

Figure 19: Use of MCB or RCD as an overcurrent protection of the SPDs in the main panel NOT ADVISED

19
A ǺǹȈǿȀǼȈ ȅ¨ǾīǿǼȈ ǼīȀǹȉǹȈȉǹȈǾȈ ǹȆǹīŸīŸȃ BASIC INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION OF SPDS

ȂȒțȠȢ ĮȖȦȖȠȪ ȖİȓȦıȘȢ DATA ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ Length of earthing conductor of DATA SPDs

ȅȚ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȓ ʌȠȣ ȤȡȘıȚ—ȠʌȠȚȠȪȞIJĮȚ ȖȚĮ IJȘȞ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ ʌȠȣ The SPDs used for DATA signal equipment shall be connected also to
ȑȤȠȣȞ İȚıİȡȤȩ—İȞĮ șȦȡĮțȚı—ȑȞĮ țĮȜȫįȚĮ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ the shield of the DATA cable. Also the DATA SPDs shall be installed at
IJȠʌȠșİIJȠȪȞIJĮȚ ıİ —ȚțȡȒ ĮʌȩıIJĮıȘ Įʌȩ IJȘȞ ȣʌȩ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȣıțİȣȒ a short distance - preferable less than 0.5m with the under protection
(ʌ.Ȥ. PLC) țĮȚ Ș șȦȡȐțȚıȘ IJȠȣ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ —İIJĮijȠȡȐȢ įİįȠ—ȑȞȦȞ șĮ equipment. Also the earthing wire of the SPD shall be short avoiding
ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ıȣȞįİșİȓ ıIJȠȞ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȩ. ȉȠ ȚįĮȞȚțȩ —ȒțȠȢ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ unnecessary loops.
—İIJĮȟȪ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ țĮȚ ıȣıțİȣȒȢ įİȞ șĮ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ ȣʌİȡȕĮȓȞİȚ IJȠ 0,5
—ȑIJȡȠ. ȉȠ ȓįȚȠ ȚıȤȪİȚ țĮȚ ȖȚĮ IJȠȞ ĮȖȦȖȩ IJȘȢ ȖİȓȦıȘȢ IJȠȣ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȠȪ.

DzȟȠįȠȢ / Output ǼȓıȠįȠȢ / Input

(EQUIP) (LINE)

GND

L3 L2
E2 E3 E1
EQUIP

LINE
L1
DATA SURGE PROTECTOR

ȀĮȜȫįȚȠ ıIJȠ —ȒțȠȢ ʌȠȣ ĮʌĮȚIJİȓIJĮȚ (<0,5 —ȑIJȡȠ)

;
Appropriate wire length (<0,5m)

DzȟȠįȠȢ / Output ǼȓıȠįȠȢ / Input

(EQUIP) (LINE)

GND
L3 L2
E2 E3 E1
EQUIP

LINE
L1

DATA SURGE PROTECTOR

ȆİȡȚııİȣȠȪ—İȞȠ —ȒțȠȢ țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ įİ—ȑȞȠ ıİ țȠȣȜȠȪȡĮ

țĮȚ ʌȚĮı—ȑȞȠ —İ įİ—ĮIJȚțȩ

:
Remaining wire length forming a coil

ǼȚțȩȞĮ 20: ǼȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ ĮʌĮȖȦȖȫȞ ıȘ—ȐIJȦȞ DATA

Figure 20: Installation principles of DATA SPDs

20
 ǼĭǹȇȂȅīǾ ǹȆǹīŸīŸȃ ȀȇȅȊȈȉǿȀŸȃ
ȊȆǼȇȉǹȈǼŸȃ ȈǼ ȅǿȀǿǹ
APPLICATION OF SPDs IN A
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
A

¨İȣIJİȡİȪȠȣıĮ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǾȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ ȈȣıțİȣȫȞ

Power Line Secondary Protection ȁİʌIJȒ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǾȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ ȈȣıțİȣȫȞ
Fine Protection of Equipment

2
3

ǼʌȚȜİțIJȚțȒ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǼȣĮȓıșȘIJȦȞ

¨İȣIJİȡİȪȠȣıĮ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǹȞșȡȫʌȦȞ & ǾȂ ǼȟȠʌȜȚı—ȠȪ ǾȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ ȈȣıțİȣȫȞ
Power Lines Primary Protection Selective Protection

4
1

1 68 50 200 + 68 51 200 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 32 + 36 3 68 44 112 + 68 44 118 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 58 + 60

2 68 44 447 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 50 4 68 41 221 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 62

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ȉȘȜİijȦȞȚțȫȞ ȈȘ—ȐIJȦȞ

Telecom Line Protection

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ȈȘ—ȐIJȦȞ TV
TV Line Protection 3

2 ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ȉȘȜİijȦȞȚțȫȞ ȈȘ—ȐIJȦȞ

Telecom Line Protection

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ȈȘ—ȐIJȦȞ TV
TV Line Protection

64

1 68 10 215 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 104 3 68 05 110 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 96

2 68 41 221 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 62 4 68 03 410 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 94

21
A ǼĭǹȇȂȅīǾ ǹȆǹīŸīŸȃ ȀȇȅȊȈȉǿȀŸȃ
ȊȆǼȇȉǹȈǼŸȃ ȈǼ ǺǿȅȂǾȋǹȃǿǹ
APPLICATION OF SPDs IN AN
INDUSTRIAL SITE

ȆȡȦIJİȪȠȣıĮ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ
ǹȞșȡȫʌȦȞ & ǾȂ ǼȟȠʌȜȚı—ȠȪ/
LV Power Line Primary Protection

3
ȉȠʌȚțȒ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ȂȘȤĮȞȫȞ
Fine Protection of Equipment
¨İȣIJİȡİȪȠȣıĮ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ
2 ǾȂ ǼȟȠʌȜȚı—ȠȪ/
LV Power Line Secondary Protection
4

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Inverter PV
Protection of PV inverter
ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Ȋ/Ȉ, ȂȑıȘȢ ȉȐıȘȢ
Medium Voltage Protection

1 68 81 021 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 26 3 68 44 447 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 50

2 68 53 225 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 30 4 68 40 223 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 64
5 68 10 304 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 70

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǹıȪȡ—ĮIJȦȞ ¨ȚțIJȪȦȞ

Protection of Telecom
Coaxial Systems
ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȘ—ȐIJȦȞ ȠȡȖȐȞȦȞ
Protection of DATA lines
2 4

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ DC ȉȡȠijȠįȠIJȚțȫȞ
DC Power supply protection
ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȘ—ȐIJȦȞ PLC
PLC Signal Line Protection

3
1

1 68 04 024 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 86 3 68 01 0** ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 74

2 68 03 *** ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 80 4 6810361 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 102

22
 ǼĭǹȇȂȅīǾ ǹȆǹīŸīŸȃ ȀȇȅȊȈȉǿȀŸȃ
ȊȆǼȇȉǹȈǼŸȃ ȈǼ ȀȉǾȇǿȅ īȇǹĭǼǿŸȃ
APPLICATION OF SPDs IN AN
OFFICE BUILDING
A
¨İȣIJİȡİȪȠȣıĮ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǾȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ ȈȣıțİȣȫȞ
Power Line Secondary Protection

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǾȜİțIJȡȚțȫȞ ȈȣıțİȣȫȞ

ıIJȠ ¨ȫ—Į
Protection of external installed
2 electric equipment – roof
4

4
ȆȡȦIJİȪȠȣıĮ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǹȞșȡȫʌȦȞ
& ǾȂ ǼȟȠʌȜȚı—ȠȪ
LV Power Line Primary Protection

ȁİʌIJȒ ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ǾȜİțIJȡȠȞȚțȫȞ ȈȣıțİȣȫȞ

Fine Protection of Equipment

1
3

1 68 53 225 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 30 3 68 41 221 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 62

2 68 44 447 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 50 4 68 44 280 + 68 44 290 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 40 + 38

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȘ—ȐIJȦȞ LAN

LAN Line Protetcion

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ȉȘȜİʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȚĮțȫȞ ¨ȚțIJȪȦȞ

Protection of Telecom Systems

ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ıȘ—ȐIJȦȞ ȠȡȖȐȞȦȞ

3 ȆȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ ȈȘ—ȐIJȦȞ CCTV
Protection of DATA lines 3 CCTV Line Protection

3
1

1 68 03 *** ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 80 3 68 10 215 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 104

2 68 02 400 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 90 4 68 94 001 + 68 94 004 + 68 94 105 ȈİȜȓįĮ / page. 101 + 100

23