RUKUN NEGARA

Bahawasanya Negara Kita Malaysia

mendukung cita-cita hendak:
Mencapai perpaduan yang lebih erat dalam kalangan
seluruh masyarakatnya;
Memelihara satu cara hidup demokrasi;
Mencipta satu masyarakat yang adil di mana kemakmuran negara
akan dapat dinikmati bersama secara adil dan saksama;
Menjamin satu cara yang liberal terhadap
tradisi-tradisi kebudayaannya yang kaya dan pelbagai corak;
Membina satu masyarakat progresif yang akan menggunakan
sains dan teknologi moden.
MAKA KAMI, rakyat Malaysia,
berikrar akan menumpukan
seluruh tenaga dan usaha kami untuk mencapai cita-cita tersebut
berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip yang berikut:

KEPERCAYAAN KEPADA TUHAN

KESETIAAN KEPADA RAJA DAN NEGARA
KELUHURAN PERLEMBAGAAN
KEDAULATAN UNDANG-UNDANG
KESOPANAN DAN KESUSILAAN
(Sumber: Jabatan Penerangan, Kementerian Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia)

RUKUN NEGARA.indd 1 28/09/16 7:53 PG

STANDARD-BASED CURRICULUM FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL (REVISED 2017)
DUAL LANGUAGE PROGRAMME

WRITERS
Chan Yook Lean
Gobi a/l Krishnan
Rozaili bin Mohd Ali
TRANSLATORS
Ahmad Azrul Arefe bin Ahmad Rosdi
Jeyasingam a/l Govindaraj
Ng Lee Ching
Norehan binti Mohamed Shaharoun
EDITORS
Ainol Rafezah binti Alias
Asmahanim binti Ab Rahman
Mohd ‘Udzair bin Depanaik
Nurul Shaheza binti Zamri
DESIGNERS
Roszaini binti Md Yussof
Rohaizah binti Hamzah
ILLUSTRATOR
Mohd. Faizal bin Razali

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

i
Kuala Lumpur
2021
 Serial No.: 0023 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
KK 513-221-0102011-49-3328-20101 The publication of this textbook involved various
ISBN 978-983-49-3328-9 parties. Sincerest appreciation and gratitude
particularly to the following:
First printing 2021
© Ministry of Education Malaysia 2021 • The Panel of Evaluators, Educational
Resources and Technology Division,
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication Ministry of Education Malaysia.
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
• The Educational Resources
or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or any and Technology Division, and
information storage and retrieval system without Curriculum Development Division,
permission in writing from the Director General Ministry of Education Malaysia.
of Education Malaysia, Ministry of Education • The Panel of Evaluators,
Malaysia. Negotiation is subject to the calculation
of royalty or honorarium.
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
• Officers of the English Language
Published for the Ministry of Education Malaysia by: Teaching Centre (ELTC),
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka,
Jalan Dewan Bahasa,
Ministry of Education Malaysia.
50460 Kuala Lumpur. • SK Pengkalan Rinting, Johor.
Telephone: 03-21479000 (8 hunting lines)
Facsimile: 03-21479643 • Teacher Education Institute,
Website: http://www.dbp.gov.my Kampus Perempuan Melayu, Melaka.

Design and Typeset: • Dr. Shahrir Affandi bin Daud@Mohamed.

PNMB Education and Publication Sdn. Bhd.
• Dato’ Mohamad Kamil bin Dato’ Haji Shafie.
Text Typeface: Azim • All parties involved in the process of
Text Size: 13 point
publishing this book.
Printed by:
Percetakan Selaseh Sdn. Bhd.,
No. 30 & 32, Jalan Selaseh Indah,
Taman Selaseh Fasa 1,
68100 Batu Caves,
Selangor Darul Ehsan.

ii
 CONTENTS
PREFACE v
2 FRACTIONS, DECIMALS, AND
1 WHOLE NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS 1 PERCENTAGES 61
Read and Say Numbers 1 Division of Fractions 61
Think Smart 3 Dividing Proper Fractions with Whole
Number Patterns 4 Numbers 61
Think Smart 8 Dividing Mixed Numbers with Whole
Recognise Fraction of a Million and Numbers 63
Decimal of a Million 9 Dividing Proper Fractions with Proper
Fractions 64
Convert Numbers 11
Dividing Mixed Numbers with Proper
Decimal of a Million and Fraction Fractions 65
of a Million to Whole Numbers 11 Think Smart 66
Think Smart 12 Basic Operations 68
Whole Numbers to Decimal of a Million and Multiplication of Decimals 68
Fraction of a Million 13 Think Smart 69
Basic Operations 15 Division of Decimals 70
Addition 15 Convert Decimals to Percentages 73
Subtraction 19 Addition and Subtraction of Percentages 75
Multiplication 22 The Value of Quantity and The Value of
Division 25 Percentages 77
Think Smart 26 Think Smart 77
Mixed Operations 28 Mixed Operations 80
Addition and Subtraction 28 Addition and Subtraction 80
Multiplication and Division 30 Multiplication and Division 82
Addition and Multiplication 84
Addition and Multiplication 31
Think Smart 85
Subtraction and Multiplication 32 Subtraction and Multiplication 86
Addition and Division 33 Addition and Division 88
Subtraction and Division 34 Think Smart 89
Basic Operations and Mixed Operations Subtraction and Division 90
Involving Unknown 35 Think Smart 91
Think Smart 35 Try It Out 92
Think Smart 36 Solve the Problems 93
Think Smart 38 Let’s Practise 99
Prime Numbers and Composite Numbers 42 Let's Explore 102
Try It Out 44
Solve the Problems 45 3 MONEY 103
Let’s Practise 58
Let's Explore 60 Recognise Cost Price, Selling Price, Profit,
and Loss 103
Recognise Discount, Rebate, and
Voucher 107
Discount 107
Rebate 108
Think Smart 109
Voucher 110

iii
 KANDUNGAN

CONTENTS
Recognise Invoice, Bill, Receipt, and Regular Pentagon 172
Service Tax 112 Regular Hexagon 174
Invoice 112 Regular Heptagon 175
Bill 113 Regular Octagon 176
Receipt and Service Tax 114 Think Smart 177
Interest and Dividend 116 Recognise Circles 178
Interest 116 Centre of a Circle, Diameter, and Radius 178
Dividend 117 Let’s Draw Circles 180
Try It Out 119 Think Smart 182
Recognise Asset, Liability, Insurance, Solve the Problems 183
and Takaful 120 Let’s Practise 185
Asset and Liability 120 Let's Explore 186
Insurance and Takaful 121
Solve the Problems 123 7 COORDINATES, RATIO, AND
Let’s Practise 133 PROPORTION 187
Let's Explore 136
Distance Between Two Coordinates 187
SELF-TEST 137 Think Smart 188
Ratio Between Two Quantities 191
4 TIME 141 Think Smart 195
Try It Out 195
Recognise Time Zone 141 Determine the Proportionate Quantity 197
Think Smart 146 Think Smart 198
Solve the Problems 148 Solve the Problems 201
Try It Out 152 Think Smart 203
Let’s Practise 153 Let’s Practise 205
Let's Explore 154 Let's Explore 206
5 MEASUREMENT 155 8 DATA HANDLING AND
Solve the Problems 155 LIKELIHOOD 207
Length and Mass 155 Complete Pie Chart and Interpret Data 207
Length and Volume of Liquid 158 Think Smart 210
Mass and Volume of Liquid 160 Try It Out 211
Let’s Practise 163 Likelihood 213
Let's Explore 164 Certain or Impossible 216
6 SPACE 165 Equally Likely 217
More Likely or Less Likely 217
Let's Form Angles 165 Think Smart 218
50° Angle 165 Try It Out 218
90° Angle 166 Solve the Problems 220
108° Angle 166 Let’s Practise 223
Try It Out 167 Let's Explore 224
Draw and Measure Interior Angles of
Regular Polygons 168 SELF-TEST 225
Equilateral Triangle 169 GLOSSARY 231
Square 171 ANSWERS 233
iv
 PREFACE
The publication of the Standard-Based Curriculum for Primary School (Revised 2017) has reached
the sixth year. This textbook is based on the National Education Philosophy and focuses on
the challenges in the 21st century and the Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB) 2013-2025, the
New Economic Model and the latest learning theories, as well as the latest assessment methods.
The Mathematics Year 6 Textbook focuses on building holistic human capital, balanced in terms
of physical, emotional, intellectual, and socio-cultural aspects of the Malaysian society, as well
as the integration of the Cross Curricular Elements (CCE), Information and Communication
Technology, and Entrepreneurship as we head towards world-class education.
The content of this textbook is systematically designed with eight topics to meet the
requirements of the Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) published by the
Curriculum Development Division, Ministry of Education Malaysia. This textbook emphasises
the concepts and skills in the Learning Standard to prioritise pupils’ engagement in
learning. This book includes several sections of practice in the Let’s Do It, Let’s Practise, and
Self-Test to help pupils assess their levels of competency in each skill that they have learned.
These exercises will help teachers carry out assessment of the pupils to achieve the desired
performance standard. Teacher’s Notes enables teachers to implement learning activities
effectively. Suggestions of websites are provided for pupils to explore the knowledge learned
and to carry out additional exercises through information technology.
The aim of this textbook is to be the source of knowledge for the pupils through various
strategies and activities that have been integrated to the learning process. Apart from
that, this textbook serves the purpose of assisting the teachers to implement a systematic
teaching and learning process, as well as to create a wide range of teaching strategies in
order to achieve the learning objectives. Additional information is also included in the Tips and
Do you know? sections. Learning materials are also provided in the Quick Response (QR) code
and Augmented Reality (AR) to enhance the effectiveness of the learning process.
In order to cultivate pupils’ cognitive skills, reasoning questions are posed by the mascot
and the feedback to the questions can be discussed with teachers or peers. In addition, the
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions are prepared in the Think Smart and Let’s Practise
sections to challenge pupils’ critical thinking. Project-based learning or games are also provided
in the Try It Out and Let's Explore to assist pupils’ understanding and enhance their skills.
This textbook has been designed in a user-friendly manner with the elements to attract
pupils’ interest in mathematics. The elements of national integration and patriotism are also
incorporated through the use of names and characters. The users of this textbook may find the
explanation of the icons used in the next page.

Chan Yook Lean

Gobi a/l Krishnan
Rozaili bin Mohd Ali

v
 FUNCTIONS OF THE ICONS
TOPIC Exercises to assess
6 SPACE Topic based on pupils’ mastery of
learning area. LET’S DO IT newly learned skills.

Questions to challenge
SUBTOPIC the intellectual ability,
The learning standard that needs to Higher Order Thinking
be mastered.
THINK Skills (HOTS), and
encourage critical and
MASCOT
SMART creative thinking.
Poses questions that stimulate pupils’ Recreational
mind to encourage reasoning. activities in the form
of edutainment.

Emphasis on the learning

LET'S EXPLORE
activities and suggestions on
Exercises to evaluate and reinforce
additional activities. the skills acquired in each topic.

LET’S PRACTISE
1.1.1 CONTENT STANDARD AND
LEARNING STANDARD
NUMBER Exercises for revision to reinforce
pupils’ understanding.
Skill indicators to be mastered based
on the DSKP for Mathematics Year 6. SELF-TEST

TIPS Useful information on skills GLOSSARY

learned. List of mathematical terms and their
meanings that encompasses all topics.

List of answers for Think Smart,

Let’s Practise, and Self-Test.
Activities to enhance the skills
learned.
ANSWERS
TRY IT OUT Type “AR Matematik Thn. 6
SK/DLP” in Google Play
(Google) or App Store (Apple)
and download it.
Additional information for
pupils’ knowledge.
QR code contains learning
materials that need to be
vi scanned using QR scanner.
SCAN ME
 1 WHOLE NUMBERS
AND OPERATIONS

READ AND SAY NUMBERS

1 The infographic below shows the number of users of various devices who
are able to access the Internet in a country.

Smartphone
10 000 000
Desktop
computer
2 800 806
Laptop
4 405 792

Smart
television
1 237 483 Smartwatch
246 015

a What is the number of users of smart television who are able to access
the Internet?
millions hundred ten one hundreds tens ones
thousands thousands thousands
1 2 3 7 4 8 3
one million two hundred thirty-seven thousand four hundred and
eighty-three
Say the number of users of smartphone and desktop
computer who are able to access the Internet.

€€Emphasise saying numbers correctly based on place values.

1.1.1
€€Carry out activities on saying numbers at random based on information 1
from the infographic above.
 b
Four million forty-five thousand
seven hundred and ninety-two.
op
r of lapt
Numbe are able to
ho
users w the Internet Did Rani say the number
access 792
correctly? Discuss.
4 405

2 I write the number I write in

in words. numerals.

TUESDAY 11 JANUARY 2022 TUESDAY 11 JANUARY 2022

7 290 005 eight million and eighty

seven million two hundred
ninety thousand and five 8 000 080

3
''
Write three million five hundred four
thousand and thirteen'' in numerals.
Place value
Number
of digit 1
1 000 000 millions
1 000 000 000 billions
3 504 130 3 504 013 1 000 000 000 000 trillions

Who wrote the

numerals correctly?
Jaslin Aizam

€€Use flash cards for activities in saying and writing numbers in numerals or
2 1.1.1
words.
 5 3 9
THINK
SMART 1 6 4 7

Use the digit cards above to form four seven-digit numbers beginning
with digit 3. Two even number digits must always be adjacent.
Say and write the numbers in numerals.

LET’S DO IT
1 Say the numbers.
a 2 189 234 b 9 273 180 c 6 031 095 d 3 006 070
2 Write the numbers in words.
a 4 238 452 b 8 093 120 c 5 700 106 d 10 000 000
3 Write the numbers in numerals.
a nine hundred fifteen thousand one hundred and twenty-five
b two million five hundred three thousand three hundred and sixty-one
c eight million seven hundred fifty thousand and forty-three
d six million three thousand nine hundred and seven
e three million and six
f five million fifteen thousand and seventy-eight
g four million three hundred and two
h seven million nine hundred and nineteen
4
0 3 4 1 5 7 0

Form three seven-digit numbers from the digit cards above. Say and write
the numbers in words.
5 Say a number involving the value of millions. Write the number in numerals
and words.

1.1.1 3
 NUMBER PATTERNS
THURSDAY 13 JANUARY 2022
1 Arrange the number cards in a number pattern in ascending order by eight hundreds.
+ 800 + 800 + 800 + 800

2 390 795 2 391 595

2 392 395
I use a calculator to calculate €
the next number.

2 394 795 2 393 995 2 393 195

What is the ninth

number in this
pattern?
second number
third number

fourth number

fifth number

€€Begin the lesson with numbers such as 3 000 000 and simple number patterns
4 such as adding 100 and 1 000 to stimulate pupils' understanding at various 1.1.2
levels of mastery.
€€The scientific calculator is only used as teaching aid to represent and
determine number pattern.
 2

3 095 475 3 096 475 3 097 475

What is the above number pattern?

3
2 890 740 3 890 740 4 890 740 5 890 740 6 890 740

–1 000 000 –1 000 000 –1 000 000 –1 000 000

Count backwards from 6 890 740 in millions.
This number pattern is in descending order by millions.

4 Identify the number pattern from A to E. State the pattern.

The value of the number becomes smaller. The number pattern is in descending order.
The hundreds digit for the three numbers are different.

7 657 850, 7 657 450, 7 657 050, 7 656 650, 7 656 250

Calculate the difference.

7 657 850 7 657 450
− 7 657 450 − 7 657 050
400 400

This number pattern is in descending order by four hundreds .

€€Ask pupils to find the next number in the number pattern above.
1.1.2 5
 5 Look at the number pattern below. What is the value of x ?
1 307 295 1 355 530 1 403 765 x 1 500 235
Find the difference between two numbers.

12 9
4 15 4 2 10 3 10 13 1 1 1 1
1 355 530 1 403 765 1 403 765
– 1 307 295 – 1 355 530 + 48 235
48 235 48 235 1 452 000

Add 1 403 765 and 48 235 to get

the value of x.

The value of x is 1 452 000 .

What is another method to find the value of x?

State the sixth number in the number pattern.

6 The number cards below are arranged in descending order. What is the value of p ?
5 086 423 5 079 373 5 072 323 p 5 058 223

Step 1 Find the difference between two adjoining numbers.

7 16 3 12
5 086 423 5 079 373
− 5 079 373 − 5 072 323
7 050 7 050

Step 2 Subtract 7 050 from 5 072 323 to find the value of p.

6 12 2 12
5 072 323
− 7 050
5 065 273

The value of p is 5 065 273 .

€€Conduct a quiz in pairs for pupils to identify ascending and descending

6 1.1.2
number patterns.
 7 Look at the number pattern below. What is the value of p?
100, 600, 3 600, 21 600, 129 600, p, q

Multiply the previous number by 6.

1 53
1 29 600
×6 ×6 ×6 ×6 ×6 × 6
777 600
100, 600, 3 600, 21 600, 129 600, p, q

Now, calculate the value of q.

The value of p is 777 600 .

8 What is the number pattern below? State the value of t.

128 64 32 16 t
2 2
64 1 2 8 32 6 4
– 1 28 –6 4
0 0

128, 64, 32, 16, t t = 16 ÷ 2

÷2 ÷2 ÷2÷2 =8

The number pattern is in descending order divided by twos.

The value of t is 8 .

9 Study the pattern of the figures below.

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Pattern 1×1=1 2×2=4 3×3=9 4 × 4 = 16 5 × 5 = 25

If this pattern continues, what is the product for Figure 7?

€€Guide pupils to find the product for Figure 7.

1.1.2 7
 Study the following number pattern.
1 = 1 × 1
121 = 11 × 11
THINK 12 321 = 111 × 111
SMART 1 234 321 = ×
What are the values in the empty boxes?

LET’S DO IT
1

The picture shows a number pattern.

a State the number pattern.
b What is the sixth number?
c Based on the number pattern, at which position is 4 964 116?

2 7 208 185 7 105 285 7 002 385 x 6 796 585

Five number cards are arranged in a pattern. State the value of x.
3
200 1 600 12 800 p q
a What is the number pattern above?
b State the value of p and q.
4

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
The figure above shows an arrangement of matchsticks in a pattern.
What is the number of matchsticks in Figure 5?

€€Carry out a Think-Pair-Share activity to arrange a set of numbers in ascending

8 or descending pattern and state the pattern. 1.1.2
€€Calculators can be used in the Think Smart activity.
 RECOGNISE FRACTION OF A MILLION AND DECIMAL OF A MILLION
1
LANGKAWI: The total number of tourists
to this island is only 1 21  million until October
this year. Chief Executive Officer of the
Langkawi Development Authority (LADA),
Dr. Hezri Adnan said the total is lesser than
the total number of tourists last year, which
9
is 3 10 million.

Adapted and retrieved October 8, 2021 from https://bit.ly/3AB5CX0

1 one and one over
1 2 million
two million three and
9
3 10 million nine-tenths of
a million
one and a half million

3
2  million is two and three-fourths of a million. What is another way of
4
saying this fraction?

2 WEDNESDAY 19 JANUARY 2022

Production in Week 1
Nancy, say the Item Number of items
number of face
masks. Kumar, say Face mask 0.75 million
the number of hand
sanitisers. Hand sanitiser 1.2 million

Zero point seven

five million.

One point two

million.

1.1.3 €€Carry out activities on saying decimal of a million and fraction of a million
1.1.4 at random using numeral cards or word cards. 9
€€Emphasise how to say decimal of a million and fraction of a million correctly.
 3 THURSDAY 20 JANUARY 2022
Write the following numbers in numerals.
three-fifths of a million seven point four zero
one million
3 million
5 7.401 million

4 Three pupils write five and three quarters of a million in numerals.

Who wrote the
number correctly?
Anisah Kathleen Ravi Discuss.

3 1 3
5 4 million 5 4 million 5 8 million

LET’S DO IT
1 Say the numbers.
a 3 million b 9.5 million c 0.87 million d 6 3 million e 1.023 million
10 4
2 Write the numbers in words.
a 1 million b 7.6 million c 1.034 million d 8 1 million e 5.902 million
5 2
3 Write the numbers in numerals.
a two-fifths of a million b zero point seven million
c six and three-eighths of a million d four point zero two six million

€€Conduct 21st Century Learning activity (Rally Robin) to enhance pupils' 1.1.3
10 acquisition of skills in saying and writing numbers in numerals and words. 1.1.4
 CONVERT NUMBERS
DECIMAL OF A MILLION AND FRACTION OF A MILLION TO WHOLE NUMBERS

Peninsular Malaysia has a forest area of 5.78 million hectares and

4.91 million hectares of Permanent Reserved Forest. Sarawak has
3
4 10 million hectares of permanent forest estates while 0.674 million
hectares are permanent protected areas. As for Sabah, the Sabah Forestry
department has allocated 3 3 5
million hectares of state land as
forest reserves.
Adapted and retrieved October 8, 2021, from https://bit.ly/3xxHx1y
1 Convert 5.78 million to a whole number.
5.78 million =
5.78 million = 5 millions + 0.7 millions + 0.08 millions
Method 1 = 5 millions + 7 hundred thousands + 8 ten thousands

Place millions hundred ten thousands hundreds tens ones

value thousands thousands
Digit 5 7 8 0 0 0 0
value

Method 2 5.78 million = 5.78 × 1 million

= 5.780000 × 1 000 000
= 5 780 000
5.78 million = 5 780 000

2 0.674 million =
0.674 million = 0.674 × 1 million Use method 1 as shown
above to solve question 2.
= 0.674000 × 1 000 000
= 674 000
0.674 million = 674 000

Convert 8.91 million to a whole number.

€€Carry out quizzes where pupils match decimal of a million with whole numbers.
1.1.5 11
 3
3 Convert 4 10 million to a whole number.
3 3
4 10 million = 4 10 = 4.3

Method 1
3 3
4 10 million = 4 10 × 1 million
= 4.300000 × 1 000 000
= 4 300 000

Method 2 4  3 million = 4  3 × 1 million 3

10 10 Convert 4 10 to an
43
= 43 × 1 000 000 improper fraction, 10 .
10
= 4 300 000
3
4 10 million = 4 300 000

4 3 35 million = 1 million = 1 000 000

1 1 1 1 1
3 3
3 5 million = 3 million + 5 million 5 million million million million million
5 5 5 5
= 3 000 000 + 600 000 200 000 200 000 200 000 200 000 200 000
= 3 600 000 3 2
million = 600 000 million = 400 000
3 5 5
3 5 million = 3 600 000
FRACTION OF
A MILLION
CHART

2
Convert 1 5 million to a whole number.
SCAN ME

2 81 million
p 2 1 million 2 5 million q 3 million
2 8
THINK
Based on the number line above, state the values of p and q
SMART in whole numbers.

€€Use fraction charts, fraction strips, or number lines to explain the relationship
12 between whole numbers and fraction of a million. 1.1.5
€€Scan QR code to obtain the fraction of a million chart.
 WHOLE NUMBERS TO DECIMAL OF A MILLION AND FRACTION OF A MILLION
1 State 700 000 in decimal of a million.
700 000 = million

Method 1
Place millions hundred ten thousands hundreds tens ones
value thousands thousands
Digit 0 7 0 0 0 0 0
value
700 000 = 0.7 million
The digit value in the millions place value is 0. Place the decimal point between the millions
place value and hundred thousands place value. Ignore the digit 0 after 7. Write the word million.
The answer is 0.7 million.

Method 2 700 000 = (  700 000  ) million

1 000 000
= 7 million
10
= 0.7 million

700 000 = 0.7 million

2 Convert 5 230 000 to a decimal of 3 State 800 000 in fraction of

a million. a million.
5 230 000 = million 800 000 = million
5 230 000
800 000 = (  800 000  ) million
= (5 230 000. ÷ 1 000 000) million 1 000 000
8 ÷ 2
= 5.23 million = 10 ÷ 2 million

5 230 000 = 5.23 million = 4 million

5
Convert 3 725 000 to a 800 000 = 4  million
decimal of a million.
5

€€Vary questions on the relationship of decimal of a million and fraction of a

1.1.5 million to whole numbers and vice versa. 13
€€Emphasise that fraction of a million must be written in the simplest form.
 4 Convert 1 900 000 to a 5 Are the values in the three cards equal?
fraction of a million. Discuss.
1 900 000 = million

1 900 000 = ( 1 900 000  ) million

1 000 000
19
= million
10 6.375 milli
million on
9 6 375 000 3
6  million
= 1 10 million 8

9
1 900 000 = 1 10 million

LET’S DO IT
1 Convert decimal of a million to whole numbers.
a 0.4 million = b 0.12 million = c 1.08 million =
d 1.5 million = e 0.032 million = f 9.013 million =
2 Convert fraction of a million to whole numbers.
a 9 million = b 1 million = c 1 million =
10 2 4
d 9 3 million = e 8 45 million = f 6 7 million =
4 8
g 2 1 million = h 3 5 million = i 7 3 million =
5 8 8
3 Complete the following table.
Whole number 500 000 2 750 000
Decimal of
2.3 million
a million
Fraction of 6 81 million 1 45 million
a million
4 3 625 000 is equal to 3 5 million. Prove it.
8

€€Carry out activities on saying whole numbers, fraction of a million, and decimal of
14 1.1.5
a million of equal values.
€€Give examples of fraction of a million with denominators of 2, 4, 5, 8 and 10 only.
 BASIC OPERATIONS
ADDITION
1 The table shows the population of three districts in Seberang Perai in 2020.
District in Seberang Perai North Middle South
Population 405 100 467 800 235 100
Retrieved October 8, 2021, from https://bit.ly/2VHO1O7

What is the total population of all three districts in Seberang Perai?

405 100 + 467 800 + 235 100 =
1 1 1 1
405 100 872 900 State the population in
+ 467 800 + 235 1 00 decimal of a million.
872 900 1 108 000
405 100 + 467 800 + 235 100 = 1 108 000
The total population of all three districts in Seberang Perai is 1 108 000.

2 4 305 612 + 780 107 =

1 Arrange the digits
4 305 6 12 in the correct
+ 780 1 07 place value.

5 085 7 1 9

4 305 612 + 780 107 = 5 085 719

3 9 408 + 3 071 592 + 68 043 =

Method 1 Method 2
9 408 1 1 1 1
3 07 1 592 3 07 1 592 3 08 1 000
+ 68 043 + 9 408 + 68 043
3 08 1 000

Solve it. Which method is easier?

€€Vary calculation methods such as by arranging the numbers with the larger
1.2.1 number on top, and by estimating to check the answers. 15
 4 5 240 780 + 0.65 million =

Step 2
Step 1
5 240 780
0.65 million = 0.650000 × 1 000 000 + 650 000
= 650 000 5 890 780

5 240 780 + 0.65 million = 5 890 780

3
5 2 10 million + 4 100 000 =

Give the answer in a whole number

and in decimal of a million.

Calculation 1
3
2 10 million = 2.3 million
= 2.300000 × 1 000 000
= 2 300 000
3
2 10 million + 4 100 000 = 2 300 000 + 4 100 000
= 6 400 000

Calculation 2

3 3 4 100 000
2 10 million = 2 million + 10 million 4 100 000 = ( ) million
1 000 000
= 2.0 million + 0.3 million 41
= million
= 2.3 million 10
= 4.1 million
3
2 10 million + 4 100 000 = 2.3 million + 4.1 million
= 6.4 million
3
2 10 million + 4 100 000 = 6 400 000 or 6.4 million

Can you give the answer in fraction?

€€Emphasise the need to convert decimal and fraction of a million to

16 1.2.1
whole numbers before solving addition based on the questions’ requirement.
 6

P R
1
2 10 million pupils 0.89 million pupils
Online learning
in four states
Q S
6 25 million pupils 1.04 million pupils

a Calculate the total number of pupils who participated in online learning

in states R and S. Give the answer in a whole number.
0.89 million + 1.04 million =
Step 1 Step 2

1 1.93 million = 1.930000 × 1 000 000

0.89 million
+ 1.04 million = 1 930 000
1.93 million

0.89 million + 1.04 million = 1 930 000

T he total number of pupils who participated in online learning in states
R and S is 1 930 000.
b Add the number of pupils who participated in online learning in states
P and Q .
1
2 10 million + 6 25 million = million
1
2 10 million + 6 25 ×
×2
2 1
million = 2 10 4
million + 6 10 million
5 ÷ 5
= 8 10 ÷5
million
= 8 21 million Now, use
another method
1 to solve this.
2 10 million + 6 25 million = 8 1 million
2
The total number of pupils who participated in online learning
in states P and Q is 8 21 million.

€€Vary questions based on the data given in example 6 above.

1.2.1 17
 7 4.052 million + 3 38 million = million

3 38 million = 27
8
million

= 3.375 million 1
3.3 7 5 4 . 0 5 2 million
8 2 7.0 0 0 + 3 . 3 7 5 million
−2 4 7 . 4 2 7 million
3 0
−2 4
60
− 56 State the answer in a
40 whole number.
−40
0
4.052 million + 3 38 million = 7.427 million

8 2.12 million + 680 000 + 1 45 million =

State the sum in decimal of a million.

680 000 = (  680 000  ) million 1 45 million = 1 million + 45 ×

×2
2
million
1 000 000 8
= 1 million + 10 million
= ( 6 8. ÷ 100) million
= 1.0 million + 0.8 million
= 0.68 million
= 1.8 million
1 1
2. 12 million
0.68 million
+ 1 .80 million
4.60 million Afiyah Siew Lin

4 35 million 460 000

2.12 million + 680 000 + 1 45 million = 4.6 million

Who holds the card that has the same value

as 4.6 million?

€€Encourage pupils to check their answers using a calculator.

18 1.2.1
 SUBTRACTION
1 The pictures show four types of digital thermometer produced by a factory.

A B C D

a  Calculate the difference in the number of digital thermometer A and

digital thermometer B.
4 305 127 – 3 180 127 =
millions hundred ten thousands hundreds tens ones
thousands thousands
2 10
4 3 0 5 1 2 7
– 3 1 8 0 1 2 7
1 1 2 5 0 0 0
4 305 127 – 3 180 127 = 1 125 000 State the answer in
fraction of a million.
The difference in the number of digital thermometer A
and digital thermometer B is 1 125 000.
b How many more is the number of digital thermometer A
compared to the number of digital thermometer C?
4 305 127 – 0.96 million =
Step 1 Step 2

0.96 million = 0.960000 × 1 000 000 12

3 2 10
= 960 000
4 305 1 27
– 960 000
3 345 1 27
4 305 127 – 0.96 million = 3 345 127
The number of digital thermometer A is 3 345 127 more than
the number of digital thermometer C.

€€Emphasise the arrangement of digits according to the correct place values in order
1.2.1 to carry out subtraction in vertical form. 19
 c How much lesser is the number of digital thermometer D compared to
the number of digital thermometer B?
7
3 180 127 – 10 million =

Card P Card Q
7 7
3 180 127 – 10 million = 3 180 127 – 70 000 3 180 127 – 10 million = 3 180 127 – 700 000
= 3 110 127 = 2 480 127

Which card shows the correct calculations? Discuss.

2 RM8.75 million – RM3.906 million = million

7 17 4 10
RM 8 . 7 5 0 million
State the answer in a
– RM 3 . 9 0 6 million
whole number.
RM 4 . 8 4 4 million
RM8.75 million – RM3.906 million = RM4.844 million

3 Subtract 6 41 million from 9 35 million. State the balance in a whole number.

9 35 million – 6 41 million =

Method 1 Method 2

9 35 million – 6 41 million = 9 35 ×

×4
4
million – 6 41 ×
×5
5
million 9 35 million = 9.6 million
= 9 600 000
12 5
= 9 20 million – 6 20 million
6 41 million =
7
= 3 20 million
9 600 000
= 3 million + –
= 3 000 000 +
=

Complete the calculations. Compare method 1 to method 2.

Which is easier?

€€Emphasise that fraction of a million which has different denominator must be

20 1.2.1
made equal first before subtracting.
 4 Three number cards K, L, and M are as follows.

K 2.035 million L 6 41 million M 715 000

a Find the difference of value in cards L and K.

State the answer in a whole number.

6 41 million – 2.035 million =

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

6 41 million = 6 million + 41 million 2.035 million

= 2.035000 × 1 000 000 4 10
= 6 000 000 + 250 000 6 250 000
= 2 035 000 – 2 035 000
= 6 250 000
4 2 1 5 000
6 41 million – 2.035 million = 4 215 000
The difference of value in cards L and K is 4 215 000.

b Subtract the value of cards M and K from the value of card L.

State the answer in decimal of a million.
6 41 million – 715 000 – 2.035 million =

Step 1 Step 2

6 41 million = 25
4
million 715 000 = ( 715 000 ) million
1 000 000
6 . 2 5 million = 0.715 million
4 2 5 . 0 0 million
−2 4 Step 3
1 0 5 12 4 10
− 8 6 . 2 5 0 million 5 . 5 3 5 million
20 – 0 . 7 1 5 million – 2 . 0 3 5 million
− 20 5 . 5 3 5 million 3 . 5 0 0 million
0

6 41 million – 715 000 – 2.035 million = 3.5 million

€€Encourage pupils to solve number sentences in vertical form.

1.2.1 €€Remind pupils to identify what the question requires before converting and 21
solving operations.
 MULTIPLICATION
1 A factory produces 1 150 000 bars of soap
weekly. How many bars of soap are
produced in 8 weeks?
8 × 1 150 000 =

1 4
1 150 000
× 8
State the answer in
9 200 000 decimal of a million and
fraction of a million.
8 × 1 150 000 = 9 200 000

The number of soap produced in 8 weeks

is 9 200 000 bars.

2 32 × 25 000 =
State the answer in decimal of a million.

Method 1 Method 2
Step 1
Step 1
1 2 5 0 0 0 ×
1
1 0 1 0 0 0
25 000 6 5 0 0 0 3
0 1 0 0 0
× 32 8 4 0 0 0 0 2
50 000 0 0 0 0 0
+7 50 000 32 × 25 000 = 800 000
800 000
Step 2
Step 2
(800 000. ÷ 1 000 000) million 800 000 = (  800 000  )million
1 000 000
= 0.8 million = 8 million
10
= 0.8 million
32 × 25 000 = 0.8 million

€€Emphasise that the answers must be given in whole numbers, fraction of a million,
22 or decimal of a million based on what the questions require. 1.2.1
 3 9 × 0.75 million =
State the answer in decimal of a million or fraction of a million.

WEDNESDAY 16 FEBRUARY 2022

Calculation 1
6 4 My answer is in
0.7 5 million decimal of a million.
× 9
6.7 5 million

WEDNESDAY 16 FEBRUARY 2022

Calculation 2
6
75 ÷ 5 9 × 0.75 million = 9 × 3 million 4 27
0.75 = 100 ÷ 5 1 4 −2 4
27 3
= million
15 ÷ 5 4
= 20 ÷ 5
= 6  34 million
= 3
4

I answered in
fraction of a million.

3
9 × 0.75 million = 6.75 million or 6 4 million

State the answer in a whole number.

€€Train pupils to convert fraction of a million and decimal of a million to whole numbers
1.2.1 and vice versa. 23
 9
4 4 × 1 10 million =

Calculation 1 Calculation 2
2
9
9
4 × 1 10 million = 4 × 1.9 million 4 × 1 10 million = 4 × 19
10
million
5
= 4 × 1.900000 × 1 000 000
= 38 million
= 4 × 1 900 000 5
= 7 600 000 = 7 35 million

9
4 × 1 10 million = 7 600 000 or 7 3
5
million

3
12 × million =
4
A 0.009 million B 0.09 million C 0.9 million D 9 million

5 Calculate the product of 5 and 1.25 million. State the answer in fraction of a million.
5 × 1.25 million =

Method 1 Method 2

1 2 5 × 1.25 million = 5 × 1 41 million

1 . 2 5 million 5
× 5 = 5 × 4 million
6 . 2 5 million 5 5
= 1 × 4 million
25 ÷ 25
6.25 million = 6 100  million 25
÷ 25 = million
4
= 6 41 million = 6 41 million

1
5 × 1.25 million = 6 4 million Which method is easier?

€€Ask pupils to write answers for questions 4 and 5 in decimal of a million.

24 1.2.1
 Each plastic
DIVISION package has
10 pairs of gloves.
1

1 200 000 pairs of

gloves are to be
packed equally
into several plastic
packages.

How many plastic packages of gloves are produced? Give the answer
in a whole number and in decimal of a million.
1 200 000 ÷ 10 =

Calculation 1 Calculation 2
1 200 000 1 200 000 = 120 000
10 10
= (120 000. ÷ 1 000 000) million
= 120 000
= 0.12 million

1 200 000 ÷ 10 = 120 000 or 0.12 million

The number of plastic packages of gloves produced is 120 000 or 0.12 million.

2 8.25 million ÷ 3 = million

2.7 5 million
3 8.2 5 million
−6 State the answer in a whole number
2 2 and in fraction of a million.
−2 1
1 5
− 1 5
0
8.25 million ÷ 3 = 2.75 million

€€Encourage pupils to use vertical form when dividing two numbers.

1.2.1 25
 4
3 Divide 6 5 million by 8. Give the answer in a whole number.
4
6 5 million ÷ 8 =
Step 1 Step 2
4×2 8 6 800 000 ÷ 8 =
6 5 × 2 million = 6 10 million
= 6.8 million
= 6.800000 × 1 000 000
= 6 800 000

3
4 Find the quotient when 9 8 million is divided by 15.
3
9 8 million ÷ 15 = million Step 2
9.3 7 5
Step 1 8 7 5.0 0 0 . million
−7 2 15 9.3 7 5 million
3 75 3 0 −0
9 8 million = 8 million
−2 4 9 3
= 9.375 million 60 −9 0
− 56 37
40 −
−4 0 75
0 −
0

7 5 Complete the calculations

million 62 500 625 000 million above. Which value is equal
8 8
to your answer in
example 4?

Complete the number sentence

THINK based on the given numbers.
SMART 1
6 4
6.23 8 7 0.89
million ÷ =
million million

€€ Vary questions on division involving whole numbers, fraction of a million, and

26 1.2.1
decimal of a million to reinforce pupils' understanding and acquisition of skills.
€€ Encourage pupils to solve division in vertical form.
 LET’S DO IT
1 Find the sum.
a 38 075 + 991 002 + 75 600 = b 4 305 120 + 114 880 =
c State the answer in fraction of a million.
i 1 720 900 + 1 079 100 = ii 4 225 965 + 899 035 =
d i 6 480 521 + 0.4 million = ii 1.53 million + 68 304 =
3 1
iii 320 159 + 4 million = iv 2 2 million + 470 000 =
e 1 1
i 4.28 million + 3 5 million = ii 7 10 million + 370 000 + 0.83 million =
7
iii 0.93 million + 65 000 + 6 10 million =
2 Find the difference.
a i 6 732 189 – 5 401 207 = ii 7 982 000 – 2 483 000 =
b 4
i 892 147 – 0.84 million = ii 5 5 million – 328 950 =
7
iii 3.98 million – 1 8 million = iv 5 330 472 – 0.9 million – 2 81 million =
4
v 6 5 million – 3 020 490 – 1. 45 million =
3 a Find the product.
i 6 × 230 000 = ii 3 × 385 000 = iii 25 × 276 000 =
b Calculate. Give the answer in whole numbers.
3
i 7 × 0.24 million = ii 9 × 5 million = iii 8 × 1 81 million =
iv 32 × 0.002 million =
4 a Divide.
i 3 051 000 ÷ 5 = ii 1 071 000 ÷ 9 = iii 1 500 000 ÷ 12 =
b Calculate. State quotients in whole numbers.
3 3
i 0.86 million ÷ 4 = ii 5 million ÷ 6 = iii 1 10 million ÷ 26 =

€€Encourage pupils to check answers using a calculator.

1.2.1 27
 MIXED OPERATIONS
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION
1 The following table shows the number of orders and sale of face shields.
FACE SHIELD
Orders in 2019 0.4 million FACE SHIELD

FACE SHIELD
Sales in 2019 372 000

Orders in 2020 5 41 million

Calculate the number of unsold face shields.

0.4 million – 372 000 + 5 41 million = million

Convert
372 000 and Step 1 Step 2
1
5 4  million ( 372 000. ÷ 1 000 000) million = 0.372 million 9
to decimal of a 3 10 10
21
million first. 5 41 million = 4 million 0 . 4 0 0 million
5.2 5 million
= 5.25 million 4 2 1 .0 0 million – 0 . 3 7 2 million
N AND SUBTRACTION
−2 0 0 . 0 2 8 million
1 0
− 8
2 0 0 . 0 2 8 million
− 2 0 + 5 . 2 5 0 million
0 5 . 2 7 8 million

0.4 million – 372 000 + 5 41 million = 5.278 million

The number of unsold face shields is 5.278 million.

2 6 21 million + 2 501 479 – 3.008 million =

Give the answer in a whole number.
Step 1 Step 2

6 21 million = 6.5 × 1 000 000 9 9

1 8 10 10 11
= 6 500 000 6 500 000 9 00 1 479
3.008 million = 3.008 × 1 000 000 + 2 50 1 479 – 3 008 000
= 3 008 000 9 00 1 479 5 993 479
6 21 million + 2 501 479 – 3.008 million = 5 993 479

€€Emphasise working from left to right for mixed operations of addition and
28 subtraction. 1.2.1
 3 5 120 900 – (2.65 million + 1 25 million) =
State the answer in a whole number.
Step 1
1 . 4 million
7 5 7 . 0 million
1 25 million = 5 million −5
= 1.4 million 2 0
−2 0
0
Step 2 Step 3
1 Solve the
TIPS
0 12
2 . 6 5 million 5 1 20 900 operations in
+ 1 . 4 0 million − 4 050 000 brackets first.
4 . 0 5 million 1 070 900
4.050000 × 1 000 000
= 4 050 000

5 120 900 – (2.65 million + 1 25 million) = 1 070 900

4 6.4 million + (3.9 million – 1 21 million) =

Give the answer in fraction of a million.

Step 1 Step 3 Step 4

1 21 million = 1.5 million 6 . 4 million

million =   million
+ million
million ÷
=   ÷ million
Step 2

3 . 9 million =   million
− 1 . 5 million
million

Complete steps 2 until 4 to get the answer.

€€Provide additional exercises on mixed operations as reinforcement activities.

1.2.1 €€Emphasise that operations in brackets must be solved first. 29
 MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION

1
A container has There are Distribute the
1
 million pieces of 7 similar face masks equally
8
face masks. containers. to 5 hospitals.

How many face masks are received by each hospital?

1
8 million × 7 ÷ 5 =

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

1 0 . 8 7 5 million 0 . 1 7 5 million 0.175 million

8 million × 7 8 7 . 0 0 0 million 5 0 . 8 7 5 million = 0.175000 × 1 000 000
−0 −0
= 7 million 7 0 0 8
= 175 000
8
−64 − 5
= 0.875 million 60 37
− 56 − 35 Solve the TIPS
40 25 operations from
−40 −25
0 left to right.
0
1
8 million × 7 ÷ 5 = 175 000

The number of face masks received by each hospital is 175 000.

2 0.02 million ÷ 8 × 24 3 4 51 million ÷ (20 × 3) = million

= million
21
4 51 million = 5 million
0.02 million ÷ 8 × 24 4.2million
0.02 million 3 = 4.2 million 5 2 1 .0million
= × 24 −2 0
8
1 4.2 million ÷ (20 × 3) 1 0
= 0.02 million × 3 = 4.2 million ÷ 60 −1 0
= 0.06 million 0
= 0.07 million
0.02 million ÷ 8 × 24
4 51 million ÷ (20 × 3) = 0.07 million
= 0.06 million

€€Vary questions on multiplication and division to reinforce pupils' understanding.

30 1.2.1
€€Guide pupils to calculate using strategies suited to their abilities.
 We still have 12 boxes of vitamin
ADDITION AND MULTIPLICATION pills in our stock. Each box
contains 15 bottles of vitamin pills.
1

I just received
0.46 million bottles
of vitamin pills.

Calculate the current number of bottles of vitamin pills.

0.46 million + 12 × 15 =
Step 1 Step 2
1 0.46 million = 0.460000 × 1 000 000
1 2
× 1 5 = 460 000
6 0 Step 3
TIPS
PS +1 2 0 Order of operation
1 8 0 460 000 + 180 = 460 180 × first, then +.
0.46 million + 12 × 15 = 460 180
The current number of bottles of vitamin pills is 460 180 bottles.
3 Which card
2 10 million + 0.48 million × 6 = million
shows
3 the correct
3
10 million + 0.48 million × 6 10 million + 0.48 million × 6
calculations?
= 0.3 million + 0.48 million × 6
Card A = 0.3 million + 0.48 million × 6
= 0.78 million × 6 Card B
= 0.3 million + 2.88 million
= 4.68 million
= 3.18 million

1
3 14 × (0.001 million + 2 million) = Complete this.

1
14 × (0.001 million + 2 million) = 14 × (  + 500 000)
= 14 ×
=

€€Encourage pupils to create questions on mixed operations of addition and

1.2.1 multiplication. Then, solve and check answers using a calculator. 31
 SUBTRACTION AND MULTIPLICATION
Our charity organisation received
3
4 million pieces of blankets.
1
1 000 boxes of blankets
have been distributed
to victims of COVID-19.
Each box has 40 pieces
of blankets.
Calculate the remaining number of blankets after distribution.
3
×
4 million – 1 000 40 =
Step 1 Step 2
0.75 million
0 . 7 5 million
1 0 00 = 0.750000 × 1 000 000
4 3 . 0 0 million
× 40 −0 = 750 000
4 0 0 00 3 0
−2 8
Step 3 TIPS
20 Order of operation
− 20 7 5 0 0 00
− 4 0 0 00 × first, then –.
0
7 1 0 0 00
3
million – 1 000 × 40 = 710 000
4
The remaining number of blankets is 710 000.
1
2 1.4 million × 6 – 5 10 million = million
2
1 .4 million 8.4 million
× 6 − 5. 1 million
8.4 million 3.3 million
1 Convert the answer to
1.4 million × 6 – 5 10 million = 3.3 million a whole number.

3 (4 25 million – 4.1 million) × 25 = million

22 4 . 4 million 1
4 25 million = 5 million 5 2 2 . 0 million 0 . 3 million
4.4 million
= 4.4 million −20 − 4. 1 million × 2 5
2 0 0.3 million 1 5
−2 0 +0 6 0
0 0 7 . 5 million
(4 25 million – 4.1 million) × 25 = 7.5 million

€€Emphasise that the operations in the brackets must be solved first.

32 1.2.1
€€In example 3, guide pupils to convert 4 25 million to 4.4 million.
 ADDITION AND DIVISION
1 Alpha Company received
1 35 million pieces of tiles.

Our factory will distribute

4.9 million more tiles to
Alpha Company and 6 other
companies equally.

How many tiles will Alpha Company receive after the distribution?
1 35 million + 4.9 million ÷ 7 = million
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
8
0 . 7 million 1 35 million = 5 million 1
IPS 7 4 . 9 million
1 .6 million
1 . 6 million + 0.7 million
−0
4 9 5 8 . 0 million 2.3 million
−4 9 −5
0 3 0 TIPS
−3 0
0 Order of operation
÷ first, then +.
1 35 million + 4.9 million ÷ 7 = 2.3 million
Alpha Company received 2.3 million tiles.
9
2 0.072 million ÷ 24 + 1 10 million = million 3 (2.08 million + 4 41 million) ÷ 40
0 . 0 0 3 million =
24 0 . 0 7 2 million 9 19
1 10 million = 10 million (2.08 million + 4 41 million) ÷ 40
−0
0 0 = 1.9 million = (2.08 million +  ) ÷ 40
− 0
07 = million ÷ 40
− 0 0.0 0 3 million = ÷ 40
72 + 1 .9 0 0 million
−72 1 .9 0 3 million =
0
9
0.072 million ÷ 24 + 1 10 million = 1.903 million

€€Encourage pupils to solve basic operations using vertical form.

1.2.1 €€Vary questions so that pupils are proficient in converting fraction of a million 33
and decimal of a million to solve number sentences.
 SUBTRACTION AND DIVISION
1 Distribution of flags in conjunction with National Day celebration.
6 35 million flags are distributed equally

State A State B State C State D State E

City Rural areas

1.07 million
How many flags are distributed to the rural areas?
6 35 million ÷ 5 – 1.07 million = million
Which value is the same as
6 35 million = 33 million 1 . 3 2 million
2 12
the answer,
5 5 6 . 6 0 million 1 million or 1  million?
1 . 3 2 million 4 2
6 . 6 million −5 − 1 . 0 7 million
5 3 3 . 0 million 1 6 0 . 2 5 million
−30 −1 5
3 0 10
−3 0 − 10
0 0
3
6 5 million ÷ 5 – 1.07 million = 0.25 million
The number of flags distributed to the rural areas is 0.25 million.
2 9.9 million – 6 21 million ÷ 13 =
9.9 million – 6 21 million ÷ 13 = 9.9 million – 6.5 million ÷ 13
= 9.9 million –
=

3 (8.04 million – 3 25 million) ÷ 16 = Between calculation 1 and

calculation 2, which is easier?
Calculation 1
(8.04 million – 3 25 million) ÷ 16 = (8 040 000 – 3 400 000) ÷ 16
= 4 640 000 ÷ 16
= 290 000
Calculation 2 (8.04 million – 3 2 million) ÷ 16 = (8.04 million – 3.4 million) ÷ 16
5
= 4.64 million ÷ 16
= 0.29 million
(8.04 million – 3 25 million) ÷ 16 = 290 000 or 0.29 million

€€Emphasise that division must be solved first for questions which

34 1.2.1
do not involve brackets.
 BASIC OPERATIONS AND MIXED OPERATIONS INVOLVING UNKNOWN
1 Clothes Manufactured by Factory T
Type of clothes Total clothes manufactured
Long-sleeved 0.6 million
Short-sleeved x
Total 1.3 million
How many short-sleeved clothes are manufactured by Factory T?
0.6 million + x = 1.3 million
0.6 million + x = 1.3 million
x = 1.3 million – 0.6 million
Simple example.
x = 0.7 million APPLICATION
2+x=5 OF THE
CONCEPT OF
x=5–2 0 13 EQUALITY

1 . 3 million
− 0 . 6 million
0 . 7 million
0.6 million + 0.7 million = 1.3 million SCAN ME

The number of short-sleeved clothes manufactured by Factory T is 0.7 million.

1
2 y – 8 million = 3 million y – 81 million = 34 million
4
What is the value of y?
y = 3 million + 1 million
4 8

Simple example. y = 3 × 2 million + 1 million

4×2 8
y–3=4
y = 4 + 3 y = 6 million + 1 million
8 8

y = 7 million
8
7
8
million – 1 million = 3 million The value of y is 7 million.
8 4 8

Given x – 0.92 million = 1.67 million and 1 200 000 – y = 0.35 million.
THINK Find the value of x – y in decimal of a million.
SMART

1.2.1 35
 3 3 × h = 1 500 000
Find the value of h.

Simple example.
4 × h = 8 8 ÷ 4 can be written as 8 .
4
h = 8 ÷ 4

3 × h = 1 500 000
5
h = 1 5003 000
1
h = 500 000
3 × 500 000 = 1 500 000 4 × k = 6 800 000.
Find the value of k.
The value of h is 500 000.

4 g ÷ 7 = 0.04 million
Find the value of g.

Simple example. r ÷ 6 = 21 million

g ÷ 2 = 3 Complete
g = 3 × 2 r = 21 million × these.

g ÷ 7 = 0.04 million r =
g = 0.04 million × 7 The value of r is .
= 0.28 million

0.28 million ÷ 7 = 0.04 million

The value of g is 0.28 million.

Given 8 × g = 9.6 million and g ÷ 4 = m.

THINK Find the value of m.
SMART

36 1.2.1
 5 First football Second football
match match

There are k number of 0.1 million spectators left and

spectators for the 0.04 million entered. The total number
first match. of spectators is 40 200 people.
Calculate the value of k.
k – 0.1 million + 0.04 million = 40 200
k – 0.1 million + 0.04 million = 40 200
Simple example.
k = 40 200 + 0.1 million – 0.04 million
k – 5 + 3 = 4
k = 4 + 5 – 3 k = 40 200 + 100 000 – 40 000
k = 140 200 – 40 000
k = 100 200
100 200 – 0.1 million + 0.04 million = 40 200
The value of k is 100 200.

6 p ÷ 2 × 3 = 750 000
Calculate the value of p in fraction of a million.
p ÷ 2 × 3 = 750 000
Simple example.
p = 750 000 ÷ 3 × 2
p ÷ 4 × 5 = 10
p = 250 000 × 2
p = 10 ÷ 5 × 4
p = 500 000
p = 1500 000 million
000 000
5 ÷ 5
p = 10 ÷ 5 million
p = 1 million
2
1
2
million ÷ 2 × 3 = 750 000
The value of p is 1 million.
2

€€Use small number values to explain how to solve mixed operations involving
1.2.1 unknown. 37
 7 y + 3 × 0.2 million = 900 000 Simple example.
What is the value of y? y + 2 × 3 = 7
y + 6 = 7
y + 3 × 0.2 million = 900 000 y = 7 − 6
First, multiply.
y + 0.6 million = 0.9 million Then, relate
y = 0.9 million – 0.6 million addition with
subtraction to
y = 0.3 million solve.

0.3 million + 3 × 0.2 million = 900 000

The value of y is 0.3 million.

1
8 m – 10 million × 2 = 0.5 million

What is the value of m?

1
m – 10 million × 2 = 0.5 million
2 5
m – 10 million = 10 million Simple example.
m − 2 × 4 = 5
5 2 m − 8 = 5
m = 10 million + 10 million m = 5 + 8
7
m = 10 million
7 1
10
million – 10 million × 2 = 0.5 million
7
The value of m is 10 million.
Solve this.
s × 6 ÷ 7 = 0.24 million
s = 0.24 million ÷ ×
s = million

Given p × q = 7 38 million and w + p × q = 9.09 million.

THINK Find the value of w.
SMART
€€Carry out suitable simulation to reinforce pupils' understanding
38 1.2.1
in finding unknown.
 9 k − 2.86 million ÷ 22 = 0.37 million
What is the value of k in fraction of a million?
Step 1 Step 2

0 . 1 3 million k − 0.13 million = 0.37 million

22 2 . 8 6 million k = 0.37 million + 0.13 million
−0 = 0.50 million
2 8 1
−2 2 Step 3 0 . 3 7 million
66 + 0 . 1 3 million
− 66 50 0 . 5 0 million
0 0.5 million = million
100
5 ÷ 5
= million
10 ÷ 5
1
= million
2
1 million
2 − 2.86 million ÷ 22 = 0.37 million
1
The value of k is million.
2

10 4.3 million + h ÷ 3 = 5.99 million

What is the value of h ?
Step 1 Step 2

4.3 million + h ÷ 3 = 5.99 million h ÷ 3 = 1.69 million

h ÷ 3 = 5.99 million − 4.3 million h = 1.69 million × 3
h ÷ 3 = 1.69 million h = 5.07 million

2 2
5. 9 9 million 1 .6 9 million
– 4. 3 0 million × 3
1 . 6 9 million 5.0 7 million

4.3 million + 5.07 million ÷ 3 = 5.99 million

The value of h is 5.07 million.

€€Encourage pupils to use different ways to solve mixed operations

1.2.1 involving unknown. 39
 11 ( p + 0.006 million) × 4 = 36 000
Calculate the value of p. Relate multiplication with division.
Relate addition with subtraction.

Step 1 Step 2

0.006 million = 0.006000 × 1 000 000

(p + 0.006 million) × 4 = 36 000
= 6 000 p + 0.006 million = 36 000 ÷ 4
p + 6 000 = 9 000
p = 9 000 − 6 000
p = 3 000

( 3 000 + 0.006 million) × 4 = 36 000

The value of p is 3 000.

9
12 (2 10 million – m ) ÷ 1 000 = 500
Find the value of m.
Step 1 Step 2

9
2 10 million = 2.9 million
9
(2 10 million – m) ÷ 1 000 = 500
= 2.900000 × 1 000 000
9
2 10 million – m = 500 × 1 000
= 2 900 000
9
2 10 million – m = 500 000
Relate division with 9
2 10 million – 500 000 = m
multiplication.
2 900 000 – 500 000 = m
2 400 000 = m

9
(2 10 million – 2 400 000 ) ÷ 1 000 = 500
The value of m is 2 400 000.

€€Guide pupils to understand how to solve unknown involving brackets.

40 1.2.1
 LET’S DO IT
1 Solve and write answers in whole numbers.
a 0.9 million – 800 000 + 1.7 million = b 2.5 million + 500 000 – 1.3 million =
c 9 000 000 – 3 4 million + 1.3 million = d 3 700 000 + 5 21 million – 7.375 million =
5
e 0.3 million + 1 900 × 6 = f 1.2 million + 1.08 million × 3 =
g 3 million + 2.07 million ÷ 3 = 3 1
h 5 million ÷ 2 + 4 10 million =
4
i 1.09 million – 324 000 × 2 = j 9.825 million – 5 × 1.94 million =
1
k 8 4 million – 1.6 million ÷ 5 = l 0.2 million – 0.875 million ÷ 8 =
m 1 million × 3 ÷ 5 = n 19 × 0.028 million ÷ 4 =
5
3
o 14 × (0.4 million + 10 million) = p (3 2 million – 2.84 million) × 10 =
5
2 9
q (480 000 – 5 million) ÷ 20 = r (6.904 million + 2 10 million) ÷ 15 =

2 Solve and write answers in decimal of a million.

a 4.7 million – 100 000 + 2 101 million = b 0.8 million + 900 000 × 6 =
c 2 1 million + 4.02 million ÷ 6 = d 8.071 million – 2 × 0.92 million =
5
3
e 5 1 million – 3.003 million ÷ 3 = f 4 million × 4 ÷ 5 =
4
3 3
g 7 × (0.75 million + 5 million) = h (4 8 million – 1.9 million) ÷ 9 =
3 Solve and write answers in fraction of a million.
a 8.1 million + 0.9 million – 3 1 million = b 0.03 million × 12 + 0.14 million =
5
c 6 4 million + 5.6 million ÷ 7 = d 5.14 million – 5 × 0.488 million =
5
3
e 3.51 million – 1.21 million ÷ 11 = f 4 million ÷ 8 × 24 =
g (3 7 million – 3.85 million) × 100 = h (0.8 million + 2 25 million) ÷ 32 =
8
4 Find the values of p.
a p + 0.35 million = 1.4 million b p – 6 4 million = 1 2 million
1 1

c 9 × p = 0.027 million d p ÷ 2 = 5 000 000

3
e p – 5 million + 0.08 million = 115 096 f p ÷ 7 × 4 = 0.065 million
4
g p + 4 × 0.3 million = 1 5 million h p – 5 million × 6 = 2.09 million
8
7
i p + 1.04 million ÷ 16 = 1 000 000 j (1 10 million – p) ÷ 10 = 0.081 million

1.2.1 41
 PRIME NUMBERS AND COMPOSITE NUMBERS
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
I use yellow for prime numbers.
A prime number is only divisible by 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
itself and number 1.
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Those are composite numbers

except number 1.
What about numbers
that are not coloured?

2 Number 9 is a composite
number because it is
divisible by number 1, itself,
7 9 and other numbers without
any remainder.
7÷1=7 9÷1=9
7÷7=1 9÷9=1
9÷3=3

I am a prime number. TIPS

I can only be divided
Composite numbers
by the number 1 and are numbers that are
myself. not prime numbers,
0, and number 1.

€€Recall pupils' previous knowledge on prime numbers before introducing

42 composite numbers. 1.3.1
 3 Are 51 and 53 composite numbers? Explain.
51 can be divided 53 can be divided
by numbers 1, 3, 17, 51 by numbers 1 and
53 without any
and 51 without any 51 ÷ 1 = 51 53
remainder. 51 is a remainder. 53 is a
composite number.
51 ÷ 3 = 17 53 ÷ 1 = 53 prime number.
51 ÷ 17 = 3 53 ÷ 53 = 1
51 ÷ 51 = 1

51 is a composite number. 53 is a prime number.

4 Number
I have classified
Prime number Composite number numbers from 59
until 73 accordingly.

59 61 60 62 64

66

71 69 70

What are the missing numbers?

5 Complete the flow charts.

a 85 can 85 can also be 85 is

85 can be
be divided divided by numbers .
divided by itself.
by number 1. and .

b can can be
be divided can be divided divided by
by number 1. by itself. numbers 3 and 29.

€€Discuss composite numbers between 75 up to 100.

1.3.1 43
 TRY IT OUT NUMBER
TEMPLATES

Tools/Materials Number templates and coloured pencils.

Task
SCAN ME
1 Scan the QR code and print out the number template.
2 Colour all the composite numbers in red and prime numbers in yellow.
3 Collect and compile pupils’ work as a scrapbook.
79 67 61 23
100 88
52 81 78 15
47
80 91 54 16
99 10
31 17 2 53
11
73 43 19 89
80 95
82 56 90 86
97
37 23 41 3
52 30
24 85 56 4

LET’S DO IT
1 Are 47 and 74 prime numbers or composite numbers? Give reasons for
your answer.
2 Identify and classify prime numbers and composite numbers.

49 71 39 61 88 46 56

91 19 27 9 94 15 13

3 List all composite numbers which has digit 3 at the ones

place value, up to 100.

44 1.3.1
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 Rizal and Sharvina show their first
number cards. Rizal forms a number 4 095 180 4 095 188
pattern in ascending order by sixes.
Sharvina forms a number pattern in
ascending order by eights. At which
position in their number patterns will
the numbers be the same?

Rizal Sharvina
Solution

Understand the problem Plan the strategy

Rizal 4 095 180 ascending order by sixes Build Rizal and Sharvina’s
Sharvina 4 095 188 ascending order by eights number patterns.

Solve
Rizal’s fifth number and
Rizal’s number patttern Sharvina's third number
+6 +6 +6 +6 are the same.
4 095 180, 4 095 186, 4 095 192, 4 095 198, 4 095 204, ...
Sharvina’s number patttern
+8 +8 +8
4 095 188, 4 095 196, 4 095 204, 4 095 212, ...

Check
Rizal’s number pattern Sharvina’s number pattern
1 11
4 095 180 4 095 1 88
+ 24 + 16
4 095 204 4 095 204
fifth number third number

The third number in Sharvina’s number pattern is the same as

the fifth number in Rizal's number pattern.

€€Explain and emphasise the steps in problem-solving using Polya's model.

1.4.1 45
 2 The picture shows a number wheel. Jamal
turns the wheel and gets a composite number. 87
Rishi gets a prime number. 67 91
The difference between the two numbers is 14.
What number did Jamal get for that turn?
77 73
Solution 53
Understand the problem
• Jamal gets a composite number.
• Rishi gets a prime number.
• The difference between the two numbers is 14.
• What number did Jamal get?
Plan the strategy Rishi might
get 53, 67,
Classify composite and prime numbers. or 73.

Jamal Composite number Prime number

might get 77 53
77, 87,
or 91. 87 67
91 73

Solve

Use the
First Try Second Try
trial and Jamal gets 77. Jamal gets 87.
error
Rishi gets 53. Rishi gets 73.
method.
Difference Difference
77 – 53 = 24 87 – 73 = 14

Jamal got 87 for that turn.

Yanti gets a composite number and Dayang gets

a prime number when they turn the same number
wheel. The product of their numbers is 4 823.
What is the sum of the numbers?

€€Guide pupils to find keywords in the question.

46 1.4.1
 Palm oil export to country X is
214 4666 tonnes and 1 229 434 tonnes to
3 country Y. The export to country Z is
93 606 tonnes more than country X.

How many tonnes of palm oil are exported to countries Y and Z in total?

Solution

Understand • Country X, 214 466 tonnes.

the problem • Country Y, 1 229 434 tonnes.
• Country Z has 93 606 tonnes more than country X.
• Find the total number of palm oil exported to
countries Y and Z.
Plan the Country X 214 466
Draw
strategy 93 606 a diagram.
Country Z 214 466
Country Y 1 229 434

Solve 214 466 + 93 606 + 1 229 434 =

1 1 1 1 1
2 1 4 466 308 072
+ 93 606 + 1 229 434
308 072 1 537 506

Check 2 17 4 10 2 10 7 10 6 12
1 537 506 308 072
− 1 229 434 − 93 606
308 072 2 1 4 466
214 466 + 93 606 + 1 229 434 = 1 537 506
The total number of palm oil exported to countries Y and Z is
1 537 506 tonnes.

€€Provide more questions on constructing number sentences orally using

1.4.1 question cards. 47
 4 An electronics factory produces 2.46 million units of
light-emitting diode (LED). All the units are packed equally
into 80 boxes .The electronics factory delivers
2 boxes to Azlan Electric Shop. How many units of LED
are received by the shop?

Solution

Given • 2.46 million units of LED.

• Packed equally into 80 boxes.
• 2 boxes are sent to Azlan Electric Shop.
Asked for Number of units of LED received by Azlan Electric Shop.

Number sentence 2.46 million ÷ 80 × 2 =

Calculate 2.46 million ÷ 80 × 2 =

2.46 million = 2.46 × 1 000 000
= 2 460 000

30 750 Check the answer

80 2 4 6 0 000 using a calculator.
−2 4 0 1 1
60 3 0 7 5 0
− 0 × 2
60 0 6 1 5 0 0
−5 6 0
4 00
−4 00
00
− 0
0

2.46 million ÷ 80 × 2 = 61 500

The number of units of LED received by Azlan Electric Shop is 61 500 units.

€€Vary questions on mixed operations of multiplication and division

48 involving brackets. 1.4.1
 5 A company delivered 0.03 million seats
to a new stadium. Then, it sent another
30 containers of seats to the stadium.
Each container carried 580 seats.
What is the total number of seats
delivered to the new stadium?

Solution

Given Delivered 0.03 million seats.

30 containers carried 580 seats each.
Asked for Total number of seats delivered to the new stadium.

Number sentence 0.03 million + 30 × 580 =

Calculate 0.03 million + 30 × 580 = (0.03 × 1 000 000) + 30 × 580

= 30 000 + 30 × 580 2
= 30 000 + 17 400 5 80
× 30
= 47 400 1 7 400
30 000
+ 1 7 400
47 400
Check

47 400 580 I check the answer using this

– 30 000 30 1 7 400 number sentence.
−1 5 0 (47 400 – 30 000) ÷ 30 = 580
1 7 400 2 40
−2 40
00
− 0
0

0.03 million + 30 × 580 = 47 400

The total number of seats delivered to the new stadium is 47 400 seats.

€€Carry out activities in pairs to create number sentences based on problems

1.4.1 given to reinforce pupils' understanding. 49
 6 Teguh Berjaya Company gains a profit of RM3.4 million. The company
has 5 subsidiaries. Each subsidiary receives a bonus of RM0.26 million
from the profit. What is the balance of the profit?

Solution

Given • Profit of Teguh Berjaya Company is RM3.4 million.

• 5 subsidiaries.
• Each subsidiary receives a bonus of RM0.26 million.

Asked for Balance of profit.

Number sentence RM3.4 million – 5 × RM0.26 million =

Calculate

1 3
RM 0 . 2 6 million RM 3 . 4 million
× 5 – RM 1 . 3 million
RM 1 . 3 0 million RM 2 . 1 million

Check
RM 3 . 4 million RM 0 . 2 6 million
– RM 2 . 1 million 5 RM 1 . 3 0 million
RM 1 . 3 million −0
1 3
−1 0
3 0
− 3 0
0

RM3.4 million – 5 × RM0.26 million = RM2.1 million

The balance of profit of Teguh Berjaya Company is RM2.1 million.

€€Pupils can use a calculator to check their answers.

50 1.4.1
 7 A businessman owns 4 clothing stores P, Q , R, and T.
1
He distributes 8 million pieces of clothes equally to his
4 stores. Store R has 0.004 million pieces of unsold
clothes. What is the number of clothes in store R now?

Solution

• 4 stores P, Q , R, and T.
1
• 8 million pieces of clothes distributed equally to 4 stores.
• Store R has 0.004 million pieces of unsold clothes.
• What is the number of clothes in store R now?

1
8 million pieces of clothes distributed equally to 4 stores.

P Q R T
1 1 1 1
8 million ÷ 4 8 million ÷ 4 8 million ÷ 4 8 million ÷ 4

Has 0.004 million

pieces of unsold clothes
Add the number of
clothes received and Total number of clothes in store R
the number of unsold 1
clothes. 8 million ÷ 4
and 0.004 million

1
8 million ÷ 4 + 0.004 million = Convert 1 million to
8
1 a decimal of a million
8 million ÷ 4 + 0.004 million = 125 000 ÷ 4 + 4 000 and solve it.
= 31 250 + 4 000
= 35 250
1
8 million ÷ 4 + 0.004 million = 35 250

The number of clothes in store R is 35 250 pieces.

€€Give other examples for pupils to try various strategies to solve problems,
1.4.1 such as simulation. 51
 8 A telecommunication company received 1.602 million prepaid cards worth
3
RM5 each and 4 million prepaid cards worth RM10 each. All the cards
will be distributed equally to 1 000 telephone shops. How many prepaid
cards are allocated for one shop?

Solution

Types of
Number of cards
prepaid cards
RM5 1.602 million
3
RM10 million
4
Total cards Distributed equally to 1 000 telephone shops
How many prepaid cards are allocated for one shop?
3
(1.602 million + 4 million) ÷ 1 000 =

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

1.602 million = 1.602 × 1 000 000 1 2 352 000

= 1 602 000 1 602 000 = 2 352
+ 750 000
1 000
3 3
4 million = 4 × 1 000 000 2 352 000
= 0.75 × 1 000 000
= 750 000

Check the answer based on this

number sentence.
2 352 × 1 000 − 1.602 million =

3
(1.602 million + 4 million) ÷ 1 000 = 2 352

The number of prepaid cards allocated for one shop is 2 352 units.

€€Guide pupils to record important information concisely.

52 1.4.1
 Underline
9 A publishing company prints 1 million Malay language the important
10 information.
newspapers and 0.002 million English language
newspapers daily. What was the total number of newspapers
printed in February 2020?

Solution

Malay language English language

1 0.002 million Number of newspapers
million
10 printed daily.

February 2020 had

29 days because 2020 FEBRUARY 2020
SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT
was a leap year.
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29

1
( 10 million + 0.002 million) × 29 =
1
( 10 million + 0.002 million) × 29 = (100 000 + 2 000) × 29 1
= 102 000 × 29 1 02 000
Check = 2 958 000 × 29
9 1 8 000
2 958 000 ÷ 29 – 0.002 million = 102 000 – 2 000 +2 040 000
= 100 000 2 958 000
100 000
=( ) million
1 000 000
1
= million
10
1
( 10 million + 0.002 million) × 29 = 2 958 000

The total number of newspapers printed in February 2020 was 2 958 000.

€€Using story cards, provide more exercises on forming number sentences

1.4.1 orally based on problems given. 53
 10 p primary school pupils and 0.85 million secondary school pupils €
took part in an online health quiz. The total number of participants €
is 1.05 million. Calculate the value of p in a whole number.

Solution
•  p primary school pupils
• 0.85 million secondary school pupils
• Total number of participants is 1.05 million.
• Find the value of p in a whole number.
1.05 million
p 0.85 million
p + 0.85 million = 1.05 million

p + 0.85 million = 1.05 million

p = 1.05 million – 0.85 million
p = 0.2 million
p = 0.2 × 1 000 000
p = 200 000

Check
200 000
200 000 + 0.85 million = ( ) million + 0.85 million
1 000 000
= 0.2 million + 0.85 million
= 1.05 million

200 000 + 0.85 million = 1.05 million

The value of p is 200 000.

There are m number of primary school boys. The difference in

the number of secondary school boys and primary school boys
who took part in the health quiz is 0.515 million. The number of
secondary school boys is 0.6 million. Find the value of m.

€€Give problem-solving questions on basic operations, that is addition, subtraction,€

54 multiplication, and division involving unknown to strengthen pupils’ mastery of skills. 1.4.1
 11 Zing Shoe Factory produces m pairs of sport shoes.
The factory distributes 0.086 million pairs to each
warehouse in 13 states. 1 482 000 pairs of shoes €
are not yet distributed. Calculate the value of m in €
decimal of a million.

Solution

• Produces m pairs of sport shoes.

• Distributes 0.086 million pairs of sport shoes
to each warehouse in 13 states.
• 1 482 000 pairs are not yet distributed.
• Calculate the value of m in decimal of a million.

m pairs of sport shoes

1 482 000 pairs of sport shoes are not yet distributed

0.086 million m – 13 × 0.086 million = 1 482 000

m – 13 × 0.086 million = 1 482 000

m – 13 × 86 000 = 1 482 000 1
m – 1 118 000 = 1 482 000 86 000
m = 1 482 000 + 1 118 000 × 13
m = 2 600 0000 1
258 000
m = 2.6 million + 860 000
Check 1 1 1 8 000
2.6 million – 13 × 0.086 million =
21 9
0.0 8 6 million 5 10 10
× 13 2. 6 0 0 million
1 1 – 1 . 1 1 8 million
0 258
1 . 4 8 2 million
+00 860
1 . 1 1 8 million 1.482 million = 1.482 × 1 000 000
= 1 482 000
2.6 million – 13 × 0.086 million = 1 482 000
The value of m is 2.6 million.

€€Give examples that involve unknown to strengthen pupils’ mastery of skills.

1.4.1 55
 LET’S DO IT MONDAY 7 MARCH 2022
Number pattern
1 Wan writes a
number pattern 6 008 351, 6 009 351, 6 010 351, 6 011 351, ...
on a whiteboard.
What is the
seventh number
in the number
pattern?

2 The following are eight number cards.

97 83 47 36 73 79 90 96
Mary is asked to find the difference between the largest composite number
and the smallest prime number.
a What is her answer?
b State whether her answer is a prime number or a composite number.
7
3 A manufacturer of COVID-19 vaccine distributes 4 10 million doses of
vaccine to Country X. Country Y receives 1.06 million doses lesser than
Country X. What is the total number of doses of vaccine distributed by
the manufacturer?

4 ABZ Printing Company prints 0.063 million books. All the books are packed
equally into 90 boxes. The company delivers 4 boxes to
Alma Book Store. How many books are delivered to Alma Book Store?
7
5 Karim Electronic Company sends 2 10 million earphones to
wholesaler A and 6 boxes of earphones to wholesaler B. Each
box has 0.009 million earphones. How many earphones
are sent to wholesalers A and B in total?

56 1.4.1
 6 The table shows the number of blue pens and black pens in boxes M and N.
Box M N
Pen Blue Black
Number 2
million 0.04 million
of pens 5
A multinational company donated a box of M and 8 boxes of N to several
schools in Johor in conjunction with World Children's Day. Calculate the
difference in the number of blue pens and black pens donated by the company.
7 Factory Q produces 0.05 million containers of baulu cakes.
The cakes are distributed equally to supermarket T and
9 other supermarkets. Supermarket T sold 2 900 containers
of the cakes. What is the number of containers of unsold
cakes in supermarket T?
8 In conjunction with the holy month of Ramadan, the number of boxes of honey
dates A and honey dates B marketed weekly are as follows:

Honey dates A Honey dates B

1
0.45 million boxes 2 million boxes

What is the total number of boxes of honey dates A and honey dates B
marketed in 4 weeks?
9 An oil company produces 1 3 million gallons of petrol. 0.017 million gallons are
8
stored and the rest are distributed equally to 97 petrol stations. Does each
station receive 0.014 million gallons? Prove it.

1.4.1 57
 LET'S PRACTISE
1 Write the numbers in numerals or words.
a 3 518 042 b 1 090 256 c 4 007 980 d 5 040 019
e eight million seven hundred nine thousand one hundred and eighty-one
f nine million two hundred fifty-three thousand
g two million fifty thousand eight hundred and six
2 Five number cards are arranged in a certain pattern as below.
8 007 056 8 007 068 8 007 080 x y
a State the pattern. b What are the values of x and y ?
3 Classify the following numbers into composite numbers and prime numbers.

11 8 24 29 35 41 67 80

4 Write the numbers in words or numerals.

a 1 34 million b one-eighth of a million c five and seven-tenths of a million
5 Convert decimal of a million or fraction of a million into whole numbers.
a 0.2 million 1 3 9
b 1.095 million c 5 million d 4 8 million e 6 10 million
6 Complete the following table.

Whole number 3 500 000

Decimal of a million 0.6 million 2.8 million
3 5
Fraction of a million million 9 8 million
4
7 Solve these.
1
a 8 500 000 + 790 680 = b 1 2 million + 1.192 million =
1
c 8.01 million – 4 10 million – 2 650 000 = d 14 × 0.46 million =
8 Calculate. State answers in decimal of a million.
1
a 7 × 1 10 million = b 9.225 million ÷ 3 =
1
9 a 8.551 million ÷ 17 = b 6 4 million ÷ 25 =
State the answer in a State the answer in fraction of
whole number. a million.

1.1.1,
1.1.2, 1.1.3,
58 1.1.4, 1.1.5,
1.2.1, 1.3.1
 10 Calculate.
a 0.8 million – 440 000 + 1 25 million =
3
b 6 10 million ÷ 9 × 7 =
Give the answer in decimal State the answer in fraction
of a million. of a million.
1
c 1.05 million + 8 × 9 million = d 4 × (1.36 million – 4 million) =
10
1 3
e 3.7 million + 1 2 million ÷ 6 = f (5.03 million – 2 4 million) ÷ 8 =
11 Find the value of k.
a k – 0.7 million + 1.02 million = 590 000 b k ÷ 2 × 5 = 0.01 million
c k + 1.2 million × 4 = 7 34 million d 8.007 million – k ÷ 6 = 7.9 million
3
e (k + 0.013 million) × 24 = 408 000 f (6 8 million – k) ÷ 10 = 0.46 million
12 Solve the following problems.
a A battery factory produces 4.082 million batteries of AA size. The factory produces
4
size C batteries which are 1 5 million lesser than the number of AA size, and
860 000 batteries of size D. What is the total number of size C and D batteries
produced?
b A library has 1 41 million books. Damaged books are kept in 3 boxes. Each box has
0.003 million books. How many books are in good condition?
c 5 printing machines are used to print 3 87 million pamphlets. Each machine can print
equal numbers of pamphlets. How many pamphlets can be printed by 7 printing
machines of the same type?
2
d A factory produced 5 million table tennis balls. 0.04 million balls are separated for
orders while the remaining balls are distributed equally to 100 sports store. Is the
number of table tennis balls distributed to the stores less than 4 000 balls? Prove it.
e In conjunction with the festive season, Siti Cake Shop received orders for peanut
and dahlia biscuits. The table shows the number of orders received by each
supermarket.
Biscuit Peanut Dahlia
1
Number of jars 0.06 million million
8
What is the total number of jars of peanut biscuits and dahlia biscuits
ordered by 15 supermarkets?

1.2.1,
1.4.1 59
 GAME BOARD AND
RULES FOR MARKER
MOVEMENTS

LET'S EXPLORE
Tools/Materials 16 question cards, dice, papers, pens,
100-squared grid, and 4 markers SCAN ME

of different colours 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Participants 5 pupils (4 players 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
and a referee) 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
How to play 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
1 Choose a marker and determine turns.
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
2 The first player rolls the dice and move the marker 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
according to the number shown on
the dice. 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
3 Determine whether the marker lands on a prime 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
number square or a composite number square.
4 If it lands on a prime number square, choose a 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
question from the prime number room. If it lands on
a composite number, choose from the composite RULES TO MOVE MARKER FOR
number room. CORRECT ANSWER
5 Write down calculations and answers on a piece Move 19 spaces to the right
of paper. Move 16 spaces to the right
6 The referee checks each answer. If the answer is
correct, the player moves the marker based on rules Move 8 spaces to the right
given. If incorrect, the marker remains. Move 10 spaces to the right
7 Take turns until the fourth round of play.
Move 13 spaces to the right
8 The player with the largest number, wins.
Prime Number Room Composite Number Room
7
1 4 21 million + 2.9 million = 1 8 10 million – 5.084 million =
3
2 6 38 million ÷ 15 = 2 9 × 10 million =
3 3.92 million – 120 000 + 3 25 million = 3 2 87 million ÷ 20 × 6 =
1 1
4 4.09 million + 5 × 4 million = 4 6 × (0.98 million – 4 million) =
9
5 (5 million – 2 10 million) ÷ 7 = 5 0.4 million + 1 51 million ÷ 4 =
6 (k + 0.1 million) × 19 = 2 394 000. Find the 6 9.2 million – k ÷ 4 = 8.9 million. Calculate
value of k. the value of k.
7 Country A had 4 35 million patients of 7 In a patriotic song competition, Fella
COVID-19. The number showed a weekly gets 2 35 million votes while Razif gets twice
rise of 0.007 million patients. What was the
the number of votes. What is their total
total number of patients by the third week?
number of votes?

€€Vary questions for the activity in Let’s Explore to prevent pupils from memorizing 1.1.5, 1.2.1, 1.3.1,
60 answers. 1.4.1
€€Scan the QR code. Print out the game board and rules for marker movements.
 2 FRACTIONS, DECIMALS,
AND PERCENTAGES

DIVISION OF FRACTIONS
DIVIDING PROPER FRACTIONS WITH WHOLE NUMBERS
1

4
Anis, please cut parts of this
5
pudding into 2 equal parts.
Alright, mother.

4
What is the fraction of one part after puddings are cut into 2 equal parts?
5
1
4÷2= 5
5
4 is cut into 2 equal 4 4
÷2 All will be 10 . €
5 5
parts. There are 4 parts The simplest form
1 4 2
of .
10 1 of 10 is 5 .
10

4
10

4 ÷ 2=2
10 ÷ 2 5

4 ÷2= 2 2
5 5 5
2
The fraction of one part will be .
5

€€Conduct simulation to explain the concept of dividing a proper fraction with €

2.1.1 a whole number. 61
61
€€Scan the AR for the explanation on the concept of dividing proper fractions with
whole numbers.
 2 Divide 3 of the pizza into 6 equal parts.
4
What is the fraction of each part?
3
÷6=
4

1
4
1 1 1 CONCEPT OF
DIVIDING
4 4 8 FRACTIONS

3 6
÷ 6 = 3 ÷ 6 6= 1
4 4 1 SCAN ME

1
=3× Inverse operation and divisor.
4 6
1
1
=3× Perform cancellation.
4 6
2
=1 3 of the pizza is divided into 9 equal parts.
8
4
What is the fraction of one part? Discuss.
3 1
÷6= 8
4
1
Each part will be .
8

3 8÷4=
9

8
÷ 4 = 8 ÷ 4
9 9
8
=9

8
÷4=
9

€€Make sure pupils do not cancel numerator with a numerator or denominator with €
62 a denominator while performing the cancellation. 2.1.1
 DIVIDING MIXED NUMBERS WITH WHOLE NUMBERS
1 1 m
4
1m 1m
I'm going to cut €
2 1 m of this ribbon
4
into 3 strips of
equal length.
1 strip 1 strip 1 strip

What is the length, in fractions, of each ribbon strip?

2 41 m ÷ 3 = m
• Convert the mixed numbers, 2 41 to
TIPS
9 3
2 41 ÷ 3 = ÷
4 1 improper fraction, 9 .
3 4
9 1 3 1
= × • Inverse to .
4 3 1 3
1 • Perform cancellation (if needed).
=3 • Multiply numerator with numerator.
4 • Multiply denominator with denominator.
• State the answer in the simplest form.
2 41 m ÷ 3 = 3 m
4
3
The length of each ribbon strip is m.
4

2 2 2 ÷ 20 =
5

2 25 ÷ 20 =  12 ÷
20 Is the answer for 2 25 ÷ 20
5 1
3 the same as 20 ÷ 2 25 ?
12 1 Explain.
= ×
5 20
5
3
=
25
2 25 ÷ 20 = 3
25

€€Remind pupils to identify numerators and denominators that can be cancelled

2.1.1 first. 63
€€Emphasise that inverses only involve divisor and operation.
 DIVIDING PROPER FRACTIONS WITH PROPER FRACTIONS
1 How many attempts can 1
I have of water.
be made? 1 2
I use of the water
4
1 1 for every attempt to see
÷ =
2 4
the distance of the water
rocket's movement.

1
2

1
4 2
1 1 1 4
÷ = ×
2 4 2 1
1
2
=1
=2

1 1
2÷ 4= 2

The number of attempts is 2.

1 2
2 How many are there in ?
6 3
2
3

2 1
3 ÷ = 2
6 3

1 =
6

€€Use the method of folding paper and shading a diagram to divide €

64 two proper fractions. 2.1.1
 DIVIDING MIXED NUMBERS WITH PROPER FRACTIONS
1
1 How many kg are there in 1 21 kg?
4
1 21 kg ÷ 1 kg =
4
1 21 kg 1
kg
4
Method 1

1 1 1 1 1 1
1 2 2 4 4 4 4 Divide the diagrams into €
4 equal parts.
1 1 1 1
2 2 4 4

1 21 3
2
Method 2
2
1 1 3 4 There are 6 parts
1 2 ÷ = × 1
4 2 1 of .
1 4
=6
1 21 kg ÷ 1 kg = 6
4
1
There are 6 parts of kg in 1 21 kg.
4

2 6 92 ÷ 7 =
8

Sara’s answer Hanis’ answer

7
6 92 ÷ 7 = 56 ÷ 6 92 ÷ 7 = 56 ÷ 7
8 9 8 8 9 8 Whose answer is correct?
1 8 Why?
9 8 56 8
= × = 9 ×7
56 7
7 1
64
=
9 = 9
49
= 7 91

€€Give other examples of dividing two fractions with the same denominator. €
2.1.1 1 1 11 5 65
For example: 2 5 ÷ 5
= 5
× 1
 1 1
3 7 ÷ = 14
What is the value in  ?
1÷ Let’s check
= 1 the answer.
Simple example. 7 14
6 ÷ 2 = 3 = 1 ÷ 1
7 14
2 = 6 ÷ 3 2 1 ÷2= 1 ÷ 2
1
= × 14 7 1
7
7 1
1
= 2 = 1 × 1
7 2
1
÷ 2 = 1
7 14 = 1
14
The value in is 2.

4 ÷ 3 = 8 4
4 5
Calculate the value in  .
÷ 3 = 8 45
Relate division 4
Simple example.
with multiplication.
6 ÷ 2 = 3 ÷ 3 = 44
4 5
6 = 3 × 2 11
3
= 44 × 4
5
=33 1
5
= 6 35

6 3 ÷ 3 = 8 4
5 4 5

The value in is 6 3 .

5
1
 1 ÷ =2

Complete  ,  , and with digits 1, 2, or 3 so that the

THINK
number sentence will be true.
SMART

€€Encourage pupils to check the answer by filling in the unknown value in a

66 number sentence and solve it. 2.1.1
 LET’S DO IT
1 Calculate.
a 1 ÷5= × = b 6÷9= × =
5 7

c 2 1 ÷ 28 = × = d 9 3 ÷ 30 = × =
3 4

2 Calculate.
a 1÷1=   b 5÷2=   c 7÷2=  
2 6 8 7 9 3

d 4 1 ÷ 5 = e 10 2 ÷ 4 = f 1 5 ÷ 3 =

6 9 5 5 7 4

3 Solve these.
a How many 1 are there in 2 ? b How many 5 are there in 1 10 ?
7
5 9 6
c There are 42 parts of 1 m in 10 1 m of fabric. Is the statement true?
4 2
Prove it.

4 Find the value in .

a 1÷ =
1
b ÷
9
= 1 56
8 6 10
2
c 1 1 ÷ =2 d ÷4=
2 5

5 Calculate. 6 Complete these.

5
a What is 1 ÷ 3? a
2 as as 8
3 3 3 1
b How many are there in 5 ?
7 4
÷2 12 ÷ 3 3 81 ÷
2
1
c Divide 7 9 by 3 . b 2 21
as as
1 1

3
d Is 1 41 ÷ the same as 3 21 ÷ 3 41 ÷ 2 1 21 ÷
10 3

3
÷ 1 41 ? Prove it.
10

€€Provide more exercises for drilling by giving simple questions and questions that
2.1.1 are in progressive forms. 67
 BASIC OPERATIONS
MULTIPLICATION OF DECIMALS
1 The diagram shows the positions of R, €
0.4 km
S, and T. The distance of ST is 0.3 times €
the distance of RS. What is the distance, R S T
in km, from S to T?
0.3 × 0.4 km = km
Method 1 Shade 0.4 Shade 0.3

4 × 10 3 × 10 There are 12 €
0.4 = 0.3 =
10 × 10 10 × 10
overlapping squares.
40 30
=   =   12
100 100 = 0.12
100

Method 2 0.3 × 0.4 = 3 × 4   Method 3

10 10 1
3×4 0.3 1 decimal place
= × 0.4
10 × 10 1 decimal place
12 1 2
= +0 0 0
100
= 0.12 0. 1 2 2 decimal places

0.3 × 0.4 km = 0.12 km The distance from S to T is 0.12 km.

2 81.2 × 4.9 =
1 1
8 1 .2 The position of decimal point
TIPS
× 4.9 of the product depends on the
73 0 8 total number of decimal places
+ 32 4 8 0
of the number multiplied.
3 9 7.8 8
81.2 × 4.9 = 397.88

€€Pupils can check the answers using other methods such as by using €
68 2.2.1
a calculator.
 3 Calculate the mass of the ostrich egg.
4.5 × 260.13 g = g
2 1
3 1
2 6 0.1 3 2 decimal places
× 4.5 1 decimal place
1 3 0 0 6 5
The mass of an + 1 040520
The mass of a ostrich egg is 4.5 1 1 7 0.5 8 5 3 decimal places
kiwi egg times the mass of a
is 260.13 g. kiwi egg. 4.5 × 260.13 g = 1 170.585   g
The mass of the ostrich egg is 1 170.585 g.

4 0.6 × 0.39 =

Write 0 and the Method 2 Method 3

decimal point before 2. 6 39
2 5 0.6 × 0.39 = ×
0.3 9 10 100
Method 1 × 0.6 6 × 39
=
2 5 2 3 4 10 × 100
0.3 9 +0000 234
× 0.6 =
10 × 100
0.2 3 4 234
=
1 000
=

Do method 2 and
method 3 give the
answer of 0.234?

1 . 3 × 6 . 2 = 8.06 or 6 . 2 × 1 . 3 = 8.06
Rearrange the position of numbers 1, 2, 3, and 6 €
THINK to complete the number sentence below.
SMART . × . = 8.06

€€Encourage pupils to use various methods of calculation such as lattice

2.2.1 69
multiplication.
 DIVISION OF DECIMALS

I will pour 2.5of the orange juice equally into

1 a few bottles. Each bottle contains 0.5.

2.5
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

0.5 0.5 0.5

How many bottles will be needed?

2.5 ÷ 0.5 =

Method 1
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Method 2 Method 3
Step 1 Step 2 25 5
2.5 ÷ 0.5 = 10  ÷  
10
5 5 1
0.5 2.5
5 25 25
=  ×
10
 
× 10 × 10 –2 5 10 5
0 1 1
=5
2.5 ÷ 0.5 = 5
The number of bottles that will be needed is 5.

2 Is the calculation
0.3 ÷ 0.15 = shown here correct?
Discuss.
0.5
0.3 0. 1 5 3 1 .5
× 10 × 10 –0
1 5
–1 5
0

€€Convert divisor and dividend to whole numbers by multiplying by 10, 100, or €

70 2.2.2
1 000 depending on the number of decimal places of the divisor.
 3 How much more is the price of a
My price is I am only
RM0.80.
pen that costs RM6.00 compared to
RM6.00.
a pen that costs RM0.80?
RM6.00 ÷ RM0.80 =

Step 1 Step 2

RM0.80 0.80 6.00 7.5

EACH 80 6 0 0.0
× 100 × 100 – 56 0
RM6.00
EACH 400
–400
0
RM6.00 ÷ RM0.80 = 7.5
The price of a pen that costs RM6.00 is 7.5 times more compared to €
a pen that costs RM0.80.

4 A tea bag
0.1 kg of tea
0.002 kg
a
Delicious Te
0.1 kg

How many tea bags of 0.002 kg can you get from 0.1 kg of tea leaves?
0.1 kg ÷ 0.002 kg =
Step 1 Step 2

0.002 0. 1 0 0 50
2 1 00
× 1 000 × 1 000 –1 0
00
– 0
0
0.1 kg ÷ 0.002 kg = 50
I can get a total of 50 tea bags from 0.1 kg of tea leaves.

If the weight of 1 tea bag is 0.005 kg,

how many tea bags will I get from 0.1 kg €
of tea leaves? Discuss.

€€Show other calculation methods to get the answers.€

2.2.2 1 2 71
For example, 0.1 ÷ 0.002 = ÷
10 1 000
.
 5 × 0.4 = 2.68 6 Solve it.
Find the value of . 0.093 ÷ = 0.012

Simple example. Simple example.

0.093 ÷ = 0.012
× 3 = 6 6÷ =3
=6÷3 6÷3= 0.093 ÷ 0.012 =

× 0.4 = 2.68 Step 1 Step 2

= 2.68 ÷ 0.4
Step 1 Step 2 0.012 0.09 3 .
× 1 000 × 1 000 12 9 3.0 0
0.4 2.68 . –
4 2 6.8
× 10 × 10 – –

– –
0 0

LET’S DO IT
1 Calculate.
a 0.7 × 0.3 = b 0.9 × 1.1 = c 4.8 × 2.5 =
d 8.91 × 1.6 = e 3.7 × 50.08 = f 2.8 × 0.14 =
2 Calculate.
a 9.5 ÷ 1.9 = b 0.8 ÷ 0.02 = c 3.417 ÷ 3.4 =
d 0.33 ÷ 0.006 = e 36.848 ÷ 5.6 = f 7.2 ÷ 0.75 =

3 Solve these.
The number in are
the product of the two numbers 2.88 7.2
below it. are the dividends.
0.5 0.6
Find the values in and .

€€Provide various forms of questions such as calculating the product€

72 or the quotient. 2.2.1, 2.2.2
€€Conduct 21st Century Learning activity such as Showdown to answer questions
to enhance pupils' understanding.
 CONVERT DECIMALS TO PERCENTAGES
1 Alia sold a cake in the morning.
Then, she sold another half in €
the evening. Altogether, Alia sold €
1.5 cakes.

Convert 1.5 to percentage.

1.5 =  %

Method 1 Represent the

cakes with a
100-squared grid.

100 1 1.5 = 1 + 0.5

1= = 100% = 0.5
100 2
5 × 10 = 100% + 50%
=
10 × 10 = 150%
50
=
Method 2 100
5 = 50%
1.5 = 1 10
15
=
10 Method 3
15
= ×100% 1.5 = 1.50 × 100%
10
= 150% = 150%

1.5 = 150 %

2
Complete the values of percentages.

100%  %  %  %  %

1.0 1.7 2.0 2.2 3.0

€€Carry out paper-folding activities to enhance the understanding of percentages.

2.3.1 The % symbol must be written when writing percentages. 73
 3 State 175% in decimal.
175% =

25% 25%
100%
25%

100% 75%

Method 1 Method 2
175% = 100% + 75% 175
100 75 175% =
= + 100
100 100 = 175 ÷ 100
= 1.00 + 0.75 = 1.75
= 1.75

175% = 1.75

4 State 910% in decimal.

910% = Are the two answers
the same?
Discuss.
Method 1 Method 2
1
910 910% = 910 ×
910% = 100
=   =
=  

LET’S DO IT
Complete the table.

Decimals 1.08 6.7

Percentages 345% 206%

€€Ask pupils to convert decimals to percentages or vice versa.

74 2.3.1
 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF PERCENTAGES
1 a Calculate the total percentage of vitamin B6, calcium, and iron for a
serving of 30 g of grains with 125 m of skimmed milk as below.

Content of 46% + 24% + 16% =

L IC IO US Vitamins and Minerals 1

DE INS
% per 30 g serving 4 6%

GRA Vitamin B6 --------- 46% 2 4%

Calcium ----------- 24% + 1 6%
Iron ---------------- 16% 8 6%
46% + 24% + 16% = 86%
The total percentage of vitamin B6, calcium, and iron is 86%.
b What is the difference in percentage between calcium and iron?
24% – 16% =
1 14
2 4%
– 1 6%
8%
24% – 16% = 8% %
The difference in percentage between calcium and iron is 8%.

2 67% – 18% – 9% =
Step 1 Step 2

5 17
6 7% 4 9%
– 1 8% – 9%
x x x x x x x x x x 4 9% 4 0%
x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
Try to add 18% and 9% first. Then,
deduct the total from 67%. Is the
answer the same? Discuss.

67% – 18% – 9% = 40%

€€Remind pupils to write the percentage symbol in their answers.

2.3.2 €€Encourage pupils to eat a balanced diet every day. 75
 3 Made of What is the percentage of
wool used in this winter
Wool is 80% more than
jacket compared to
synthetic fiber.
synthetic fiber?
10% of synthetic fiber.

1 0%
Synthetic fiber 10% + 8 0%
Wool 10% 80% more %

The percentage of wool used is  %.

LET’S DO IT 2

Solve this cross-number puzzle. 1

3 6 8

5 7

Horizontal Vertical
1 50% + 28% = 2 84% + 39% + 60% =
3 76% + 25% + 93% + 8% = 4 217% + 304% =
5 101% – 36% = 6 320% – 95% =
7 800% – 47% – 209% = 8 406% – 248% – 77% =

€€Build cross-number puzzles involving various questions of addition and

76 2.3.2
subtraction of percentages. Encourage pupils to come out with their own
questions in groups.
 THE VALUE OF QUANTITY AND THE VALUE OF PERCENTAGES
1 What is the length of 90% of 2.5 m of the rope? The length of my rope €
is 2.5 m.
90% of 2.5 m = 90% × 2.5 m
90% × 2.5 m = m

Method 1
90
90% × 2.5 m = × 2.5 m
100
9 × 2.5
= m
10
22.5
= m
10
= 2.25 m

Method 2
90 The length of this rope is 90% €
90% × 2.5 m = × 2.5 m of your rope, James.
100 4
= 0.9 × 2.5 m 2.5m
× 0.9
= 2.25 m
2.2 5m

90% × 2.5 m = 2.25 m

The length of 90% of 2.5 m of the rope is 2.25 m.

2 Calculate the volume of 240% of 1.8 of juice.

240% × 1.8 = 
240% × 1.8 = 240 × 1.8 THINK
100
SMART
= × 1.8 Given 200% × 5.5 = 11,
= ×  % × 2.75 = 11
= 
What is the value in ?
240% of 1.8 of juice is .

€€Carry out a quiz to convert percentages to decimals or fractions. €

2.3.3 3 77
For example, 130% = 1.3 or 130% = 1 10 .
 3 Based on the table, calculate the jumping Jumping
distance of the second attempt compared to Attempt
distance (m)
the first attempt in percentage.
First 1.6
1.68 m compared to 1.6 m = % Second 1.68
1.68
× 100% = %
1.6
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

1.68 1.6 1 6 8.0 1 05

× 100% 161 680
1.6 × 10 × 10 –1 6
= 1.68 × 100  % 08
1.6
168 – 0
= % 80
1.6
– 80
0

1.68 m compared to 1.6 m is 105 %.

4 Initially, I wanted to plant What is the percentage of 1.75 acres

1.4 acres of green plants. compared to 1.4 acres?
In the end, € 1.75
I managed to plant € × 100% =
1.4
1.75 acres.
1.75
× 100% = 1.75 × 100  %
1.4 1.4
175
=  %
1.4
= %
1.75 acres compared to 1.4 acres is %.

Is the answer 450%

5 4.05 kg or 4.5%?
0.9 kg × 100% = % .
0.9 4.05 9 4 0.5
–
× 10 × 10
–

€€Emphasise that the symbol % must be written for the value of percentages.
78 2.3.3
 LET’S DO IT
1 Calculate the value of quantities for each of the following.
a 80% of 4.8 kg b 50% of 7.6 
c 360% of 29.5 m d 470% of 54.32 km
e 125% of 1.6 hours f 500% of 20.2 minutes
2 Calculate the percentage.
I am Ben.
a
I am Amir.
1.2 kg
0.6 kg

The mass of Amir’s red beans is % compared to the mass of

Ben’s red beans.
b
Q
P 8.64
3.6

The volume of water in container Q is % compared to the volume of

water in container P.
c 20.77 m compared to 6.2 m.
d 0.72 hour compared to 0.45 hour.

3 Solve these.
a State the length, in m, for 230% of 6.5 m clothes.
b What is the percentage of 10.2 kg of old newspapers collected compared to
the 8.5 kg target at the beginning?
c  Target of pocket money to be saved on Monday RM1.50
Pocket money which was successfully saved RM1.80
What is the percentage of pocket money which was successfully
saved compared to the targeted amount?

€€Guide pupils to determine the correct method to get the answer.

2.3.3 79
 MIXED OPERATIONS
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION
1 The volume of the three water
containers P, Q, and R is as shown
in the picture. How much more is the
volume of water, in, in containers P 1
3 0.8
and Q compared to container R? 
4
3
1 +  – 0.8 =  P Q R
4
Calculation 1
My answer in
3 Step 1 Step 2 decimal is 0.95.
= 0.75
4 0 17
1 .00 1 .75
+ 0.75 − 0.80
1 .75 0.95

Calculation 2 8
0.8 = 
10 My answer in fraction
3 3×5 8×2 is 19.
1+ – 0.8 = 1 + – 20
4 4 × 5 10 × 2
20 15 16
= + –
20 20 20
35 16
= –
20 20
19
TIPS
= Solve the operations
20 from left to right.
3
1 +  – 0.8 = 0.95  or 19 
4 20
19
The volume of water in containers P and Q is 0.95or more than in
20
container R.

3
Is 1 +
4
– 0.8 = the same as 1 + 0.75 – 45 =  ?
Discuss.

€€Emphasise that when subtracting decimals in vertical form, the decimal points
80 must be aligned. 2.4.1
€€Carry out question and answer session on converting fractions to decimals or €
vice versa to enhance pupils’ competency in calculation.
 2 1
4 kg of sugar 3.15 kg of sugar used € 1 2 kg of sugar
to make kuih. added in.

What is the current mass, in kg, of sugar?

4 kg – 3.15 kg + 1 21 kg = kg
Step 1 Step 2
9
3 10 10 1 1 21 = 1 + 1
4.0 0 0.8 5 2
– 3. 1 5 + 1 .5 0 = 1 + 0.5
0.8 5 2.3 5
= 1.5

4 kg – 3.15 kg + 1 21 kg = 2.35 kg

The current mass of sugar is 2.35 kg.

3 20 51 – (9.5 + 7) =

Card 1 Card 2
Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2

1 20 51 – 10.2 20 51 – 16.5

9.5 9.5
+ 7 = 20.2 – 10.2 + 7.0 = 20.2 – 16.5
1 0.2 = 10 1 6.5 = 3.7

Which calculation is correct?

€€Guide pupils to master the conversion of fractions to decimals and vice versa for
2.4.1 faster calculations.€ 81
1 1 4
For examples, = 0.5, 0.2 = , = 0.8.
2 5 5
 MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION
1 These 4 sacks of grains will be How many smaller packets will be produced?
repacked with equal mass into
smaller packets of 0.16 kg. 4 × 1 51 kg ÷ 0.16 kg =
Step 1 Step 2

1 51 = 1 + 1 0.16 4.80

5 × 100 × 100
= 1.0 + 0.2
= 1.2 Step 3
30
1 .2 16 4 8 0
× 4
−4 8
4.8 00
− 0
0
1
4 × 1 5 kg ÷ 0.16 kg = 30
30 smaller packets will be produced.
1
Try to divide 1  kg by 0.16 kg and multiply the quotient
5
with 4. Is your answer the same? Discuss.

2 3 × 8 ÷ 1.5 =
4
Method 1
Method 2
1 2
Step 1 Step 2 3 × 8 ÷ 1.5 = 3 × 8
4 4 1.5
3 2 1.5 6.0
×8=6 1 0.5
4 × 10 × 10 2 × 10
1 =
0.5 × 10
Step 3
20
4 =
5
15 6 0 =4
−6 0
0
3 × 8 ÷ 1.5 = 4
4

a
82 €€Emphasise that a ÷ b can be written as . 2.4.1
b
 3 The height of robot P is 3 times
the height of robot Q, while
the height of robot R is 1 of the
2
height of robot Q.
What is the height of robot R?
0.75 m ÷ 3 × 1 = m
2
0.75 m
Step 1
0.2 5
3 0.7 5
−0
07
− 6
15
− 15
0 P Q R
Step 2
0.125
0.25 × 1 = 0.125
2
1

0.75 m ÷ 3 × 1 = 0.125 m
2
The height of robot R is 0.125 m.

4 14.6 ÷ 1 × 6 =
4
Step 1 Step 2
Can we multiply first
then divide?
14.6 ÷ 1 = 14.6 × 4
52
4 1 58.4 Discuss.
12 × 6
= 14.6 × 4 1 4.6
= 58.4 × 4 350.4
5 8.4

14.6 ÷ 1 × 6 = 350.4
4

€€Provide various questions according to pupils’ levels of performance.

2.4.1 83
€€Remind pupils to solve the operations from left to right.
 ADDITION AND MULTIPLICATION
1 9.5 m of black thread and 3 rolls of red
thread which is 4.2 m each are used for I
cross-stitching. What is the total length of LOVE
thread used?
MALAYSIA
9.5 m + 3 × 4.2 m = m

Step 1 Step 2
Cross-stitch
1 1
4.2 9.5
× 3 + 1 2.6
1 2.6 2 2. 1

9.5 m + 3 × 4.2 m = 22.1 m

The total length of thread used is 22.1 m.

6 bottles of orange concentrate

2
with the volume €
of 0.28 each is mixed into €
3
a container with 10 4 of water €
to make the orange drink.

6 × 0.28 10 34
What is the total volume, in, of the orange drink?
6 × 0.28 + 10 34 = 

Step 1 Step 2
1 4 1.68 + 10 34 = 1.68 + 10.75 1 1
0.28
1 .6 8
× 6 = 12.43 + 1 0.7 5
1.68 1 2.4 3

6 × 0.28 + 10 34 = 12.43 

The total volume of the orange drink is 12.43.

€€Carry out simulation to explain the concept of addition and multiplication to

84 enhance pupils’ understanding. 2.4.1
€€Emphasise that multiplication must be solved first in mixed operations involving
addition and multiplication.
 3 Calculate the total mass, in g, of vitamins C and D tablets.
(15 × 0.1 g) + (60 × 1 g) = g
5
The mass of 1
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 vitamin C tablet
12 0.1 g

1 .5
0. 1
× 1 5 60 × 1 = 12 + 1 2.0 15 tablets
5
0 5 1 1 3.5
+0 1 0 The mass of 1
1 .5 vitamin D tablet
1 g
0 in the front can be omitted. 5
60 TABLETS

(15 × 0.1 g) + (60 × 1 g) = 13.5 g

5
60 tablets
The total mass of vitamins C and D tablets is 13.5 g.

4 16 × (5.5 + 3 41 ) =

Step 1 Step 2
Solve the operation
in brackets first. 5 ÷5 4 35
5.5 = 5 10 ÷5 16 × 8 34 = 16 × 4 2
35
1
= 5 21 = 140 × 4
1 40
5.5 + 3 41 = 5 21 ×
×2
2
+ 3 41
= 5 24 + 3 41
= 8 34

16 × (5.5 + 3 41 ) = 140

10 × ( 1 +  ) = 10
4
THINK State the value of in decimals.
SMART

€€Show various calculation methods to enhance pupils’ understanding.

2.4.1 85
 SUBTRACTION AND MULTIPLICATION
1
1 There is kg of soda
10
bicarbonate in the bottle. €
I put 3 tablespoons of soda
bicarbonate into the water to
wash away pesticide residues
SODA
BICARBONATE
on the apple skin. The mass
100 g
of each tablespoon of soda
bicarbonate is 0.005 kg.

What is the balance, in kg, of soda bicarbonate in the bottle?

1
kg – 3 × 0.005 kg = kg
10
Step 1 Step 2
3 tablespoons of soda 9
1 1 0 1010
bicarbonate
0.0 0 5 = 0.1 0. 1 0 0
10
× 3 − 0.0 1 5
0.0 1 5 0.0 8 5

1
kg – 3 × 0.005 kg = 0.085 kg
10
The balance of soda bicarbonate in the bottle is 0.085 kg.

2 3 × 84 – 1.295 = 3 9.35 ×
3
–5=
4 5

Step 1 Step 2 Step 1

99
3 21 2 101010 3
× 84 = 63 9.35 × =
4 6 3.0 0 0 5
1 − 1 .2 9 5
6 1 .7 0 5 Step 2

–5=
3
× 84 – 1.295 = 61.705
4

€€Instil the importance of cleanliness and health.

86 €€Emphasise that multiplication must be solved first before subtraction. 2.4.1
 4 The picture shows the difference in 2.07 m
length for two pieces of flannel used
for hydroponic cultivation. Find the
length, in m, of 5 pieces of the yellow 1
flannel. m
2
1
5 × (2.07 m – m) = m
2
Solve the Step 1 Step 2
operation in
brackets first. 1 2 3
= 0.5 1 .5 7
2
1 10 × 5
2.0 7 7.8 5
− 0.5 0
1 .5 7
1
5 × (2.07 m – m) = 7.85 m
2
The length of 5 pieces of the yellow flannel is 7.85 m.

4
5 (9.2 – 7) × ( – 0.6) =
5
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

9.2 4×2 8 2.2

= × 0.2
– 7.0 5 × 2 10
= 0.8 44
2.2
+0 0 0
0.8 – 0.6 = 0.2 0 .4 4
4
(9.2 – 7) × ( – 0.6) = 0.44
5
Is this calculation
correct? Discuss.

5 5.1 5
60.6 – 30 × = 30.6 ×
6 6
= 25.5 1

€€Encourage pupils to talk about daily life situations that involve mixed
2.4.1 operations to enhance their understanding. 87
€€Talk about the benefits of hydroponic cultivation towards the environment.
 Success Motivation Camp
ADDITION AND DIVISION
2.5 hours 4 21 hours
1 Calculate the total duration of the
morning session and slot 1 in the MORNING AFTERNOON
afternoon session based on the SESSION SESSION
diagram. SLOT 1 SLOT 2 SLOT 3
2.5 hours + 4 21 hours ÷ 3 = hours

Method 1 Method 2
Solve the division first. Step 1 Step 2
Step 1 9 3
1 .5 4 21 ÷ 3 = ÷ 1 21 = 1.5
3 4.5 2 1
4 21 ÷ 3 = 4.5 ÷ 3 −3 3
9 1 2.5 + 1.5 = 4
= 1.5 1 5 = ×
2 3
−1 5 1
Step 2 0 3
=
2
2.5 + 1.5 = 4 = 1 21

2.5 hours + 4 21 hours ÷ 3 = 4 hours

The total duration of the morning session and slot 1 in the afternoon session €
is 4 hours.
1
2 3 ÷ 1.5 + =
10

Calculation 1 Calculation 2
0.5 2
1.5 3.0 15 3 0 1
3 1 .5 0.5 2+
1 −3 0 10
−0 + 0. 1 = 2.0 + 0.1
1 5 10 0
0.6
−1 5 = 2.1
0

Which calculation is correct?

Discuss.

3 30 2.4.1
88 €€Emphasise that 3 ÷ 1.5 can be written as equals .
1.5 15
€€Vary questions on division involving whole numbers and decimals to enhance
the concept.
 0.75 km 1
km
5
KEDAI SERBANEKA
3
BUKA

Restaurant€ Convenience Bookstore Restaurant€

R shop M T

The above picture shows a convenience shop M which is located in

the middle of restaurants R and T. What is the distance, in km, from
restaurant R to convenience shop M?
1
(0.75 km + km) ÷ 2 = km
5 Step 2

Step 1 0.4 7 5
2 0.9 5 0
−0
1×2 2 0.75 09
=
5 × 2 10 + 0.20 − 8
= 0.2 0.95 15
− 14
10
−10
1 0
(0.75 km + km) ÷ 2 = 0.475 km
5
The distance from restaurant R to convenience shop M is 0.475 km.

2
4 (2.4 + 6) ÷ (1 + )=
5
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

2.4 2
+ 6.0 1 + = + ÷ = ×
5
= =

1
10 + ÷ = 11
THINK 5
SMART State the value of in decimals.

€€Ask pupils to create stories based on the number sentences to enhance €

2.4.1 89
their understanding.
 SUBTRACTION AND DIVISION Gotong-royong plan

1 In a gotong-royong programme, € Site P

2.25 hours is allocated for site P and €
3 21 hours for all the mini sites. The time
taken for each mini site is the same.

mini site

How much more time is taken for the gotong-royong, in hours, on site P
compared to one mini site?
2.25 hours – 3 21 hours ÷ 4 = hours
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Solve division first. Convert 2.25 to 9 × 2 7 18 7
fraction. − = −
7 4×2 8 8 8
3 21 ÷ 4 = ÷4 25 ÷ 25 11
2 2.25 = 2 100 =
÷ 25 8
7 4
= ÷ = 2 41
2 1 = 1 38
7 1 9
= × =
2 4 4
7
=
8 2.25 hours – 3 21 hours ÷ 4 = 1 3 hours
8
The time taken for the gotong-royong on site P is 1 3
8
hours more than one mini site.

2 1 21 ÷ 0.25 – 5 =
Remember!
1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
1 2 = 1.5
0.25 1 .50 6
6–5=
25 1 5 0
× 100 × 100 − 1 50
0

€€Instil moral values such as gotong-royong and helping each other.

90 €€Emphasise that the division must be solved first. 2.4.1
 3 1
I cut 1  m from 5.7 m of cable. I give the
2
remaining cable in equal length to 3 groups
of pupils to make this electric circuit.

What is the length of cable, in m, for each

group of pupils?
(5.7 m – 1 21 m) ÷ 3 =
Step 1 Step 2

5.7 1 .4
1 21 = 1.5 − 1 .5 3 4.2
4.2 −3
1 2
−1 2
(5.7 m – 1 21 m) ÷ 3 = 1.4 m 0
The length of cable for each group of pupils is 1.4 m.

5
4 ( – 0.35) ÷ (10 – 9 21 ) =
8
Step 1 Step 2
5 2
Convert
8
to decimal. (10 – 9 21 ) = 9  –
2
9 21
0.6 2 5 0.6 2 5
8 5.0 0 0 − 0.3 5 0 =
−0
50
−4 8 Step 3
20
− 16 ÷ = ×
40
−4 0
0 =

(6.25 – 4 41 ) ÷ (a – 3) = 1
THINK What is the value of a?
SMART
€€Modify the questions to suit pupils' level of performance.
2.4.1 91
 TRY IT OUT
Tools/Materials Manila cards, 100-squared grids, pens, coloured pencils, rulers,
and task cards.
Participants 4 pupils in a group

Task 1 Each group chooses a skill that they have learned such as
fractions, decimals, or percentages.
2 Divide the manila card into four parts. Each pupil is given a task to complete
their part. Write the title as “Think Board”.
Example of “Think Board”
Picture Story The initial target of the
sale of recycled items is
RM20. In the end, the
sale reached RM50.
Title Percentage
Object Symbol
RM50 of RM20 = %
50 × 100% = 250%
20

3 Present your group work and display it on the noticeboard.

4 Do corrections from the comments given.

LET’S DO IT
1 Solve these.
a 2 m + 1.7 m – 3 m = b 4 × 1.39 kg ÷
1
kg =
5 2
c 8.5 hours + 3 × 1 hours = d 7 × (0.25 day + 5 34 days) =
2
1
e 8.5 – 4 × 1  = 3
2 f 2 ÷ 0.8 × =
5
2 Calculate.
a 10 – 2.6 ÷ 1 = 1
b (32.25 – ) ÷ 4 =
2 4
1
c (40  – 8.5) × (7 – 4.15) = 1
2 d (45.2 + 15) ÷ (1 + ) =
4

€€Carry out group activities so that each pupil has a chance to fill in each part €
92 of the Think Board. 2.4.1
€€Guide pupils to prepare materials for the Try It Out activity.
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 Hana’s mother is cooking 1 45 of curd. She will pour it
equally into a few containers. Each container has a
3
volume of . How many containers does she need?
10

Solution
3
Understand • 1 45 of curd is poured into containers with a volume of each.
10
the problem • Find the number of containers needed.
Plan the strategy
5 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1
1 =
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

5 × 2 10 4×2 8
= =
5 × 2 10 5 × 2 10
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Solve Check
3
1 45 ÷ 10 = 3
6 × 10 = 6 × 3 
1 10
1 45 ÷
3 9 3
= ÷ = 18
10 5 10 10
3 2
9 10 = 1 108 ÷
÷2
2

= ×
5 3
1 1 = 1 45
=6
3
1 45 ÷ = 6 The number of containers needed is 6.
10
If Hana’s mother poured 1 45 of curd equally into 9 containers, what is
the volume, in, of curd in each container? Discuss.

€€Carry out simulation on division of fractions for pupils’ understanding about the
2.5.1 concept of division of fractions. 93
 2 The following pictures show two acrylic paintings bought by Puan Zeti.
Find the area, in m2, of the bigger painting.

0.8 m 16.4 cm

9 21 cm
1.5 m

Solution
The size of the bigger painting is 1.5 m long and
Understand the problem
0.8 m wide. Find the area of the painting.
Plan the strategy area = length × width

area width
Solve
length
1.5 m × 0.8 m = m2
4 Check
1 .5  m
× 0.8 m Step 1 Step 2
1 20
+0 0 0 0.8 1.2 1 .5
1 .2 0 m2 × 10 × 10 8 1 2.0
− 8
1.5 m × 0.8 m = 1.2 m2 4 0
−4 0
The area of the bigger painting is 1.2 m2. 0

2 × (9  1 cm + 16.4 cm) =

2
Is this the number sentence to find the perimeter for
the smaller painting? Prove it.

€€Guide pupils to find keywords in a question.

94 2.5.1
 3 The Mass of Recycled Based on the incomplete
Materials Collected table, pupils in Class 6 Bakti
Mass collected 150% of the mass of old
Class Old Aluminium newspapers collected by pupils in
newspapers cans Class 6 Jaya. Calculate the mass, €
6 Jaya 23.56 kg 13.2 kg in kg, of old newspapers collected
by pupils in Class 6 Bakti.
6 Bakti kg 5.5 kg

Solution
Given • 6 Jaya collected 23.56 kg old newspapers.
• 6 Bakti collected 150% of the mass of old newspapers collected
by 6 Jaya.
Asked for What is the mass, in kg, of old newspapers collected by 6 Bakti?

Number sentence 150% × 23.56 kg = kg 1 2 3

2 3.5 6
Calculate 150% × 23.56 kg = 150 × 23.56 kg × 1.5
100 1 1
= 1.5 × 23.56 kg 11 7 8 0
+ 23 5 6 0
= 35.34 kg 35.3 4 0
Check
100% 1 1 .7 8 kg 1 1
6 Jaya 23.56 kg 2 2 3.5 6 kg 2 3.5 6 kg
−2 + 1 1 .7 8 kg
23.56 kg 03 3 5.3 4 kg
6 Bakti 50%
− 2
23.56 kg ÷ 2 = kg 1 5
−1 4
16
150% × 23.56 kg = 35.34 kg − 16
0
The mass of old newspapers collected by pupils in Class 6 Bakti is 35.34 kg.

What is the percentage of the mass of aluminium cans

collected by pupils in Class 6 Jaya compared to Class 6 Bakti?

€€Provide various problem-solving questions involving daily life situations.

2.5.1 €€Instil moral values such as love for the environment. 95
 last seen today at 17:25

4 The picture shows the conversation Smart Science Group

among Norli, Madhuri, and Mei Hua.
How long did Mei Hua’s bean sprouts Norli
My bean sprouts germinated
take to germinate? in three and a half days.
17:20

Madhuri
Mine germinated 1 day more
than yours, Norli.
17:21

Mei Hua
Mine germinated 0.5 day
lesser than Madhuri’s.
17:22
Solution

Fill in the table with the information given above.

Name Time taken for bean sprouts to germinate

Norli 3 21 days
Madhuri 1 day more than Norli’s
Mei Hua 0.5 day lesser than Madhuri’s
How long did Mei Hua’s bean sprouts take to germinate?
3 21 days + 1 day – 0.5 day = days

Step 1
4 21 days = 4 days + 1 day
2
3 21 days + 1 day = 4 21 days = 4.0 days + 0.5 day
= 4.5 days
Step 2

4 . 5 days
– 0 . 5 day
4 . 0 days
3 21 days + 1 day – 0.5 day = 4 days

Mei Hua’s bean sprouts took 4 days to germinate.

How do you check your answer? Discuss.

€€Guide pupils to find keywords such as more or less and show other €
96 2.5.1
problem-solving strategies such as drawing diagrams.

2.5.1
 Steamed Bun Recipe
5 The picture shows the ingredients needed for (90 pieces)
making the dough of a steamed bun recipe. € Dough Ingredients
Mak Jah wants to make steamed buns for sale.
How much more is the mass of wheat flour ✎ 3 kg of wheat flour
compared to the total mass of sugar and baking 3
✎ 5 kg of sugar
powder?
✎ 0.033 kg of yeast
Solution
✎ 0.03 kg of baking powder
3 ons of
• 3 kg of wheat flour, kg of sugar and 0.03 kg of baking powder. ✎ 6 tablespo
5 ble oil
• Compare the mass of wheat flour with the total mass € vegeta
of sugar and baking powder to get how much more € ✎ 1.5 of water
is the amount of wheat flour.€

3 kg of wheat flour

How much more?

3 0.03 kg
kg of sugar
5 of baking
powder
9
Check
3 2 10 10
3 kg – ( kg + 0.03 kg) = kg 3 . 0 0 kg 0.63 kg
5 − 2 . 3 7 kg − 0.03 kg
9 0 . 6 3 kg 0.60 kg
0.6 kg 2 10 10
5 3.0 kg 0.60 kg 3 . 0 0 kg
−0 + 0.03 kg − 0 . 6 3 kg
6
30 0.63 kg 2 . 3 7 kg 0.6 kg = kg
10
−3 0 6 ÷ 2 kg
0 = 10 ÷2
3 3
3 kg – ( kg + 0.03 kg) = 2.37 kg = kg
5 5
The mass of wheat flour is 2.37 kg more than the total mass of sugar and baking powder.

Sara uses 180% of water to make the dough. How much water, in, does
she use? What will happen to the dough? Discuss.

€€Guide pupils to understand the problem thoroughly and encourage them €

2.5.1 to draw diagrams to represent the problem. 97
 LET’S DO IT
Solve the following problems.
a Nabil takes 3 hour to make a rubber band fan. Calculate
4
the number of rubber band fans he can make in €
2 41 hours.

b 62 2 kg of rice is filled equally into 12 sacks to be distributed to poor families.

5
What is the mass of each sack of rice received by each family? Give your
answer in fraction of kg.
c The table shows the estimated period Estimated period for one
for one complete rotation of two planets Planet complete rotation around
around the Sun. Find the estimated the Sun
period, in years, for planet Jupiter € Mars 1.88 years
to rotate around the Sun.
Jupiter 6.3 times of Mars

d Puan Nita buys 8.4 of soya milk. She pours it into a few serving glasses. Each
glass is filled with 0.35 of soya milk. How many glasses Puan Nita need?
e The picture shows the length of three ribbons. Kim needs all
the ribbons for a handicraft project.
i Calculate the total length, in m, of all the ribbons. 1m
ii How much longer is the red ribbon compared
to the other two ribbons? Give your answer in
fraction. 2 34 m 0.5 m
f A talk on Dengue Prevention in town A took 1.8 hours.
The same talk in town B is 105% of the time taken in
town A. Find the time taken for the talk in town B.
g The initial target for gloves production in the first quarter of the year in a factory
is 1.1 million. In the end, 1.815 million of gloves were produced. What is the
percentage of the end production compared to the initial target of the gloves
production?

€€Pupils can check their answers using various methods.

98 2.5.1
 LET’S PRACTISE
1 Divide.
a 1 ÷2= b 5÷5= c 2 2 ÷ 6 =
4 6 5

d 3 1 ÷ 50 = e 4÷2= f 7÷ 3 =
3 9 3 8 10

g 1 3 ÷ 3 = h 5 1 ÷ 6 = i 6  9 ÷ 3 =
7 5 7 7 10 8

2 Calculate.
a How many 1 are there in 7 ? b How many 1 are there in 1 1 ?
4 10 8 2
c ÷3=5
5 6
d 1÷ =
1
4 6
3 Solve these.
a 0.8 × 1.35 = b 0.71 × 6.7 =
c 9.58 × 6.3 = d 16.8 ÷ 3.5 =
e 1.881 ÷ 0.19 = f 0.09 ÷ 0.4 =
g × 8.6 = 31.39 h 2.7 × = 26.028
i ÷ 2.3 = 8.97 j 4.05 ÷ = 2.7 ADDITIONAL
PRACTICE
k Find the product of 7.5 and 4.08.
l The quotient of two numbers is 30.1. If the divisor is 2.8, €
what is the other number? SCAN ME

4 Complete these.
a 330%
as as
1.65 6.6

b 0.48 as as
120% of 0.4 250% × 0.64 800% × 0.34

2.1.1, 2.2.1,
2.2.2, 2.3.1, €€Provide more exercises with various levels in the form of worksheets for drilling.
€€Scan the QR code for additional practice. 99
2.3.3
 Free Time Activities for
5 a Based on the pie chart, answer the questions. Pupils in Class 6 Orbit
Gardening 5%
i What is the total percentage of pupils who like
reading and surfing the Internet? Internet
surfing
ii What is the difference in percentage between Swimming 20%
30%
pupils who like swimming and gardening?
b Calculate. Reading
45%
i 91% + 4% + 206% =
ii 105% – 68% – 25% =
6 Find the values of the percentages.
a 125% of 8.4 m b 210% of 10.5 hours
c 108% × 7.4 kg = d 430% × 20.8=
e  316% of 9.2 = 29.072€
Show the calculations for the number sentence above.
7 Calculate the percentage of achievement compared to the target.
a Target 1.2 km b Target 3.5 days
Achievement 3.6 km Achievement 4.9 days
8 Find the percentages.
a 10.71 of 4.2 b 1.596 of 0.84

10.5
9 × 100% = 420%
2.5
Is this true? Prove it.
10 Solve these.
a 3 minutes + 4.2 minutes – 7 minute = b 2 × 0.15 ÷ 3 =
10 5
c 10 41 km – (6 km + 0.18 km) = d 27.6 kg + 30 × 1 51 kg =
7
e × 9.2 – 5 = f 9 58 ÷ 7 – 1.06 =
10
g 13 21 + 14 ÷ 0.5 = h (20 – 8 34 ) ÷ 7.5 =
3
i (12 × 0.8) + (9 × 4 ) = j (30.46 – 18) ÷ (1 – 4 ) =
5

€€Guide pupils to do the calculations step by step. 2.3.2, 2.3.3,

100
2.4.1
 11 Solve the following problems. 15.25 cm
a The picture shows the size of a table flag.
Calculate the area, in cm2, of the flag. 30.5 cm
b Nabilah cuts a wire of 3 3 m into 5 parts of equal length.
4
Calculate
i the length, in m, of each part of the wire. State the answer in
fraction.
ii One part of the wire is cut into a few more pieces. The length of each small
1
piece is m. How many pieces are there?
8

2 1
0.05  
HANDWASH
HANDWASH 5
Jasmine brand Jasmine brand Rose brand

Encik Liew buys 3 bottles of handwash as shown in the picture above.

Find the difference of volume, in, between the two bottles of Jasmine
handwash and a bottle of Rose handwash.
d Nelawati took 1.2 hours to bake a cake. Aida took 140% of the time
taken by Nelawati. Find the time taken by Aida in hours.
e The incomplete table below shows the mass of organic vegetables
bought by Raju.

Vegetable Cabbage Broccoli

Week 1 2.1 kg
Week 2 1.8 kg 3.36 kg
i The mass of cabbages bought in week 2 is 0.9 kg lesser than €
in week 1. What is the percentage of cabbage bought in week 1
compared to week 2?
ii How many times is the mass of broccoli bought in week 2 €
compared to the mass of broccoli bought in week 1?

€€Carry out a Round Table session in each group to solve the problems above €
2.5.1 to enhance pupils’ understanding. 101
 LET'S EXPLORE
Tools/Materials Question cards (2 sets), stopwatch, A4 papers, pencils,
number wheel and score sheets.
Participants 2 pupils and a referee.

EXAMPLE OF SCORE SHEET

QUESTION CARDS Name:
_____________________
3 4.5 × 1.6 = No. Marks + Bonus marks
1. 10 + 5 = 15
1 2.
4 1 23 ÷ =
4 3.
5 4.
4 6 5.
QUESTION
CARDS 6.
3 1 Total marks: ______
2
SCAN ME
How to play

1 Determine participants’ turns.

2 The first participant rotates the number wheel to get the number to a question.
3 Referee gives the question card and a sheet of A4 paper to the participant.
4 Participants are given 1 minute to answer the question.
5 10 marks are given for the correct answer. No mark is given for the wrong
answer. 2 marks will be deducted if the participant takes more than €
1 minute to answer.
6 A bonus of 5 marks will be given if the participant gives two methods €
of solution.
7 Take turns and the second participant repeats step 2 to 6. €
Each participant will take turns to answer all six questions.
8 Participant who collects the highest total marks, wins.

€€Prepare the materials for Let's Explore. Scan the QR code to print € 2.1.1, 2.2.1,
102 the question cards. 2.2.2, 2.3.2,
€€Vary the questions involving fractions, decimals, and percentages € 2.3.3, 2.4.1
according to pupils’ level of performance.
 3 MONEY

RECOGNISE COST PRICE, SELLING PRICE, PROFIT, AND LOSS

Can you reduce
1 the selling price Sorry, madam. The
of 1 kg of this cost price of 1 kg of
banana to RM4? banana is RM4.20.
I only make a profit
of 80 sen from each
kg. If I sell you RM4
Alright. per kg, I will make
a loss.

TIPS
Identify the cost price, selling price, and profit Cost price
in the situation above.
The original price of
a T he cost price or the retailer’s buying price goods before being sold
for 1 kg of banana is RM4.20. to another person.
b The selling price for 1 kg of banana Selling Price
is RM5.00. The price of goods which
a buyer needs to pay.
c  Profit = Selling price – Cost price
= RM5.00 – RM4.20
= RM0.80 How do you calculate the
loss of 20 sen if the selling
The profit for price is RM4? Discuss.
selling 1 kg of Profit is gained
when the selling
banana is 80 sen. price is more than
the cost price.

3.1.1, €€Discuss various situations to explain cost price, selling price, profit, and loss.
3.1.2 €€Instil moral values such as honesty when deciding the selling price, taking 103
into account the service charge and time involved.
 2 a What is the cost price of the watch?
Cost price = Selling price – Profit
= RM950.50 – RM240
New model
= RM710.50
RM 9 5 0.50
– RM 2 4 0.00
Selling price: RM950.50 RM 7 1 0.50
The cost price of the watch
Profit: RM240 is RM710.50 .

b Calculate the capital loss of the watch.

Loss = Cost price – Selling price
Stock
= RM1 286.80 – RM1 100.50
clearance sale
2018 model = RM186.30
RM 1 2 8 6.80
– RM 1 1 0 0.50
Cost price: RM1 286.80 RM 1 8 6.30

Selling price: RM1 100.50 The capital loss of the

watch is RM186.30 .

When the selling

price is less than
TIPS the cost price,
loss occurs.
Loss
Value of money that is
decreased because the
cost price is higher than
the selling price.

€€Discuss the calculation of profit and loss that depends on the cost price and 3.1.1
104 the selling price. 3.1.2
€€Ask pupils to state profit or loss spontaneously based on the cost price and the
selling price mentioned.
 3 The profit for both pianos below is the same. Prove it.

Cost price: RM9 000 Cost price: RM12 000

Selling price: RM10 800 Selling price: RM13 800
Profit = Selling price – Cost price Profit = Selling price – Cost price
= RM10 800 – RM9 000 = RM13 800 – RM12 000
= RM1 800 = RM1 800
The profit for both pianos above is the same, that is RM1 800 .

Profit
The money obtained from selling something TIPS
after subtracting the cost price.

4 Refrigerator
Cost price Selling price Profit Loss
brand
Visi RM2 500 RM360
Moto RM2 000 RM1 800
Calculate the selling price of Visi refrigerator.
Selling price = Cost price + Profit
= +
=
The selling price of Visi refrigerator is .
The loss through selling of 5 Moto refrigerators is
RM1 000. Is this statement true? Discuss.

3.1.1 €€Drill the calculation of cost price, selling price, profit, and loss by carrying out
3.1.2 quizzes or simulation using picture cards. 105
 LET’S DO IT
1 Calculate the selling price or the cost price.

a Cost price: b
RM49.50 Selling price: RM102.90
Profit: Profit: RM38.50
RM9

c d
Cost price: Selling price:
RM4 699 RM25 350
Loss: RM250 Loss:
RM760.50

2 Calculate the profit or loss.

a Cost price: RM20 b Cost price: RM8 230

Selling price: RM22 Selling price: RM7 895

c Cost price: RM10 550.50 d Cost price: RM24 560

Selling price: RM12 668.80 Selling price: RM21 733.50

3 Encik Sufi is recording the sale of several goods in the table below. Calculate and
complete the table.

Goods Cost price Selling price Profit or Loss

Smartphone RM1 200 RM1 500 Profit RM300

Printer RM500 RM600
Digital camera RM2 000 Profit RM400
Calculator
RM80 Loss RM4
(stock clearance)

€€ Carry out quizzes involving various levels of questions to reinforce pupils’ 3.1.1,
106 understanding. 3.1.2
 RECOGNISE DISCOUNT, REBATE, AND VOUCHER
DISCOUNT

1 SHOP A SHOP B

How much
discount do
we get? RM80 − RM60 = RM20

Mum, we can
save RM20. How much can we
save, mum?

a Calculate the discount value of the school bag

Discount
in Shop B. TIPS
20 The reduced price or
20% of RM80 = × RM80 value from the original
100
price or value.
= RM16
The discount value of the school bag in Shop B is RM16 .
b Calculate the price of the school bag after the discount in Shop B.
Price after discount = Original price – Discount
= RM80 – RM16
= RM64
The price of the school bag after discount in Shop B is RM64 .

In which shop was the purchase

smartly done? Discuss.

3.1.1, €€ Ask pupils to give examples of discounts in daily life situations.

3.1.2 €€ Discuss reasons why retailers offer discounts. For example, to boost sales. 107
€€ Instil thriftiness among pupils when spending and to shop wisely.
 REBATE

The total price is RM105,

but you only have to pay
RM100.

The rebate that

you got is on
this receipt.

Mum, why did Alright.

you pay only Thank you.
RM100? I got a RM5
rebate,
Kareena.
AZ SUPERMARKET
DATE: 9 APRIL 2021 16:35

SHIRT 2 × RM23.50 RM47.00

TROUSERS 2 × RM29.00 RM58.00

QUANTITY 4 ITEM NO. 2

TOTAL PRICE RM105.00

REBATE RM 5.00

TOTAL PRICE RM100.00

TIPS CASH RM100.00
Rebate
THANK YOU. PLEASE COME AGAIN.
A deduction from the total
payment that has to be paid
or a partial refund from the
money after the payment.

€€Give other examples of rebates in daily life situations such as toll fare, 3.1.1,
108 purchasing cars, IRB tax, and Internet bills. 3.1.2
€€Discuss various types of rebates.
 NORTH-SOUTH
2 EXPRESSWAY

N
VEHICLE TYPE CLASS TOLL FARE

During this festive season, we

have received toll fare rebate of
10%. The usual amount
is RM51.50.

DISTANCE KM
ENSURE SUFFICIENT BALANCE IN YOUR CARD

Calculate the toll fare after the 10% rebate.

Method 1 Method 2
Step 1 Step 1

10% of RM51.50 100% − 10% = 90%

10 Step 2
= × RM51.50
100
RM51.50 90 9 × RM51.50 14
= × RM51.50 =
10 100 10 RM 5 1 .5 0
RM463.50 × 9
= RM5.15 =
10 RM 4 6 3.5 0
Step 2 = RM46.35
4 11 4 10
RM 5 1 .5 0
Calculate the toll fare after the 10% rebate
– RM 5. 1 5
for all the other types of vehicles.
RM 4 6.3 5

The toll fare after the 10% rebate is RM46.35 .

State the percentage of rebate received

THINK and solve it.
(1 − 75%) × RM60 =
SMART
€€Guide pupils to find the values after rebate using various calculation methods.
3.1.2 109
 VOUCHER

a Dad, I received this b

voucher.

I can use it to buy your

school supplies.

MAJU RM
BOOKSHOP Mum, we can use this
GIFT VOUCHER voucher at Yummy
Restaurant to celebrate That’s a good
BOOK STATIONERY AUDIO
Father’s Day. suggestion, Yip. We
can save RM12.

c d

WATER PARK
VOUCHER RM Voucher
10 RM5.00
if you spend RM50 and above in one receipt.
NIDA PHARMACY
VALID FOR 14 DAYS.

State the voucher’s

value and discuss Voucher TIPS
its uses. A small piece of paper which
entitles the owner to get a discount
or an exchange for goods.

€€Present various examples of vouchers in daily life situations.

110 €€Ask pupils to create vouchers using their own creativity if they are retailers. 3.1.1
 LET’S DO IT
1 Calculate the discount value.
Original
a b price
RM1 289
RM50
RM45 Promotional price
RM990.90
c RM536.70 d
Normal
price
RM10 531
Special price
RM500 Offer price
RM9 739
2 Complete the table.
Original price New price Discount
RM12 RM9 RM12 – RM9 = RM3

RM70 RM56
RM280 RM252
RM3 600 RM2 700

3 Calculate the rebate value.

a RM35 800 b RM1 800

WYW 2487
after rebate Rebate 2%
RM35 300

4 State the value of the voucher and its use.

a FREE b
VOUCHER
KITA SUPERMARKET
RM8
RM5
3.1.1, €€Discuss various terms that give the same meaning as discount such as special
price and offer price. 111
3.1.2
 RECOGNISE INVOICE, BILL, RECEIPT, AND SERVICE TAX
INVOICE
I will send this invoice to the
customer. The copy will be
kept as a sales transaction Alright. Please issue a
record, sir. receipt after the customer
makes the payment.

INVOICE
Supplier’s name
and address KEMAS HOLDING
88, JALAN MAJU,
05400 ALOR SETAR.
TEL.: 04-7721515

Customer’s name
INVOICE NO.: AS 1051 Invoice number
TO: and address
DATE: 2 MAY 2022 Invoice date
JAYA KOMUNIKASI BERHAD
70, JALAN BAKTI 1,
05100 ALOR SETAR.

QUANTITY DETAILS PRICE PER UNIT (RM) TOTAL (RM)

8 UNITS SMARTPHONE AB 900.00 7 200.00

10 UNITS SMARTPHONE KK 650.00 6 500.00

20 UNITS SMARTPHONE SS 565.00 11 300.00

Order TOTAL: 25 000.00

Payment
details Information SALES DISCOUNT (10%): 2 500.00
or goods TOTAL PAYMENT: 22 500.00
bought
TIPS
RINGGIT MALAYSIA TWENTY-TWO THOUSAND AND FIVE HUNDRED ONLY. Invoice
List of goods
or services
Supplier’s verification with the price
sent by the supplier
SIGNATURE/ COMPANY STAMP to the customer.

€€Guide pupils to identify the information that must be stated in the invoice.
112 €€Explain that invoice is a document that is sent by the product supplier or service 3.1.1
provider to the buyer.
€€Surf https://tinyurl.com/4v4jenye
 BILL

May I have the bill, Just a

please? moment.

Name and
WAFI RESTAURANT BILL
Business
Address NO 3, JALAN MUTIARA,
48050 RAWANG, SELANGOR.
TEL.: 03-7951 1105
Date
DATE: 10.5.2022 TIME.: 13:00:00
TABLE NO.: 6 NO.: 20792
This is the bill, sir.
PRICE PER TOTAL
NO. ITEM QUANTITY
UNIT (RM) (RM)
1 FISH 1 20.00 20.00
FRIED
2 6 3.00 18.00
CHICKEN
3 VEGETABLES 1 13.00 13.00
4 RICE 3 1.50 4.50
5 BARLEY 3 1.50 4.50
TOTAL (RM): 60.00 Thank you.

Information on
ISSUED BY,
goods (items) or
services

TIPS
Bill
A bill is a detailed statement on the price
of goods or services received.

€ €Discuss examples of bills in daily life situations, such as telephone bill and
3.1.1 electricity bill. 113
€€Instil moral value of paying bills according to the prescribed period and
checking the bill amount.
 RECEIPT AND SERVICE TAX The total payment is RM63.60.
This is the receipt and the
This is
Here is RM100. balance. Thank you.
my bill.

WAFI RESTAURANT RECEIPT

NO 3, JALAN MUTIARA, Payment
48050 RAWANG, SELANGOR. time
TEL.: 03-7951 1105

Receipt DATE: 10.5.2022 TIME: 13:05:00 Receipt

TABLE.: 6 RECEIPT NO.: 107005
date number
PRICE
PER TOTAL Calculate the value of the
NO. ITEM QUANTITY
UNIT (RM) service tax on the receipt.
(RM)
1 FISH 1 20.00 20.00 Service tax:
FRIED
2 6 3.00 18.00
CHICKEN
3 VEGETABLES 1 13.00 13.00
6% of RM60
4 RICE 3 1.50 4.50 6
= × RM60
5 BARLEY 3 1.50 4.50 100
TOTAL (RM): 60.00
RM36
TAX 6% (RM): 3.60 =
10
Information TOTAL PAYMENT (RM): 63.60
on price, CASH (RM): 100.00
=
BALANCE (RM): 36.40
service tax,
and
THANK YOU, PLEASE COME AGAIN.
balance
TIPS
Receipt
Calculate Encik Hamid’s balance.
The receipt is an official
RM100 – RM63.60 =
statement that shows
99 payment has been received.
0 1010 10
RM 1 0 0.0 0 Service Tax
– RM 6 3.6 0 The tax that must be paid
RM 3 6.4 0 for the services rendered by
RM100 – RM63.60 = RM36.40 certain businesses such as
restaurants.
Encik Hamid’s balance is RM36.40 .

€€Guide pupils to be a wise user by checking the price of every item to ensure the 3.1.1,
114 total price that is to be paid is correct. 3.1.2
 LET’S DO IT
1 Complete the invoice below. 2 Complete the bill below.

INVOICE BILL
SYARIKAT CERGAS ENTERPRISE PASAR JAYA HUSSEIN SDN. BHD.
B.12, BLOK A LOT F12, JALAN SEMARAH
88830, KOTA KINABALU, SABAH. 05400, ALOR SETAR, KEDAH.
TEL.: 088-711038 FAX: 088-711039
E-MAIL: [email protected] RICE 5 × RM26.00
100620100

KEDAI WAJA INVOICE NO.: P015 MILK POWDER 4 × RM30.50

NO.11, JALAN BAKTI, DATE: 8 APRIL 2022 1004582001
TAMAN INDAH,
88838 KOTA KINABALU, TOWEL 6 × RM12.90
SABAH
QUANTITY: 15 ITEM NO.: 3
PRICE PER
QUANTITY DETAILS TOTAL
UNIT
120 BALL RM4.00
40 RATTAN HOOP RM6.00
TOTAL
10% SALES DISCOUNT
TOTAL PAYMENT

3 Calculate the value of service tax below.


a b
TN MENTARI HOTEL
TICKET PRICE: RM10 Payment of hotel
SERVICE TAX: 6% accommodation:
DATE:01/06/2022 HALL:10 CHAIR:25
RM320

c Service tax (6%):

CAR PARKING
RECEIPT
DURATION: 5 HOURS
1 HOUR: RM1.00
SERVICE TAX: 6%

€€Guide pupils to find answers through various methods.

3.1.2 €€Ask pupils to identify the features and differences between invoice, bill, 115
and receipt.
 INTEREST AND DIVIDEND
INTEREST

I would like to deposit RM10 000

in my daughter’s account for her
education in the future.
Alright, sir. The interest rate
for savings is 2% per annum.

1 Calculate the interest received after saving for one year.

Date Deposit Withdrawal Balance
5 January 2021 RM10 000 RM10 000

5 January 2022 Interest

Interest value = Interest rate × Savings

= 2% × RM10 000
2
= × RM10 000
100
= RM200
The interest value is RM200 . TIPS
Interest
Interest is an amount of
How much is the money received when €
balance on an individual saves money
5 January 2022? Discuss. in a bank for a certain
period of time.

€€Instil moral values such as thriftiness and the importance of savings. 3.1.1,
116 3.1.2
 DIVIDEND
Mum, I won RM3 000 in a The dividend rate
logo design competition. is 4% per annum.

Congratulations, Razi! I will

invest this money in your
National Education Savings
Scheme (SSPN-i ).

a Based on the statement below, how much dividend did Razi receive
after a year?
DEPOSIT TRANSACTION BANK SLIP BANK BRANCH AMOUNT BALANCE
DATE RECORD NUMBER CODE (RM) (RM)
INFORMATION
1.1.2021 INITIAL BALANCE ----------- ------------------ ----------- 3 000.00
DIVIDEND ----------- SSPN 9999
31.12.2021 FINAL BALANCE UPDATED

Dividend value = Dividend rate × Investment

= 4% × RM3 000
4
= × RM3 000
100
= RM120
The dividend received by Razi after 1 year is RM120 .
b On 31.12.2021, how much is Razi’s total balance?
RM3 000 + RM120 =
On 31.12.2021, Razi’s total balance is .
TIPS
Is the number sentence below
Dividend
suitable to find the answer in b ?
Shared profits for
104% × RM3 000 =
the money invested
Discuss.
in business or shares.

3.1.1, €€Emphasise that the dividend received will increase when the investment
3.1.2 company gains profit. 117
 LET’S DO IT
1 Calculate the interest value or dividend below.

a WARTA BANK b SETIA BANK

Savings: RM8 000 Savings: RM50 000
Interest rate: 2% per annum Interest rate: 1.5% per annum
Savings period: 1 year Savings period: 1 year
Interest value: Interest value:

c UNIT AMANAH SAHAM d UNIT TRUST

Investment: RM5 000 Investment: RM20 000
Dividend rate: 7% per annum Dividend rate: 8% per annum
Duration: 1 year Duration: 1 year
Dividend value: Dividend value:

2 Help Pipi find her friend. The path is in ascending order by €

twenty-twenty. Calculate the interest value or dividend. State the path.
A
F
Pipi Savings: RM2 000
Savings: RM6 000
Interest rate: 2%
Interest rate: 1%

Start E
Savings: RM4 000 G
Interest rate: 2% Investment: RM3 000
B Dividend rate: 3%
Savings: RM1 000 D
Interest rate: 2% Investment: RM2 000
Dividend rate: 5%

C H
Investment: RM5 000 Investment: RM1 500
Dividend rate: 3% Dividend rate: 8%

€€Provide more questions and vary forms of exercises to suit pupils’ abilities. 3.1.1,
118
3.1.2
 TRY IT OUT
Tools/Materials A4 papers, goods brochures, scissors, glue, and pens.

Participants 4 pupils in one group.

Task
1 Get pictures and information regarding the price of goods from goods brochures €
(printed or downloaded from websites) and download examples of receipts or bills
involving discounts or service tax.

2 Cut pictures using scissors and paste them on A4 paper. Make examples related to
cost price, selling price, profit, loss, discount, rebate, and service tax.

Discount value:
RM120 − RM90 = RM30

Selling price Percentage discount:

RM120 RM30
× 100% = 25%
RM90 RM120
Service tax:
6
6% × RM7 = × RM7
100
RM42
=
100
= RM0.42

3 Collect every group’s work in a scrapbook.

4 Display the scrapbooks to be referred by other groups.
5 Write comments on sticky notes about other group’s work and paste them €

in the scrapbook.

3.1.1, €€Carry out assessments on pupils’ level of mastery from the aspects of
3.1.2 knowledge, communication skill, thinking skill, and soft skill, as well as attitude 119
and value shown in Try It Out activity.
 RECOGNISE ASSET, LIABILITY, INSURANCE, AND TAKAFUL
ASSET AND LIABILITY

1 a
EN
CIM
SPE

SP
E
CI
ME
N
Cash House Savings Gold jewellery

Assets

Educational loan
BHE 9415

Home loan
Car loan
Liabilities

What are the impacts if the liabilities are not paid up? Discuss.

2 I bought a car as my asset for

RM25 000 cash. I only got
RM15 000 when I sold the car
after 3 years.
TIPS
Asset
What is owned such as cash
and property.
Liability
Financial commitments
or loans.

120 €€Guide pupils to identify asset and liability. Discuss about profitable asset 3.1.1
such as a house.
€€Give other examples of assets that will depreciate such as a computer or
handphone. Explain that depreciation means a decrease in value.
 INSURANCE AND TAKAFUL

What are insurance and takaful?

Insurance and takaful can protect us

if anything happens to ourselves, our
family members, or our properties. with the benefit of wakaf for FREE

Insurance Takaful
Buy and Sell Concept Contribution Concept

Buy Contribution
RM1 000 (donation)
RM1 000
Buyer Seller Contributor Agent

• Risks are borne by the • Risks are borne by the€

insurance company. participants in groups.

• Insurance premiums are owned • Contributions are owned by

by the company. takaful fund. The takaful operator
only acts as the fund manager.

• Subject to government laws.

• Subject to Syariah laws and€
government laws.
• Non-syariah compliant.
• Syariah compliant.

€€Guide pupils to recognise insurance and takaful based on brochures. Explain €

3.2.1 121
that takaful is an Arabic term derived from the root word “Kafala”, which means
to guarantee, protect, or look after.
 2 Covering medical Coverage during travel such as €
expenses loss of assets or life

CAL TR
A
I
D

VE
ME

EXAMPLES OF

L
THE USE OF
INSURANCE

ES
AND TAKAFUL

MAG
DA IC
OR AFF
E
FI

T
R

O AD TS
R EN
D
ACCI

Claim compensation for €

Receive compensation € car repair and injury €
due to house destruction due to accident

LET’S DO IT
1 What are insurance and takaful?
2 List down two importance of insurance and takaful coverage. Give examples on
how insurance and takaful can protect assets and the contributors.

€€Discuss the function and importance of various types of insurance such as

122 3.2.2
medical insurance, life insurance, education insurance, and vehicle insurance
using their respective insurance brochures.

3.3.1
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 Puan Linda bought a house that costs €
RM230 000. After two years, she sold €
the house for RM285 000. How much is €
her profit?

Solution

Understand the problem

• House cost price: RM230 000

• House selling price: RM285 000
• Find the profit.

Plan the strategy Cost price Profit

RM230 000

Selling price RM285 000

Solve Profit = Selling price – Cost price

RM 2 8 5 0 0 0
−RM 2 3 0 0 0 0
RM 5 5 0 0 0

Check RM 2 3 0 0 0 0
+ RM 5 5 0 0 0
RM 2 8 5 0 0 0

Her profit is RM55 000.

If Puan Linda wishes to get a profit

of RM80 000, how much will the
selling price of the house be?

€€Guide pupils to understand the question by drawing diagrams to represent

3.3.1 the problem. 123

3.3.1
 AFIFI FURNITURE SHOP

2 Puan Norma is reading a furniture

pamphlet as shown in the picture.
RM1 978 RM899 She has RM3 000 to buy one sofa
set and one bed. Is the money
enough to buy the two pieces of
RM1 150 furniture? Prove it.

SPECIAL Rebate RM50 for

OFFER every total purchase
of RM1 000.

Solution
Understand the problem
• Price of one bed: RM1 978
• Price of one sofa set: RM1 150
• Rebate RM50 for every total purchase of RM1 000.
• Is RM3 000 enough to buy one sofa set and one bed?

Plan the strategy

Price of one

sofa set Total Minus Balance that
price rebate must be paid
Price of
one bed
Step 2
Step 3
Step 1 Purchase Rebate
Solve 10
1 1 RM 1 000 RM 5 0 2 0 12
RM 1 1 5 0 RM 1 000 RM 5 0 RM 3 1 2 8
+ RM 1 9 7 8 + RM 1 000 + RM 5 0 − RM 1 50
RM 3 1 2 8 RM 3 000 RM 1 5 0 RM 2 9 7 8

Yes, the money that Puan Norma has is enough €

to buy the two pieces of furniture.
Hanif has RM5 000. He bought all three pieces €
of furniture. What is his balance?

€€Create different situations involving profit or loss and ask pupils to solve it.
124 3.3.1
 3 The table below shows the cost price and profit for 1 kg of vegetables.
Vegetable Cost price Profit

French beans RM5 RM1

Chilli RM8 RM2

A restaurant owner spent RM120 to buy the two types of vegetables. €

What is the mass, in kg, of each vegetable that he bought?

Solution

Understand the problem

• • What is the mass, in kg,

Cost price: RM5, Profit: RM1
of each vegetable?
• Cost price: RM8, Profit: RM2
Plan the strategy and Solve

Selling price Cost price Profit

is the cost Selling price of French beans:
price plus
RM5 + RM1 = RM6
profit.
Cost price Profit
Selling price of chilli:
RM8 + RM2 = RM10
Use trial and error method.

Mass × price of Mass × price of

Trial French beans chilli Total expenditure

1 10 × RM6 = RM60 6 × RM10 = RM60 RM60 + RM60 = RM120

2 5 × RM6 = RM30 9 × RM10 = RM90 RM30 + RM90 = RM120
The restaurant owner have bought 10 kg of French beans and
6 kg of chilli or 5 kg of French beans and 9 kg of chilli.

€€Use various problem-solving strategies to reinforce pupils’ understanding.

3.3.1 125
 4 The bill shows the goods bought by Amalina.
Amalina paid with 2 RM50 notes. She wants
to buy another 9 paint brushes. Calculate the
balance Amalina has after buying the extra
9 paint brushes.

Solution
Given
• 2 dictionaries 2 × RM26.00 = RM52.00
4 files 4 × RM4.00 = RM1 6.00 (Cashier: Syaza)

5 paint brushes 5 × RM0.80 = RM 4.00

Total payment = RM72.00
• Amalina paid with 2 RM50 notes.
Asked for The balance after buying the extra 9 paint brushes.
Solve

Step 1
EN

EN
IM

IM
EC

EC
SP

SP
EN

EN

EN

EN
IM

IM

IM

IM
EC

EC

EC

EC
SP

SP

SP

SP

Balance
EN

EN

EN

EN

EN
IM

IM

IM

IM

IM
EC

EC

EC

EC

EC
SP

SP

SP

SP

SP

RM28.
Step 2 Step 3

Price of 9 paint brushes = 9 × RM0.80 7 10

= RM7.20 RM 2 8.0 0
− RM 7.2 0
RM 2 0.8 0
Check RM20.80 + RM7.20 = RM28.00
RM28 + RM72 = RM100

The balance Amalina has is RM20.80.

€€Guide pupils to solve questions through simulation.

126 3.3.1
 5 The table below shows some information from the invoice of goods bought €
by Encik Yunos.
No. Details Quantity Price per unit Total
1 Jersey 60 RM25.00
2 Cap 100 RM9.80
Sales discount 10%
The total amount of money to be paid
Encik Yunos received the invoice from Wawasan Company.
a Calculate the value of the discount.
b How much is the total amount to be paid by Encik Yunos?

Solution
a • The price per unit of a jersey is RM25. • The price per unit of a cap is RM9.80.
• The number of jerseys bought is 60. • The number of caps bought is 100.
Price of jerseys: 60 × RM25 = RM1 500
Price of caps: 100 × RM9.80 = RM980

Total payment: 1 Value of discount = 10% × RM2 480

RM 1 5 0 0 10
+ RM 9 8 0 = × RM2 480
100
RM 2 4 8 0
= RM248
The discount is RM248.
b The total amount to be paid = Total payment – Value of discount
7 10
RM 2 4 8 0
− RM 2 4 8
RM 2 2 3 2

The total amount to be paid by Encik Yunos is RM2 232.

Can the total amount to be paid be solved using this €

number sentence? Discuss.
90% × RM2 480 =

€€Discuss various problem-solving strategies such as simulation.

3.3.1 127
 6 Halim’s family went on a holiday and stayed at Ria Hotel for 2 nights.
The room rate for a one-night stay is RM280. The service tax was
charged at 6%. Calculate the payment for a two-night stay inclusive of
service tax.
Underline the
important information
in the question.

Solution

Room rate for a one-night stay is RM280.

Room rate for a two-night stay: 2 × RM280 = RM560
6 RM336
Service tax payment: × RM560 =
100 10
= RM33.60

Total payment = Room rate (2 nights) + Service tax payment

RM 5 6 0.0 0
+ RM 3 3.6 0
RM 5 9 3.6 0

Check
RM593.60 – RM560 = RM33.60
RM33.60 RM3 360
× 100% = %
RM560 RM560
= 6%
The rate for a two-night stay inclusive of €
service tax is RM593.60.

Halim was given 5 food vouchers of RM10 each. He used the vouchers €
at the hotel restaurant. He was given a bill of RM90.65. Halim gave RM100
to the cashier. How much money should be returned? Discuss.

€€Guide pupils to find keywords and construct the correct number sentence €
128 3.3.1
to solve the problem.
 7 The diagram below shows the record of assets and liabilities owned by
John and Jenny. The annual income for both of them is the same, which
is RM81 999.

John Jenny
Fixed deposit : RM90 000 Jewellery : RM20 000
Credit card debt : RM1 500 Car (bought cash) : RM55 000
Car loan : RM25 000 Education loan : RM18 000
a Calculate their total assets.
b How much is the difference in liability between them?

Solution
Name John Jenny
Make a Asset RM90 000 RM20 000 and RM55 000
table.
Liability RM1 500 and RM25 000 RM18 000

a John’s and Jenny’s assets

RM 9 0 0 00
RM 2 0 0 00 Check
+ RM 5 5 0 00
RM 1 6 5 0 00 RM165 000 – RM55 000 – RM20 000 = RM90 000
Their total asset is RM165 000.

b Liability
John: RM1 500 + RM25 000 = RM26 500€
Jenny: RM18 000
1 16
RM 2 6 5 0 0 Check
− RM 1 8 0 0 0 RM8 500 + RM18 000 = RM26 500
RM 8 5 0 0

The difference in liability between them is RM8 500.

John is wiser in managing his finance. Discuss.

€€Instil moral values such as the importance of savings, spending money

3.3.1 wisely, and avoiding loans as well as to settle any loan. 129
 8 Aira won a cash prize of RM10 000 in a patriotic songwriting competition. Aira
saved RM6 000 in a bank and the balance was invested in a unit trust for €
her education in the future. She received a savings interest of 2% per annum.
The dividend rate from her unit trust is 8% per annum. Calculate the dividend
after a year.

Solution

Important information
• The total amount of money is RM10 000.
• Savings in the bank is RM6 000 with an interest of 2% per annum.
• The balance was invested with a dividend of 8% per annum.

I draw a diagram.

RM10 000
RM6 000 RM4 000

Savings Invest and get 8% dividend per annum

8% × RM4 000 =

8
Dividend: 8% × RM4 000 =
× RM4 000
100
= RM320
Check
RM320
× 100% = 8%
RM4 000
8% × RM4 000 = RM320

The dividend received after a year is RM320.

The savings interest received by Aira is €

RM120 per year.
Is the statement true? Prove it.

€€Guide pupils to identify keywords and solve the problem through other
130 strategies such as simulation. 3.3.1
 LET’S DO IT
Solve the problems below.
1 The picture shows the selling price of a bicycle. The cost €
price of the bicycle is RM500.
a Calculate the profit from the sale of the bicycle.
RM600
b If the retailer wants to get a profit of RM180, €
how much is the selling price of the bicycle?

2 A shopkeeper loses an amount of RM1 020 after selling 4 of the same model of
handphones. The cost price of one handphone is RM829. How much is the selling
price of one handphone?

3 The table below shows two items that are sold in a boutique. The profit for both
items is the same. How much is the cost price of a pair of shoes?

Item Cost price Selling price

RM1 000 RM1 300

RM1 000

Clearance
4 The picture shows the price of a massage chair at a sale
clearance sale. Encik Liew will lose RM300 if he sells
Selling price
the massage chair for RM2 700. If Encik Liew
RM2 700
wants to gain a profit of RM400, how much is the
selling price of the massage chair?

5 The picture shows the cost price of two types €

of baju kurung. Miss Ros makes a profit of
RM15 for baju kurung Kedah and RM30 for baju
kurung Pahang. The sales revenue that Miss Ros
obtained is RM360. How many pieces of each
type of baju kurung might have been sold? Baju kurung Baju kurung
Kedah Pahang
RM30 RM60

€€Remind pupils to identify keywords to construct correct number sentence.

3.3.1 131
 6 The picture shows the selling price and the
percentage of discount for an air conditioner.
Puan Ida wants to buy 2 air conditioners. RM2 150
Calculate the total amount of money that Discount: 20%
she can save. COPY
Jaya Stationery Supplier, INVOICE
6, Jalan Makmur,
7 The incomplete invoice on the right 43800 Dengkil,
shows two goods that have been To:
Selangor.
bought. Book Store Z,
Lot 41, Wisma Ilmu, Invoice No.: AT402
50460 Kuala Lumpur. Date: 3.11.2022
a How much is to be paid if a 10%
No. Details
Quantity Price per unit Total
sales discount is given? (RM) (RM)
1 Dictionary 30 28.00
b T he cost price of an exercise book is € Exercise
2 90 1.50
80 sen. How much is the profit for all € book
the exercise books sold?
8 Adi has RM500. Adi and his friends each bought a set of food at a restaurant.
Each set costs RM17.50. Adi paid for their food which is inclusive of 6%
service tax. Calculate Adi’s balance.
9 Felix bought three goods as shown €
NO.11, JALAN MAS,
in the bill. TAMAN INDAH,
52100 KUALA LUMPUR.
a Calculate the total price to be paid. KITA
BOOKSHOP

b RM10 rebate is given to every RM100 PRINTER INK 5 × RM42

PEN 10 X10 × RM7
RM7
purchase. How much is the total rebate
BOOK 8 × RM9
received by Felix?
QUANTITY: 23 ITEM NO.: 3

TOTAL PRICE:

10 The table shows the savings account statement for Dina.

Date Withdrawal Deposit Interest Balance
1.9.2021 – RM200 – RM5 000
1.9.2022 – –

The interest rate given by the bank for the savings is 2% per annum.
Calculate the total amount of money saved by Dina on 1.9.2022 after
receiving the interest.

€€Discuss various problem-solving strategies such as simulation and try simpler

132 questions. 3.3.1
 LET’S PRACTISE
1 Calculate and complete the table below.
Selling price Cost price Profit or loss Profit or loss value
RM150 RM130 Profit RM20
RM90 RM112
RM725 RM580
RM60 RM80
RM360 RM300
RM27 RM32.50

2 Complete the table below.

Item Cost price Selling price Profit Loss
Rice cooker RM360 RM90 none
Vacuum RM860 RM70 none
Decorative lights RM800 none RM50
3 Calculate.
a b

Selling price: RM2 800 Selling price: RM4 500

Discount: 10% Discount: 20%
Discount value: Price after discount:

c d

Selling price: RM4 129 Selling price: RM400 000

Cash rebate: RM50 Rebate: 2%
Price after rebate: Price after rebate:

€€Provide more questions to reinforce pupils’ understanding.

3.1.1, 3.1.2 133
 4 Complete the information for part of the invoice given below.
Quantity Details Price per unit (RM) Total (RM)
50 rims A4 paper 8
40 pieces File 3
100 books Pocket dictionary 12
Total
Sales discount (10%)
Total payment

5 a Complete the information on the entrance ticket to a water theme park below.

Quantity Description Price (RM) Free vouchers on spending:

2 Adult MyKad 230.00
RM100 and above RM10
3 Children MyKid 270.00
RM300 and above RM30
Date: 6.6.2022 Total: RM500 and above RM50
Service tax 6%: Validity date from €
Total payment: 7.6.2022 until 30.9.2022
b How much is the value of the voucher that will be received?
6 Solve these.
a Account Period Total Effective Maturity
Date No. (months) investment date date
1.10.2021 B110114 12 RM10 000 1.10.2021 1.10.2022
Calculate the value of dividend obtained with an interest rate of €
9.5% per annum upon maturity date.
b Date Account No. Withdrawal Deposit Balance
1.3.2022 140630205276 - RM8 000 RM8 000
Calculate the savings interest for one year if the interest rate is €
1.5% per annum.
7 Calculate the total asset value and the total liability value from €
the information below.
• House: RM128 000 • Education loan: RM16 000
• Credit card debt: RM7 460 • Fixed deposit: RM20 000
• Cash money: RM2 500 • Car loan: RM40 000

€€Encourage pupils to discuss with peers to build self-confidence in order €

134 to understand the questions and find solutions. 3.1.2
 8 List down three importance of insurance and takaful coverage.
9 Solve the problems.
a In an exhibition, a portrait priced at RM10 850 was sold at a discount of 12%. €
i How much is the value of the discount?€
ii How much is the selling price of the portrait?
b The table below shows the total assets and liabilities of Puan Ain and €
Puan Maryanti. The annual income for both of them is the same.€

Name Puan Ain Puan Maryanti

Asset RM125 108 RM209 400
Liability RM37 264 RM121 901

Who manages their finances better? Prove it.

c Prakash deposited RM3 500 into his account at Yakin Bank. He received an
interest rate of 2% per annum. Calculate the total amount of Prakash’s savings
after one year.
Tropica Golf and Resort Tropica Golf and Resort
d
CLUB MEMBER NON-CLUB MEMBER
Discount Discount
20% 10%
RM100 rebate with € RM50 rebate with €
a minimum expenditure a minimum expenditure€
of RM1 000. of RM1 000.
The information above shows a promotion for a golf competition. €
Puan Syarifah is a golf club member. Puan Goh is not a member. Both of
them spend RM1 000 respectively. They receive the rebate and also the
discount. Calculate the difference in payment for both of them.
30% Discount
e The information on the right shows a after 8:00 p.m.
promotion at Sedap Bakery. Hui Li went to
the shop at 8:30 in the evening. She had
RM10. Was the money enough to buy the
three goods? Show the calculations. RM2.50 RM4.50 RM8.00

f Fara paid RM50 together with 2 vouchers to the cashier for a handbag. €
The price of the handbag is RM120. The cashier returned RM10 to Fara. €
State the possible value of each voucher.

3.2.1, 3.2.2, €€Provide simpler questions on problem-solving skills.

135
3.3.1
 LET'S EXPLORE QUESTION
CARDS

Tools/Materials Question cards, papers, pens, and play money.

Participants 4 pupils in one group and one referee. SCAN ME

Referee

Cost price: RM120 Total price: RM150 Book price: RM12

Selling price: RM165 Service tax: 6% Discount: 10%
Profit: Service tax value: Discount value:

Total price: RM1 230.90 Investment: RM5 000 and

Rebate: RM50 Dividend: 5% per annum protect assets and
Total payment: Dividend value: contributor.

How to Play

1 Prepare four stations. Place a paper and pen for calculations at each station.
2 Place four question cards of the same questions at each station. Invert all
the question cards.
3 Participants from each group will take turns answering the questions
simultaneously. Participants will be given play money if the answer
is correct. The value of money depends on the level of speed while
answering.
Level of speed 1 2 3 4
Value of money RM10 RM7 RM5 RM2
received
Money is not given if the answer is wrong.
4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 to find a group that manages to collect the play money
of RM30.

3.1.1,
€€Provide more question cards. Provide more stations according to the number 3.1.2,
136 of pupils. The questions can be modified according to pupils’ abilities. 3.2.1
€€Scan QR code to print question cards.
 SELF-TEST
A. Choose the correct answer. 10. + = 20
1. One million sixty thousand one Two composite numbers to complete
hundred and one in numerals is . the number sentence above are …
A. 160 101 B. 160 110 A. 15, 5 B. 13, 7
C. 1 060 101 D. 1 060 110 C. 12, 8 D. 11, 9
2. 4 38 million = 11. 3 51 – 0.75 + 1 =
A. 437 500 B. 438 000
A. 2 41 9
B. 2 20
C. 4 375 000 D. 4 380 000
1 9
3. 120% = C. 3 20 D. 3 20
A. 1.02 B. 1.2 12. Which set is of prime numbers?
C. 0.12 D. 0.012 A. 1, 3, 5 and 7 B. 2, 5, 6 and 9
4. Which of the following is true? C. 11, 13, 15 and 17 D. 41, 43, 47 and 53
A. 3.08 = 380% B. 5 = 50% 13. 4 ÷ ( 9 – 0.4) =
10
C. 4.2 = 402% D. 6.5 = 650% A. 8 B. 6
5. Which of the following is a composite C. 0.25 D. 0.125
number? 4
14. 90.5 – 32 × 5 =
A. 5 B. 21
C. 47 D. 89 A. 75.1 B. 64.9
C. 54.8 D. 46.8
6. 2 951 000 + 1 million + 1.06 million 1
4 15. 4.5 million ÷ 5 + 10 million =
=
A. 4.261 million B. 4.161 million A. 9 100 000 B. 1 900 000
C. 4.151 million D. 3.207 million C. 1 000 000 D. 100 000
5
7. 320% of 4.7 km = 16. million – 25 000 – 0.1 million =
8
A. 7.9 km B. 15.04 km 1 1
A. 2 million B. 4 million
C. 23.68 km D. 36.7 km 1 1
8. 4.8 × 4.25 = C. 5 million D. 8 million
A. 5.1 B. 20.4 17. 4 92 ÷ 2 =
C. 204 D. 510 3
3 4
9. 259.16 ÷ 9.5 = A. B. 3 27
19
A. 27.108 B. 27.208 C. 4 31 D. 6 31
C. 27.18 D. 27.28

137
 18. Selling price Loss 24. 12 + 4.8 ÷ =
1
8
RM3 195 RM218 A. 50.4 B. 39.6
C. 12.6 D. 2.1
25. 170% of 2.6=
A. 4.24 B. 4.42
C. 42.4 D. 44.2
Calculate the cost price of the
3
refrigerator based on the table above. 26. million + 0.5 million = 1 million +
4
A. RM2 977 B. RM3 183 A. 250 000 B. 125 000
C. RM3 303 D. RM3 413 C. 25 000 D. 12 500
1 27. Solve these.
19. 2.1 million – × 4 = million
2 960 000 – (0.03 million + p) = 4 million
5
What is the value in ? What is the value of p ?
1 2 A. 130 000 B. 160 000
A. million B. million
5 5 C. 190 000 D. 480 000
3 5
C. million D. million 28.
8 8
20. Which of the following gives the Cost price: RM1 200
1
quotient of ? Profit: RM300
12
1 1 1 1
A. 2 ÷ 6 = B. 3 ÷ 4 =
1 1 How much is the selling price of
C. 6 ÷ 2 = D. 3 ÷ 4 =
4 handphones?
21. Calculate the percentage for 1.2 hours
A. RM3 600 B. RM4 700
of 0.4 hours.
C. RM4 900 D. RM6 000
A. 0.3% B. 3.0%
C. 30% D. 300% 29. Encik Sufi wants to buy a laptop.
22. How much must be added to Selling price: RM2 680
2 21 million and 0.04 million to make Discount: 20%
5 million?
A. 2 000 000 B. 2 460 000
C. 3 640 000 D. 7 640 000 How much is the price of the laptop
23. 9 million – (0.45 million +  ) after discount?
10
= 324 000 A. RM536 B. RM2 144
What is the value in ? C. RM2 156 D. RM2 660
A. 576 000 B. 541 000
C. 126 000 D. 116 000

138
B. Solve the following questions.
1. The following are a few number cards.
7. Rekha pours 1 21 orange juice into a
13 9 7 35 43 81 1
few glasses. Each glass contains 8
List all: orange juice. How many glasses are
a prime numbers. needed?
b composite numbers. 7
8. A factory produces 10 million of hand
2. The following are three number cards
sanitiser bottles. 0.208 million of the
R, S, and T.
sanitiser bottles were sent to North
0.18 million 1 Zone and the balance to South Zone.
million 80 000
R 8 T Calculate the difference in the number
S
of hand sanitiser bottles received by
a Which card has the largest value? the two zones.
b Calculate the difference between
9. The table below shows the number
the largest value and the smallest
of vehicles passing through four
value.
highways during festive season.
3. Solve these.
Highway
a 5 51 ÷ 4 = b ÷ 2 = 16
5 P Q R S
4. Calculate.
5 2.5 times of
a (3 – 1 25) ÷ 0.8 = 1.6 million 250 000  million
8 highway Q
7
b 4 10 + 2.95 × 7 = a Calculate the total vehicles passing

c 185% – 98% = through highways P, Q, and R.
5. Complete the table below. b The number of vehicles passing
Unit Investment Rate of Value of through highways R and S is the
trust dividend dividend same. Is the statement true?
P RM4 000 6.5% Prove it.
Q RM5 000 7% 10. Selvam has to pay a hospital bill of
6. Based on the number line below: RM1 200. He was subjected to 6%
service tax for the bill.
p 2 q 2.5 a Calculate the value of the service
a convert 2.5 to percentage. tax.
b state the value of q and then find b How much is the total payment
the value of q ÷ p. inclusive of the service tax?

139
 11. Alan runs a distance of 4.5 rounds 15. The diagram shows the
on a track at a field every day. The price and discount of a
distance of one round of the track is book rack. How much
0.4 km. What is the running distance, money can be saved? RM139.50
in km, in a week? 20%
12. A piece of ribbon measuring 4 21 m is 16.
cut into 9 parts of equal length. 0 k 1 3 2
5 million 10 million 5 million
a What is the length, in m, of each State the value of k in a whole number
part of the ribbon? based on the number line above.
b Sofia uses one part of the ribbon 17. I purchased a set of
for handicraft. She also uses 2 furniture for RM6 400.
pieces of lace fabric of 3 m and
1.25 m respectively. Calculate The following is the cash rebate offered
the total length, in m, of all the for the purchase:
materials.
13. The table shows the volume of date Purchase Rebate
milk in three containers. RM1 000 to RM2 999 RM100
Container Volume of date milk RM3 000 to RM4 999 RM200
Blue 1.8 RM5 000 to RM6 999 RM300
120% of the volume in RM7 000 to RM8 999 RM400
White
the blue container How much does Aditya have to pay for
Red 2.7 one set of furniture?
a Calculate the volume, in,of date 18. Sarjit saved RM12 000 in an investment
milk in the white container. account. He received a dividend of 4%
b What is the percentage of the per annum. How much is the value of
volume of date milk in the red
container compared to the volume the dividend after one year?
of date milk in the blue container? 19. The following is the record of the assets
14. and liabilities of Miss Dhia.
a Find the value of
Savings: RM50 000
the rebate.
Credit card debt: RM1 460
b State the price Education loan: RM15 000
of the bungalow Car (bought cash): RM35 000
RM1.5 million after the rebate. Is the value of the assets more than
Rebate: 1%
the liabilities? Prove it.

140
 4 TIME

RECOGNISE TIME ZONE

1 Doctor Tan works in Malaysia. He has just started an online conversation
with his two friends who are living overseas. The time at their respective
places is different.

It is 5:30 p.m. now

in New Delhi.

The clock is
Their time is different Dr. Rajesh showing 8:00 p.m.
from one another. in Kuala Lumpur.
Why does that
happen, teacher?

Dr. Tan

It is already
10:00 p.m. in
Brisbane.

Dr. Mikhail There is a time

difference between
the three countries
because they are
The locations which receive situated in different
sunlight experience daytime. time zones.
The locations which are blocked
by sunlight experience
nighttime.
dark bright
area Sun
area

Earth

€€Scan the AR to know more about the reasons for time differences €
4.1.1
in the world. 141
 2

Time zone in Greenwich,

GREENLAND

FINLAND
ALASKA
England (GMT 0) ICELAND NORWAY
Tuesday, 8 March 2022, 2:12 a.m. SWEDEN

CANADA
UNITED
KINGDOM
IRELAND POLAND BELARUS
Time zone in Mexico City, Mexico GERMANY
UKRAINE
FRANCE
(GMT –6) ITA
SPAIN LY
Monday, 7 March 2022, UNITED
8:12 p.m.
STATES PORTUGAL GREECE
TURKEY T
L I N E

OF AMERICA
IRAQ
MOROCCO IR
LIBYA
D A T E

BAHAMAS ALGERIA
EGYPT SAUDI
HAWAII ARABIA
CUBA
MEXICO MAURITANIA
North NIGER CHAD
I N T E R N A T I O N A L

MALI SUDAN
NIGERIA
VENEZUELA ETHIOPIA
COLOMBIA SOMAL

ECUADOR GABON KENYA

West East CONGO
TANZANIA
PERU BRAZIL
ANGOLA

E
ZAMBIA

IQU
BOLIVIA
South

MB
MADAG
NAMIBIA

ZA
MO
PARAGUAY

Greenwich Meridian (GMT 0) URUGUAY

SOUTH
AFRICA
• The time zone is measured from here.
CHILE ARGENTINA

• Time becomes earlier for places situated on the right side (East).
• Time becomes later for places situated on the left side (West).

Travel to the West

The time difference The time in Malaysia The time in Mexico

for every GMT is 8 hours ahead of City is 6 hours behind
is 1 hour. Greenwich. Greenwich.

€€Ask pupils who have travelled abroad to share about time, temperature, and 4.1.1,
142 weather of the countries that they have visited. 4.1.2
€€Surf https://bit.ly/2TonYec to know more about the history of time zone.
 TIME ZONES
WEBSITE

SCAN ME
R U S I R A U S I
Time zone in ATokyo, Japan (GMT +9)
Tuesday, 8 March 2022, 11:12 a.m. TIPS
China uses only
LARUS

RAINE
one time zone
KAZAKHSTAN KAZAKHSTAN
MONGOLIA MONGOLIA
which is GMT +8.
TURKEY

I N T E R N A T I O N A L

I N T E R N A T I O N A L
TURKMENISTAN TURKMENISTAN
JAPAN JAPAN
CHINA CHINA
AFGHANISTAN
IRAQ AFGHANISTAN
RAN IRAN
PAKISTAN PAKISTAN (chinahighlight.com/
YPT SAUDI
ARABIA MYANMARINDIA MYANMAR
travelguide/china_time)
INDIA

AN PHILIPPINES PHILIPPINES

ETHIOPIA
LIA SOMALIA
SRI MALAYSIA
SRI MALAYSIA
D A T E

D A T E
LANKA LANKA
KENYA
I N D O N E S I AI N D O N EPAPUA
S I A PAPUA
TANZANIA NEW GUINEA NEW GUINEA
SOLOMON SOLOMON
What is GMT?
L I N E

L I N E
E

IA
IQU

GMT is Greenwich Mean Time, the

MB

GASCAR MADAGASCAR
ZA

local clock time at Greenwich Meridian

MO

AUSTRALIA AUSTRALIA
SOUTH 0° that passes through Greenwich,
AFRICA
Time zone in Kuching, Malaysia London in England. This standard time
(GMT +8) is the basis for the 24-hour time zone
D

D
AN

AN
AL

AL
ZE

ZE

Tuesday, 8 March 2022, 10:12 a.m. in the world.

W

W
NE

NE

Travel to the East

Time differences between three cities from Greenwich

Kuching
6 hours of difference 8 hours of difference
10:12 a.m.

Mexico Greenwich Tokyo

City 9 hours of difference
2:12 a.m. 11:12 a.m.
8:12 p.m.
Based on the timeline, discuss the time difference between:
a Kuching and Tokyo. b Mexico City and Kuching.

4.1.1 €€Discuss countries that have two or more time zones with pupils. For example,
Australia (GMT +8, GMT +9, and GMT +10) and Indonesia (GMT +7, GMT +8, 143
4.1.2
and GMT +9).
€€Scan the QR code to explore time all around the world.
 3

Malaysia, 1607 hours Japan, 1707 hours

Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia Tokyo, Japan
Sunday, 15 May 2022 Sunday, 15 May 2022

Indonesia, 1507 hours

Aceh, Indonesia
Sunday, 15 May 2022
Based on the above information, find the time difference between the cities:
a Ipoh and Tokyo. b Aceh and Tokyo.
hours minutes hours minutes
1 7 0 7 1 7 0 7
− 1 6 0 7 − 1 5 0 7
1 0 0 2 0 0
The time difference between Ipoh The time difference between
and Tokyo is 1 hour  . Aceh and Tokyo is 2 hours  .

Tokyo, Japan is in the east Aceh, Indonesia is in the

of Malaysia. Therefore, west of Tokyo, Japan.
the time in Tokyo is 1 hour Therefore, the time in Aceh is
ahead of Ipoh. 2 hours behind Tokyo.

€€ Guide pupils to find the time difference between two time zones for a few popular
144 4.1.2
cities in the world.
€€ Emphasise the importance of identifying the location of a city or a country in the
east or west to determine whether the time is ahead or behind.
 4

Moscow, Russia Vladivostok, Russia

26 August 2022 26 August 2022
4:35 a.m. 11:35 a.m.
Calculate the time difference
between Moscow and Vladivostok.
Moscow Vladivostok Russia has 11
time zones.

4:35 a.m. time 11:35 a.m.

difference?
hours minutes
0 11
Vladivostok time 1 1 3 5 Subtract the time in Moscow from
Moscow time − 0 4 3 5 the time in Vladivostok because
Time difference 7 0 0 Moscow has a later time.

The time difference between Moscow and Vladivostok is 7 hours .

5 Calculate the time Alor Setar, Malaysia Darwin, Australia

difference between Thursday, 23 June 2022 Friday, 24 June 2022
Darwin and Alor Setar.

Thursday Friday
Alor Setar Darwin
1 hour 30 minutes

2310 hours 0010 hours 0040 hours

The time difference between Darwin and Alor Setar is 1 hour 30 minutes .

€€Guide pupils to identify the location before subtracting the time to find €
4.1.2 the time difference. 145
€€Surf https://timeanddate.com to get the time in two different cities €
in the world.
 6 The time in Kuala Lumpur
is 5 hours ahead of
Riyadh. State the time in
Riyadh.

Change 10:00 p.m. to

24-hour system, which
is 2200 hours. Kuala Lumpur Tower, Kingdom Centre,
Malaysia Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
10:00 p.m.
22 February 2022

hours minutes
1 12 Subtract 5 hours from the time in Kuala Lumpur
2 2 0 0 because the time in Riyadh is behind by 5 hours.
− 5 0 0
1 7 0 0 1700 hours in a 12-hour system is 5:00 p.m.

The time in Riyadh is 1700 hours or 5:00 p.m. .

The time in Tawau is 7 hours ahead of Dublin, Ireland on 6 December 2022.

What is the time in Dublin if the time in Tawau is 1:45 p.m.?

2 hours ahead City

P
hours
THINK City
A
SMART 1510 hours
City
Q 3 hours behind
hours
State the time in city P and city Q.
How much is the time difference between city P and city Q?

€€Guide pupils to determine the time in a 12-hour system or a 24-hour system

146 4.1.2
correctly.
€€Encourage pupils to use an analog clock face for simulation.
 LET’S DO IT
1 Wellington, New Zealand
10 May 2022
1355 hours

Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

10 May 2022
0955 hours
Find the time difference between Wellington and Kota Kinabalu.
2 The time in Los Angeles, The United States of America is Thursday, €
27 January 2022, 1420 hours. The time in Kota Bharu is Friday, €
28 January 2022, 0520 hours. Calculate the time difference between €
these two cities.
Maluku Kuala Lumpur
3 Zahidah has arrived at Ambon Airport,
Maluku, Indonesia from Kuala Lumpur.
Calculate the time difference between
Kuala Lumpur and Maluku based on €
the picture.
4 Paris,
1915 hours
France
24 November 2022

1315 hours
24 November 2022
Calculate the time difference between the two places based on the
information given above.
5
Vientiane, Laos The time in Liverpool, England is 6 hours
Thursday, 17 February 2022 behind the time in Vientiane, Laos. State the
time in Liverpool when the time in Laos is as
shown in the picture.

6 The time in Arau, Perlis is ahead of the time in Buenos Aires, Argentina by 11 hours.
State the time in Buenos Aires if the time in Arau is 1950 hours.

€€Ask pupils to refer to the time zone map to determine if the location is in the correct €
4.1.2 time zone. 147
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 Ikhwan is in Malacca. He joins
an online class organised by a
university in Amman, Jordan on
23 February 2022 at 1545 hours
Malaysia time. The local time in
Amman is 1045 hours. How much
is the time difference, in minutes,
between both locations?

Solution

Understand the problem

• Malacca, 1545 hours.
• Amman, 1045 hours.
• Find the time difference in minutes.
Plan the strategy Solve hours minutes
• Subtraction. 1 5 4 5
• Convert the answer to minutes. − 1 0 4 5
1545 hours – 1045 hours = 5 0 0

5 hours = 5 × 60 minutes
Check = 300 minutes

60 minutes 60 minutes 60 minutes 60 minutes 60 minutes

1 hour 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour

1045 hours 1545 hours
Amman Malacca

The time difference between both locations is 300 minutes.

Ikhwan’s friend who is in Yangon, Myanmar also joined the same online
class. The local time in Yangon at that time was 1415 hours. Calculate the
time difference between Yangon and Amman.

€€Remind pupils to solve problems using Polya’s method.

148 4.2.1
 2

London
2315 hours
Putrajaya 10 March 2022
Johari returns to London for work. As soon as he arrives in London at €
11:15 p.m., he sends a short text message to his mother who is in Putrajaya.
The time in Putrajaya is 7 hours ahead of London. State the time in
Putrajaya at that moment.
Solution
Given Asked for
• London, 11:15 p.m. • Time in Putrajaya.
• Time in Putrajaya is 7 hours ahead
of London. The 7-hour time
difference is
Solve
11 12 1 11 12 1
because the time
10 2 10 2 in Putrajaya is
9 3 9 3 ahead of the time in
8 4 8 4 London.
7 6 5 7 6 5

Check

Johari Johari’s
London mother
11:15 p.m. 1:15 a.m. 3:15 a.m. 5:15 a.m.
10 March 2022 11 March 2022 11 March 2022 11 March 2022 Putrajaya

12:15 a.m. 2:15 a.m. 4:15 a.m. 6:15 a.m.

11 March 2022 11 March 2022 11 March 2022 11 March 2022

The time in Putrajaya is 6:15 a.m., 11 March 2022.

Johari’s father is in Bangkok, Thailand. The time in Bangkok is 1 hour

behind Putrajaya. Does his father's watch show 7:15 a.m. at that
moment? Discuss.

€€Guide pupils to understand day conversion by doing simulation.

4.2.1 149
 3

National Stadium
of Bukit Jalil, €
Kuala Lumpur
2045 hours
29 August 2022

−2 −1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 +10 +11 +12

Naypyidaw, Myanmar Perth, Australia Jakarta, Indonesia Osaka, Japan
1.5 hours behind 2045 hours 1 hour behind 1 hour ahead
FINLAND

ICELAND NORWAY
A football match is broadcast live from
SWEDEN R UtheSNational
I A Stadium of Bukit Jalil, €
Kuala Lumpur. The pictures above show fans who are watching the match €
UNITED
from their respective countries.
KINGDOM
IRELAND a WhyBALARUS
are the fans in Perth watch the match at the same time as in €
JERMAN PORLAND
Kuala Lumpur?
UKRAINE
KAZAKHSTAN
PERANCIS MONGOLIA

G A R I S A N
bITA State the time of the match in Naypyidaw, Myanmar and Jakarta, Indonesia.
SEPANYOL LI
PORTUGAL TURKI TURKMENIA
cGREECE
Is it true that the fans in Osaka, Japan watch the match at 1945 hours? €
JEPUN
CHINA
Prove it. IRAQ +3½ AFGANISTAN
MAGHRIBI IRAN +4½
+5¾

T A R I K H
ALGERIA d LIBYA IRAN
Calculate
MESIR the time
ARAB difference between Naypyidaw, Myanmar, and Osaka, Japan.
+5½ +6½
SAUDI
INDIA MYANMAR
MAURITANIA
MALI NIGAR CHAD
SUDAN
Solution
A N T A R A B A N G S A
NIGARIA Kuala Lumpur,
HABSYAH
SOMALIA SRI Malaysia
a Perth is located
KENYA
in the LANKA
GABON
CONGO
same time zone as
TANZANIA SOLOMON
Kuala
ANGOLA
Lumpur.
A

ZAMBIA
IQU

Therefore, theMADAGASCAR
fans in Perth
MB
ZA

NAMIBIA
watch the match at the same
MO

time as in Kuala Lumpur,

AFRIKA Perth, Australia
SELATAN
which is at 2045 hours.
ND
A
AL
ZE
W

€€Carry out a simulation to understand the situation.

NE

150 €€Use the clock face display to show the time difference between two cities. 4.2.1

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
 b The time in Naypyidaw is 1.5 hours behind the time in Kuala Lumpur.
1.5 hours = 1 hour 30 minutes
hours minutes
Naypyidaw time 1 10
= Kuala Lumpur time – Time difference 2 0 4 5
= 2045 hours – 1 hour 30 minutes − 1 3 0
= 1915 hours 1 9 1 5
The time of the match in Naypyidaw is at 1915 hours.

The time in Jakarta is 1 hour behind the time in € hours minutes

Kuala Lumpur. 1 10
Jakarta time = Kuala Lumpur time – Time difference 2 0 4 5
= 2045 hours – 1 hour
− 1 0 0
= 1945 hours 1 9 4 5

The time of the match in Jakarta is at 1945 hours.

c The time in Osaka is 1 hour ahead of the time in Kuala Lumpur.

Osaka time = Kuala Lumpur time + Time difference hours minutes
= 2045 hours + 1 hour 2 0 4 5
= 2145 hours + 1 0 0
Incorrect. The fans in Osaka watch the 2 1 4 5
the match at 2145 hours.

d Naypyidaw Kuala Lumpur Osaka

1.5 hours 1 hour

How many hours difference?

1.5 hours + 1 hour = 2.5 hours

= 2 hours + 0.5 hour
= 2 hours + (0.5 × 60 minutes)
= 2 hours 30 minutes

The time difference between Naypyidaw, Myanmar and€

Osaka, Japan is 2 hours 30 minutes.

€€Provide various problem-solving strategies such as using a timeline and a clock

4.2.1 model. 151
 TRY IT OUT OUR WORLD CLOCK CRAFT

Tools/Materials Cardboards or manila cards, pens, scissors, €

small nuts, and screws.
Participants 5 pupils in a group.
Kuala Lumpur
Task 1 Each pupil cuts the cardboard according to their 0900 hours
creativity to create a clock face, hour hand, and €
minute hand.
2 Complete the clock face by writing the numbers in a€
12-hour system or a 24-hour system.
3 Assemble the hour hand and minute hand using a
small nut and screw. London
4 Label one of the clock display according to the time in 0200 hours
Kuala Lumpur.
5 Label another four clock displays according to the time
in four other different cities.
6 Display the best top five world clock created in the
class.
Riyadh Osaka Brisbane
0400 hours 1000 hours 1100 hours

LET’S DO IT
Solve the following problems.
a Puan Winnie Mawan is from Miri, Sarawak. She works at a telecommunication
company in Kawasaki, Japan. The current time in Kawasaki, Japan is 4:20 p.m.
Meanwhile, the current time in Miri is 1520 hours. Find the time difference between
these two cities.
b Encik Emir works at the Turkey Embassy in Malaysia. He receives a short text
message from his brother in Istanbul, Turkey while having his lunch at 12:30 p.m.
The time in Kuala Lumpur is 5 hours ahead of the time in Istanbul. What is the local
time in Istanbul at that time?
c Father is having a conversation with his brother who is currently in Florida, The United
States of America via a video call. The time in Kuala Lumpur is 12 hours ahead of
Florida.
i State the time in Florida when father’s watch shows 10:30 p.m., 5 February 2022.
ii At what time will father contact his brother if he wants to talk to him at €
0900 hours, Florida time?

€€Surf https://www.timeanddate.com/time/map/ or other suitable websites to 4.1.2, €

152
check the time for the selected cities in the Try It Out activity. 4.2.1
 LET’S PRACTISE
1 What is the total number of the world time zones?
2 Calculate the time difference between these two cities on 3 March 2022 according to
the timeline below.
Rio de Janeiro Madrid
:
11 30 p.m. 3:30 p.m.

Greenwich Mecca Labuan Gold Coast

2:30 p.m. 5:30 p.m. 10:30 p.m. 12:30 a.m.
3 Lahad Datu, Sabah Medina, Saudi Arabia Based on the information given,
Saturday, 16 April 2022 Saturday, 16 April 2022 calculate the time difference
3:23 p.m. 10:23 a.m. between Lahad Datu and Medina.

4 The clock shows the time in Seremban. The time in

Seremban is 1.5 hours ahead of the time in town P. State
AM
the current time in town P.
5 Solve the problems below.
a The time in Johannesburg, South Africa is 6 hours
FINAL FOOTBALL
behind the time in Malaysia. At what time will the
MATCH
Venue: Johannesburg football fans in Malaysia start watching the live
Time: 1700 hours broadcast of the final match?

b Maheshwaran works in Bern, Switzerland since January 2022. His family stays in
Dungun, Terengganu. The time difference between Bern and Dungun is 7 hours.
Maheshwaran makes a video call to his family starting at 1135 hours, the time in Bern.
i At what time does the video call in Dungun start?
ii They talk for 25 minutes. When does the video call in Bern end?
c An international conference is broadcast live on 9 February 2022 from Putrajaya
International Convention Centre (PICC) to a few countries. The conference starts
at 0930 hours, Malaysia time.
i The time in Putrajaya is 5 hours ahead of the time in Helsinki. State the time
when the conference starts in Helsinki, Finland.
ii Mrs Smith who is currently in London watched the delayed broadcast of the
conference for 40 minutes. The time in London is 7 hours behind the time in
Putrajaya. State the time Mrs Smith watched the delayed broadcast.

4.1.1, 4.1.2, € €€Ask pupils to refer to the time zone map to get the answers. Carry out €
21st Century Learning activity such as Bus Stop to solve the question. 153
4.2.1
 LET'S EXPLORE
Complete the crossword puzzle according to the sentences below.
1 7

CROSSWORD
3 9 10 PUZZLE AND
ANSWERS

4 11 5 SCAN ME

12

horizontal vertical
1 The time difference for each GMT 7 Malaysia has time zone.
is one . 8 The time difference between
2 The time difference in the world and Greenwich is 9 hours.
is because of the different time 9 The time is if the location is
. in the west.
3 The time in Riyadh is 5 hours 10 The time in Malaysia is 8 hours
behind . of the time in Greenwich.
4 The time is behind if the location 11 The time in Kuala Lumpur is
of the place is in the . hours ahead of the time in
5 GMT acts as to determine Karachi, Pakistan.
24 world time zones. 12 The time difference between
6 The world time zone is calculated Greenwich and Rome is
from Meridian, London. hours.

€€Scan the QR code to check your answers.

154 4.1.1, 4.1.2
€€Emphasise that the answers for time difference between two cities do not involve
the daylight saving time.
 5 MEASUREMENT

SOLVE THE PROBLEMS

LENGTH AND MASS
1 The picture shows two books, A and B. The length
length and width of the books are the same
but the thickness is different. The thickness Book A Book B
of book A is 4 cm more than the thickness of
book B. Calculate the mass, in kg, for book A. width

Solution 2 cm Mass 500 g

Understand the problem

Plan the strategy
• The thickness of book B, 2 cm.
• The thickness of book A is 4 cm Books B A
more than book B. Thickness 2 cm 2 cm + 4 cm = cm
• The mass of book B, 500 g.
• Calculate the mass of book A Mass 500 g kg
in kg.
Solve
The thickness of book A = 2 cm + 4 cm Check
= 6 cm thickness mass
The thickness of book A
6 cm = 3 × 2 cm is 3 times the thickness of
2 cm 50 0 g
book B. So, the mass of 2 cm 50 0 g
3 × 500 g = kg book A must be 3 times + 2 cm + 50 0 g
the mass of book B. 6 cm 1 50 0 g
500 g
× 3
1 500 g = 1.5 kg
1 500 g
(1 500. ÷ 1 000) kg = 1.5 kg
Do a mental calculation
3 × 500 g = 1.5 kg for a book with 1 cm
thickness. Explain.

The mass of book A is 1.5 kg.

€€Give pupils similar problems by changing the thickness or mass of a book.

5.1.1 (i) Ask pupils to work in pairs to solve the problems and present their answers 155
to enhance their understanding.
 2 Father cuts a 12 m metal rod into 3 parts of
different lengths as shown in the table below.
The mass of rod A is given.
Metal rod A B C
Length 3m 5m 4m
Mass 2.664 kg
Find the mass of the longest metal rod.

Solution
Given Asked for
• A 12 m metal rod is cut into 3 parts, A, B, and C. The mass of the
• The length of metal rod A is 3 m and the mass longest metal rod.
is 2.664 kg.
• The length of metal rod B is 5 m.
• The length of metal rod C is 4 m.

Calculate
Step 1 Step 2
Find the mass for
1 m rod. 3m 2.664 kg The longest metal rod,
5 m is metal rod B.
1m 2.664 kg ÷ 3 =
The mass of metal rod B
0.8 8 8 kg 5 × 0.888 kg =
3 2.6 6 4 kg
−0 4 4 4
2 6 0 . 8 8 8 kg
−2 4 × 5
2 6 4 . 4 4 0 kg
− 2 4
24
−2 4 Divide 4.44 kg by 5 to
0 check the answer. Find the
mass of metal rod C.

5 × 0.888 kg = 4.44 kg
The mass of the longest metal rod is 4.44 kg.

€€Vary the questions by changing the original mass of the metal rod to enhance
156 pupils’ understanding. 5.1.1 (i)
 3 A weighing scale is used to observe the length of
spring stretch when a weight is placed on it. The
maximum length of spring stretch for this scale is
6 cm. When a weight of 500 g is hung on the scale,
the length of spring stretches 3 cm.
a State the length of spring stretch if a weight of
750 g is hung on the scale.
b What is the maximum weight, in kg, that can be
hung on the scale?

Solution

Weight Stretch length

500 g 3 cm
750 g
maximum 6 cm
a Step 1 750 g = 500 g + 250 g
Find the length of spring
500 g 3 cm stretch for 250 g first.

÷2 ÷2
250 g 1.5 cm Step 2

1 . 5 cm 750 g 3 cm + 1.5 cm = 4.5 cm

2 3 . 0 cm
−2
1 0
−1 0
0
The length of spring stretch is 4.5 cm if a weight of 750 g is hung on the scale.

b 3 cm 500 g
2 × 500 g = 1 000 g
×2 ×2 = 1 kg
6 cm 1 000 g

The maximum weight that can be hung on the scale is 1 kg.

€€Guide pupils to compare two measurement units using proportions.

5.1.1 (i) €€Discuss ways to check the answers. 157
 LENGTH AND VOLUME OF LIQUID college
1 My brother rides his motorcycle from home 9 km
to his college every day. He uses 3 of petrol
for every 100 km. The distance from home to
college is shown in the picture. Calculate the 16 km
23 km
total volume of petrol, in m, that he uses for
a round trip. 12 km

Solution home

Given • 3 of petrol is used for every 100 km.

• Distance from home to college:
12 km + 23 km + 16 km + 9 km = km
Asked for The total volume of petrol used for a round trip.

Solve
The distance to college: 12 km + 23 km + 16 km + 9 km = 60 km
The distance of the round trip: 60 km + 60 km = 120 km

Step 1 Step 2

100 km 3 100 km + 20 km = 120 km

÷5 ÷5
20 km 0.6 3 + 0.6 = 3.6
= 3.6 × 1 000 m
Check = 3 600 m

100 km 3
120 km  3 . 6
6 5 1 8 . 0
120 × 3 18 −1 5
=  3 0
100 5

5
= 3.6 −3 0
0
The total volume of petrol used for a round trip is 3 600 m.

€€Train pupils to check their answers using suitable methods.

158 5.1.1 (ii)
 2 Zarif’s mother made fresh mango juice.
She poured into glass P until it was full and
the remainder into glass Q. The level of each
volume of juice in both glasses are labelled 110 mm
as shown in the picture. The volume of juice 40 mm
in glass Q is 150 m. Find the volume of P Q
mango juice in glass P.

Solution Calculate the

volume of juice
for 10 mm. Then
Understand • The level of juice in glass P is 110 mm. use the proportion
the problem • The level of juice in glass Q is 40 mm. to figure out the
• The volume of juice in glass Q is 150 m. volume of juice for
• How much is the volume of juice in glass P? 110 mm.
Plan the strategy
Level of juice Volume of juice
40 mm 150 m
40 mm ÷ 4 = 10 mm 150 m÷ 4 = m
11 × 10 mm = 110 mm 11 × m= m

Solve
3 7.5 m
Step 1 4 1 5 0.0 m
−1 2 Check
40 mm 150 m 30 11 × 37.5 m
÷4 ÷4 −2 8 = (10 + 1) × 37.5 m
2 0 = (10 × 37.5 m) + (1 × 37.5 m)
10 mm 37.5 m −2 0
0 3 7.5 m 3 7.5 m
Step 2 × 1 0 × 1
3 7.5 m 3 7 5.0 m 3 7.5 m
10 mm 37.5 m × 1 1
1 1
1 1
× 11 × 11 37 5 3 7 5 . 0 m
+3 7 5 0 + 3 7 . 5 m
110 mm 412.5 m 4 1 2 . 5 m
4 1 2.5 m
The volume of mango juice in glass P is 412.5 m.

€€Guide pupils to solve problems step by step using tables or determining

5.1.1 (ii) patterns. 159
 MASS AND VOLUME OF LIQUID

1 My sister is preparing chocolate Chocolate Milk Recipe

(one glass)
milk by referring to the recipe
shown in the picture. What is the 120 mof fresh milk
100 g of ice cubes
mass of chocolate pieces that she 10 g of sugar
needs if 0.96 of fresh milk is 55 g of chocolate pieces
used? Whipped cream (optional)

Solution

Understand the problem Plan the strategy

• 120 mof fresh milk needs 55 g 120 m
of chocolate pieces. 55 g
• How many grams of chocolate 0.96
pieces needed if 0.96 of fresh milk
?g
is used?
Solve

Method 1 Method 2
0.96 = 0.96 × 1 000 m 960 m
= 960 m =8
120 m
120 m 55 g 960 mof fresh milk can make
8
960 × 55 g 8 glasses.
960 m = 440 g
120 1 glass 55 g of chocolate pieces
4 1
8 glasses g of chocolate
55 g
pieces
× 8
440 g 8 × 55 g of chocolate pieces
= 440 g of chocolate pieces

Check 440 g ÷ 55 g = 8 Does she use 80 g of sugar

8 × 120 m = 960 m and 800 g of ice cubes?
= (960 ÷ 1 000) Discuss.
= 0.96

440 g of chocolate pieces is needed if 0.96 of fresh milk is used.

€€Get pupils to work in groups on a different recipe which involves mass and
160 5.1.1 (iii)
volume of liquid. Give suitable questions for each group to solve.
 Natural
2 A block of 250 g butter gives you 271.74 m salt

of melted butter. My sister is melting

5 blocks of butter and adding it to 2 000 m Butter
of evaporated milk to make cream soup.
Calculate the volume of the cream soup mixture. Fresh
250 g

Solution

Given • A block of 250 g butter gives 271.74 mof melted butter.

• 5 blocks of the same butter are melted and added to 2 000 m
of evaporated milk.
Asked for Calculate the volume of the mixture of melted butter and
evaporated milk.
Solve 5 × 271.74 m+ 2 000 m=
Step 1 Step 2

1 piece 271.74 m 1 358.7 m+ 2 000 m=  m

5 pieces  m 1 3 5 8 . 7 m
3 3 2 + 2 0 0 0 . 0 m
2 7 1 . 7 4 m 3 3 5 8 . 7 m
× 5
1 3 5 8 . 7 0 m 1 358.7 m+ 2 000 m= 3 358.7 m

3 3 5 8 . 7 m 2 7 1 . 7 4 m
Check
− 2 0 0 0 . 0 m 5 1 3 5 8 . 7 0 m
−1 0
1 3 5 8 . 7 m 3 5
−3 5
08 Does 4 blocks of
− 5 butter give more
3 7 than 1 of melted
−3 5 butter? Prove it.
20
− 20
0
5 × 271.74 m+ 2 000 m= 3 358.7 m
The volume of the cream soup mixture is 3 358.7 m.

€€Guide pupils to construct correct number sentences to solve the problems.

5.1.1 (iii) 161
161
 3 ORGANIC FERTILISER PROJECT
Ingredients
• 1 kg of waste materials (fruit peels, vegetable waste, dried leaves, grass)
• 150 g of black soil
• 1 of water
Method
1 Combine all the waste materials, black soil, and water.
2 Mix and loosen the mixture a few times.
3 Let it decompose for three months.
Our teacher, Mr Peter Unggah asked our group to produce organic fertiliser
as shown above. What is the mass of black soil and volume of water
needed for 2.5 kg of waste materials?
Solution
• 150 g of black soil and 1 of water needed for 1 kg of waste materials.
• Find the mass of black soil, in g, and litres of water for 2.5 kg of waste materials.

1 kg of waste materials 1of water

Solve using 2.5 kg of waste materials 2.5of water
proportion.
1 kg or 1 000 g of waste materials need 150 g of black soil.
2.5 kg of waste materials = 2 500 g of waste materials

1 000 g of waste materials 150 g of black soil

2 500 g × 150 g
2 500 g of waste materials
1 000 g 2
= 25 g ×15 2 5 g
= 375 g x 1 5
1 2 5
Check Waste materials Black soil Water + 2 5 0
1 . 0 kg 1 1 .0 3 7 5 g
1 . 0 kg 1 50 g 1 .0
+ 0 . 5 kg 1 50 g +0.5
2 . 5 kg + 75 g 2.5
375 g
375 g of black soil and 2.5 of water are needed for 2.5 kg
of waste materials.

€€Create a project which involves mass, volume of liquid, and length. Ask each
162 group to present their project. 5.1.1 (iii)
 LET’S DO IT
Solve these problems.
a A water bottle with the measurement shown is fully filled with
20 cm
1 200 mof drinking water. After drinking, the level
of water dropped to 8 cm. How much water was drunk?
b Our family went to visit Pahang National Park.
The distance from our house to Pahang National Park is 270 km.
My father’s car consumes 9.4of petrol for every 100 km.
Calculate the volume of petrol for a round trip.
c Puan Selvi wants to make jelly. Based on the recipe, 2of water
is used to dissolve 250 g of sugar and 20 g of jelly powder.
Calculate the mass of jelly powder needed by Puan Selvi if she
uses 5of water.

LET’S PRACTISE
Solve these problems.
a 5 kg of rice is fully filled in a container. The level of rice in the container is 20 cm.
After a few days, the level of rice in the container is reduced to 4 cm.
Calculate the mass, in g, of rice left.
b The picture shows two metals, R and Q of the
Metal R same type with different length and mass.
80 cm i Find the mass of metal Q.
Metal Q 10.2 kg ii Calculate the difference in mass of
0.6 m metal R and metal Q.
p kg
c A water tank can store 1 000 of water. The level of water in the tank is 1.5 m when full.
Calculate the level of water, in cm, when the remaining volume of water is 350.
d ANCHOVIES FRITTER RECIPE i Based on the given recipe, how

much volume of water and mass of
250 g of wheat flour
anchovies are needed if 800 g
3 g of fine salt
of wheat flour is used?
180 mof water
ii Find out the mass of wheat flour and
50 g of anchovies (cleaned)
the volume of water needed for 100 g
Cooking oil for frying
of anchovies.

€€Carry out activity to solve problems such as Gallery Walk.

5.1.1 (i), (ii), (iii) €€Guide pupils to solve problems step by step using Polya method. 163
163
LET'S EXPLORE TEST AND REVIEW

Tools/Materials Wooden sticks (20 cm), rubber bands (10 rings), transparent plastics, rulers,
hooks, 3 containers filled with pebbles or sand (300 g, 500 g, and 1 000 g),
10 marbles, measuring cylinders, weighing scales, water bottles,
1of water, and tables. TABLE
OF TASK
Participants 4 pupils in a group.

Task
SCAN ME
STATION 1 MASS AND VOLUME OF LIQUID
STATION 1
1 Fill the measuring cylinder with 200 m
Marble Volume of
of water. mass water (m)
2 Weigh the mass of a marble and record it. (g)
3 Put in the marbles one at a time carefully into 0 200
the measuring cylinder.
4 Record the total mass of marbles and the
volume of water after putting each marble.
5 Make conclusion about the mass of marbles
and the volume of water.
STATION 2 VOLUME OF LIQUID AND LENGTH
1 Measure 300 m of water and fill it in a bottle. STATION 2
2 Measure the level of water in the bottle and Volume Level of
record it. of water water (cm)
3 Pour in another 100 m of water, measure (m)
the level of water and record it. 300
4 Repeat step 3 for 2 times. 400
5 Make conclusion about the volume of water 500
and the level of water. 600
STATION 3 MASS AND LENGTH
1 Tie rubber bands together in fives. STATION 3
2 Insert the rubber bands through the wooden Weight Length of
stick and hold. Measure the length of (g) stretched
rubber bands. rubber bands
3 Place a hook on the rubber bands and hang (cm)
300 g of pebbles or sand as shown in the picture. 300
4 Measure the length of stretched rubber bands. 500
5 Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the following weight 1 000
of pebbles or sand:
a 500 g b 1 000 g
6 Make a conclusion about the mass of weight
and the length of stretched rubber bands.
€€Prepare all the materials and apparatus needed for this activity in all
164 5.1.1 (i), (ii), (iii)
three stations. Scan the QR code to get the tables.
€€Guide pupils to make correct conclusion for each task.
 6 SPACE

LET’S FORM ANGLES

An angle is
Teacher, how do we formed when
form an angle? two lines meet.

Measure the value of an angle

from a straight line using a
protractor and mark the value.
Then, draw a line to form the angle.

50° ANGLE
1 Draw a straight line.
Mark two points as A and B.

2 Place the protractor’s baseline exactly on AB.

Ensure that the centre of the protractor is
exactly on point A.
Read the inner scale from 0° to 50°.
Mark and label it as C.

3 Remove the protractor.

Join points A and C.
Label the angle as 50° between
straight lines AC and AB.

€€Ask pupils to form other acute angles such as 20°, 45°, and 78°.
6.1.2
€€Select a few pupils to present their works respectively. 165
 90° ANGLE
1 Draw a straight line 2 F Place the baseline
of 6 cm long. and the centre
Mark two points. of the protractor
exactly on point
Label it as D and E.
E. Read the outer
D E scale from 0° to
D E 90°. Mark and
label it as F.

You are given a ruler and F

a pencil. Explain how you
can form a 90° angle. 3 Remove the protractor.
Draw a straight line from E
to F. Label the angle as 90° 90°
between straight lines EF
and ED. D E

108° ANGLE
1 Draw a straight line PQ.
R
P Q

2 Place the baseline and the

centre of the protractor
exactly on point Q. Read
the outer scale from 0° to
108°. Mark and label as R. P Q
R What is the type
of angle for 50°,
3 Remove the protractor. 90°, and 108°?
Draw a straight line from
Q to R. Label the angle as
108° between straight lines
108°
QR and QP.
P Q

€€Ask the pupils to do the activity in pairs to form other obtuse angles such as
166 6.1.2
100° and 165° angles and get them to check their work among themselves.
 TRY IT OUT
Tools/Materials
Alat/Bahan Geogebra software

Participants In pairs

Steps
Form angle ABC
1 Launch Geogebra software.
Click Geometry.
2 Click Point on Object.
3 Plot three points.
4 Click Segment. Click point A and join
with point B. Click point B and join
with point C.
5 Click Angle. Next, click points C, B,
and A. The value of angle ABC will
appear on the diagram.
6 Click Move. Click and hold, move point
A or B or C. See the changes in the
value of angle ABC.

FORM ANGLE
TUTORIAL

SCAN ME

LET’S DO IT
Using a ruler and a protractor, form the angles below.
a 10° b 25° c 40° d 68° e 87°
f 95° g 130° h 115° i 142° j 174°

€€Guide pupils to carry out the Try It Out activity in groups so that they can explore
6.1.2 various angle values up to 180°. 167
€€Scan the QR code to watch how to form angle ABC.
 DRAW AND MEASURE INTERIOR ANGLES
OF REGULAR POLYGONS
11 AUGU
ST 2022
This shape is drawn
on a dotted grid We measure the sides, teacher.
paper. What is the All sides must have equal length.
method to prove
that this is an We can measure the
equilateral triangle? angles too. Every angle
must be 60°.

Excellent answers!
We will learn to draw
regular polygons and
measure the interior
angles.

Think of other suitable

materials that can be used to Square grid paper
draw regular polygons and
measure each of the angles.
Dotted grid paper
Equilateral triangle grid paper

cm
inches

Protractor
Ruler

€€Discuss various materials and suitable methods to draw shapes of regular

168 polygons including the ones that have been learned such as tracing the 6.1.1
surfaces of 3D objects.
 EQUILATERAL
TRIANGLE
GRID PAPER
EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE Let’s use this equilateral
triangle grid paper to draw
an equilateral triangle.
SCAN ME

Method 1
1
C
2

s
nit
A 4 units B

4u
• Mark point A.
• Count 4 units on the triangle
A 4 units B
grid to the right and mark as
point B. • Count 4 units on the triangle
• Join points A and B. grid from point A upwards.
• Label it as 4 units. • Mark as point C. Join point A
3 C with point C.
• Label it as 4 units.
s

4u
nit

4
nit
4u

A 4 units B 60°
nits

4u
4u

• Join point B with point C.

nits

• Label it as 4 units.
60° 60°
A 4 units B
• Place the centre of the protractor on point A.
• Ensure that the baseline of the protractor
overlaps line AB.
• Read the value of the angle on line AC and
label it.
• Repeat to measure angles B and C.

€€Scan the QR code to print the materials. Ask pupils to draw equilateral triangles
6.1.1 with length of sides of 4 units, 5 units, and 7 units in their mathematics exercise 169
books and measure the angles.
€€Remind pupils to measure the angles correctly as learned in Year 5.
 Method 2

1 A
Draw a straight
I can draw an line of 4 cm long. cm
equilateral triangle Mark as point A. inches
using a blank paper
and a ruler.

2 Mark the centre of the line at 2 cm.

Draw a perpendicular line.

cm

inches
cm
inches
A

Measure 4 cm from inc B

he

cm
s

point A until it touches

the perpendicular line
and mark it as point B. A

4
B
Label C and join
points B and C.
Measure angles A, A
B, and C. C

€€Remind pupils about perpendicular lines.

170 6.1.1
 SQUARE

Let’s draw a square. It must

have four points of equal
distance.

1
D C

Mark points A, B, C,
and D at a distance of
5 units between one
another.
A B

2
D C

Join all the points.

Make sure that all sides
are of equal length.

A B

Explain other
methods to draw
3 squares as well
D C as to measure the
Measure the angles.
interior angles of
each angle. Label
90° the angles.

A B

€€Ask pupils to draw squares. Encourage pupils to draw in various ways

6.1.1 such as using a blank paper and a ruler. 171
 REGULAR PENTAGON
Let’s draw a regular pentagon. Each angle of the pentagon is 108°.

1 A 5 cm B
cm Draw a straight line of 5 cm
long. Label it as A and B at
inches
each end of the line.

2 Measure angle A, 108°.

Draw a long straight line.

inch

cm
es

A 5 cm B

A 5 cm B
3 Measure angle B, 108°.
Draw a long straight line.

es
cm
inch

A 5 cm B
A 5 cm B

4
E C
Measure 5 cm from B along the
inch

cm

5 cm straight line drawn and label it as C.

s e

Measure 5 cm from A along the

straight line drawn and label it as E.
A 5 cm B

172 6.1.1
 s
he
5 inc
cm

E C
E C
5 cm
5 cm
A 5 cm B
A 5 cm B
Measure angle C, 108°. Draw a long straight line.

6
D

E C E C
cm
s
he
inc
5 cm 5 cm

A 5 cm B A 5 cm B
Measure angle E, 108°. Draw a long straight line. Label it as D at the intersection
of line EC.
7 D
108°

E 108° 108° C

5 cm

108° 108°
A 5 cm B
Erase extended lines at points C, D, and E.
Label the angles and the length of the sides.

€€ Surf the Internet to get the shapes of regular pentagon and five-pointed star. Print
6.1.1 the shapes and give them to pupils. Ask pupils to draw regular pentagon using the 173
given shapes and measure the angles.
 T 4 units S
REGULAR HEXAGON
Method 1
Let’s draw a regular hexagon. 4 units 4 units
Remember, the six sides must be
of equal length!

U R
1 Count 4 units for the six
sides. Mark six points and
label them as P, Q, R, S, T,
and U. Join all the points.
4 units 4 units

P 4 units Q

2
T S
120°

Measure and label

U R every interior angle.

P Q

Method 2 Can a regular hexagon be

2 drawn on a square grid
Draw six equilateral paper? Discuss.
triangles that can 1 3
be joined to form a
hexagon.
6 4
5

€€Explore other methods to draw hexagon other than using the equilateral triangle
174 6.1.1
grid paper.
€€Discuss shapes of hexagon that can be found in daily life situations such as
honeycomb.
 REGULAR HEPTAGON
Method 1 1

I use a heptagon
shape from 2
MS Word software
and print it out.

Click Shapes and select

Heptagon from Basic Shapes.

Click Shift on the keyboard

3 and drag the mouse
to enlarge the size of a
regular heptagon.
Print out the shape.

Measure and label the

128.5° interior angles of the
regular heptagon.
Join the seven vertices
Method 2 of the star to draw
a regular heptagon
1 2 and measure every
interior angle.

128.5°
Get a picture of a
seven-pointed star.

€€Train pupils to draw a heptagon with suitable methods to obtain a regular

6.1.1 heptagon shape that has an angle of 128.5°. 175
 REGULAR OCTAGON

1 Draw a straight line of 4 cm long and

label it as A and B at each end of the
straight line.
Measure angle 135° at A and B.
Mark and draw a straight line
passing through the point.

2 Measure 4 cm from A and mark it as H.

Measure 4 cm from B and mark it as C.

3 Measure and mark 4 cm from C and H.

Label it as D and G.

4 Measure angle 135° at D and G.

Mark and draw a straight line passing
through the point.

€€Guide pupils to draw and measure lines correctly to form a correct

176 6.1.1
regular octagon.
 5 Measure and mark 4 cm from D and G. Label it as E and F.

6 Join E and F. Erase extended lines at points C, H, E, and F.

Label every angle of the regular octagon.

Charles and Raymond drew a regular polygon each. The

number of sides of the regular polygon drawn by Charles is
THINK 2 times the number of sides of the regular polygon drawn by
SMART Raymond. What are the shapes of regular polygon that
might be drawn by Raymond and Charles?

LET’S DO IT
Draw and measure the interior angles of the following regular polygons using
grid papers, ruler, protractor, and other suitable materials.
a Equilateral triangle b Square
c Regular hexagon d Regular pentagon
e Regular heptagon f Regular octagon

€€Ask pupils to draw regular polygons up to eight sides based on their creativity.
6.1.1 Get them to measure and label the interior angles. 177
 RECOGNISE CIRCLES
CENTRE OF A CIRCLE, DIAMETER, AND RADIUS

a Wow, these logos are beautiful,

teacher. Which logo will you Yes, Ikram. All of
choose for our robotics team? these logos were
designed from circles.

Tomorrow, you will learn all

about circles.

Teacher, what does a

b
circle have?
This red dot is the centre of the circle.
It is usually represented by the letter O.
The curved line that forms this circle is
called the circumference of a circle.

O
centre of
the circle
circumference
of the circle

€€Use various sizes of circle to stimulate pupils’ understanding about the centre
178 of circle and the circumference. 6.2.1
 c Ikram, based on the notes, which one is the
diameter? Which one is the radius?

Monday 29 August 2022

The centre of a circle is The diameter is a straight line that
the point located in the circumference connects two points on the circumference
middle of the circle. of the circle and passes through the centre of the circle.
O
The radius is a straight The circumference of a
circle is the closed curve
line that connects the
centre of that forms the boundary
centre of the circle with of the circle.
the circumference. the circle

The red line is the diameter.

The yellow line is the radius.

d circumference of
The length of the radius the circle
from the centre of the circle
is always equal.
centre of Can you relate radius
diam the circle with diameter? Explain.
eter
O

s
adiu
r

€€Inform pupils that the length of all radii in a circle is equal.

6.2.1 €€Guide pupils to relate radius with diameter. 179
 MODIFIED
RULER

LET’S DRAW CIRCLES Scan the QR code. Print the ruler and
Method 1 laminate it. Then, make a hole at every
1 cm and at every 0.5 cm. SCAN ME

Let’s draw a circle of

4 cm radius using the
modified ruler.

Remember! Do not
move the pencil
point at 0 cm.

1 Use two pencils. Place one

pencil point at the 0 cm hole
(centre of the circle) and
another one at the 4 cm hole
(4 cm radius). 2 Move the pencil at the 4 cm hole to
complete one round clockwise or
anticlockwise.

3 Mark the centre of the circle and

label it. Draw a radius and label it.

€€Prepare the modified ruler for each pupil.

180 6.2.2
€€Train pupils to draw circles with various radius measurements neatly.
 Method 2
There are many
surfaces of round-shaped
objects that can be traced
to draw circles.

1 Draw a circle using the

2 Cut out the circle.
circumference of a medicine cup.

3 Fold the circle into four parts 4 Unfold it. Observe the folded
of equal size. intersection in the middle.

5 Mark the centre of the circle.

Then, label the centre of diameter
the circle and the diameter.
O

€€Ask pupils to bring any round-shaped containers for the circle drawing activity.
6.2.2 €€Carry out the activity in small groups. 181
 Draw another circle with a radius of one-third
THINK 12 cm
of the radius shown in the circle on the left.
SMART Label all the characteristics of the circle.

LET’S DO IT
1 Fill in the boxes based on the labels on the circle.
T

P
O
O PQ
Q OT

2 Complete the sentences below.

a The of a circle is the point located in the of the circle.
b The circumference of a is the that forms the boundary
of a .
c The is a straight line that connects the of a circle with
the circumference.
d The diameter is a that connects on the circumference
that passes through the centre of the circle.
3 Draw the circles based on the given information.
a b c
My radius is My radius is My radius is
3 cm. 5 cm. 8 cm.
4 Draw a circle based on the information below and label it.
O is the centre of the circle.
O H is the radius of the circle. The length of O H is 3.5 cm.
PT is the diameter of the circle. The length of PT is 7 cm.

€€Guide and check pupils' work to ensure that they answer correctly.
182 6.2.1, 6.2.2
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 Father plans to build a table in the garden.
The surface of the table is a regular
hexagon and will be placed in
an area measuring 2 m long and 2 m wide.
What is the plan for a suitable size of
the table?

Solution

Understand the problem Plan the strategy

• The surface of the table is a • Draw a regular hexagon that
regular hexagon. does not exceed the length
• The area is measured as 2 m × 2 m. and width of 2 m.
• What is the plan for a suitable size • Must have space for chairs
of the table? around the table.

Solve Check
2m
Regular hexagon table surface:
• it has six sides and vertices 
chair
• all sides are of equal length 
• size does not exceed 2 m × 2 m 

table surface
• consider space for the chairs 
2m

Discuss other surface shapes

of regular polygons, which are
suitable to make a table.

€€In groups, ask pupils to draw plans for other regular polygons such as
6.3.1 pentagon, heptagon, and octagon. 183
€€Ask each group to present their work.
 2 Zahid’s sister wants to bake a cake. She needs a
sheet of paper to be used as cake mould parchment
as shown in the picture. What is the method to make 10 cm
the parchment?

Solution

Given • Circle-shaped cake mould.

• The cake mould radius is 10 cm.
Asked for The method to make a circle-shaped parchment.

Solve

Simulate forming a
circle. The radius of
the circle is 10 cm.

2
• Using a modified ruler, place a
1 Fold paper into four parts. pencil at 0 cm. Place another pencil
at 10 cm.
• Move the pencil at 10 cm to form a
curved line.

4
Open the folds
to see the
result of the
parchment.
3 Cut the paper using scissors
along the curved line.

€€Vary length of radius and ask each pupil to simulate forming a circle
184 6.3.1
like the method above.
 LET’S DO IT
1 Chee Cheong wants to make a circle from a piece of
plank measuring 25 cm long and 25 cm wide. The
radius of the circle is 8 cm. Help Chee Cheong to 25 cm
draw the circle. 25 cm
2 A group of pupils were asked to design an area for
resting. The area is of a regular octagon with the length of 5 m on each side.
Draw the plan of the area.
3 Anding wants to make a photo frame of six equal sides. The perimeter of the
photo frame is 120 cm. What is the length of each side of the photo frame?
4 Mr Awang wants to make a circle in the middle of a field. The radius of the
circle is 0.3 m. Explain how Mr Awang will draw the circle.

LET’S PRACTISE
1 Based on the information below, draw and label the interior angles for each
regular polygon.
a It has three sides of equal length. The length of each side is 5 cm.
b Each interior angle of a polygon is 135°. The length of each side is 3 cm.
c Each of the five sides measures 6.5 cm. All the interior angles are 108°.
2 Draw a regular polygon of four sides. Each side measures 5.3 cm. Label its
interior angles.
3 Using writing utensils and a protractor, draw the following angles.
a 40° b 65° c 89° d 125° e 160° f 173°
4 A circle consists of , , , and .
5 Draw circles based on the information given.
a radius of 4 cm b radius of 4.7 cm c radius of 5.2 cm

6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.2.1,

6.2.2, 6.3.1 185
 6 Solve the following problems.
a Mr Gopal is arranging bricks at his garden as a border for his regular
pentagon-shaped mini flower garden. The length of one side of the
regular pentagon’s border is 5 m. Sketch the shape.
b Halina’s father plans to build a circle-shaped swimming pool.
The radius of the swimming pool is 3 m.
i Draw the plan of the swimming pool.
ii Give a suggestion about the measurement of the pool area.
c Mei Hwa’s mother wants to buy cake boards. She received many online orders
of cakes with the size of 25 cm × 25 cm. What is the suitable measurement of the
cake board she should buy? Why?

LET'S EXPLORE
Tools/Materials A4 papers, grid papers, coloured
papers, glue, water paint, crayons,
coloured pencils, scissors, pencils,
rulers, and protractors.
Participants 4 pupils in a group.

Task

1 Design a geometrical pattern from any regular

polygons up to eight sides and a circle.
2 Use the Cut-and-Paste technique or the
colouring technique.
3 Present the work.
4 Each group chooses and proposes three
types of geometrical patterns that are most
interesting.
5 Three selected patterns will be announced
as winners.

186 6.1.1, 6.2.2, 6.3.1

 COORDINATES, RATIO,
7 AND PROPORTION

DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO COORDINATES

1 The Cartesian plane shows the location of Farid’s home and nearby places.
N y 1 cm
The distance for
each grid on the 6 RESTORAN

1 cm
Cartesian plane is
1 cm. 1 cm scale 5 RESTORAN

represents 1 km of Fish pond

the actual scale. 4 RESTORAN

RESTORAN

Tourist spot

3 RESTORAN
RESTORAN

Restaurant
RESTORAN

Hotel
2
Fishing village

1 Scale
1 cm represents 1 km
Farid’s house Mosque
x
O 1 2 3 4 5 6

a What is the horizontal distance of the mosque from Farid’s house in km?

5 km
Mosque
Farid’s 5 cm represents 5 km
house of the actual distance.
0 1 2 3 4 5 cm

The horizontal distance of the mosque from Farid’s house is 5 km .

b The actual vertical distance of the hotel from Farid’s house is 2 km .
c The horizontal distance of the fishing village from Farid’s house, in km, €
is 5 km . Meanwhile, the vertical distance is 2 km .
d The actual distance of the tourist spot from Farid’s house is horizontally
and vertically.
State, in km, the horizontal distance and vertical distance €
of the restaurant from the fishing village.

€€Recall the horizontal distance and vertical distance of a point from the origin €
7.1.1
on the first quadrant of the Cartesian plane. 187
€€Discuss the horizontal distance and vertical distance of other locations on the
Cartesian plane based on scale given.
 2 The Cartesian plane shows the location of € 1 unit on the Cartesian plane
HOSPITAL
residential A, B, C, D, hospital, and petrol station. represents 100 000 units of the
y
HOSPITAL
N
actual distance. Thus, 1 cm on
1 cm the Cartesian plane represents
6 HOSPITAL
100 000 cm or 1 000 m or €

1 cm
Residential B
Residential D 1 km of the actual distance.
5 Residential A
HOSPITAL

4
HOSPITAL

3 4 cm 100 cm = 1 m
HOSPITAL 100 000 cm = 1 000 m
2 Petrol station = 1 km

1
Residential C 5 cm Hospital
Scale€
x 1 : 100 000
O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
What is the actual horizontal distance and vertical distance, €
of Residential A from Residential C?
Distance from origin
Residential
Horizontal distance Vertical distance
C 100 000 cm = 1 km 100 000 cm = 1 km
A 600 000 cm = 6 km 500 000 cm = 5 km

6 km 5 km
– 1 km – 1 km
the difference of the difference of €
horizontal distance 5 km 4 km
vertical distance

The actual distance of Residential A from Residential C is 5 km horizontally €

and 4 km vertically .
Find the horizontal distance and vertical distance,
in km, of the hospital from Residential D.

By using the scale of 1 : 100 000, find the horizontal

distance of P from Q on the Cartesian plane if the
THINK actual horizontal distance of P from Q is 7 000 m.
SMART
€€ Explain that 100 000 cm is equal to 1 km.
188 7.1.1
€€ Explain that the scale on the Cartesian plane is used to represent the actual distance.
€€ Discuss the horizontal distance and vertical distance of two different locations on the
Cartesian plane.
 3 The Cartesian plane shows the location of Khairil’s house, bus station, €
taxi station, MRT station, and airport.

N y
5
Taxi station
4
Khairil’s Airport
house
3

2
Bus station

1 Scale
MRT station 0 1 2 3 4 5 km
x
O 1 2 3 4 5
Refer to the scale, €
4 units equals 4 km.
a What is the horizontal distance, in km, from Khairil’s
house to the airport?

Coordinate of Khairil’s house Coordinate of the airport

(1, 4) (5, 4)

Horizontal distance = 5 units – 1 unit

= 4 units

The horizontal distance from Khairil’s house to the airport is 4 km .

b What is the horizontal distance and vertical distance, in km, from
Khairil’s house to the bus station?
Coordinate of Khairil’s house (1, 4) Coordinate of the bus station (4, 2)

Horizontal distance Vertical distance State the horizontal distance

= 4 units – 1 unit = 4 units – 2 units and vertical distance, in km,
= 3 units = 2 units from the taxi station to the
MRT station.
The distance from Khairil’s house to the bus station €
is 3 km horizontally and 2 km vertically .

€€Carry out a suitable activity to determine the horizontal distance and vertical
7.1.1 distance according to scale given. For instance, pupils’ seating arrangement € 189
in class.
 LET’S DO IT
1 The Cartesian plane shows the location of Feng and his three friends’ houses.
N y a State, in km, the horizontal distance
1 cm
5 of Salim’s house from Feng’s house.

1 cm
Shalini’s house
b State, in km, the vertical distance of
4 Shalini’s house from Feng’s house.
c State the actual horizontal distance
3 and vertical distance of Jack’s house
Jack’s house from Feng’s house.
2
Salim’s house
1
Feng’s house Scale
x 1 cm represents 1 km
O 1 2 3 4 5

2 The Cartesian plane shows the y

N
location of four islands. 1 cm
5

1 cm
a Find the actual horizontal distance
and vertical distance of: 4
i Riang Island from Rajin Island. Seronok Island Rajin Island

ii Seronok Island from Baik Island. 3
b State the island which is located €
at a distance of 3 km horizontally 2
Riang Island
and 2 km vertically from Baik Island.
1
Scale Baik Island
1 : 100 000 x
O 1 2 3 4 5
N
y
3 5 The Cartesian plane shows the rest area T
Rest area T
4 and town H along a highway.
3 State the horizontal distance and vertical
distance of rest area T from town H in km.
2
Town H
1 Scale
0 1 2 3 4 5 km
x
O 1 2 3 4 5

€€Prepare a Cartesian plane for a student-centred activity for pupils to mark the
190 7.1.1
nearby areas to their respective houses and find the actual horizontal distance
and vertical distance based on the chosen scale.
 RATIO BETWEEN TWO QUANTITIES
1 The picture shows pupils’ activities in the science laboratory.
Rina and I will
prepare the
experiment report.

TIPS Ratio is the comparison of

size or value of an object to
Alright. We will
carry out the the size or value of another
experiment. object in the simplest form.

What is the ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls?

Step 1

boys girls

The ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls is 2 : 2.

Step 2 2 pupils represent €
1 group. There is €
boys girls 1 boys’ group and €
1 girls’ group.

1 group 1 group

2 : 2 written in the simplest form is 1 : 1.

The ratio of the number of boys to the number of
girls is 1 : 1 . State the ratio of 5 : 5 €
in the simplest form.

€€Enhance pupils’ understanding on the concept of ratio between two quantities

7.2.1 191
by forming groups to simplify the ratio between two quantities.
€€Emphasise how to say the correct ratio. For example, the ratio of €
one to one.
 2

State the ratio of the number of mangoes to the number of mangosteens.

Method 1
Step 1 Step 2 Group in twos
There are 3 groups of mangoes.
There are 2 groups of mangosteens.

The ratio of the number of The ratio of the number of

mangoes to the number of mangoes to the number of
mangosteens is 6 : 4. mangosteens is 3 : 2.

6 and 4 can be Method 2

divided by 2 without
any remainder. 6:4
÷2 ÷2
3:2
6 : 4 written in the simplest form is 3 : 2.
The ratio of the number of mangoes to the number of mangosteens is 3 : 2 .

3 THURSDAY 15 SEPTEMBER 2022

State the ratio of 3 to 9 in the simplest form.
Adam Safiya
:
3 9 Whose answer is
3:9 correct? Discuss.
1:4 1:3

The ratio The ratio

of 1 to 4. of 1 to 3.

€€Explain that simplifying ratio is the same as simplifying fraction.

192 €€Emphasise that the value of ratio does not change even though it is simplified. 7.2.1
 4 State the ratio of 12 : 18 in the simplest form.
Method 1
12 units 18 units

Group in
twos.

6 groups 9 groups
Group in 12 : 18 is simplified to 6 : 9.
threes.

2 groups 3 groups
6 : 9 is simplified to 2 : 3.

Method 2 Method 3
12 : 18 12 : 18
Divide 12 and 18
÷2 ÷2 by 2. ÷6 ÷6
6:9 2:3
Divide 6 and 9
÷3 ÷3
by 3.
2:3 Which method would
you choose? Why?

The ratio of 12 : 18 in the simplest form is 2 : 3 .

€€Carry out a simulation by grouping objects in twos, threes, and sixes €

7.2.1 to simplify the ratio between two quantities. 193
 5 Ravi bought 2 kg of chicken and 4 000 g of mutton. €
State the ratio of the mass of chicken to the total mass
of chicken and mutton bought by Ravi.
mass of chicken total mass
2 kg 2 kg + 4 000 g = 2 kg + 4 kg
= 6 kg
2:6
Convert the unit before
÷2 ÷2 finding the ratio.

The ratio of the mass of chicken to the total mass of chicken

and mutton is : .

6 The picture shows the price of a T-shirt and a long-sleeved shirt.

T-shirt Long-sleeved shirt

RM24 RM36
State the ratio of the total price of a T-shirt and a long-sleeved shirt to the
price of a T-shirt. 24 and 60 can be
divided by 12 without
total price total price T-shirt price any remainder.
1 60 : 24
RM 2 4 ÷ ÷
+ RM 3 6
RM 6 0 :

The ratio of the total price of a T-shirt and a long-sleeved shirt to the
price of a T-shirt is : .

€€Vary ratio questions involving daily life situations such as the ratio of usage €
194 7.2.1
of petrol in a day to the usage in a week.
THINK
SMART

Observe the flash cards above. Which animal group gives the ratio of 2 : 3 when
compared to the total of two animal groups?

TRY IT OUT
Pair work activity.
Build a suitable chart or a mind map to state ratio in the simplest form.
EXAMPLE

RATIO

MONEY VOLUME OF MASS LENGTH

LIQUID

State the ratio of State the ratio of € State the ratio of € State the ratio of €
RM10 to RM50. 6 to 8 000 m. 3 000 g to 9 kg. 4 m to 600 cm.

€€Prepare sufficient sample questions to help pupils build a chart, mind map, €
7.2.1 or mobiles for the Try It Out activity. 195
€€Exhibit pupils’ work or organise a contest.
 LET’S DO IT
1 Jamilah prepares sandwiches, pies, and tarts for her children.

sandwiches pies tarts

State the ratio of:
a the number of sandwiches to the number of pies.
b the number of pies to the total number of tarts and pies.
c the total number of tarts and sandwiches to the number of tarts.
2 The picture shows the volume of watermelon juice in containers R and T.

600 m 400 m

R T
State the ratio of the volume of watermelon juice in container R to the
volume of watermelon juice in container T.
3 The table shows the mass of seafood ordered by Rachel’s family.
Seafood Fish Crab Squid
Mass 2 kg 1 500 g 500 g
State the ratio of:
a the mass of crab to the mass of squid.
b the mass of fish to the total mass of fish and crab.
c the total mass of squid and fish to the mass of squid.
4 State the ratio of 20 sen to RM1 in the simplest form.
5 State the ratio of:
a the distance of EF to the
2 km 8 000 m G distance of FG.
E b the distance of EF to the
F distance of EG.
c the distance of EG to the
distance of FG.

196 7.2.1
 DETERMINE THE PROPORTIONATE QUANTITY
1
We will choose 3 boys and a few
girls for the storytelling session.
The ratio of the total
number of boys to the
total number of girls that
will be chosen is 1 : 2.

How many girls will be chosen?

Use a model.
Method 1 Method 2
3 pupils
boys girls
boys 1:2
×3 ×3
3:
girls
The number of girls
=2×3
1 part 3 pupils =6
2 parts 2 × 3 pupils = 6 pupils

The number of girls that will be chosen is 6 .

The number of female teachers is 12. The ratio of the

number of male teachers to the number of female
teachers is 1 : 3. Calculate the number of male teachers.

€€Guide pupils to use model to represent ratio.

7.3.1 €€Guide pupils to find the value of a unit first. Recall the unitary method. 197
 2 Name Zikri Wong Sudhar
Number of
12
comics read

The ratio of the number of comics read by Zikri to the

number of comics read by Wong is 3 : 2. Calculate the
number of comics read by Wong.

Method 1 Method 2
12
Zikri Wong
3:2
Zikri
×4 ×4
12 :
Wong Find for one €
unit first. Number of comics €
read by Wong
3 parts 12 comics 2 × 4 comics = 8 comics
1 part 12 ÷ 3 = 4 comics
2 parts 2 × 4 comics = 8 comics

The number of comics read by Wong is 8  .

The ratio of the number of comics read by Zikri to the

number of comics read by Sudhar is 4 : 3. Calculate the
number of comics read by Sudhar.

SPORTS HOUSE SCORE

The ratio of the score of blue sports BLUE 160
THINK house to the score of green sports GREEN
SMART house is 5 : 3. Calculate the score of
green sports house.

198 7.3.1
 3 The picture shows the mass of two durians.

The ratio of the mass of the small durian

to the mass of the big durian is 1 : 3.
Find:
a the mass of the small durian.
b the mass of the big durian.

Method 1 the mass of €

the small durian the mass of the big durian

8 kg
a 4 parts 8 kg b 1 part 2 kg
1 part 8 kg ÷ 4 = 2 kg 3 parts 3 × 2 kg = 6 kg

Method 2 Create a table €

and solve.
Durian Small Big Small and big
Part 1 3 4
Mass 8 kg

a 1:4 b 3:4
×2 ×2 ×2 ×2
2:8 6:8
2 kg of small durian 6 kg of big durian

The mass of the small durian is 2 kg  . The mass of the big durian is 6 kg  .

€€Vary questions which involve daily life situations such as length of an object,
7.3.1 pupils’ height, pupils’ body mass, and volume of liquid. 199
 LET’S DO IT
1 Complete the following ratio in the simplest form.
a 10 : 10 b 8 : 12 c 16 : 30
÷ ÷ ÷4 ÷ ÷ ÷
1 : : : 15

2 State the ratio in the simplest form.

a 4 : 14 b 5 : 20 c 8 : 24 d 18 : 81 e 32 : 28
f A B A:B g A B A:B h A B B:A
6 kg 30 kg 4 12 16 km 28 km

3 The ratio of Rusdi’s score to Anushia’s score is 2 : 7. Player Score

Rusdi’s score is 8. Calculate Anushia’s score. Rusdi 8
Anushia

4 The table shows the number of red tokens in a box. The number of green and blue
tokens is not shown.
Token Red Green Blue
Number 60
a The ratio of the number of red tokens to the number of green tokens is 5 : 4.
Calculate the number of green tokens.
b The ratio of the number of red tokens to the number of blue tokens is 3 : 2.
Calculate the number of blue tokens.
5 The ratio of Roslinda’s savings to Sherin’s savings is 3 : 8. The total of their savings
is RM66. Calculate the savings of:
a Roslinda. b Sherin.

6 The diagram shows a right-angled triangle and a square.

8 cm 10 cm

6 cm
The ratio of the perimeter of the right-angled triangle to the perimeter of the
square is 3 : 4. Calculate the perimeter of the square.

€€Surf https://bit.ly/3B8HeMQ to check the answers.

200 7.3.1
 y
SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
6
Adnani
1 The picture shows the position
5
of Miss Norehan and her Miss
pupils during an online class. € Norehan
4
Miss Norehan interacts with Kaswini
Kaswini during the learning 3
session. State the horizontal Amsyar
distance and vertical distance, 2
in km, of Kaswini from € Chi Min
Miss Norehan. 1 Scale
1 cm Azah
1 cm represents
O
x 1 km
1 2 3 4 5
Solution 1 cm

Understand the problem

• Scale of 1 cm represents 1 km. Plan the strategy
• Find the distance of Kaswini
from Miss Norehan. Mark the horizontal distance and
vertical distance on the Cartesian
Solve plane.
y
Check
6 3 km
Miss Norehan’s coordinate ( 2 ,  5 )
5 Kaswini’s coordinate ( 5 ,  4 )
Miss 1 km
4 Norehan
Kaswini
3 Horizontal distance = 5 km – 2 km
2
= 3 km
1 Vertical distance = 5 km – 4 km
x = 1 km
O 1 2 3 4 5
Horizontal distance = 3 km The distance of Kaswini from Miss Norehan is €
Vertical distance = 1 km 3 km horizontally and 1 km vertically.

Who is located 1 km horizontally

and 3 km vertically from €
Miss Norehan?

€€Guide pupils to solve the problems using drawing method on the €

7.4.1 Cartesian plane. 201
€€Get pupils to locate who is the farthest from Miss Norehan.
€€Emphasise the use of scale to determine distance.
 2 There are 15 boys and 18 girls in 6 Meteor. 1 boy and 2 girls have
transferred to other schools. Calculate the ratio of the current number €
of boys to the current number of girls.

Solution

Pupils Boys Girls

Initial number 15 18
Number of pupils' transferred 1 2
Current number 14 16

The ratio of the current number of boys to the current €

number of girls is 14 : 16.

14 pupils 16 pupils
Group in
twos.

7 groups 8 groups
14 : 16 is simplified as 7 : 8.

Check 7:8
Calculate the ratio of the current
×2 ×2 number of boys to the total current
number of boys and girls.
14 : 16

The ratio of the current number of boys to the

current number of girls is 7 : 8.

€€Guide pupils using representations to express the ratio between two quantities.
202 7.4.1
 3 Encik Kamarul drove from his house to town P and then from town P to
town Q. The distance from his house to town Q through town P is 45 km.
The ratio of the distance from his house to town P to the distance from €
town P to town Q is 4 : 5. What is the distance from town P to town Q?

Solution

Distance from
house to town P.
Distance from
45 km
town P to town Q.
9 parts 45 km
1 part 45 km ÷ 9 = 5 km
5 parts 5 × 5 km = 25 km

Check
Location House to town P Town P to town Q House to town Q
Part 4 5 9
Distance 45 km

5:9
×5 ×5
25 : 45

Distance from town P to town Q is 25 km.

Calculate the ratio of the distance from Encik Kamarul’s house
to town P, to the distance from Encik Kamarul’s house €
to town Q through town P.

The ratio of Mark’s money to Faizal’s money is 6 : 1. €

The total of their money is RM56. Mark gave half of €
THINK his money to Faizal. Calculate the ratio of Mark’s €
SMART current money to Faizal’s current money.

€€Create questions similar to the question in Think Smart to enhance

7.4.1 pupils’ thinking skills. 203
 LET’S DO IT
1 The Cartesian plane shows the location of four villages, A, B, C, and D.
N y Encik Lim lives in a village which has €
1 cm
6 an equal horizontal and vertical
Village A
1 cm distance from village D.
5 a Calculate the horizontal distance
and vertical distance, in km, of
4 village B from village A.
3 b Calculate the horizontal distance
Village D and vertical distance, in km, of €
2 Encik Lim’s village from village D.
Village B State Encik Lim’s village.
1
Village C
Scale
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 km
O 1 2 3 4 5

2 There are 44 green marbles and 8 red marbles in a box. Rakesh takes out €
8 green marbles and adds another 4 red marbles into the box. Calculate €
the ratio of the current number of green marbles to the current number of €
red marbles in the box.
3 Rozi buys a purple ribbon and a yellow ribbon. The ratio of the length of the
purple ribbon to the length of the yellow ribbon is 2 : 9. The length of the yellow
ribbon is 630 cm. What is the length, in cm, of the purple ribbon?
4 There are 60 scouts and Malaysian Red Crescent members participating in
the district level anti-drug campaign. The ratio of the number of scouts to the
number of the Malaysian Red Crescent members is 7 : 5. Calculate the number
of scouts who participated in the campaign.
5 The picture shows the volume of lime juice in jug J
and glass K. The ratio of the volume of lime juice in
jug J to the volume of lime juice in glass K is 7 : 2. €
The volume of lime juice in jug J is 400 mmore
than the volume of lime juice in glass K. Calculate
the volume, in m, of lime juice in glass K. J
K

€€Vary questions involving measurement to enhance pupils’ understanding.

204 7.4.1
 LET’S PRACTISE
1 y The Cartesian plane shows the location of three mini
6 markets owned by Encik Rosham. State, in km, the
E horizontal distance and vertical distance of:
5
a mini market F from mini market G.
4
F
3 b mini market E from mini market F.
2 c mini market E from mini market G.
1 G
1 cm
O 1 2 3 4 5 6
x Scale
1 cm represents 1 km
1 cm
2 State the following ratio in the simplest form.
a 3 : 15 b 9 : 54 c 6 : 14 d 24 : 4 e 64 : 72
3 a The ratio of P : Q is 3 : 7. Find the value of P if Q is 35.
b  The ratio of the length of RS to the
42 cm
length of ST is 1 : 5. Calculate the
R S T length of:
4 Solve the following problems.  i RS.  ii ST.
a
y The Cartesian plane shows two historical locations
6 on an island. Rizal is visiting historical site R. He
5 wants to visit historical site T from historical site R.
T
4 State the actual horizontal distance and vertical
3 distance of historical site T from historical site R.
R
2
1 Scale
0 1 2 3 4 5 km
x
O 1 2 3 4 5 6
b Isaac is 13 years old, and his brother is 5 years old. State the ratio of
Isaac’s age to his brother’s age after 7 years.
c Martin has RM90. The ratio of the amount of money spent on food to €
taxi fare is 2 : 3. How much does he spend on food?
d The ratio of the number of Thai tourists to the number of Korean tourists is
4 : 9. The total number of tourists from both countries is 104. What is the
difference between the number of tourists from Thailand and Korea?

7.1.1, 7.2.1 €€Use different scale for question 1 as an additional activity. €

7.3.1, 7.4.1 For instance: 0 1 2 3 4 5 km 205
 LET'S EXPLORE
Answer the following questions. Fill each of the box below with a letter which
represents the answer based on the question number to get the secret code.
1 State the ratio of 36 to 20 in the simplest form. Answer balloons

2 y 2:1
The Cartesian plane shows the location 9:5
5 of town V and village W. The distance T
Village W E
4 of town V from village W is €
3 s horizontally and t vertically. Find €
2 the value of s and t.
1 9 RM20
Scale
O
Town V x 0 1 2 3 4 5 km Y N
1 2 3 4 5

3 The ratio of value A to value B is 8 : 3. The value of A is 24. €

Find the value of B.
s = 3 km
4 Kasim and Jamil share their money to buy a shirt which t = 4 km RM28
costs RM48. The ratio of Kasim’s money to Jamil’s money R
is 5 : 7. How much money does Kasim spend? L
5 In a recipe, the ratio of the number of tablespoons of salt €
to the number of tablespoons of black pepper is 2 : 3. €
The mass of salt used is 10 g. What is the mass, in g, € 25 g
15 g
of the black pepper? U
O
6 Simplify the ratio of 8 : 14.
7 State the ratio of RM25 to RM40 in the simplest form.
Question 8 until 10 is based on the diagram below. 5:8 3:2
V L
8 State the ratio of the number of to the number of .
9 State the ratio of the number of to the total number of
shapes. 1:3 s = 3 cm
10 State the ratio of the total number of shapes to the number A
t = 4 cm
of . M

10 5 7 1 2 3 4:7
SECRET I
CODE 4 9 8 6 5 4

7.1.1, 7.2.1,
206 7.3.1, 7.4.1
 DATA HANDLING AND
8 LIKELIHOOD

COMPLETE PIE CHART AND INTERPRET DATA

1

Have a look and relate the two diagrams

1
with the pie chart. 8 and 45° represent
flower and plant stamps. Let’s try to explain.

TUESDAY STAMP COLLECTION 11 OCTOBER 2022

Insect 1
20 2 180°

Bird Flower 1 1 90° 45°

4 1 8
10 45°
5 8
Plant

1 has a value of 180° angle and

2
also represents 20 insect stamps.

Bird stamps are

1
represented by 4 or 90°.

State the number of flower stamps.

Give reasons.

€€Guide pupils to relate the fractions with angles to represent data in a pie chart.
8.1.1
207
 Colours of the Marbles
2 Colour Number of marbles
Red 8
Blue 2 180°
Green 4 45°
90°
Yellow 2 45°

Present the data of the number of marbles in pie chart based on €

the values of angles given.
The total number Colour Number of Fractions
of marbles is 16. € marbles
16 marbles 8 1
represent a circle. Red 8 =
16 2
2 1
Blue 2 =
16 8
4 1
Green 4 =
16 4
2 1
Yellow 2 =
16 8
16
Divide the circle into € Total 16 =1
16
8 equal parts. Find the
number of marbles for
one part.
Colours of the Marbles

Red
2 2
8
180° 180°
16 ÷ 8 = 2 2 2
90° 45° 90° 45°
2 2 Blue
45° Green 45° 2
2 2 4 Yellow
2
a The fraction of red marbles is and is represented by 180°.
b The fraction of blue marbles is and is represented by .
c The fraction of green marbles is and is represented by .
d The mode is with the highest number of marbles, which is .

€€Recall the meaning of mode. Encourage pupils to interpret data regarding

208 8.1.1
range, median, and mean based on the suitable data of the pie chart.
 3 The incomplete pie chart and table show the data of 24 pupils’
favourite doughnut flavours.
Favourite Doughnut Flavours
Flavour Number of doughnuts
45° Chocolate
Strawberry 12
Strawberry
90° Vanilla 6
Vanilla
Peanut

a Complete the pie chart.

24 pupils represent a circle.

Favourite Doughnut Flavours

The parts that
3 Peanut
represent chocolate
45° 3 and peanut doughnuts 3 Chocolate
180° 45° have equal values of Strawberry€45°
12 45° 3
angles. 45° is half of
12 90°
90°or 6 doughnuts. 180° 90°
6 Vanilla€
Half of 6 doughnuts is 6
3 doughnuts.

b Complete the sentences below based on the pie chart.

i 45° represents peanut doughnuts and the number is .
ii 90° represents doughnuts and the number is .
iii Peanut and doughnuts are represented by angle
because their numbers are equal.
iv The number of most favourite doughnuts is and €
is represented by angle.
v The number of pupils who like doughnuts is half of the
number of pupils who like doughnuts.

€€Prepare a circle of 45°, 90° and 180° angles to carry out an activity to
8.1.1 209
complete pie chart and interpret data.
 4 Sport Number Values of
of pupils angles
Hockey 5 45°
Football 20
Badminton 10
Table Tennis 5 45°

FAVOURITE FAVOURITE
SPORTS SPORTS

Table
Football Alex Tennis Hockey Aliza
20 5 5
45° 45°
180°
90°
Table 45° 45° Football
90° Hockey 20 180°
Tennis
5 5 Badminton
Badminton
10 10

Who completes the pie chart correctly?

Write three information based on the correct pie chart.

Mathematics Test
Achievement Grades
THINK
SMART A
22 pupils
The pie chart shows the number of pupils 90°
who scored grades A, B, C, and D in a B 180° 45°
mathematics test. What is the total number 45° D
of pupils who sat for the test? Explain. C

€€Remind pupils that the largest part of the pie chart represents the largest
210 value of angle and the most number of data. 8.1.1
 TRY IT OUT PIE CHART
CARDS AND
DATA CARDS
Tools/Materials Pie chart cards and data cards.
Participants 2 pupils in a group.
SCAN ME
Task
1 Each group picks a pie chart card and a data card.

Favourite Fruits
Fruit Number of fruits
Apple 8
Kiwi 16
Mangosteen 8
Orange 32

2 Complete the data and values 3 Write three information based on

of angles in the pie chart card. the pie chart created.

Favourite Fruits Information based on the

pie chart
1. The most favourite
Orange
32 fruit is orange.
2. The difference
Apple between the number
8 Kiwi
16
of mangosteen and
Mangosteen
8 kiwi is 8.
3. The fraction of apple
from the total number
of fruits is 1 .
8

4 Present your work.

€€Scan the QR code to print the pie chart cards and data cards to carry out
8.1.1 211
the Try It Out activity.
 LET’S DO IT
1 Complete the pie chart by labelling the information based on the table.
Vertebrate Animals
Vertebrate animal Number of animals
Reptiles 6
45° 180° Mammals 12
90°
45° Birds 24
Fish 6

2 The Number of
Athletes from
Four Schools a Complete the number of athletes in the pie chart
if the number of athletes from school P is €
R 3 athletes.
Q
45° b State the number of athletes from schools Q,
90° R, and S.
45° 180° c State the value of angle represented by the
P
least number of athletes.
S
d Calculate the difference between the number
of athletes of schools S and P.

3 The table shows the favourite food of 64 children.

Favourite Food
Number of
Favourite food
children
Nasi lemak 32
Fried noodles 8
Fried rice 16
Lontong 8
a Complete the pie chart. b Write three information based on the pie chart.

€€Use various questions involving different situations such as favourite cakes

212 8.1.1
and pupils’ ambitions.
 LIKELIHOOD

1 Zakri, please read your event card. €

Can you state whether the event is
likely or unlikely to occur?

WEDNESDAY LIKELIHOOD 26 OCTOBER 2022

• possibility of an event to occur
• an event is likely to occur A sea turtle climbs
• an event is unlikely to occur a tree. This event
• there are five likelihood of an event is unlikely to
unlikely to occur, teacher.
likely to occur
occur

impossible less equally more certain

likely likely likely

Hahaha… it is impossible for a

sea turtle to climb a tree, teacher!

A sea turtle climbs a tree is an unlikely event

to occur. The likelihood for a sea turtle €
to climb a tree is impossible because €
a sea turtle is unable to climb a tree.

8.2.1 €€Explain to pupils that an event is something that will definitely occur and
8.2.2 likelihood is an event which is likely or unlikely to occur. 213
 2 a Dark green colour is likely to
occur if you use more volume
I need dark €
of blue colour.
green colour.

Alright, teacher. I will mix

more blue colour €
compared to yellow.

Event Reason
Dark green colour will
a likely Green colour is produced
be produced if more
event to by the mixture of blue and
blue colour is added
occur yellow colour.
compared to yellow.

Event Reason
b
A duckling will hatch an
unlikely A chick will hatch from a
from a chicken’s chicken’s egg.
egg. event to
occur

Give another example of

events as a and b and
state the reasons.

€€Stimulate pupils’ thinking to determine a likely or unlikely event to occur by

214 8.2.1
providing a few examples of events. Ask pupils to give the reasons.
 The shoot of the plant is likely to
3 grow out from one of these holes €
to get sunlight.

That’s right, Chua. The plant

is also unlikely to survive
without being watered.

Will the plant grow as tall as the box? State

whether the event is likely or unlikely to occur.
Give reasons.

4
My throw will likely
knock down both pins.

I reckon it is unlikely that both

pins will be knocked down.

€€Carry out 21st Century Learning activity, Think-Pair-Share to state whether an

8.2.1 215
event is likely or unlikely to occur and provide reasons.
 CERTAIN OR IMPOSSIBLE
1
Do opposite
magnetic poles
attract each other?

Look at this, Kugan.

Opposite magnetic
poles will attract
each other.

The likelihood of opposite magnetic poles to attract each other is certain .

This is because the opposite magnetic poles will create a magnetic field
between each other.
Similar magnetic poles will attract each other as well.
What is the likelihood of this event?

2 a September consists of 30 days. b October comes after November.€

Likelihood of the event:€ Likelihood of the event:€
certain / impossible€ certain / impossible €
Reason: ____________________ Reason: ____________________

Can you justify

SEPTEMBER 2022 OCTOBER 2022 based on events
SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

1 2 3 1 a and b ?
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
25 26 27 28 29 30 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31

€€ Discuss with pupils regarding certain or impossible events to occur. Ask pupils to
216 8.2.2
provide a reasonable reason.
 EQUALLY LIKELY

Spin the wheel 31 OCTOBER 2022

MATHEMATICS QUIZ
to get a question
number.

12 1
11 2
10 3
9 4
8 5
7 6

What is the likelihood of the

number wheel stopping at even
numbers after being spun? The total number of even and odd
numbers is equal. Hence, the likelihood
of the number wheel to stop at even
numbers is equally likely.

MORE LIKELY OR LESS LIKELY

1 Based on the situation, state the likelihood of all the clothes getting
dried. What is the reason?
The weather is sunny
and windy today.

More likely that all the clothes will get dry. The sunny
and windy weather will cause evaporation to take place
and dry the clothes.

€€ Carry out speed answer quiz by giving possible reasons individually regarding various
8.2.2 events which have the likelihood of certain, impossible, equally likely, and more likely. 217
 What is the likelihood of
2 Alicia getting the yellow ball?

It is less likely because

there is only one yellow
ball. The number of
blue balls is more.

Event Likelihood Reason

There is only one Complete €
Get yellow ball Less likely the table.
yellow ball.

Get blue ball More likely

Get green ball

Jackie throws a dice. What is the

likelihood of Jackie getting a €
THINK prime number?
SMART

TRY IT OUT GROUP ACTIVITY

LIKELIHOOD
TABLES AND
EVENT CARDS

Tools/Materials Likelihood tables, event cards, scissors,

and glue.
Participants 2 pupils in a group. SCAN ME

Task
1 Cut the event cards.
2 Paste the event cards in the likelihood table.
3 Write a reasonable reason for each of the likelihood events.
4 Present the outcome in front of class.
5 Cross-check answers with other groups for improvement.
6 Display the work at the mathematics corner.

€€Scan the QR code to print the Try It Out materials. The materials can be
218 8.2.2
modified by adding the number of event cards or by giving different event
cards to each group.
 LET’S DO IT
1 State whether the following events are likely or unlikely to occur and give €
a reason.
a Malaysia Day is celebrated in May. b Sarawak citizens celebrate Hari Gawai.
c An odd number is between two € d Leap year occurs every five years.
even numbers. f Ten thousands is more than hundreds
e Waterfall flows from a lower level to but less than millions.
a higher level. h A kite can fly high.
g Plants require air to breathe.

2 State the likelihood for each of the following events. Give a reasonable reason.
No. Event Likelihood Reason
a  2021 is a leap year.
b  There are seven days in a week.
c  A tossed coin shows a tail.
d  A regular octagon consists of eight angles €
of equal size.
e  A dice is rolled and the outcome of the number is
lesser than six.
f  One out of 2 girls and 8 boys is chosen as a prefect
in a class.
g  Heavy rain will cause flood in the area that has
drainage problem.
h  A dice is rolled and the outcome is an even number.
i  There are 28 days in March.
j  A green marble is picked randomly from a container
that has one green marble and 5 blue marbles.

3 Write an event for each of the likelihoods. State the reason.

a certain b impossible c less likely
d more likely e equally likely

8.2.1
8.2.2 219
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 The likelihood of Nik Syafiq
picking a white table tennis ball € The situation shows €
is more likely. Nik Syafiq who is about
to pick a table tennis
ball. Asha states that
the likelihood of €
Nik Syafiq picking the
white table tennis ball
is more likely. Is it true?€
Prove it.

Solution

Given • 10 white table tennis balls.

• 3 orange table tennis balls.
• Nik Syafiq wants to pick one table tennis ball.
• Asha states that more likely Nik Syafiq will pick a white
table tennis ball.
Asked for Prove Asha’s statement is true.

Solve Carry out simulation. Check

Colour of White Orange Colour of Colour Prediction
table tennis table tennis of table
ball picked ball tennis ball
1st trial ✔ probably
2nd trial ✔ picked
3rd trial ✔ Orange and Orange or More likely a white
white white table tennis ball will
4th trial ✔ be picked because
5th trial ✔ the number of white
table tennis balls is
more.
Asha states the truth because the number of white table tennis balls is
more compared to the number of orange table tennis balls.

€€Carry out simulation using different objects such as blue and red pens or two
220 8.3.1
different colours of board game counters to enhance pupils’ understanding.
 2 The pie chart shows food bought by a Food Bought at
group of pupils during recess. 12 pupils SK Seri Murni Canteen
bought nasi lemak.
Curry noodles
a What is the value of angle that
represents the largest part? Noodles
45° soup
b What is the total number of pupils Fried € 45°
who bought food during recess? rice
Nasi
lemak
Solution

Understand the problem

• The value of angle of curry noodles is 45°. • Find the value of angle that
• The value of angle of noodles soup is 45°. represents the largest part.
• 12 pupils bought nasi lemak. • Calculate the total number of
pupils during recess.
Plan the strategy and Solve
a The largest part is fried rice, which is half of the circle.
The value of angle for a quarter of the circle is
45° + 45° = 90°.
Two quarters of a circle is equal to half of a circle.
Therefore, the value of the angle of half a circle is
90° + 90° = 180°.
The value of angle which represents the largest part is 180°.

€ Total number
b 12 pupils represent Check
a quarter of the circle. of pupils a
1 2 pupils 45° 2
1 2 pupils 45°
12 12 1 2 pupils 180° × 4
pupils pupils 1 80°
+ 1 2 pupils
12 12
pupils pupils 4 8 pupils
b 4 × 12 pupils = 48 pupils

The total number of pupils who bought food during recess is 48 pupils.

€€Remind pupils that the value of angle for a complete circle is 360°.
8.3.1 €€Vary questions by changing the information regarding the value of angles and 221
the quantities. Make sure the value of angles involve only 45°, 90°, and 180°.
 Fruits Sold
3 The pie chart shows four types of fruits
sold. The mass of rambutan sold is 30 kg. Mangosteen Rambutan
Complete the values of the angles and mass Langsat
on the pie chart if the mass of langsat and 90°
mangosteen sold is the same.
Solution Mango

• The mass of rambutan is 30 kg and the angle

is 90°.
• The mass of langsat and mangosteen is equal.
• The mass of mangosteen is half the mass €
of rambutan. Fruits Sold
• The mass of mango is twice the mass €
of rambutan.
15 kg
Complete the mass and angle values on the pie chart. 15 kg 45° 30 kg
45° 90°
The value of
Fruit Mass 180°
angles
Rambutan 30 kg 90° 60 kg
1 1
Langsat × 30 kg = 15 kg × 90° = 45° Key:
2 2
Rambutan Mangosteen
Mangosteen 15 kg 45°
Langsat Mango
Mango 2 × 30 kg = 60 kg 2 × 90° = 180°

LET’S DO IT Four Types of Kuih Sold

keria
Solve the problems. 45° curry €
ketayap
a The pie chart shows four types of kuih 45° puff
sold. 24 pieces of curry puffs are sold. 90° 180°
State the number of doughnuts and € doughnut
keria which are sold.

b Player A has won four out of five matches against player B. What is the likelihood
of player B winning the sixth match? Give the reason.

222 8.3.1
 LET’S PRACTISE
1 Identify the event which is likely or unlikely to occur. Give the reason.
October has 31 days. Malayan tiger is extinct. Sun rises in the South.

A rooster lays egg. A road has pothole. A sapling grows.

2 Complete the table.
No. Event Likelihood Reason
a  A whale feeds milk to the calf.
b  The heptagon consists of nine sides.
c  The weather is cloudy and it is going to
rain soon.
d  Engkili or Damit will be chosen as the €
class monitor of Year 6 Galaxy.
e  A red pen is picked randomly from a
container that has 1 red pen and 7 pencils.

3 Solve the problems.

Mathematics e-Quiz
a The pie chart shows the number of participants for €
a Mathematics e-Quiz. The number of participants € Labuan
Perlis
from Perlis is 10.
i Calculate the number of participants from Johor. 45° Malacca
45°
ii What is the number of participants from Malacca?
iii Find the number of male participants if the 180°
number of female participants is a quarter of the Johor
total participants.
b There are 8 black buttons and 2 blue buttons in a container. €
Wafiq is requested to pick a button randomly.
i State the likelihood of Wafiq picking a blue button.
ii State the likelihood of Wafiq picking a black button.
iii What should be done to ensure that the likelihood of Wafiq
picking the blue button is equally likely?

8.1.1, 8.2.1,
223
8.2.2, 8 3.1
 GAMES TABLE

LET'S EXPLORE
Tools/Materials Rubber bands, 15 cm stick (pushed into the
ground), drinking water bottles (fully filled), SCAN ME
tennis balls and games table.
Participants 2 pupils.

Rules of Game A: Stand stick Name: __________________

a Push the stick into the ground. Game A: Stand stick
b Stand 1 metre away from the stick.
Toss Likely in or out

c Toss the rubber Toss 1

band to the Toss 2
targeted stick.
Toss 3
Toss 4
Rules of Game B: Bottle bowling Toss 5
a Place the bottle 2 metres away
The likelihood of your toss to land
from your position. to the targeted stick is
b Throw a tennis ball towards the bottle.

Name: __________________
Game B: Bottle bowling
Throw Likely knock or not
How to play
Throw 1
1 Carry out the games in turns.
Throw 2
2 Each pupil will play both games once and
Throw 3
toss or throw for five times.
Throw 4
3 Record the results of the toss and throw
Throw 5
individually into the table provided for The likelihood of your throw will
each game. knock the bottle is
4 Complete the table of the game.
5 Paste the table of the game in the
exercise book.

€€Scan the QR code to get the games table.

224 8.2.1, 8.2.2
SELF-TEST 5.
A. Choose the correct answer.
1.
7:00
7:00
a.m.
a.m. 2:00
2:00p.m.p.m. 50 cm
A 30 cm
London, Friday Kuala Lumpur, Friday B
25 November 2022 25 November 2022
Based on the diagrams above, the mass
Look at the local time in both cities
of block B is 45 kg. What is the mass €
above. What is the time in London when
of block A?
the time in Kuala Lumpur is 5:00 p.m.?
A. 50 kg B. 60 kg
A. 6:00 p.m. B. 8:00 p.m.
C. 70 kg D. 75 kg
C. 10:00 a.m. D. 8:00 a.m.
2. 6.

Ipoh, Malaysia Tokyo, Japan

30 August 2022 31 August 2022
2345 hours 0045 hours
Compare the time in Tokyo with the €
10 cm
time in Ipoh.
A. 1 hour ahead of Ipoh. 1 500 m 500 m
B. 1 hour behind Ipoh. Based on the information given above,
C. 2 hours ahead of Ipoh. what is the height of the 1 500 m
D. 2 hours behind Ipoh. water bottle?
3. Kuala Lumpur Tower,€ A. 15 cm B. 25 cm
8 September 2022 C. 30 cm D. 40 cm
6:00 p.m.
7.
The time in Riyadh is 5 hours behind 5 kg of cooking
the time shown above. State the time oil is equal to
6.25.
in Riyadh.
A. 1:00 a.m. B. 11:00 a.m.
C. 1:00 p.m. D. 11:00 p.m.
4. Which of the regular polygon has Danish uses 3 kg of cooking oil. How much
interior angles of 120° each? volume, in, of the cooking oil used?
A. 3.75 B. 3.5
A. B. C. D. C. 2.75 D. 2.5

225
 j
8. What is O and j? Questions 12 and 13 are based on the
O Cartesian plane below.
The Cartesian plane shows the locations
A. O is the radius and j is the diameter. of three places.
B. O is the centre of the circle and j is € y
the radius.
5
C. O is the centre of the circle and j is €
the diameter. 4
D. O is the diameter and j is the Nibong Hill House
circumference of the circle. 3
9. Which of the following is a regular
pentagon? 2
A. 108° B. 96° 1
Swimming pool
1 cm
108° 120°
100° 108°
108°
x
108° O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
116° 108°
1 cm
C. 66°
D. Scale 1 cm represents 1 km
108°
150° 108° 108° 12. What is the vertical distance, in km, of
108° 108° Nibong Hill from the swimming pool?
108° 108° 108°
A. 2 km B. 3 km C. 4 km D. 5 km
10. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the € 13. State the horizontal distance of Nibong
basis to determine world € Hill from the house.
time zones. A. 1 km B. 2 km C. 3 km D. 4 km
A. 12 B. 20 C. 24 D.30 14. Number of animals treated at
11. Choose the correct meaning of € Permai Veterinary Clinic
diameter. Day Monday Tuesday Wednesday
A. A straight line which connects
Number
the centre of the circle with the
of 6 12 3
circumference.
animals
B. A closed curve that forms the
boundary of a circle. Based on the table above, state the
C. A point located in the middle of the ratio of the number of animals treated
circle. on Monday to the total number of
D. The straight line that connects two animals treated for the three days.
points on the circumference and A. 2 : 5 B. 1 : 3
passes through the centre of a circle. C. 2 : 7 D. 7 : 2

226
15. 18. Online Quizzes
SUGAR FL O U R Key:
45°
Kahoot
90°
Quizizz
6 kg 4 000 g 180° Google Form
Wordwall
State the ratio of the mass of flour to
the mass of sugar. The pie chart shows the types of online
A. 3 : 2 B. 6 : 4 quizzes which have been used by
a group of teachers. The number of
C. 2 : 3 D. 6 : 4 000
teachers who used Kahoot were 12. €
16. The total body mass of Selena and How many teachers used Wordwall ?
Patricia is 85 kg. The ratio of Selena’s A. 12 teachers B. 24 teachers
body mass to Patricia’s body mass is € C. 36 teachers D. 48 teachers
2 : 3. Find Selena’s body mass.
19. A dice is tossed once. What is the
A. 17 kg B. 21 kg
likelihood of getting a number that €
C. 34 kg D. 51 kg is more than 3?
17. y A. Equally likely
5
House A
B. Certain
C. More likely
4
House C D. Less likely
House D
3 20. Choose an event that has a certain
likelihood.
2
House B
A. James can lift a 700 kg weight.
B. Rizal can jump 500 m in a long jump
1 event.
School C. Kumari celebrates her birthday on €
x
SEKOLAH

O 1 2 3 4 5 6 29 February 2024.
Scale D. Syira is 10 years old and she is €
1 2 3 4 5 km
a Year 6 pupil.
The horizontal distance of Aliff’s house 21. Which of the following regular polygon
from the school is 6 km and the vertical can be produced by the combination of
distance is 4 km. Which one is Aliff’s six equilateral triangles?
house? A. Pentagon B. Hexagon
A. House A B. House B C. Heptagon D. Octagon
C. House C D. House D

227
 B. Solve the following questions. b A fan from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
1. Puan Hamimah Rafiq Dina watches the match. The time
in Riyadh is 5 hours behind
Malaysia. State the time in Riyadh.
c Calculate the time difference
between Amsterdam and Riyadh.
Muar, Johor Cairo, € Jakarta,
1515 hours Egypt Indonesia€
0915 hours 4. 1.5 kg
The pictures and information above 60 cm
show three family members who are
The picture above shows the length
living in different countries.
and mass of a piece of wood. The
a What is the time difference
wood is cut into two parts. The length
between Muar and Cairo? of one part of the wood is 40 cm. Is
b The time in Jakarta is 1 hour the mass of the 40 cm wood 1 000 g?
behind Muar. State the time in Prove it.
Jakarta at that moment.
2. Town A and town B are in different 5.
time zones. The time in town A is €
5 hours ahead of town B.
50 cm
a State the time in town B when the 25 cm
time in town A is 1235 hours. 40
b The clock tower in town B shows
the time as 10:45 in the evening,
Friday, 12 August 2022. Find the
The picture shows two cylindrical-shaped
local time in town A.
grape juice containers of the same size.
3. A few players from several countries a State the ratio of the level of grape juice
take part in an online sports in container A to the level of grape juice
competition. The Malaysian player in container B.
is scheduled to face a player from
b Calculate the volume of grape juice in
Amsterdam, Netherlands in the first
container A.
round on 5 March 2022. The time
in Malaysia is 7 hours ahead of c Find the percentage of the volume of
Amsterdam. The game starts at 8:10 in grape juice in container A.
the evening in Kuala Lumpur.
a What is the time in Amsterdam at
that moment?

228
6. The mass of brown sugar is 823 g and 11. The Cartesian plane shows the
becomes 1 000 mof brown sugar locations of a few buildings in a town.
syrup after being melted. y
a Mum melts 411.5 g of brown sugar.
Calculate the volume of the brown 5
sugar syrup that will be produced. Stall
4
b Mum needs 2 500 mof brown Shopping
mall
sugar syrup. What is the mass of 3
the brown sugar, in g, needed? Bus
terminal
7. A polygon consists of 6 sides of 2
equal length and 6 interior angles
of equal size. Complete the picture 1
Museum Theme park

1 cm
of the regular polygon below and
x
measure the interior angles. O 1 2 3 4 5
1 cm
Scale 1 : 100 000

a What is the vertical distance of the

museum from the stall?
b State the horizontal distance of the
theme park from the museum.
c Calculate the horizontal and
8. Using a protractor, draw and name vertical distances of the theme
the following angles. park from the stall.
a 20° b 145° c 90° d Which building is located 4 km
horizontally and 3 km vertically €
9. Draw a circle based on the information from the museum?
given. Label all the characteristics of e Name two buildings that have
the circle. an equal horizontal and vertical
a 4 cm of radius. distances from the bus terminal.
b 5.5 cm of radius. 12. The ratio of the number of books read
10. Sardi draws three circles. The radius of by Shanti to the number of books read
circle A is 2 cm more than the radius by Chua in a week is 3 : 4. €
of circle B. The radius of circle C is 1 cm The total number of books read €
more than the radius of circle A. Which by both of them is 21. Calculate the
circle is the largest? number of books read by:
a Shanti. b Chua.

229
 13. 15. Leisure Activities
Reading

45°
Gardening Sports
Fried noodles Chicken rice
RM4 RM6 180°
The pictures show the price for two Fishing
types of food. State the ratios in the
simplest form:
The number of residents who like
a the price of fried noodles to the price
fishing is 32 people.
of chicken rice.
b the price of chicken rice to the price a How many residents like to do
of fried noodles. gardening, reading, and sports?
c the price of fried noodles to the total b State the value of angle that
price of fried noodles and chicken represents sports activity.
rice. c Calculate the difference between
d the price of chicken rice to the total the number of residents who
price of fried noodles and chicken like fishing and the number of
rice. residents who like reading.
14. The pie chart shows the islands in 16.
Malaysia which are preferred to be
visited by 120 pupils. Emilia has 12 pieces
Preferred Islands to be Visited of chocolate cookies
and 3 pieces of
butter cookies in the
Langkawi Island container as shown
in the picture.
45°
Tioman
Island 45° Mabul Island
a What is the likelihood of Emilia
Redang Island
choosing a piece of butter cookies?
a State the values of angles of € Why?
Langkawi Island and Tioman Island. b What is the likelihood of Emilia
b How many pupils prefer to visit € choosing a piece of chocolate
Mabul Island? cookies? Give your reason.
c Find the difference between the c What is the likelihood of Emilia
number of pupils who prefer to visit choosing a piece of peanut
Tioman Island and Redang Island. cookies? State the reason.

230
GLOSSARY
Ascending order Arrangement of numbers from the smallest to the largest value.
Basic operations Mathematical operations, which are addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division.
Coordinates A pair of number that determine the point over the x-axis and the y-axis.
Customer The people (buyer or user) who does transaction with sellers or service providers.
Decimal place The position of a digit after the decimal point.
Decimal point A point that separates whole number and decimal fraction.
Decimal Numbers that represent fractions with denominators of 10, 100, 1 000, and so on.
Descending order Arrangement of numbers from the largest to the smallest value.
Difference Differences in quantity or value between two groups of objects or values.
The difference is obtained by subtracting two numbers.
Dividend rate Percentage of profit given on money invested for business or shares.
Divisor A number that divides another number.
East One of the four directions of the wind. Opposite of the west. The Sun rises in
the east.
Equilateral triangle A triangle that has three sides of equal length and all angles are of equal size.
Event An event or something that happens.
Fraction Part of one thing, a group, or a number.
Group A set of things.
Horizontal distance The length between two dots or objects that are parallel to the x-axis.
Insurance A coverage agreement that has conditions for compensation in the event of theft,
damage, injury, or death.
Interest rate The profit rate in percentages fixed against a particular savings or loan for
a specified period.
Interior angle The angle formed by the latitude of two lines, and is located between the two lines.
Investment Money used for certain businesses that will provide future profits.
Investor The person who makes fixed contribution to a fund or company.
Length Distance or measurement between two points or from end to end.
Likelihood A probability that something is likely or unlikely to occur.
Loan Financing for a purpose received from a financial institution and is charged with
interest. Also known as debt.
Local time Real time for local area.
Mass The quantity of matter of an object that is not affected by gravitational pull.
Meridian Imaginary lines drawn on Earth from the South Pole to the North Pole. This line
from south to north is called a longitude line or longitude only.
Mixed numbers A number represented by a whole number and a proper fraction.
Mixed operations Combination of two or more mathematical operations.
Mode The value that has the highest frequency in a set of data.
Number pattern Specific pattern in the order of number.

231
 Percentage The way to specify a number as a fraction of 100 with the % symbol.
Perpendicular line A straight line that intersect or cross another straight line at a right angle.
Pie chart Diagrams that show division or breakdown of data or information in circles.
Each value is represented by one sector of the circle.
Proportion A mathematical statement that shows the relationship between two quantities
or values in the same ratio.
Protractor A tool for measuring angles.
Provider The person who provides or supplies goods or services.
Quantity Total or number of things.
Regular heptagon A two-dimensional closed shape with 7 straight sides of equal length.
Regular hexagon A two-dimensional closed shape with 6 straight sides of equal length.
Regular octagon A two-dimensional closed shape with 8 straight sides of equal length.
Regular pentagon A two-dimensional closed shape with 5 straight sides of equal length.
Regular polygon A two-dimensional closed shape with all straight sides of equal length.
Remainder Surplus after two numbers is subtracted or by a division that has a balance.
Sales discount Discount given to wholesaler for goods bought in cash and in large numbers.
Scale The ratio of the size of the drawing to the size of the actual object.
Simplest form Smallest form where numerators and denominators are in prime numbers except 1.
Square A quadrangular that has four sides, four upright corners, and each side
of equal length.
Straight line A line that is not crooked, has no width and is either horizontal, vertical,
or inclined.
Takaful Islamic insurance concept that adhere to the ethics and transparency of Syariah
guidelines that prohibit uncertainty (Gharar), gambling (Maisir), and interest (Riba).
Time zone An area of 18 longitudes wide which throughout its parts have the same time and
starts from the Greenwich meridian.
Time The past period to the present period until the future that can be measured using
clocks or other time calculation tools.
Traders The person who provides goods for sale (the seller).
Unknown Unknown value or quantity and written as a symbol or letter.
Vertical distance The length between two dots or objects that are parallel to the y-axis.
Volume of liquid The amount of liquid that can fill a container.
West One of the four directions of the wind. Opposite of the east. The Sun sets in
the west.
Whole number Number that starts from zero and so on, and does not have fraction or decimal.

232
ANSWERS UNIT 3: MONEY ........................................................................................................................
UNIT 1: WHOLE NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS ............................................................... THINK SMART (pg. 109)
THINK SMART (pg. 3) 25%, RM15
3 647 915 , 3 791 465 , 3 915 764 , 3 157 946 Accept any reasonable answers. LET’S PRACTISE (pg. 133 – 135)
THINK SMART (pg. 8) THINK SMART (pg. 12) 1. a. Loss, RM22 b. Profit, RM145 c. Loss, RM20 d. Profit, RM60
1 234 321 = 1 111 × 1 111 P = 2 375 000 , Q = 2 875 000 e. Loss, RM5.50
THINK SMART (pg. 26) 2. a. RM450 b. RM790 c. RM750
3. a. RM280 b. RM3 600 c. RM4 079 d. RM392 000
4. A4 Papers = RM400, Files = RM120, Pocket dictionaries = RM1 200
6.23 million ÷ 7 = 0.89 million Total = RM1 720, Deduct sale discount 10% = RM172, Total payment = RM1 548
5. a. Total: RM500, Service tax 6%: RM30, Total payment = RM530
b. Voucher value: RM50
THINK SMART (pg. 35) THINK SMART (pg. 36) 6. a. RM950 b. RM120
1.74 million 0.3 million or 300 000 7. Total value of asset: RM150 500, Total value of liability: RM63 460
THINK SMART (pg. 38) 8. i. to accommodate medical treatment expenses
1.715 million or 1 715 000 ii. receive financial compensation due to house destruction
LET’S PRACTISE (pg. 58) iii. claim insurance to repair car due to accident
1. a. three million five hundred eighteen thousand and fourty-two 9. a. i. RM1 302 ii. RM9 548
b. one million ninety thousand two hundred and fifty-six b. Ain: RM87 844, Maryanti: RM87 499, Puan Ain manages her financial better.
c. four million seven thousand nine hundred and eighty c. RM3 570 d. RM135
d. five million fourty thousand and nineteen e 70 × RM2.50 = RM1.75
100
e. 8 709 181 f. 9 253 000 g. 2 050 806
2. a. The number pattern increases by twelves. b. x = 8 007 092 70 × RM4.50 = RM3.15
100
y = 8 007 104 70 × RM8 = RM5.60
100
3. 4. a.  one and three-fourths of a million, Total = RM10.50 (insufficient)
Prime Composite
one and three-quarters of a million. f. RM40 and RM40, RM50 and RM30, and accept any reasonable answers.
number number
11 8 b. 1 million SELF-TEST (pg. 137 – 140)
8
29 24 c. 5 10 7
million A. Choose the correct answer.
41 35 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B
67 80 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C
11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
5. a. 200 000 b. 1 095 000 c. 200 000 d. 4 375 000 e. 6 900 000 16. A 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. D
6. 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B
600 000 750 000 2 800 000 3 500 000 9 625 000 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B
0.6 million 0.75 million 2.8 million 3.5 million 9.625 million B. Solve the following questions.
3 million 3 million 2 45 million 3 21 million 9 58 million 1. a. 7, 13, 43 b. 9, 35, 81 2.a. R b. 100 000
5 4 3
3. a. 1 10 b. 6 25 4. a. 2 b. 25.35 c. 87%
7. a. 9 290 680 b. 2.692 million or 2 692 000 c. 1.26 million or 1 260 000 5. RM260, RM350 6. a. 250% b. q = 2.25, 1.5
d. 6.44 million or 6 440 000 7. 12
8. a. 7.7 million b. 3.075 million 9. a. 503 000 b. 1 million 8. 284 000 9. a. 2 475 000 b. R = 625 000
4
9
10. a. 1.76 million b. 4 10 million c. 8.25 million or 8 250 000 or 8 41 million S = 2.5 × 250 000
d. 4.44 million or 4 440 000 e. 3.95 million or 3 950 00 = 625 000 (true)
f. 0.285 million or 285 000 10. a. RM72 b. RM1 272 11. 12.6 km
12. a. 0.5 m / m 1 b. 4.75 m 13. a. 2.16 b. 150%
11. a. 270 000 or 0.27 million b. 4 000 or 0.004 million c. 2.95 million or 2 950 000 2
d. 0.642 million or 642 000 e. 4 000 or 0.004 million f. 1.775 million or 1 775 000 14. a. RM15 000 b. RM1 485 000 15. RM27.90
12. a. 3.142 million or 3 142 000 b. 1.241 million or 1 241 000 16. 100 000 17. RM6 100
c. 5.425 million or 5 425 000 d. (2 million – 0.04 million) ÷ 100 = 3600 18. RM480
5
e. 2.775 million or 2 775 000 19. Assets: RM50 000 + RM35 000 = RM85 000
UNIT 2: FRACTIONS, DECIMALS, AND PERCENTAGES ........................................................ Liabilities: RM1 460 + RM15 000 = RM16 460
THINK SMART (pg. 66) THINK SMART (pg. 69) Yes. The value of assets exceeds the value of liabilities.
= 1 = 2 = 3
3.1 x 2.6 or 2.6 x 3.1 UNIT 4: TIME ............................................................................................................................
THINK SMART (pg. 146)
THINK SMART (pg. 77) THINK SMART (pg. 85) City P 1710 hours, City Q 1210 hours, 5 hours
400% 0.75
LET’S PRACTISE (pg. 153)
THINK SMART (pg. 89) THINK SMART (pg. 91)
1. 24 time zones
1 or 0.2 a=5 2. The time difference between Rio de Janeiro and Greenwich: 3 hours
5
LET’S PRACTISE (pg. 99 – 100) The time difference between Madrid and Labuan: 7 hours
The time difference between Labuan and Gold Coast: 2 hours
1. a. 1 b. 1 c. 2 d. 1 e. 2 11
f. 2 12 8
g. 2 21 h. 6 i. 18 25
8 6 5 15 3 The time difference between Greenwich and Mecca: 3 hours
4
2. a. 2 5 b. 12 1
c. 1
d. 1 2 The time difference between Mecca and Gold Coast: 7 hours
2 3. 5 hours
3. a. 1.08 b. 4.757 c. 60.354 d. 4.8 e. 9.9 f. 0.225 g. 3.65
4. 0754 hours or 7:54 a.m.
h. 9.64 i. 20.631 j. 1.5 k. 30.6 l. 84.28
5. a. 2300 hours
4. a. 165%, 3.3, 660% b. 1.6, 2.72
b. i. 1835 hours or 6:35 p.m.
5. a. i. 65% ii. 25% b. i. 301% ii. 12%
ii. 1200 hours or 12:00 noon.
6. a. 10.5 m b. 22.05 hours c. 7.992 kg d. 89.44
c. i. 0430 hours or 4:30 a.m.
e. 3.16 ii. 0310 hours or 3:10 a.m.
× 9 . 2
632 UNIT 5: MEASUREMENT .........................................................................................................
+ 2 8 4 4 0 LET’S PRACTISE (pg. 163)
2 9.0 7 2 a. 1 000 g
b. i. 7.65 kg
7. a. 300% b. 140%
ii. 2.55 kg
8. a. 255% b. 190%
c. 52.5 cm
9. 10.5 × 100% = 1 050 % d. i. 576 mof water and 160 g of anchovies
2.5 2.5
ii. 500 g of wheat flour and 360 mof water
= 10 500%
2.5 UNIT 6: SPACE ........................................................................................................................
= 420% (true)
THINK SMART (pg. 177)
10. a. 6.5 minutes b. 0.02 c. 4.07 km d. 63.6 kg e. 1.44 f. 0.315 g. 41 21
h. 1.5 i. 16.35 j. 62.3 Raymond might draw an equilateral triangle and a square.
11. a. 465.125 cm2 b. i. 3 m ii. 6 c. 0.55 d. 1.68 hours Charles might draw a hexagon and an octagon.
4
e. i. 150% ii. 1.6
233
 THINK SMART (pg. 182) 2. a. 1 : 5 b. 1 : 6 c. 3 : 7 d. 6 : 1 e. 8 : 9
3. a. 15 b. i. 7 cm ii. 35 cm
circumference
of the circle diameter 4. a. 5 km horizontal distance and 2 km vertical distance
b. 5 : 3 c. RM36 d .40
O radius
centre of 4 cm UNIT 8: DATA HANDLING AND LIKELIHOOD ....................................................................
the circle THINK SMART (pg. 210) THINK SMART (pg. 218)
88 pupils equally likely
LET’S PRACTISE (pg. 185 – 186)
1. a. b. LET’S PRACTISE (pg. 223)
1. October has 31 days is likely to occur as there are 31 days in October.
5 cm 3 cm Malayan tiger extinct is likely to occur because their number is decreasing in the
60° 135° habitat.
Sun rises in the south is unlikely to occur as the sun rises in the east.
A rooster lays egg is unlikely to occur as hen lays egg.
c. 2.
90° A road has pothole is likely to occur as the result of the weather and traffic passing
108° 5.3 cm over every day.
6.5 cm A sapling growth is likely to occur as the sapling can survive and grow with
sufficient amount of light, water, and air.
*accept any other reasonable answers and reasons from the above.
3. a. b. 2. a. Certain because whale is a mammal and it feeds milk to the calf.
b. Impossible because heptagon consists of 7 sides.
c. More likely because cloudy weather is a sign that it will rain.
40° 65° d. Equally likely because only one out of two pupils will be chosen as the class
monitor.
e. Less likely because the number of red pens is less than pencils.
c. d.
3. a. i. 40 persons ii. 20 persons iii. 60 persons
b. i. less likely ii. more likely iii. Take out 6 black buttons
125° from the box.
89° Put more 6 blue buttons
into the box.
e. f.
SELF-TEST (pg. 225 – 230)
A. Choose the correct answer.
160° 173° 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. D
6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C
11. D 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C
16. C 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. C
4. A circle has a centre of a circle, radius, diameter, and circumference of a circle.
21. B
5. a. b. B. Solve the following questions.
4 cm
O 1. a. 6 hours b. 1415 hours 2. a. 0735 hours b. 3:45 in the
O morning,
4.7 cm
Saturday,
13 August 2022
c. 3. a. 1:10 p.m. b. 3:10 p.m. c. 2 hours
5.2 cm 4. Yes. 40 × 1.5 kg = kg
6
60 6
O = 1 kg
= 1 000 g
6. a. 5. a. 1 : 2 b. 20  c. 50%
5 cm 5 cm 6. a. 500 m b. 2 057.5 g
7.

5 cm 5 cm
120°
5 cm
b. i. ii. 1m
Accept any
3m other
3m reasonable
1m 1m 8. a. acute angle. b. obtuse angle. c. right angle
answers.

1m

c. The size of cake board should be 145° 90°

20°
bigger than the cake size.
28 cm long and 28 cm wide. 9. a. b.
Accept any other reasonable 4 cm
answers. 28 cm O
O
5.5 cm

10. circle C
28 cm 11. a. 3 km b. 3 km c. 3 km horizontal distance and 3 km vertical distance
d. shopping mall e. theme park and stalls
UNIT 7: COORDINATES, RATIO, AND PROPORTION ..........................................................
THINK SMART (pg. 188) THINK SMART (pg. 195) 12. a. 9 books b. 12 books
7 cm The number of cats to the total 13. a. 2 : 3 b. 3 : 2 c. 2 : 5 d. 3 : 5
number of cats and tortoises. 14. a. Langkawi Island 180°, Tioman Island 90° b. 15 pupils c. 15 pupils
15. a. Gardening = 8 b. 90° c. 24 residents
THINK SMART (pg. 198) THINK SMART (pg. 203)
Reading = 8
96 3:4
Sports = 16
LET’S PRACTISE (pg. 205)
16. a. Less likely because there is less number of butter cookies.
1. a. 4 km horizontal distance and 3 km vertical distance
b. More likely because there is more number of chocolate cookies.
b. 3 km horizontal distance and 2 km vertical distance
c. Impossible because there are no peanut cookies in the container.
c. 1 km horizontal distance and 5 km vertical distance
234
 Dengan ini, SAYA BERJANJI akan menjaga buku ini
dengan baiknya dan bertanggungjawab atas kehilangannya,
serta mengembalikannya kepada pihak sekolah pada
tarikh yang ditetapkan.

Skim Pinjaman Buku Teks

Sekolah

Tarikh
Tahun Tingkatan Nama Penerima
Terima

Nombor Perolehan:

Tarikh Penerimaan:

BUKU INI TIDAK BOLEH DIJUAL