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Hearing Aid (Project Report)

The document describes an op-amp based hearing aid circuit using an LM386 audio amplifier. The circuit amplifies weak audio signals to make them audible for people with hearing loss. It consists of a microphone that converts sound to a digital signal, an LM386 amplifier that increases the signal strength, and a speaker that outputs the amplified sound. The LM386 has a gain of 200 and can drive speakers from 4-32 ohms. It provides higher current output than typical op-amps like the LM741, making it suitable for powering speakers. The circuit uses common components like capacitors and resistors to set the gain and filter signals. It is a simple, low-cost solution to enhance hearing.

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896 views5 pages

Hearing Aid (Project Report)

The document describes an op-amp based hearing aid circuit using an LM386 audio amplifier. The circuit amplifies weak audio signals to make them audible for people with hearing loss. It consists of a microphone that converts sound to a digital signal, an LM386 amplifier that increases the signal strength, and a speaker that outputs the amplified sound. The LM386 has a gain of 200 and can drive speakers from 4-32 ohms. It provides higher current output than typical op-amps like the LM741, making it suitable for powering speakers. The circuit uses common components like capacitors and resistors to set the gain and filter signals. It is a simple, low-cost solution to enhance hearing.

Uploaded by

Speech's Club
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CIRCUIT ANALYSIS (201)

PROJECT REPORT

HEARING AID USING OP AMP

SUBMITTED BY:
Zahid
Muhammad Uzair
SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. ABDUL RAB NASIR
Project Name: OP AMP BASED HEARING AID

Circuit diagram:

Introduction:
The circuit describes here is used to amplify the weak signals so that it can be heard properly.
Many people lose there their hearing power because of old age or due to hearing loud music or
because of any another reason.  So to amplify the weak signals they can use this circuit which is
used to enhance the weak signals as similar to common audio amplifier. Advantage of this circuit
is high sensitivity; it consumes low current and uses commonly available components and light
weight.

A hearing aid is a device designed to improve hearing by making sound audible to a person with
hearing loss.

Hearing aids work by amplifying sound through a three-part system:

 The microphone receives sound and converts it into a digital signal.


 The amplifier increases the strength of the digital signal.
 The speaker produces the amplified sound into the ear.
Every patient requires different hearing aid which depends upon there loss hearing frequency
(Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz), which is often thought of as the “pitch” of the sound). The
average human can hear between 20 and 20,000 Hz.

NOTE: Decibels, measure the loudness of a sound and Hertz measures the frequency of the sound.

(A Table is showing the data that at represents the threshold of the hearing loss at different
values)

AUDIOGRAM (hearing test) results are plotted on a graph with the y-axis representing hearing
threshold and the x-axis representing frequency. And then on observed graph patients are
prescribed to get the hearing aid of a specific value.

Components List:
1. An op amp (LM-386)
2. Audio jack
3. 10uf/63v capacitor x1
4. 100uf/25v capacitor x1
5. 10nf capacitor x1
6. 10k ohm resistor x1
7. 10k preset x1
8. Earphones (any would work)
9. An electret microphone.

Component Description and their calculations:

 Specifications of the Electret Micro phone :Operating Voltage: 2V to 10V, Current


consumption: 0.5mA (max) ,Recommended operating voltage: 2V ,Operating Frequency:
20Hz to 16,000Hz, Impedance: <2.2kΩ

 The IC gain(IC-386) will be adjusted to 20 by default, so we connect a capacitor (10 µF)


between the two pins 1 & 8 of this IC then the gain will be enhanced to 200. With a
capacitor between pins 1 and 8 , it has a gain of G v = 2x15K/150 =200 (46dB).

 The output connection can be done with the help of impedance ranges from 4 Ω to 32 Ω,
because the IC can drive any type of speaker in this range. This speaker can be connected
using a capacitor (100 µF) was really useful because it removes the unnecessary DC signals
at the output.
 The input level in this circuit can be controlled by connecting a preset to the input. A preset
is used to set a fixed value say a reference voltage, current or resistance. A potentiometer is
generally used where a value has to be changed frequently say a volume control in an
amplifier or the output voltage in a power supply unit.
 A capacitor will be connected to the input in series to remove the DC components.

Difference between the Normal Op-amp LM741 and the Audio Power
amplifier LM386.
The main difference is that one is an Op-Amp the other is an Audio Amp. While the Opamp can be
used to amplify signals, the audio amp cannot be used as a comparator, integrator, filter, voltage
regulator, analog calculator, voltage clamp, oscillator or anything else an opamp can do. Op
stands for Operational, it can perform operations. And the LM386 is a audio amp.

 The 741 has inputs that must be close to half the DC supply voltage. The LM386 has inputs
that work at its negative supply voltage that is usually 0V (ground).

 The 741 has a max output current of about 20mA so it can drive a load of 2000 ohms. The
LM386 has a max output current of about 810mA so it can drive an 8 ohm speaker.

 The 741 needs negative feedback resistors added. The LM386 has built-in negative
feedback resistors.

 The 741 has trouble above 9kHz. The LM386 works well to 300-kHz.
PINOUT OF LM386:

Conclusion:
Hearing loss is a silent problem affecting millions of patients who receive treatment for other
health conditions. Screening for hearing loss could be implemented easily into a primary care
environment to identify and treat patients at an early stage. The numerous treatment options and
available technology can improve communication and quality of life for a substantial number of
people.

References:
HTTPS://WWW.QUORA.COM/WHAT-IS-THE-DIFFERENCE-BETWEEN-PRESET-AND-POTENTIOMETER
HTTPS://GIDEONLABS.COM/POSTS/FAILURE-ANALYSIS-OF-LM386-OP-AMPS/
HTTPS://WWW.TI.COM/LIT/DS/SYMLINK/LM386.PDF
HTTPS://WWW.ELECTROSMASH.COM/LM386-ANALYSIS
HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=ZRVVDOCAZC0&T=50S
HTTPS://FORUMS.QRZ.COM/INDEX.PHP?THREADS/DIFFERENCE-BETWEEN-LM386-AND-LM741.570949/
HTTPS://BESTENGINEERINGPROJECTS.COM/HEARING-AID-CIRCUIT/
HTTPS://WWW.ENGINEERSGARAGE.COM/HEARING-AID-USING-AUDIO-AMPLIFIER-LM386/
HTTPS://MEDICINE.UIOWA.EDU/IOWAPROTOCOLS/HOW-READ-AUDIOGRAM

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