Capacitors

L3
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Manish Purohit
BITS Pilani , TEDx Speaker ,
Founder, NIMBUS Education
❏ former ISRO Scientist

❏ Mangalyaan | GSAT | INSAT | IRNSS

❏ B.Tech : EEE | M.Sc. : Physics |

❏ 100%ile in JEE Main Physics

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 CAPACITORS

When a charge q is given to a conductor, it spreads over the outer surface of the conductor. The
whole conductor comes to the same potential (V ). This potential V is directly proportional to the
charge q.

C is called the capacitance of the conductor. The SI unit of capacitance is called one farad
(1 F). One farad is equal to one coulomb per volt

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Capacitance of a Spherical Conductor :

C depends on the dimensions of the conductor. Moreover if two conductors have radii R1 and R2, then
𝐶 𝑅
=
𝐶 𝑅

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Parallel Plate Capacitor :

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Instead of two plates if there are n similar plates at equal distances from each other and the alternate
plates are connected together, the capacitance of the arrangement is given by :

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Effect of Dielectrics :

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Effect of Dielectrics :

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Effect of Dielectrics :

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Effect of Dielectrics :

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Effect of Dielectrics :

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Effect of Dielectrics :

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Capacitance of a Capacitor Partially Filled with Dielectric

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If more than one dielectric slabs are placed between the capacitor :

If the slab completely fills the space between the plates :

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If a conducting slab (K = ∞) is placed between the plates

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If the space between the plates is completely filled with a conductor :

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Force between the Plates of a Capacitor

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Capacitors in Series and Parallel

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Kirchhoff’s laws

1. In an isolated system net charge remains constant

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Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor :

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Redistribution of Charge :

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Loss of Energy During Redistribution of Charge

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Charging of a Capacitor in C-R Circuit

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Charging of a Capacitor in C-R Circuit

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Discharging of a Capacitor in C-R Circuit :

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