International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

Volume 6 Issue 4, May-June 2022 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

Fire Detection System using GSM Module

Mr. J. D Sonone, Miss Komal Gavhale, Miss Komal Patil, Miss Ashwini Kakade, Miss Shital Gavhale,
Miss Rutuja Chavhan, Mr. Vikas Sapkal, Mr. Shrikrushn Patil, Mr. Vijay Chavandke
Electrical Engineering, Padmashri Dr. V.B. Kolte College of Engineering, Malkapur, Buldhana, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT How to cite this paper: Mr. J. D Sonone

Fire accidents are an unplanned and undesirable event that brings | Miss Komal Gavhale | Miss Komal
damages to social wealth and human life needs to be prevented at all Patil | Miss Ashwini Kakade | Miss
cost. In order to prevent the losses accrued from fire accidents, Shital Gavhale | Miss Rutuja Chavhan |
Mr. Vikas Sapkal | Mr. Shrikrushn Patil |
various alarm systems have been developed such as smoke detectors
Mr. Vijay Chavandke "Fire Detection
and temperature sensor based systems etc. The availability of a GSM
System using GSM
technology is now started into the fire alarm system in order to Module" Published
prevent the menace that could be caused by fire accidents. This in International
project is design and implementation of a cost effective and reliable Journal of Trend in
automated GSM based fire alarm system. The device is able to detect Scientific Research
fire in the environment, the system sends SMS and call alert to an and Development
inbuilt GSM number when necessary, and make loud sound to alert (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456- IJTSRD50189
occupants on pending danger. This was achieved by the use of 12 6470, Volume-6 |
Volt power supply system that powers the device using step down Issue-4, June 2022, pp.760-763, URL:
transformer, programming Arduino Uno Microcontroller using www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50189.pdf
embedded C programming Language in the Arduino IDE, and
Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and
integrating the program with Arduino Uno Microcontroller with
International Journal of Trend in
GSM SIM900 module. Scientific Research and Development
Journal. This is an
KEYWORDS: GSM modules, Flame Sensor, Buzzer, 16x2 LCD,
Open Access article
Atmega328 Microcontroller distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

1. INTRODUCTION
A fire alarm system is number of devices working alarm system is designed to detect the unwanted
together to detect and warn people through visual and presence of fire by monitoring environmental changes
audio appliances whenever fire caches. These alarms associated with the combustion. Automatic fire alert
may be activated automatically from flame detectors system is required not only in industrial complexes but
or heat detectors or may also be activated via manual also residential buildings. In general, fire alarm
fire alarm activation devices such as manual call systems are designed as either automatically actuated
points or pull stations. Alarms may be either motor or manually actuated. However, some fire alarm
bell or wall mountable sounders, horns. They can also systems have been reported to have incorporated both
be speaker strobes which sound alarm, followed by a designs in integrated manner. Automatic fire alarm
voice evacuation message which warns people inside systems are designed to automatically pick fire signals
the building not to use the elevators. Fire and smoke and notify the building occupants of pending dangers.
that spread within a building can be affected by Here in this project model we are going to implement
various factors such as the geometry, dimension, a system using flame detector sensor which detects the
layout and usage of the building. In order to prevent any flame in front of sensor, we are using GSM
fire accident in building, it is critical to detect fire at module to send and call alert, both GSM and flame
its early stage and nip it to the bud. In most instances, sensor is interfaced to atmega 328 arduino
fire outbreaks are reported to the fire brigades or microcontroller with 16x2 LCD to display alert.
authorities very late, often when the entire building
2. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION:
has been burnt down. This makes the case for design
The hardware part used in this solar power bank are
of automatic fire alarm system a necessity. A fire
mentioned below,

@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD50189 | Volume – 6 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2022 Page 760
 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
A. Flame Detector Sensor: applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic and is
very commonly used in many devices and circuits.
These modules are preferred over seven segments and
other multi segment LEDs. The reasons are: LCD is
economical, easily programmable, no limitation of
displaying special & even custom characters.. A 16x2
means it can display 16 characters per line and there
are 2 such lines, each character is displayed in 5x7
Fig.1 pixel matrix. A command is an instruction given to
The sensor which is most sensitive to a normal light is LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it,
known as a flame sensor. That’s why this sensor clearing its screen, setting the cursor position,
module is used in flame alarms. This sensor detects controlling display etc.
the flame otherwise wavelength within the range of D. Buzzer:
760 nm – 1100 nm from the light source. This sensor
can easily damaged by high temperature. So this
sensor can be placed at certain distance from the
flame. The flame detection can be done from a 100cm
distance and the detection angle will be 600. The
output of this sensor is an analog signal or digital.
These sensors are used in fire fighting robots like as a
flame alarm. Fig: 4

B. GSM Module: The buzzer is the electrical device that makes a

buzzing noise is used for signaling. Here in this
project we are using a buzzer to create beeps sounds
when fire detect for alerting nearby people.
E. MicrocontrollerATmega328:

Fig: 2
GSM is mobile communication module, stands for
global system for mobile communication. The idea of
GSM was developed at Bell Laboratories in the 1970.
It is largely used mobile communication system in the
world. GSM is digital cellular technology used for
transmitting mobile voice and data services operates
at the 900MHz, 1800MHz, 850MHz, and 1900MHz
frequency bands. We are interfacing GSM module to
send sms and call alert if fire detected near system.
C. LCD Display: Fig: 5
It is a Atmel 8-bit AVR RISC-based microcontroller
with 32KB ISP flash memory and read-while-write
capabilities, 1KB EEPROM, 23 general purpose I/O
lines, 32 general purpose working registers, 3 flexible
timer/counters with compare modes, internal, external
interrupts, serial programmable USART, a byte-
oriented 2-wire serial interface, SPI serial port, 6-
channel 10-bit A/D converter programmable
Fig: 3
watchdog timer with internal oscillator, and five
LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display, this screen is software selectable power saving modes. The device
an electronic display module and find a wide range of operates between 1.8-5.5 volts.

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
Key parameters for ATmega328: WORKING OF THE SYSTEM:
Flash (KBytes):32kBytes, Pin count: 28, Max. As shown in block diagram we have made the circuit
Operating Frequency (MHz): 20MHz, CPU: 8-bit connections. First the AC power applied to primary
AVR, Touch channels: 16, Hardware touch coil of step down transformer, at secondary coil we
Acquisition: No, Max I/o pins: 22, Ext Interrupts: 24, get the unregulated AC 12v. Then this 12V AC
SPI: 221, TWI (12c):1, UART: 1, ADC Channels: 8 applied to bridge rectifier and filter capacitors, so we
ADC Resolution (bits): 10, ADC speed (kbps): 15, will get a pure DC output. This pure DC output given
Analog comparator: 1, DAC Resolution:0, to the 7805 an 7812 voltage regulators, so we will get
Temperature sensor: yes, Operating voltage: 1.8 to a regulated DC 5 and DC 12 Voltages. The 5 v is
5.5 given to the microcontroller, flame sensor and LCD.
The 12 Volt DC is for GSM module and Buzzer. In
3. SOFTWARE DISCRIPTION (ARDUINO
this system 16x2 LCD is used to show the current
IDE):
status of fire detection. 16x2 LCD’s data pin DB4,
Arduino IDE is open source software that is mainly
DB5, DB6, DB7 are connected with pin D5, D4, D3,
used for writing and compiling the code into the
D2 of microcontroller. And command pin RS and EN
Arduino Module. It is an official Arduino software,
is directly connected with pin D12, D11 of
making code compilation too easy that even a
microcontroller. RW pin of LCD is directly connected
common person with no prior technical knowledge
with ground. The output of flame sensor is connected
can get their feet wet with the learning process. It is
toD7 pin of microcontroller, buzzer is connected to
easily available for operating systems like MAC,
D8 pin and GSM Module’s Rx And Tx pin is
Windows, Linux and runs on the Java Platform that
connected to D1 And D0 pin of microcontroller
comes with inbuilt functions and commands that play
respectively. We have written a C code in Arduino
a vital role for debugging, editing and compiling the
IDE as like, When the sensor detects the fire the
code in the environment. A range of Arduino modules
microcontroller send signal to the buzzer for beeping
available in market, each of them contains a
and also indicates about fire detected on LCD
microcontroller on the board that is actually
displays. The microcontroller sends AT commands to
programmed and accepts the information in the form
GSM module to send text message and to make call
of code. The main code, also known as a sketch,
to occupants.
created on the IDE platform will ultimately generate a
Hex File which is then transferred and uploaded in 5. RESULT:
the controller on the board. The IDE environment The results shows the final implementation of the
mainly contains two basic parts: Editor and Compiler system and its output sms sent to the recipient
where former is used for writing the required code person’s mobile.
and later is used for compiling and uploading the
code into the given Arduino Module. This
environment supports both C and C++ languages.
4. BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Fig 7: Final Implementation

Fig: 6 Fig 8: System Output

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
6. CONCLUSION its Applications’, Hainan Island, 2008, pp.
Fire accident claims the lives of innocent people 233236.
around the world every single day. A small amount of [3] J. H. Li, X. H. Zou, and W. Lu, ‘The Design
fire is able to damage a huge part of a society.
and Implementation of Fire Smoke Detection
Although heat detectors and fire alarms alert people
System Based on FPGA’, Proceedings of the
of danger, they often have few choices other than
24th Control and Decision Conference,
escaping from a building and calling the fire Taiyuan, 2012, pp 3919-3922.
department. In this paper, it can be concluded that the
proposed system can provide a secure, safe, and [4] A Cote and P. Bugbee, ‘Ionization Smoke
efficient way for preventing or combating fire Detectors: Principles of Fire Protection’,
accident. This was achieved by the implemention of National Fire Protection Association, Quincy,
12 V power supply system that powers the device, 249, 1988.
programming Arduino Uno Microcontroller using [5] R.W. Bukowski, R.D. Peacock, J.D. Averill,
C++ programming Language in the Arduino software T.G. Cleary, N.P. Bryner, W.D. Walton, P.A.
platform, and integrating the program med Arduino Reneke, and E..D. Kuligowski, ‘Performance of
Uno Microcontroller with GSM SIM800 module. The Home Smoke Alarms Analysis of the Response
GSM SIM800 module was incorporated in the system of Several Available Technologies in
in order to send sms and call to the occupant of the Residential Fire Settings’, NIST TN 1455-1;
building on any impeding danger so as to combat the NIST Technical Note 1455-1; 2007, pp. 396.
situation on time and to prevent losses.
[6] J. Gerhart, ‘Home Automation and Wiring’
7. REFERENCES McGraw-Hill Professional, 1999, ISBN
[1] L. Zhang and G. Wang, ‘Design and 0070246742.
Implementation of Automatic Fire Alarm
System based on Wireless Sensor Works’, [7] H. Richard, ‘Inside the Smart Home’, Springer,
Proceedings of the International Symposium on 2003, ISBN 1852336889.
Information Processing (ISIP’09), Huangshan, [8] T. Nikola, ‘Method of and apparatus for
2009, pp 410-413. controlling mechanism of moving vessels and
[2] O.H. Kwon, S.M. Cho, and S.M. Hwang, vehicles’, United States Patent and Trademark
‘Design and Implementation of Fire Detection Office, U.S. Patent 613809, 1898.
System. Advanced Software Engineering and

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