Scribd
Upload
309 views4 pages

Automatic Visitor Counter Circuit

This circuit uses two CD4026 decade counter ICs, an LDR, transistor, resistors, and two 7-segment displays to count the number of people entering a room. Whenever a person breaks the light beam between the torch and LDR, the LDR resistance increases, turning on the transistor which sends a clock pulse to the first IC. The IC increments its counter and displays the count on the first display. The carry output of the first IC is connected to the clock of the second IC so that after 9 counts, it increments that IC. This allows counting from 0 to 99 by cascading the ICs and displaying the units on one display and tens on the other.

Uploaded by

hlo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
309 views4 pages

Automatic Visitor Counter Circuit

This circuit uses two CD4026 decade counter ICs, an LDR, transistor, resistors, and two 7-segment displays to count the number of people entering a room. Whenever a person breaks the light beam between the torch and LDR, the LDR resistance increases, turning on the transistor which sends a clock pulse to the first IC. The IC increments its counter and displays the count on the first display. The carry output of the first IC is connected to the clock of the second IC so that after 9 counts, it increments that IC. This allows counting from 0 to 99 by cascading the ICs and displaying the units on one display and tens on the other.

Uploaded by

hlo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Automatic Visitor Counter Circuit

A digital visitor counter is necessary to count how many people entered in to a


party or a conference hall.
Components Required for Automatic Visitor Counter Circuit
1. Two CD4026 ICs (Decade Counter ICs)
2. Transistor (BC547/BC548 – npn transistor ICs)
3. Two LTS543 Common Cathode 7-segment displays (Note: Common Anode
displays can also be used, but connections will be different.)
4. LEDs
5. Resistors (100, 1K, 4.7K, 10K, etc.)
6. POT (100K)
7. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
8. Push-to-on Switch
9. 6V Battery with connector

Simple Automatic Visitor Counter Circuit (counts 0-9)

Fig.1 Simple Automatic Visitor Counter Circuit (counts 0-9) using single 4026 IC
and 7-segment common anode display (Note: Just for understanding, Fig.2 is the
main working circuit)
Working
• The light beam from torch is continually hit on the LDR so the resistance
of LDR is low and the voltage drop across LDR and ground is less than 0.6V.
The threshold voltage 0.6V can be set by varying the POT 100K.
• When a person or an object passes between the light beams, light will not
hit on the LDR so the resistance of LDR becomes high. Then the voltage
across LDR will exceed 0.6V, so the transistor will become ON (BE junction
becomes forward-biased) and start conducting.
• When the transistor is ON, the potential at point A becomes LOW and
when the transistor become OFF, the potential at A will be HIGH. So, as
soon as the person crosses the light beam, a HIGH to LOW voltage
transition occurs at the point A.
• This voltage transition at point A is fed as a signal to the Clock of 4026 IC,
which will start count with the clock and send display signal to the seven
segment display.

Summary: Whenever a person enters the room, the light beam will be
obstructed, causing the resistance of LDR to increase, which will increase the
voltage across LDR, and thus the transistor BE junction will become forward
biased and it will become ON. Transistor will start conducting, which will cause
voltage at point A to change from HIGH to LOW, and this voltage transition will
be taken as an input by the CLK (Clock) Pin of IC 4026, and it will increment the
counter by 1. The new counter value will then show in the Seven Segment
Display.
Cascading of two IC 4026s for getting counts from 0 to 99
We can use two 4026 ICs (let’s say IC1 and IC2) in cascade to get counter values
up to 99.

Fig.2 Automatic Visitor Counter Circuit (counts 0-99) using two 4026 ICs and two
7-segment common cathode displays (Main Working Circuit)

Connections
• Carry-out pin 5 of IC1 is connected to clock pin 1 of IC2 to cascade another
counter. On the next clock after count ‘9,’ it goes high to provide a clock
pulse to IC2, advancing its counter by one. Now IC1 starts all over again.
• DIS1 shows the unit’s digit and DIS2 shows the ten’s digit of the count.
After completion of each cycle, ten’s digit advances by one.
• You can add more CD4026 counters with 7-segment displays for further
extending the display to three digits, four digits, etc. For this, you have to
connect carry-out pin 5 of each CD4026 to clock pin 1 of the next CD4026
as shown in the circuit diagram.
• Pin 15 of both IC1 and IC2 are connected to ground through resistor R5. A
reset switch (S1) is connected to 6V for resetting the display to ‘00.’

Working:
• After receiving the clock pulse, 4026 IC counter advances and 1 will be
displayed on the first seven segment display. When second person enters,
same phenomenon occurs till count reaches 9. When it reaches 9 one
cycle is completed. Pin 5 of IC1 is connected to pin 1 of IC2 to cascade
another 4026 IC. After every 10th pulse, it will go high to provide a clock
pulse to IC2 to advance its counter. That's how we will receive a 1 on 2nd
seven segment display. Unit place number are displayed on display 1 and
tens place numbers are displayed on display 2. After completion of each
cycle of ten, tens place advances by one.
• Please note to connect the pin 3 of both 4026 ICs to supply to switch on
the display. Also connect the pin 15 which is a reset pin to ground so that
when counting reaches to 99 it will reset the counter to zero. Also connect
the pin 2 to ground; if this pin is held high then counter will not advance.

You might also like