10 VI June 2022

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45005
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

A Literature Review on Collision Avoidance in

Vehicles using CAN
Priyanka M G1, Vinod B Durdi2
1, 2
Department of TCE, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, India

Abstract: Technological advances for a great vehicle experience safety system is very important in automobiles. Accidents can
occur anytime, anywhere, so you need to discover and save lives before an accident occurs. Traffic accidents are increasing day
by day, and emergency facilities are not well equipped, resulting in significant loss of human life and property. Technological
advances to make cars more interactive and intelligent to avoid road accidents. This paper states as an extension of the safety
system, a system based on multi-sensor control area network (CAN) is connected to the engine control unit (ECU) via an ARM7
microcontroller. To prevent accidents, we use a variety of sensors to monitor driver fatigue, alcohol levels, obstacle detection,
brake detection, and sudden collisions. GSM and CAN technologies accelerate communications, significantly improve system
reliability, safety and stability, and achieve the expected results of real-time data analysis very effectively, a safer ride is
guaranteed.
Keywords: Automobiles, Control Area Network (CAN), Engine Control Unit (ECU), ARM7 microcontroller, GSM.

I. INTRODUCTION
Accidents increase rapidly as the number of vehicles on the road increases daily. However, due to the Automotive Safety Act and
new technologies in the automotive sector, the number of casualties associated with these accidents is decreasing. Some accidents
are caused due to false estimates of distance from nearby vehicles. Accidents happen when vehicles are very close to each other
while the driver is fallen asleep or when the vehicle is unaware that they are very close. According to the Global Road Safety
Partnership (GRSP) 2014 Annual Report, approximately 1.24 million people worldwide die each year in road accidents.
Approximately 70% of traffic accidents [7][8] occur because the driver does not keep sufficient distance between the moving
vehicles. These can occur during traffic or when driving at high speeds. Other reasons include drivers passing by at different speeds,
the car braking not working, or a signal display error. Therefore, new collision avoidance measures need to be developed to avoid
collisions of all types of vehicles. This document proposes an intelligent vehicle collision avoidance [1] and safety system. The
method presented here uses an ultrasonic sensor [1] which detects that the vehicle is approaching your vehicle and alerts the driver.
The driver is also alerted by LED light which glows red when an obstacle is near and displayed on LCD. Brake detection, alcohol
detection and driver fatigue level are implemented and are alerted through red LED light and displayed on LCD.

II. REVIEW ON VEHICLE COLLISION AND ACCIDENT AVOIDANCE

The following literature survey is carried out with reference to vehicle collision and accident avoidance:

A. Adnan M. Al-Smadi, et al. [1].

This paper proposes a design for detecting an imminent collision and works to prevent or reduce the strength of the imminent
collision at the rear or front of the vehicle. The method presented here uses an ultrasonic sensor. Detects that the driver is
approaching his vehicle and displays an alert to the driver. This system measures the distance between two vehicles moving in the
same lane and in the same direction. If the trajectory of an object is directed at your vehicle and becomes dangerous, the system will
deploy security measures to your vehicle.

B. Mahesh A. Rakhonde, et al. [2].

This document is based on improvements to the intelligent vehicle system. This document implements various units that improve
the vehicle system. The main goal is to detect accidents in real time and minimize medical support response times. Tire pressure is
measured to avoid accidents and accident detection is implemented using MCU nodes. MQ7 is used to monitor pollution. The
proposed system helps reduce vehicle accidents, and monitoring pollution helps to know the state of the environment.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 4559
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

C. P. Ramya, et al. [3].

The purpose of the project is to provide a technical approach to detect and monitor driver fatigue levels to avoid accidents early. Is
to do. The purpose is to detect if the driver is drunk. This locks the vehicle's ignition system. This system controls the direction of
the vehicle when the limit distance is exceeded and avoids accidents. We also send information to relevant authorities or owners
in the event of an accident caused by the use of the GSM module. From observations, we can conclude that there are
three main causes of road accidents: sleep, overtaking, and drinking, which are related to the driver. One of the main reasons for
drunk driving is that not all police officers can check every car to determine if a person is drinking. Therefore, there is a need for an
effective system for screening drunk drivers with alcohol detectors. By connecting the Raspberry Pi and the ultrasonic sensor, it is
possible to detect the forward movement of the vehicle and control the vehicle at a very high speed, or turn left and right according
to the vehicle in another lane to control the direction of the vehicle. In the event of an unavoidable accident, an SMS will be sent to
the relevant authorities or the owner of the vehicle.

D. Aditi Padayar, et al. [4].

The main goal of this project is to develop a system for determining alcohol content. The driver’s air exhales and automatically
turns off the car when the alcohol concentration exceeds the limit. This project uses the 8051 family (89s52) microcontrollers.MQ3
is used as an alcohol sensor in this project, which aims in alcohol content detection in human breathing. The alcohol
sensor outputs analog data that cannot be analyzed by the 8051 micro-controller. The data received from the alcohol sensor is
converted to digital format by a digital converter (analog-to-digital converter). The data is then stored in the microcontroller and
compared to the threshold. If the value exceeds the set limit, the program controller will take appropriate action to control the
ignition system. Here, an electromechanical relay was used to control the ignition system. In this project, by controlling the ignition
system, it is possible to prevent accidents caused by drunk driving and driving.

E. Mubashir Murshed, et al. [5].

Car Accident is considered one of the most devastating phenomena. There are many reasons for a traffic accident, but most
accidents are caused by the driver's carelessness and uncontrolled speed. There also seems to be a problem in getting to
the scene of the accident in time due to lack of awareness. As a solution, the advent of Internet of Things (IoT) technology can
reduce the number of accidents. This article describes an intelligent system that alerts and controls the speed of the vehicle and
notifies people accordingly in the event of an accident. The system uses distance sensors to constantly monitor the distance between
the vehicle and obstacles in front of it. It controls speed and warns the driver to slow down when the critical distance is reached.
Whenever a dangerous accident occurs, an email notification with vehicle details will be sent to the responsible person.

F. Rachia Shettar, et al. [6].

This paper describes three basic circuits for accident prevention and control measures. To do. One is the accelerometer circuit used
to detect drowsiness, and the other is the alcohol sensor circuit used to detect and control the vehicle due to alcohol consumption.
When a single-step accelerometer detects and captures tilting motion, an alarm mechanism controlled by a relay can prevent
accidents due to drowsiness. Similarly, when the alcohol level is read by a higher than the normal sensor, the relay turns off the
vehicle's ignition process. In addition to detecting this brake failure, continuity is also checked if the vehicle owner has not been
warned to prevent a brake failure accident.

III. COMPARISION ON TECHNOLOGIES OF VARIOUS PAPERS USED TO AVOID COLLISION IN VEHICLES

The analysis of different technologies of various papers is compared out in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1
Authors Title Remark
Adnan M. “Intelligent In this article collision avoidance in rear and front of
Al-Smadi, Wasan Automobile Collision vehicles is only detected using ultrasonic sensor.
Al-Ksasbeh, Avoidance and Safety Obstacle detection or collision avoidance is not the
Mohammad System”. only reason for accidents occurrence.
Ababneh, Manar
Al-Nsairat (IEEE,
2020). [1]

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 4560
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

Mahesh A. Rakhonde; Prof. Dr. S. A. ” Vehicle Collision In this document pollution detection is done using
Khoje; Prof. R. D. Komati (IEEE, 2018). Detection and MQ7 and accident detection which is not the only
[2] Avoidance with parameters affecting the road safety, hence further
Pollution Monitoring implementation has to be done like driver fatigue
System Using IoT”. level, obstacle detection through LED lights and
displays alert message through display.
P. Ramya, R.K. Kavi n, R. Rathish, M. “Accident Avoidance In this article, only alcohol detection and
Sathees Kumar, R. Karthi Kumar (IJESC, and Prevention ultrasonic sensors are implemented on the
2020). [3] System”. Raspberry Pi, which slows down
communication between vehicles a bit, which could
lead to an accident.
Aditi Padayar, This paper prevents IoT accidents, which are
Dipali Jadhav, Priti still slow communication for drivers. Alcohol
Pashte, Shweta “Microcontroller- detection is the only parameter implemented in
Lagade, Prof. S. K. based Accident this paper.
Srivastava (JETIR, Prevention System
FEB 2020). [4] Using IOT”.
Mubashir Murshed, In this paper, the brake detection parameters
Md Sanaullah are implemented using IoT. As you know,
Chowdhury (ICATIS, 2019) “IoT-based Car the IoT deals with the Internet. Slow
Accident Prevention internet speeds can delay
and Detection System email notifications and vehicle details, leading to
with Smart accidents.
Brake Control”.

III. CONCLUSION
In this work, a sensor- based collision avoidance system has been proposed. The design is developed using a wireless system. These
systems are designed, implemented and tested for vehicle safety. To improve performance, you need to do a lot of work, including
power consumption, sensor detection speed. The results ana analysis of this hands-on experiment show expected performance and
ensure the safety of drivers and pedestrians, other vehicles, health surveillance and other obstacles. It supports low-cost systems and
provides a fairly flexible and compact single Soc. This design offers more future options for creating security systems more
sophisticated and efficient.

IV. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to acknowledge their colleague for the excellent contributions and discussions on the topics mentioned
above.

REFERENCES
[1] Adnan M. Al-Smadi, Wasan Al-Ksasbeh, Mohammad Ababneh, Manar Al-Nsairat (IEEE, 2020). “Intelligent Automobile Collision Avoidance and Safety
System”.
[2] Mahesh A. Rakhonde; Prof. Dr. S. A. Khoje; Prof. R. D.Komati (IEEE, 2018).” Vehicle Collision Detection and Avoidance with Pollution Monitoring System
Using IoT”.
[3] P. Ramya, R.K. Kavin, R. Rathish, M. Sathees Kumar, R. Karthi Kumar (IJESC, 2020).” Accident Avoidance and Prevention System”.
[4] Aditi Padayar, Dipali Jadhav, Priti Pashte, Shweta Lagade, Prof. S. K. Srivastava (JETIR, FEB 2020). “Microcontroller -based Accident Prevention System
Using IOT”.
[5] Mubashir Murshed, Md Sanaullah Chowdhury (2019) ICATIS." IoT-based Car Accident Prevention and Detection System with Smart Brake Control”.
[6] Rachita Shettar, Sandeep Dabhade, Basavaraj Viraktamath, Amit Dalal, Varsha B Vannur (IJERT, 2015). “Design and Development of Accident Prevention
and Control Systems".
[7] “Road Traffic Injuries”, World Health Organization (WHO), [Online] Available : https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/roadtraffic-injuries
[8] List of countrcou by traffic-related death rate - Wikipedia

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 4561