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The document discusses the balance of nature theory, which suggests that ecological systems exist in a state of equilibrium and stability. Small changes to a population, such as predators consuming prey, are typically corrected by negative feedback loops that restore balance. However, the theory that nature is permanently balanced has been largely discredited, as chaotic population fluctuations are common. The balance can be disrupted by both natural factors like disease, as well as human activities like overhunting and pollution.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
65 views3 pages

ccc'c'3ccc (CCC, C C) C 'C CC (3c C (C) CC C, C C C C cc'c3c4c CC (C (C, C CC) C C 'CC C c3c C (C (C C C'',C

The document discusses the balance of nature theory, which suggests that ecological systems exist in a state of equilibrium and stability. Small changes to a population, such as predators consuming prey, are typically corrected by negative feedback loops that restore balance. However, the theory that nature is permanently balanced has been largely discredited, as chaotic population fluctuations are common. The balance can be disrupted by both natural factors like disease, as well as human activities like overhunting and pollution.

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paolopogi
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CELESTIAL ANGELS -There are angels that receive more interiorly the Divine that goes forth from

the Lord, and others that receive it less interiorly; FURIOUS -exhibiting or goaded by anger (2) : indicative of or proceeding from anger GLEANED -to gather (something) slowly and carefully in small pieces BEARDED - is the collection of hair that grows on the chin, cheeks and neck, but not the upper lip, of human beings. STRUCK -closed by or subjected to a labor strike HUSKS - in botany is the outer shell or coating of a seed. It often refers to the leafy outer covering of an ear of maize (corn) as it grows on the plant. Literally, a husk or hull includes the protective outer covering of a seed, fruit or vegetable. It can also refer to the exuvia of bugs or small animals left behind after moulting. FLAPPING -A flat, usually thin piece attached at only one side. CURSED -So wicked and detestable as to deserve to be cursed COCKFIGHTING - is a blood sport between two roosters (cocks), held in a ring called a cockpit. WHIRLING -. To revolve rapidly about a center or an axis. See Synonyms at turn. . To rotate or spin rapidly: The dancer whirled across the stage. . To turn rapidly, changing direction; wheel: She whirled around to face him. . To have the sensation of spinning; reel: My head is whirling with data. . To move circularly and rapidly in varied, random directions: The wind whirled across the steppes.

The balance of nature is a theory that says that ecological systems are usually in a stable equilibrium (homeostasis), which is to say that a small change in some particular parameter (the size of a particular population, for example) will be corrected by some negative feedback that will bring the parameter back to its original "point of balance" with the rest of the system. It may apply where populations depend on each other, for example in predator/prey systems, or relationships between herbivores and their food source. It is also sometimes applied to the relationship between the Earth's ecosystem, the composition of the atmosphere, and the world's weather. The Gaia hypothesis is a balance of nature-based theory that suggests that the Earth and its ecology may act as co-ordinated systems in order to maintain the balance of nature. The theory that nature is permanently in balance has been largely discredited, as it has been found that chaotic changes in population levels are common, but nevertheless the idea continues to be popular. History of the theory The concept is very old; Nathaniel Esguerra described the relationship between predator and prey species, and commented on how they were in an essentially static balance, with predators never excessively consuming their prey populations. The "balance of nature" concept once ruled ecological research, as well as once governing the management of natural resources. This led to a doctrine popular among someconservationists that nature was best left to its own devices, and that human intervention into it was by definition unacceptable. The balance of nature is how all organisms affect and live with each other in the world. When the plants and animals in an area are kept in balance, this preserves biodiversity. The Basics When there are groups of species that live in one area, those species make a community. A community is made up of many levels. First, there is the producer. Producers are pretty much plants like grass and algae. Producers are eaten by herbivores, and then the herbivore is consumed by the carnivore. There can be many carnivores that eat each other until you get to the biggest animal in the community. The number of organisms, animals, and plants is called a population. To maintain the stability of a population, the combined number of immigrations (moving in) and births must equal the combined number of emigrations (moving out) and deaths. If the number of births and immigrations is larger than the number of deaths and emigrations, the population increases. Conversely, if the number of deaths and emigrations is greater than the number of births and immigrations, the population decreases. If there is a tiny change in a population of one of the organisms in the community, all the other species will react. These reactions normally help maintain the balance of the community and the biodiversity. When overpopulation occurs, many species must fight for food and shelter. For instance, when there gets to be too many rabbits to live in a burrow, they must fight each other for shelter and food.

Maintaining the Balance Predators can often maintain the balance of nature. If the prey species grows rapidly, the predators would have more food, and would decrease the population of the prey. Also, the predators only attack the weak prey so the strong ones can breed and keep the species strong.

Parasites and diseases can reduce a population as well. A bad thing, though, is that most animals adapt to living with these pathogens (diseases and parasites). Stress can happen by being very crowded and can get animals to be very aggressive and fight with each other. Not as many of the species breed and ones that do breed produce minimal litters. Pathogens also spread quicker throughout crowded animals.

Upsetting the Balance Besides natural factors, human factors also can upset the balance of nature. Humans upset the balance through deforestation, pollution, overhunting, and livestock grazing. In the early 1900s, a stable population of deer lived on the Kaibab Plateau in Arizona. Hunters came in and killed all the predators of the deer, and the deer grew at an astounding rate. There was not enough food and many starved. Balance did not return for a long time. Another story that occurred in 1998 was that the population of kelp in the northern Pacific Ocean dropped massively because orcas were raiding sea otters in the kelp beds. This made a boom in the population of sea urchins, the otters, favorite food. The sea urchins ended up eating the kelp, which decreased the population of the kelp.

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