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    Cheat Sheet For Fluid Balance and Electrolytes

    Uploaded by

    Liel Torres
    This document provides a cheat sheet on key electrolytes including potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate. For each electrolyte, it lists the normal range, main function, and symptoms of hyper and hypo conditions. It describes how each electrolyte imbalance can affect things like heart rhythm, muscle function, digestion, and more. The focus is on providing essential information on electrolyte disturbances in a concise yet comprehensive manner.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cheat Sheet For Fluid Balance and Electrolytes

    Uploaded by

    Liel Torres
    171 views2 pages
    This document provides a cheat sheet on key electrolytes including potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate. For each electrolyte, it lists the normal range, main function, and symptoms of hyper and hypo conditions. It describes how each electrolyte imbalance can affect things like heart rhythm, muscle function, digestion, and more. The focus is on providing essential information on electrolyte disturbances in a concise yet comprehensive manner.

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    Cheat Sheet for Fluid Balance and Electrolytes

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    This document provides a cheat sheet on key electrolytes including potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate. For each electrolyte, it lists the normal range, main function, and symptoms of hyper and hypo conditions. It describes how each electrolyte imbalance can affect things like heart rhythm, muscle function, digestion, and more. The focus is on providing essential information on electrolyte disturbances in a concise yet comprehensive manner.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    171 views2 pages

    Cheat Sheet For Fluid Balance and Electrolytes

    Uploaded by

    Liel Torres
    This document provides a cheat sheet on key electrolytes including potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate. For each electrolyte, it lists the normal range, main function, and symptoms of hyper and hypo conditions. It describes how each electrolyte imbalance can affect things like heart rhythm, muscle function, digestion, and more. The focus is on providing essential information on electrolyte disturbances in a concise yet comprehensive manner.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Fluid & Electrolytes Cheat Sheet

    ELECTROLYTE FUNCTION HYPER HYPO


    Potassium 3.5 - 5.0 P - Potassium P - Priority! HYPERkalemia (over 5.0) Hypokalemia (below 3.0)
    Since it P - Pumps the
    heart & muscles Heart - TIGHT & HEART - LOW & SLOW
    CONTRACTED
    1- Flat T waves, ST
    1ST elevation and Peaked T depression, & prominent U
    waves wave MUSCULAR - LOW &
    2 Severe = Vfib or Cardiac SLOW 1 Decreased DTR
    Standstill!
    2- Muscle cramping
    3 Hypotension, Bradycardia
    GI TRACT - TIGHT & 3- Flaccid paralysis
    CONTRACTED (paralyzed limbs) GI - LOW
    1 Diarrhea & SLOW Decreased motility,
    2 Hyperactive bowel sounds hypoactive to absent bowel
    sounds, Constipation
    NEUROMUSCULAR Abdominal distention
    - TIGHT & CONTRACTED Paralytic ileus, paralyzed
    Paralysis in Extremities intestines! *PRIORITY* for
    Increased DTR SBO (small bowel
    Profound Muscle obstruction)
    Weakness, (General Feeling
    of heaviness)
    Sodium 135 - 145 S – Sodium HYPERnatremia (over 145) Hyponatermia (below 135)
    S - Swells the body to HYPONATREMIA -
    maintain: HYPERNATREMIA = BIG & DEPRESSED & DEFLATED
    • Blood pressure BLOATED NEURO = Seizures & Coma
    • Blood Volume HEART = Tachycardia, &
    • pH balance 1. SKIN FLUSH ‘’Red & weak thready pulses
    Rosy’’ EDEMA ‘’waterbed RESPIRATORY ARREST
    skin’’ LOW GRADE FEVER
    2. POLYDIPSIA - EXCESS
    THIRST
    3. LATE SERIOUS -
    SIGN SWOLLEN dry tongue
    GI = nausea & vomiting
    INCREASED muscle tone
    Chloride 97 - 107 Sodium’s side kick HYPERchloremia (over 107) Hypochloremia (below 97)
    Maintains: • Blood NEARLY SAME AS HIGH NEARLY SAME AS LOW
    pressure • Blood Volume SODIUM NAUSEA & SODIUM EXCESSIVE
    • pH balance VOMITING SWOLLEN DRY DIARRHEA, VOMITING,
    TONGUE CONFUSION SWEATING FEVER TEST TIP:
    ONLY DIFFERENCE
    Magnesium 1.3 - M – Magnesium HYPERmagnesemia (over Hypomagnesemia (below
    2.1 M - Mellows the 2.1) 1.3)
    M - Muscles (relaxes)
    1. CARDIAC - CALM & QUIET 1. CARDIAC - BUCK WILD!
    Heart block Prolonged PR EKG: ST depression, T wave
    intervals VITALS = inversion Torsades de
    bradycardia, Hypotension pointes SEVERE = V fib
    2. DEEP TENDON REFLEXES VITALS = Tachycardia
    - CALM & QUIET 2. DEEP TENDON REFLEXES
    Hyporeflexia - Decreased - BUCK WILD! Hyporeflexia -
    DTR increased DTR
    3. LUNGS - CALM & QUIET 3. EYES - BUCK WILD!
    Depressed Shallow Abnormal eye movements
    respirations (nystagmus)
    4. GI - CALM & QUIET 4. GI - BUCK WILD! Diarrhea
    Hypoactive bowel sounds
    Calcium 9.0 - 10.5 Keeps the 3 B’s Strong HYPERcalcemia (over 10.5) Hypocalcemia (below 9.0)
    B - Bone 1. T - Trousseau’s
    B - Blood SWOLLEN & SLOW - T - Twerking arm with BP
    B - Beats (heart) MOANS, GROANS & cuff on
    STONES 1. CONSTIPATION 2. C - Chvostek’s C - Cheek
    2. BONE PAIN smile when touched
    3. STONES Renal Calculi 3. Diarrhea
    (kidney stones) 4. Circumoral tingling
    4. DEEP TENDON REFLEXES 5. Weak bones
    Decreased DTR Severe
    muscle weakness
    Phosphate 3.0 - 4.5 Helps with bone & teeth HYPERphosphatemia (over Hypophosphatemia (below
    formation. Helps 4.5) ‘’LOW CALCIUM’’ 3.0) Swollen & SLOW -
    regulate calcium Ca HIGH MOAN, GROANS & STONES
    = Phosphate LOW Ca 1. TROUSSEAU’S SIGNS
    LOW = Phosphate HIGH 2. CHVOSTEK’S SIGNS 1. CONSTIPATION
    3. DIARRHEA 2. DECREASED DTR &
    4. WEAK B’s SEVERE MUSCLE WEAKNESS
    Strong bones? 3. DECREASED HR, RR 4.
    WEAK! (fractures) INCREASED BP
    Strong blood clotting?
    WEAK! (Risk for bleeding)
    Strong heart beats?
    WEAK! (Cardiac
    dysrhythmias)

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