Compute Services

David Tucker
TECHNICAL ARCHITECT & CTO CONSULTANT
@_davidtucker_ davidtucker.net
Compute Services
A service that enables you to leverage cloud-based
virtual machines for workloads. This could be serving
web content to visitors, running a database, or
calculating statistics from a data set.
 Compute Services on AWS

Amazon EC2 AWS Elastic Beanstalk AWS Lambda

Provides secure and Platform for scaling Enables compute
resizable virtual and deploying web without managing
servers on AWS apps and services servers



 Introducing Amazon EC2 capabilities

Overview Exploring pricing approaches for EC2

instances
Introducing the capabilities of AWS
Elastic Beanstalk
Reviewing use cases for Elastic
Beanstalk
Introducing AWS Lambda

Amazon EC2 Overview

“Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
(Amazon EC2) is a web service that
provides resizable compute capacity
in the cloud. It is designed to make
web-scale computing easier for
developers.”
Amazon Web Services
 Web application hosting

Amazon EC2 Batch processing

Use Cases Web services endpoint

Desktop in the cloud

 Amazon EC2 Concepts

Instance Types Root Device Type

Amazon Machine Image (AMI) Purchase Options

 Defines the processor, memory, and
storage type
Cannot be changed without downtime
Provided in the following categories
- General purpose
Amazon EC2
- Compute, memory, and storage
Instance Types optimized
- Accelerated computing
Pricing is based on instance type
Some instance types have unique
capabilities

 Example EC2 Instance Type Pricing

vCPU Memory Linux Pricing

t3.medium 2 4 GiB $0.0416 per Hour

m5.large 4 16 GiB $0.096 per Hour

c5d.24xlarge 96 375 GiB $4.608 per Hour

p3.16xlarge 64 488 GiB $24.48 per Hour

i3.16xlarge 64 488 GiB $4.992 per Hour

 Root Device Type

Instance Store Elastic Block Store (EBS)

Ephemeral storage that is physically Persistent storage that exists
attached to the host the virtual separately from the host the virtual
server is running on server is running on

 Template for an EC2 instance including

configuration, operating system, and data
AWS provides many AMI’s that can be
Amazon leveraged

Machine AMI’s can be shared across AWS accounts

Image (AMI) Custom AMI’s can be created based on
your configuration
Commercial AMI’s are available in the AWS
Marketplace

Amazon EC2 Purchase Types

 Amazon EC2 Purchase Options

On-Demand Reserved Savings Plan

Spot Dedicated
Reserved Instances
Provides discounts over the on-demand model when you can
commit to a specific period of time. In addition, it provides a
capacity reservation for the specific instance type that you
specify.
 EC2 Reserved Instance Types

Standard Convertible Scheduled

Enables the conversion of Works for a time window
Highest discount, works
attributes, works for you reserve, good for a
for steady workloads
steady workloads predictable workload

 Standard Reserved Instance Cost Models

All Upfront Partial Upfront No Upfront

Part of 1 or 3 year cost is No upfront payment is
Entire cost for the 1 or 3
paid upfront along with a made, but there will be a
year period is paid upfront
reduced monthly cost reduced monthly cost

Maximum Minimum
Savings Upfront Cost





 Similar in concept to reserved instances

Supports compute with EC2, Fargate,
and Lambda
Savings Plans Unlike Reserved Instances, it does not
reserve capacity
Provide savings of up to 72%
Comes in 1 or 3 year terms

Spot instances enable you

to leverage excess EC2
compute capacity.
 Can provide up to 90% discount over
on-demand pricing
There is a market price for instance types
per availability zone called the Spot price
When you request instances, if your bid is
Spot Instances higher than Spot price they will launch
If the Spot price grows to exceed your bid,
the instances will be terminated
Spot instances can be notified 2 minutes
prior to termination

Dedicated Host
The dedicated host pricing model gives you a dedicated physical
server. It will be the most expensive option, but it may be
required for either server software licensing or due to a
compliance requirement.
Amazon EC2 Purchase Options

If you have an instance that is consistent and always needed, you

should purchase a Standard or Convertible Reserved Instance.

If you have batch processing where the process can start and stop
without affecting the job, you should leverage Spot Instances.

If you have an inconsistent need for instances that cannot be

stopped without affecting the job, leverage On-Demand Instances.
Amazon EC2 Purchase Options

If you have specific per-server licensing or if you have a compliance

requirement for a dedicated server, you should use Dedicated Host

If you are leveraging Lambda and/or Fargate alongside EC2 and

want to achieve discounts for 1 or 3 years, choose a Savings Plan

If you have a predictable but not steady workload in EC2, you

should purchase a Scheduled Reserved Instance.
 Reserved Instance EC2 Pricing Example
On-Demand All Upfront Effective Hourly Savings

$213.00 (1 Year) $0.024 (1 Year) $151.42 (1 Year)

t3.medium $0.0416 per Hour
$412.00 (3 Years) $0.015 (3 Years) $681.25 (3 Years)

On-Demand Partial Upfront (1 Yr) Effective Hourly Savings

$12,124 (Upfront)
c5d.24xlarge $4.608 per Hour $2.768 $16118.40 (40%)
$1,010.32 (Monthly)

On-Demand No Upfront (3 Yr) Effective Hourly Savings

i3.16xlarge $4.992 per Hour $1,765.87 (Monthly) $2.419 $22539.48 (52%)









 Spot Instance EC2 Pricing Example
On-Demand Spot Pricing Percentage Savings

t3.medium $0.0416 per Hour $0.0125 per Hour 70%

c5d.24xlarge $4.608 per Hour $0.9122 per Hour 80%

i3.16xlarge $4.992 per Hour $1.4976 per Hour 70%

Launching EC2 Instances
 Launching a new EC2 instance based on
Demo an AWS AMI
Exploring the EC2 launch wizard in the
AWS Console
Configuring EC2 instance to be used as a
web server
Terminating an EC2 instance

AWS Elastic Beanstalk Overview

 AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Automates the process of deploying and

scaling workloads on EC2 (PaaS)
Supports a specific set of technologies
Leverages existing AWS services
Only pay for the other services you
leverage
Handles provisioning, load balancing,
scaling, and monitoring

 Java
.NET
PHP
Node.js Supported Application
Python Platforms
Ruby
Go
Docker

 Elastic Beanstalk Features

Monitoring Deployment

Scaling EC2 Customization

 Deploy an application with minimal
knowledge of other services
Use Cases Reduce the overall maintenance needed
for the application
Few customizations are required

Launching an App on Elastic Beanstalk

 Demo Accessing the sample Elastic Beanstalk
applications
Launching a sample application on Elastic
Beanstalk
Deleting a deployed Elastic Beanstalk
application

AWS Lambda Overview

“AWS Lambda lets you run code
without provisioning or managing
servers. You pay only for the
compute time you consume. You can
run code for virtually any type of
application or backend service - all
with zero administration.”
Amazon Web Services
 AWS Lambda
Enables the running of code without
provisioning infrastructure
Only charged for usage based on
execution time
Can configure available memory from 128
MB to 3008 MB
Integrates with many AWS services
Enables event-driven workflows
Primary service for serverless architecture

 Reduced maintenance
requirements
Enables fault tolerance
without additional work AWS Lambda Advantages
Scales based on demand
Pricing is based on usage

Scenario Review
Scenario 1

Sylvia’s company is in the process of

moving multiple workloads into AWS
One workload is an application that will
be leveraged for at least 5 more years
The organization is looking to be as cost
efficient as possible for its EC2 usage
What EC2 purchase option should be
chosen for this application?

 Scenario 2

Edward is looking to deploy his PHP web

application to a virtual server
He doesn’t have experience managing
EC2 instances on AWS
He needs the ability to scale this
application to meet user demand
What is the best compute option for
Edward based on this criteria?

 Scenario 3

Cindy’s company is transitioning to the

cloud for its data processing workloads
These workloads happen daily and can
start or stop without a problem
This workload will be leveraged for at
least one year
What EC2 purchase option would be the
most cost efficient choice?

Summary
 Introduced Amazon EC2 capabilities
Summary Explored pricing approaches for EC2
instances
Introduced the capabilities of AWS
Elastic Beanstalk
Reviewed use cases for Elastic Beanstalk
Introduced AWS Lambda

Scenario 1

Sylvia’s company is in the process of

moving multiple workloads into AWS
One workload is an application that will
be leveraged for at least 5 more years
The organization is looking to be as cost
efficient as possible for its EC2 usage
What EC2 purchase option should be
chosen for this application?
Solution: All Upfront Reserved - 3 Years

 Scenario 2

Edward is looking to deploy his PHP web

application to a virtual server
He doesn’t have experience managing
EC2 instances on AWS
He needs the ability to scale this
application to meet user demand
What is the best compute option for
Edward based on this criteria?

Solution: AWS Elastic Beanstalk

 Scenario 3

Cindy’s company is transitioning to the

cloud for its data processing workloads
These workloads happen daily and can
start or stop without a problem
This workload will be leveraged for at
least one year
What EC2 purchase option would be the
most cost efficient choice?
Solution: Spot Instances