GRAMMAR REVIEW 2.

MORE OF VERBS AND TENSES

The simple form is used for facts, The continuous form is used for actions
truths, verbs of state, mind in course at a given moment/period in
related verbs (like, hate, doubt) time
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
John had already seen the film so There was a hole in John’s trousers
he didn’t come with us. Related to a fact because he had been fighting.
Had you ever visited a museum (simple)/the duration of an I had been waiting for the bus for an
before you went to Rome? action (continuous) which hour when it finally arrived.
We had lived in London for years precedes a point of time in How long had they been playing tennis
before we could afford to buy a the past when it started raining?
house.
PAST SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS
I visited London last year. I wasn’t watching TV when you called
Did you see John yesterday? me.
I didn’t buy the green dress, I Related to a discernible What were you doing when the accident
bought the red one. point of time in the past. occurred?
Where were you when it started Mary fell off the ladder while she
raining? was painting the ceiling.
John arrived ten minutes ago.

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Have you ever been to London? How long have you been waiting for
I have seen this film three Related to a fact me?
times. (simple)/the duration of an My hands are dirty because I have
John hasn’t finished his homework action (continuous) which been repairing my bicycle.
yet. precedes the present time You look tired! Have you been working
I haven’t been to the cinema this (before now) hard?
week.
PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
I live in London. Simple: something which What is John doing? – He’s washing
Where does John live? is always true, frequency, the car.
We don’t know the answer. habits, facts
Be quiet! I’m studying for my exams.
John hasn’t got a dog. Excuse me. Is anybody sitting here?
Who are you? Continuous: Action now/ I don’t like him, he’s always smoking
Water boils at 100°C. at the moment of when I see him.
They usually go to the cinema speaking. Actions which
once a week. disturb us.
PRESENT SIMPLE (FUTURE) PRESENT CONTINUOUS (FUTURE)
When does school start this year?
It starts in September. Simple: timetable of What time is John leaving? He is
What time is the meeting? It’s at things and events. leaving on the midnight train.
3 p.m. Continuous: People’s John is coming to visit us next week.
Does this shop open today? What are you doing on Saturday
actions arranged for the
No, but it is open tomorrow from morning? I’m going to the park.
future/programs
8 a.m. to 5 p.m. I’m sorry! I can’t help you. I’m
What time does your flight leave? playing tennis with John this
It doesn’t leave until 9.00. afternoon.

FUTURE SIMPLE – Will FUTURE CONTINUOUS

Will you help me(to) open the Don’t phone me this evening. I’ll be
window? Simple: ‘Will’ takes the watching the Cup Final on TV and I
I promise I won’t go there. verb associated to it into
don’t want to be disturbed.
I like it! I’ll buy it. This time next week I’ll be lying on
It will rain in London tomorrow the future. a beach in Italy.
John will be 27 in June. Continuous: at a future John won’t be coming with us because
When you arrive, I’ll meet you. point in time this action he is ill.
I don’t think it will rain. will be ongoing. In a few years’ time a lot of people
If it rains I will cancel the will be working from home.
event.
EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct present tense forms.
have only entered
have been watching
am thinking
have been staying are having
have already seen has bought
have sent are spending
are enjoying want

Exercise 2: Fill with Present Simple or Present Continuous.

am seeing
am thinking
think
looks
am looking
do you like
like
are you tasting
tastes
are you feeling
feels
is
is being
Do you have
am having
are you smelling
smell
Exercise 3: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct present tense forms.

was working didn't have

eats
need I'm staying
Exercise 4: HAVE BEEN TO/ HAVE GONE TO
1. I’ll speak to him tomorrow. He’s been / gone home.
2. Where have you been / gone ? I’ve been waiting here for an hour.
3. I have been / gone to Thailand many times, but the last time I went alone.
4. Maria isn’t here now. She’s been / gone to the hairdresser’s.
5. I’ve been / gone to a lot of concerts this year.
6. I’m responsible for watering the plants because my neighbours have been / gone on holidays.
7. My father’s been / gone to the hospital and they say he is clear.
8. When have you been / gone to the supermarket? I didn’t see you leaving the house.
9. I have always wanted to go to a demonstration because I have never been / gone to one.
10. I haven’t been / gone to the dentist this year. I need to book an appointment for a check-up.
Exercise 5: Write gone or been :
1. He’s not in. He’s gone to play football.
2. Her father’s annoyed with her. She hasn’t _gone to see her grandmother for ages.
3. Sorry I’m so late. I’ve been to look at a new flat.
4. We haven’t gone to Greece. What’s it like ?
5. They’re having a great time in Paris. They’ve been for four months.
6. Have you ever been to China?
7. Tom been to live in Australia.
8. He’s been to the doctor’s and now he’s in bed.
9. It’s a lovely day. My mum and dad have been for a walk.
10. They’re not here. They’ve all _gone out.
11. Have you been to the London Eye in London ?
12. - A: Steve went out about half an hour ago. - B: Oh ? Where’s he gone ?
13. His car isn’t here so I think he’s gone to work.
14. My aunt had to catch a plane. She’s gone _ to the airport.
15. Sarah’s back at home after missing her plane. She’s been to the airport.
16. My parents have been shopping: the fridge is full.
17. Where’s David ? He’s gone to school.
18. They have never been to the zoo.
Exercise 6: Fill in SINCE or FOR.

since
for since
since
for
since
since
for
for
Exercise 7: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct present tense forms.

Have you got are passing

studied am waiting
am trying am writing
have moved are painting are cleaning

haven't seen want

Exercise 8: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct present tense forms.
has already packer
hasn't call leaves
are argue
is always making
looks
puts on think
wears
has been
will see specializes

passed
shooted scored
have you done have been working
have already am planning
planted
Exercise 9: PRESENT SIMPLE or PAST SIMPLE
1. I met your sister when I was at the movie theater Saturday night.
She looks like you. [to meet; to be]
2. Tony didn't do the dishes yet. I asked him to do it after lunch, maybe
he didn't hear _ me. [to do; to ask; to hear / not]
3. Claire moved to Canada three years ago. I miss her very much. [to move]
4. Dan should be more careful. He _ lost his wallet at the mall yesterday. [to lose]
5. Ann is so absent-minded! Do you believe she got the wrong tickets? [to get]
6. Did _ you call _ Sarah yet? She phoned while you were away. [to call;
to phone; to be]
7. I phoned the garage this morning to see if the car isn't ready but they
didn't repair _ it yet. They told me it’ll be ready by the weekend. [to phone;
to be; to repair / not; to tell]
8. When I lived _ in Columbia I used _ to have a Porsche, but since I moved
to Maine I had _ a Mercedes. [to live; to use; to move; to have]
9. Calm down, Lucy! Carl didn't arrive yet, but he may get here soon. [to arrive / not]
10. Paula arrived from Italy this morning. She said _ she wants to see you as
soon as possible. [to arrive / to say]
11. We been _ to Europe several times. It’s always a wonderful trip. [to be]
12. I _ worked _ here for fourteen years, so I think you should listen to me. [to work]
13. Peter retired last year and since then he _
dedicated _ his time to
gardening. [to retire; to dedicate]
14. Emily should go with us. The last time we went there we had a great
time. [to go; to have]
15. When I was in Paris I went_ to the Eifel Tower just because everyone
want _ to visit it. [to be; to go; to visit]
16. I lost _ some weight because I jogged every night after work for
the past three weeks. [to lose; to jog]
17. Philip enrolled to ballet classes. I don’t know if he wants to lose weight or to
shock his family. [to enroll]
Exercise 10: Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or Simple Past Tense.
1. “ (you ever be) to the USA?” “Yes, I (go) there last summer.”
“How long (you stay)?” “A month.” “_ (you like) it?”
2. It (just, stop) raining.
3. “ _ (you take) the dog out yet?” “Yes, I _ (take) him out when I
(come) home.”
4. “Have you got Henry’s new address?” “ (he change) his address? I
(not know). I (send) a letter to him at the old address last week”.
5. I’m not very well. I _ (eat and drink) too much.
6. “My son (not start) work yet, he is still at University.” “How long
(he be) at University?” “He _ (be) there three years. Before that he
(spend) five years at the High School in Park street.
7. “ (you ever be) to Disneyland ?” “Yes, I (go) there last year, when
I (spend) a week in Paris with my children. It _ (be) fantastic.”
8. “ (the kids have) fun at the fair?” “Oh, yes! They (enjoy)
themselves a lot and they (not want) to come back home”.
9. “I can’t drive. I (lose) my glasses. (you see) them
anywhere?” “No, sorry. Perhaps you (leave) them at the theatre.”
10. “I (just make) some tea. Would you like some?” “No, thanks. I
(have) two cups an hour ago and I _ (just have) a coffee with Tim.”
11. “ _ (Tom pass) his driving test?” “ Yes, but he (not receive) his
driving license yet. He (drive) my car twice. He’s a good driver.”
12. “ _ (Joan/ call yet) ?” “Yes, she (ring) three times this
morning and she _ (already ring) twice this afternoon.” “I’m sorry I
(not be) here when she (call). (she leave) a
message?” “Yes, she _ _ (say) that she couldn’t come to the party tonight.” “Oh, what a
pity! I wanted to see her very much, I (not see) her for the last two months.
13. “Where (you be) ?” “I (be) to the cinema with Joe.” “What
(you see) ?” “Murder in Crete. _ (you see) it?” “No, I
(never hear) of it. (you like) it?”
14. “This book sounds interesting. Who (write) it ?” “A new novelist. It already
(sell) 300,000 copies.” “Can I borrow it?” “It’s not mine. It’s Jennifer’s.”
“ (she read) it?” “ I think so”
15. Who (take) my notebook? I (leave) it on this shelf when I
(go) out.
16. “What time (you wake) up this morning?” “At five, and then I
_ (go) for a walk in the woods.” “ I (never wake) up so early in
my life.”
17. “How long is it since you last (see) Julia?” “Well, as a matter of fact I
(meet) her yesterday. She _ _(be) in London for a week.
18. “Hallo Susan. You look very well. What _ (happen) ?” “I __(have)
wonderful news. I (win) a moped !
19. When I (come) to this house, it (be) a very quiet neighborhood but since
then a new housing estate (be) built and it _ (become) very noisy.
20. Nick _ (go) cycling two hours ago and he (not come) back yet.
Exercise 11: Fill in the gaps using either the Present Perfect or the Simple Past (one verb is in
the Past Perfect).
Last week I (meet) an old lady called Cindy. She (be) eighty-two. She
_ (be) a beggar. She (talk) to me and I (hear) the story of
her entire life. I (feel) so sad when she (finish) it that I almost _
(cry). As I (feel) sorry for her, I (give) Cindy some money.
This morning something wonderful and amazing _ (happen) to me. I
(meet) Cindy again, but, my goodness, she (be) different. She told me the following.
“Since you _ (give) me that money my life (change) completely. With
the money you (give) me I _ (buy) a lottery ticket and I _
(win). I (buy) myself a house where I’m living now. I (also buy) some
new clothes, a TV set … you can’t imagine how happy I am!
I (be) so astonished that I couldn’t even say a word. I (follow) her and
… surprise! She (buy) me a yellow Ferrari.
Exercise 12: Put he verb into the correct form, present perfect or past simple.
1. It.....................................................raining for a while, but now it’s raining again (stop)
2. The town is very different now. It...........................................a lot. (change)
3. I did German at school, but I....................................................most of it now. (forget)
4. The police.............................................three people, but later they let them go. (arrest)
5. What do you think of my English? Do you think it.............................................?(improve)
6. A: Are you still reading the paper?
B: No. I.....................................................with it. You can have it. (finish)
7. I.........................................................for a job as a tourist guide, but I wasn’t successful. (apply)
8. Where’s my bike? It.......................................outside the house, but it’s not there now. (be)
9. Look! There’s an ambulance over there. There.............................................an accident. (be)
10. A: Have you heard about Ben? He.........................................................his arm. (break)
B: Really? How …………………… that........................................? (happen)
A: He.........................................off a ladder. (fall)
11. I don’t know where Lisa is?............................................................................(you/ see) her?
12. When I …………………………………..(get) home last night, I.........................................(be)
very tired and I......................................................(go) straight to bed.
13. A:.....................................................(you / finish ) painting the bedroom?
B: Not yet. I’ll finish it tomorrow.
14. George.................................................(not / be) very well last week.
15. Mr. Clark............................................(work) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
16. Molly lives in Dublin. She........................................................(live) there all her life.
17. A:..............................................................(you/go) to the cinema last night?
B: Yes, but it..................................................(be) a mistake. The film
…………………………… (be) awful.
18. My grandfather …………………………(die) before I was born. I......................(never /meet) him.
19. I don’t know Carol’s husband. I.....................................................(never/ meet ) him.
20. A: Is Martin here? B: No, he.............................................................(go ) out.
A: When exactly.........................................................(he / go) out?
B: About ten minutes ago.
21. A: Where do you live? B: In Boston.
A: How long ……………………………………….(you/live) there? B: Five years.
A: Where ……………………………………………(you /live) before that? B: In Chicago.
A: And how long ……………………………………(you /live) in Chicago? B: Two years.

THE END__