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    Rational Numbers Class 8 Notes Maths Chapter 1

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    Lakshit Dayma
    Rational numbers can be written as fractions with integers as the numerator and denominator where the denominator is not equal to 0. Rational numbers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication but not division if the denominator is 0. Rational numbers can be represented on a number line with positive numbers to the right of 0 and negative numbers to the left. Between any two rational numbers there are an infinite number of other rational numbers that can be found.

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    Rational Numbers Class 8 Notes Maths Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Lakshit Dayma
    431 views6 pages
    Rational numbers can be written as fractions with integers as the numerator and denominator where the denominator is not equal to 0. Rational numbers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication but not division if the denominator is 0. Rational numbers can be represented on a number line with positive numbers to the right of 0 and negative numbers to the left. Between any two rational numbers there are an infinite number of other rational numbers that can be found.

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    Rational numbers can be written as fractions with integers as the numerator and denominator where the denominator is not equal to 0. Rational numbers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication but not division if the denominator is 0. Rational numbers can be represented on a number line with positive numbers to the right of 0 and negative numbers to the left. Between any two rational numbers there are an infinite number of other rational numbers that can be found.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    431 views6 pages

    Rational Numbers Class 8 Notes Maths Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Lakshit Dayma
    Rational numbers can be written as fractions with integers as the numerator and denominator where the denominator is not equal to 0. Rational numbers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication but not division if the denominator is 0. Rational numbers can be represented on a number line with positive numbers to the right of 0 and negative numbers to the left. Between any two rational numbers there are an infinite number of other rational numbers that can be found.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Rational Numbers Class 8 Notes

    Maths Chapter 1
    October 28, 2020 by Sastry CBSE

    CBSE Class 8 Maths Notes Chapter 1 Rational Numbers Pdf free download is part
    of Class 8 Maths Notes for Quick Revision. Here we have given NCERT Class 8
    Maths Notes Chapter 1 Rational Numbers.

    CBSE Class 8 Maths Notes Chapter 1 Rational


    Numbers
    Rational Number: A number is called rational if we can write the number in the form
    of pq, where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0
    i.e., 1 = 11, 2 = 21, 0 = 01 and 58 , −314 , 7−15 are all rational numbers.
    Between two rational numbers x and y, there exists a rational number x+y2
    We can find countless rational numbers between two rational numbers.

    −xy is called the additive inverse of xy and vice-versa.


    yx is called the multiplicative inverse or reciprocal of xy.
    Rational number 0 is the additive identity for all rational numbers because a number
    does not change when 0 is added to it.

    Rational number 1 is the multiplicative identity for all rational numbers because on
    multiplying a rational number with 1, its value does not change.

    Rational numbers can be represented on a number line.

    Properties on Rational Numbers


    (i) Closure Property
    Rational numbers are closed under :

    Addition

    which is a rational number.


    Subtraction

    are rational numbers.

    Multiplication:

    are rational numbers.

    Rational numbers are closed under addition subtraction and multiplication.

    Division : eq. −35÷23=−910, which is also a rational number. For any rational number
    a, a ÷ 0 is not defined. So, rational number are not closed under division.
    However, if we exclude zero then the rational numbers are closed under division.
    (ii) Commutativity:
    Addition: Two rational numbers can be added in any order, i.e., commutativity holds
    for rational numbers under addition, i.e., for any two rational number a and b, a + b =
    b + a.

    Subtraction:

    Hence, subtraction is not associative for rational numbers.


    (iii) Multiplication: Multiplication is commutative for rational numbers. In general, a ×
    b = b × a, for any two rational numbers a and b.

    Division:

    Hence, division is not Cumulative for rational numbers.

    (iii) Associativity:
    Addition:

    So, addition is associative for rational numbers, i.e., for any three rational numbers a,
    b and c, a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c.

    Subtraction:

    Hence, subtraction is not associative for rational numbers.

    Multiplication:

    So, multiplication is associative for rational number, i.e., for any three rational
    numbers a, b and c, a × (b × c) = (a × b) × c.
    Division:

    Hence, the division is not associative for rational numbers.

    Distributivity of multiplication over addition for rational number : For all rational
    numbers a, b and c, a(b + c) = ab + ac

    Distributivity of multiplication over subtraction for rational number: For any three
    rational numbers a, b and c, a (b – c) = ab – ac
    eg. Let 12, −25 an −310 are any three rational numbers, then

    The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, ………. are called natural numbers.

    If we add 0 to the collection of natural numbers, what we get is called the collection
    of whole numbers.

    Thus, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, are whole numbers.

    Natural numbers are also known as positive integers. If we put a negative sign
    before each positive integer, we get negative integers. Thus, -1, -2,
    -3, -4, ………. are negative integers. A number of the form pq, where p and q are
    integers and q ≠ 0 is called a rational number. All the above types of numbers are
    needed to solve various types of simple algebraic equations.
    Properties of Rational Numbers
    The list of properties of rational numbers can be given as follows:

     Closure
     Commutativity
     Associativity
     The role of zero (0)
     The role of 1
     Negative of a number
     Reciprocal
     Distributivity of multiplication over addition for rational numbers.

    Distributivity of Multiplication Over Addition for Rational Numbers


    For all rational numbers a, b and c,
    a(b + c) = ab + ac
    a(b – c) = ab – ac.

    Representation of Rational Numbers on the Number Line

     We draw a line.
     We mark a point O on it and name it 0. Mark a point to the right of 0. Name it 1.
    The distance between these two points is called unit distance.
     Mark a point to the right of 1 at unit distance and name it 2.
     Proceeding in this manner, we can mark points 3, 4, 5,
     Similarly we can mark – 1, – 2, – 3, – 4, – 5, ……… to the left of 0. This line is
    called the number line.
     This line extends indefinitely on both sides.

    The positive rational numbers are represented by points on the number line to the
    right of O whereas the negative rational numbers are represented by points on the
    number line to the left of O.

    Any rational number can be represented on this line. The denominator of the rational
    number indicates the number of equal parts into which the first unit has been divided
    whereas the numerator indicates as to how many of these parts are to be taken into
    consideration.

    Rational Numbers Between Two Rational Numbers


    We can find infinitely many rational numbers between any two given rational
    numbers. We can take the help of the idea of the mean for this purpose.

    We hope the given CBSE Class 8 Maths Notes Chapter 1 Rational Numbers Pdf free
    download will help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Class 8 Maths Notes
    Chapter 1 Rational Numbers, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at
    the earliest.

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