Chapter

15
Rotation: Rock and Roll
Rotation plus translation 
Here a p is not the total acceleration of P. It is only
Consider a wheel rolling on ground, as shown.
F tangential component of total acceleration.

Uniform pure rolling

By uniform pure rolling we mean that v and ω are constant.
They are neither increasing nor decreasing.
zz Uniform pure rolling on the ground:
zz Consider a disc which is rolling
with velocity of centre of mass
vCOM and its angular velocity
about centre of mass is ω.
     
vP , COM = vP − vCOM ⇒ vP = vCOM + vP , COM
where vP , COM = r ω, vP = velocity of point P w.r.t ground
vP = vQ . But vP = v − Rω and vQ = 0
zz Consider a wheel which is rolling
with acceleration of centre of mass ∴ v − Rω = 0 ⇒ v = Rω
aCOM and angular acceleration α zz Uniform pure rolling on a base moving with velocity v0
about COM. The acceleration of Here also, vP should be equal to vQ.
point P w.r.t ground is given by
   
aP = aCOM + aP , COM + ar where aP, COM = r α

Pure rolling
In rolling two cases are possible.
zz Rolling of the body with point of contact sliding (slipping) vP = v − Rω ,
on the surface on which it rolls. vQ = v0
Rolling without sliding (slipping): pure rolling vP = vQ ⇒ v − Rω = v0 (Here v ≠ Rω)
zz

¾¾ Consider a wheel which has pure rolling motion on

the surface which has zz Speed of a point on the circumference of a body which is
acceleration a and velocity v at pure rolling on ground:
any instant as shown in the
figure. For pure rolling, velocity
of point P w.r.t Q and
acceleration of point P w.r.t Q
should be zero. vPC = Rω ⇒ vPC = v [∵ in pure rolling v = Rω]
    
i.e., vPQ = vP − vQ = 0 ⇒ vP = vQ
∴ vP = v + v + 2 v cos(180 − θ) = 2 v (1 − cos θ)
2 2 2 2
 
aQ = a in forward direction. ∴ a p = a in forward
θ θ
direction. = 2v 2 .2 sin 2 = 2v sin
2 2
15.2  Physics

Accelerated pure rolling Kinetic energy of a body in combined rotation

In accelerated pure rolling “on ground”, in addition to and translation
v = Rw at every instant of time, linear acceleration = R × angular 1 1
K= I COM ω2 + M v02 = K R + KT
acceleration or a = R α 2 2
where KR = Rotational kinetic energy and KT = Translational
Constraint relations in rotatory motion kinetic energy
This concept is nothing but application of Newton’s zz In case of pure rolling on stationary ground.
2nd law (F = ma and τ = I α) in general plane motion
KR KR 1
(translation + rotation) ¾¾ = 1 for a ring ÿ = for a disc
KT KT 2
Procedure KR 2
(i) Draw the F.B.D of each and every body of the system. ¾¾ = for a solid sphere
KT 5
(ii) Apply F = ma for each body
(iii) Apply τ = I α if it is rotating. ΚR 2
¾¾ = for a hollow sphere
(iv) In this step two cases are possible. KT 3
Example:
zz P and S are points on string. Q and R are points on pulley.
Work done by friction in pure rolling on a stationary
For pure rolling ground is zero as the point of application of the
aP = aQ F force is at rest. So, mechanical energy is conserved
if all other dissipative forces are ignored.
But aP = a and aQ = Rα
Instantaneous axis of rotation (IAOR)
∴ a = Rα The combined effects of translation of COM and rotation about
an axis through the COM are equivalent to a pure rotation with
Also aR = aS ⇒ Rα = a the same angular speed about an axis passing through a point
zz The rolling (without slipping) of a rigid body on a string of zero velocity. Such an axis is called the instantaneous axis of
which is fixed: rotation (IAOR). This axis is always perpendicular to the plane
used to represent the motion and the intersection of the axis
=
String is fixed here. aP 0= [∵ a A 0] with the plane defines the location of instantaneous centre of
For pure rolling aP = aQ zero velocity (IC).
But aQ = a − Rα
∴ a − Rα = 0 ⇒ a = Rα
(v) Solve the equations obtained.

Rolling on rough inclined plane

mg sin θ g sin θ
f = and a = =
mR 2 I
1+ 1+
I mR 2
Further, the force of friction calculated in
above equation, for pure rolling to take place,
should be less than or equal to maximum Rotation + translation = pure rotation about IAOR passing
friction µ mg cos θ. through IC
mg sin θ tan θ 1 2 1 1
or ≤ µ mg cos θ or µ ≥ KE = mvcom + I COM ω2 ⇒ KE = I IAOR ω2
mR 2 mR 2 2 2 2
1+ 1+
I I Angular momentum of a rigid body in
a = g sin θ if surface is smooth. combined rotation and translation
a = g sin θ − µg cos θ if surface is rough but Let O be a fixed point in an inertial frame
friction is insufficient to prevent slipping. (forward of reference. Angular momentum of the
slipping takes place)    
g sin θ body about O is L = Lcom + m(r0 × v0 )
F a= if pure rolling takes place

I LCOM = angular momentum of the body
1+
mR 2  as seen from COM frame.
m(r0 × v0 ) = angular momentum of
i.e., friction is sufficient to prevent slipping. centre of mass about point O.
 Rotation: Rock and Roll

Rolling
25 10
(c) Rg (d) Rg
1. A ring of radius R rolls without slipping on a rough 7 7
horizontal surface with a constant velocity. The radius
of curvature of the path followed by any particle of the 4. A thin-walled pipe rolls along the floor. What is the ratio
ring at the highest point of its path will be: of its translational kinetic energy to its rotational kinetic
energy about the central axis parallel to its length?
3
(a) 1 (b)
2
2 4
(c) (d)
3 3

(a) R (b) 2R 5. A body of radius R and mass m is rolling smoothly with

(c) 4R (d) none of these speed v on a horizontal surface. It then rolls up a hill to
a maximum height h. If h = 3v2/4g, what might the body
2. A basketball rolls a ramp sloping upward without be?
slipping, with its center of mass moving at a certain
(a) a solid circular cylinder
initial speed. A block of ice of the same mass is set
(b) a hollow circular cylinder
sliding up the ramp with the same speed along a parallel
line. Which object will travel farther up the ramp? (c) a solid circular sphere
(a) basketball (d) a hollow circular sphere
(b) the ice block 6. What is the ratio of total kinetic energy and translation
(c) they will travel equally far up the ramp kinetic energy of rolling body of radius R and radius of
(d) cannot be decided gyration k?
R
3. A uniform solid sphere of radius r = is placed on
5 R
the inside surface of a hemispherical bowl with radius
R(=5r). The sphere is released from rest at an angle
q = 37° to the vertical and rolls without slipping (figure).
The angular speed of the sphere when it reaches the
bottom of the bowl is K Ê R2 ˆ K Ê k2 ˆ
(a) total = Á1 + 2 ˜ (b) total = Á1 + 2 ˜
K trans Ë k ¯ K trans Ë R ¯

K k2 K total R 2
(c) total = 2 (d) =
R
K trans R K trans k 2
q
7. A solid sphere of mass m and radius r is released from
r
rest from the given position. If it rolls without sliding on
the circular track of radius R, its speed when it reaches
its lowest position will be
R

20 40
(a) Rg (b) Rg
7 7
 2 Physics

8 10 Ê r ˆ Ê rˆ
(a) g ( R - r ) (b) g ( R - r ) (a)
 Á1 + ˜ (b)
Á2 + ˜
7 7 Ë 2R ¯ Ë R¯
10 5 Ê rˆ Ê 2r ˆ
(c) g ( R - r ) (d) g ( R - r ) (c)  Á1 + ˜
 Á 1 + ˜ (d)
9 7 Ë R¯ Ë R¯
8. A plate of mass m is placed on a solid and hollow spheres 12. A hollow smooth uniform sphere A of mass ‘m’ rolls
each of mass m. If the speed of the plate is v, assuming without sliding on a smooth horizontal surface. It
pure rolling of the spheres with all contacting surfaces, collides elastically and head-on with another stationary
the kinetic energy of the system (spheres + plate) will be smooth solid sphere B of the same mass m and same
m
v
radius. The ratio of kinetic energy of ‘B’ to that of ‘A’
just after the collision is:
v/2 v/2 A B
v0/R
V0

43 33 2
(a) mv 2 (b) mv
50 50
43 53 2 (a) 5 : 2 (b) 1 : 1
(c) mv 2 (d) mv
60 60 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 2
9. A body rolls without slipping. The radius of gyration of 13. A rolling object rolls without slipping down an inclined
the body about an axis passing through its centre of mass plane (angle of inclination q), then the minimum
is K. The radius of the body is R. The ratio of rotational acceleration it can have is
kinetic energy to translational kinetic energy is 2 g sin q
(a) g sin q (b)
K2 R2 3
(a) 2 (b) g sin q
R K 2 + R2 (c) (d) zero
2
K2 14. A uniform disc of mass m is fitted (pivoted smoothly)
(c) 2 (d) K2 + R2
K + R2 with a rod of mass m/2. If the bottom of the rod is pulled
10. A cylindrical drum, pushed along by a board rolls forward with a velocity v, it moves without changing its angle
on the ground. There is no slipping at any contact. The of orientation and the disc rolls without sliding. The
distance moved by the man who is pushing the board, kinetic energy of the system (rod + disc) is
when axis of the cylinder covers a distance L will be
L m
m/2
v

mv 2 mv 2
(a) L (b) 2L (a) (b)
4 2
(c) pL (d) 8 pL
5mv 2
11. A bobbin is pushed along on a rough stationary (c) (d) mv2
horizontal surface as shown in the figure. The board is 16
kept horizontal and there is no slipping at any contact 15. A rigid body of radius R, either hollow or solid, lies
points. The distance moved by the board when distance on a smooth horizontal surface. The body is pulled by
moved by the axis of the bobbin is  is a horizontal force acting tangentially from the highest
B
point. The distance travelled by the body in the time in
which it makes one full rotation is the same that it will
R r
make in one full rotation during pure rolling. The rigid
body will be
(a) solid sphere (b) hollow sphere
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 3

(c) circular disc (d) hollow cylinder 19. A rigid body undergoing uniform pure rolling
16. A ball is rolling without slipping in a spiral path down encounters horizontal tracks AB and BC as shown. AB
the inner surface of a hollow fixed cone whose axis is is a smooth layer of ice and BC is a rough surface with
vertical. The work done by the inner surface of the cone m = 1. Both AB and BC are rigid tracks. Which of the
on the ball is following statements are correct?

A B C
ICE
(1) The body will slow down over BC.
(2) The body will start slipping on AB.
(3) The body remains in pure rolling over the whole
stretch AC.
(a) positive (b) zero (4) The angular velocity of the body remains constant
(c) negative (d) Impossible to determine over the whole stretch AC.
17. As shown in the figure, S is a point on a uniform disc (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3
rolling with uniform angular velocity on a fixed rough (c) 2 and 4 (d) 3 and 4
horizontal surface. The only forces acting on the disc 20. A spool is resting on a horizontal rough table. Forces
are its weight and contact forces exerted by horizontal F1, F2 and F3 are applied separately as shown. F1, F2,
surface. Which graph best represents the magnitude of F3 all are applied tangentially to the inner circle. F1 is
the acceleration of point S as a function of time? horizontal, F3 is vertical and F2 is passing through the
point of contact of spool and table. The correct statement
is [Assuming that there is no sliding]
F3
s F2
Magnitude of

Magnitude of
Acceleration

Acceleration

F1
(a) (b)

(a) when F3 is applied the centre of mass will move to

Time Time the right.
(b) when F2 is applied the centre of mass will move to
Magnitude of
Acceleration
Magnitude of
Acceleration

the left.
(c) (d) (c) when F1 is applied the centre of mass will move to
the right.
(d) when F2 is applied the centre of mass will move to
Time Time the right.
18. A disc of mass m and radius r is placed on a rough 21. A solid sphere of radius R starts rotating on rough
horizontal surface. A cue of mass m hits the disc at a horizontal surface with translational velocity V0 and
height r/2 from the axis passing through centre and 2V
initial angular velocity w 0 = 0 . The sphere starts
parallel to the surface, as shown. The cue stops and falls 3R
down after the impact. The disc starts its motion as: pure rolling after some time t. Find the angle by which
sphere rotates up to the instant at which pure rolling
h starts, if V is the translational velocity at pure rolling.
Assume uniformly accelerated motion upto start of pure
rolling:
(a) pure rolling 33 Vt 37 Vt
(a) (b)
(b) rolling with forward slipping 38 R 38 R
(c) rolling with backward slipping 31 Vt 29 Vt
(c) (d)
(d) pure slipping 38 R 37 R
 4 Physics

22. In the previous problem, if S is the distance covered by 27. In figure, a sphere of radius 2 m rolls on a plank. The
the sphere in rotational motion up to the instant at which accelerations of the sphere and the plank are indicated.
pure rolling starts, find the velocity (translational) of the Find the value of a (in rad/s2).
sphere during the pure rolling.
33 S 37 S
(a) (b) 2m
38 t 38 t
31 S 38 S a2 = 4 m/s
(c) (d)
38 t 33 t
z a1 = 2 m/s2
23. A plate of mass m is placed on a frictionless surface.
The plate is connected to block of mass M through a
rope over a massless pulley. A cylinder of mass m is 28. We apply a force of 10 N on a cord wrapped around
placed on the plate which rolls without slipping. Find a solid cylinder of mass 20 kg as shown. The cylinder
the frictional force acting on the cylinder. rolls without slipping on the floor. If its kinetic energy
(in joule) after 6 s is 12K, then find the value of K.
m F

29. Find the acceleration of the body (in m/s2) if a force

F =  8 N pulls the string at P that passes over the body
and it is connected by another string to a rigid support
( M + m) g mg 2
(a) (b) at Q. (Take radius of gyration k = m, R = 2 m, r = 1 m,
6 6 3
and mass of the body m = 3 kg)
Mmg 2( M + m) g
(c) (d)
3( M + 2m) 3
24. A disc is performing pure rolling on a smooth stationary R
surface with constant angular velocity as shown in the r
F
figure. At any instant, for the lower most point of the P
Q
disc
v/R
30. A cotton reel rolls without sliding such that the point
P of the string has velocity v = 6 m/s. If r = 10 cm and
R v
R = 20 cm, then the velocity (in m/s) of its centre C is
P
(a) velocity is v, acceleration is zero
(b) velocity is zero, acceleration is zero C R
v = 6 m/s
2 r
v
(c) velocity is v, acceleration is
R
v2
(d) velocity is zero, acceleration is 31. A cylinder A rolls without slipping on a plank B. The
R
velocities of center of the cylinder and that of the plank
25. A solid sphere and a disc of same mass and radius starts are 4 m/s and 2 m/s respectively in the same direction,
rolling down a rough inclined plane, from the same with respect to the ground. The angular velocity (in
height, the ratio of the time taken in the two cases is rad/s)of the cylinder if its radius is 1 m is:
x
. Find (x + y).
y A
26. A ball of mass 0.2 kg and radius 0.5 m starting from rest
B
rolls down a 30° inclined plane. Find the time in second
it would take to cover 7 m. horizontal floor
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 5

Instantaneous Axis of Rotation 3

(b) m from center of rod
2p
32. A rod ‘AB’ of length l leaning against a smooth vertical
wall and smooth horizontal surface. Now lower end ‘A’ 1
(c) m from center of rod
of the rod is pulled with a constant velocity v (say). In p
consequence, the upper end start sliding against the 3
wall and the rod rotates in the vertical plane. Find the (d) m from center of rod
p
angular velocity of the rod when it makes angle q with
vertical. 35. A cylinder is rolling without sliding over two horizontal
planks (surfaces) 1 and 2. If the velocities of the surfaces
A and B are - viˆ and 2viˆ respectively. The angular
velocity of the cylinder is
2
2v
R

1
v
v v cos q
(a) (b)
l cos q l 3v 3v
(a) anticlockwise (b) clockwise
v sin q 2R 2R
(c) v (d)
l sin q l 5v 5v
(c) anticlockwise (d) clockwise
33. The end A of a rod of length l when it moves with a 3R 3R
 36. A uniform bar of length  and mass m stands vertically
velocity v A = v iˆ. If the rod rotates with an angular
 v touching a vertical wall (y-axis). When slightly
velocity w = - kˆ, the instantaneous axis of rotation displaced, its lower end begins to slide along the floor
2l
is located (x-axis). The expression for angular velocity (w) of the
bar as a function of θ is (Neglect friction everywhere).
A
v

y
w

x q
(a) at a distance l from A
(b) at a distance 2l from A 3g (1 - sin q ) 3g (1 + sin q )
(a) (b)
(c) at a distance 1.5l from A  
(d) at a distance 2.5l from A
3g (1 - sin q ) 2 g (1 - sin q )
34. Shown in the figure is a rod which moves with (c) (d)
2 3
v = 2 m/sec and rotates with w = 2p rad/sec. The
instantaneous axis of rotation is 37. The string of a step rolling wheel is pulled by applying
force F with different lines of action in two situations as
shown. The wheel starts rolling without slipping due to
application of the force.

ω v F

2 I II
(a) m from center of rod
3p
 6 Physics

(a) The wheel rolls to the right in situation I and to the angular momentum of the sphere about the point of
left in situation II. contact is
(b) The wheel rolls to the left in situation I and to the 4 9
(a) Mv0 R(- kˆ ) (b) Mv0 R(- kˆ )
right in situation II. 5 5
(c) The wheel rolls to the right in both situations. 8 7
(d) The wheel rolls to the left in both situations. (c) Mv0 R (- kˆ ) (d) Mv0 R (- kˆ )
5 5
38. A rod of length l is given two velocities v1 and v2 in 42. A ring of mass m and radius R is rolling down a rough
opposite directions at its two ends at right angles to the inclined plane of angle q with horizontal. Plot the angular
length. The distance of the instantaneous axis of rotation momentum of the ring about the point of contact of ring
from v1 is and the plane as a function of time:
v1
(a) zero (b) l L L
v1 + v2
v2 l l
(c) (d) (a) (b)
v1 + v2 2
39. A hoop rolls on a horizontal ground without slipping
with linear speed v. Speed of a particle P on the circum- t t
ference of the hoop at angle q is L L

(c) (d)
V

P t t
43. The angular momentum of the disc which spins with
θ  3v 
(a) 2v sin   (b) v sin q w = kˆ and its CM moves with a velocity v = viˆ
R
2
about O will be
y
θ
(c) 2v cos   (d) v cos q
2 3v
w= R
disc
40. A rod AB of length 5 m which remains in the same v
vertical plane has its ends A and B constrained to m
remain in contact with a horizontal floor and a vertical R
wall respectively. If the point A has a velocity of 3 x
m/s rightward, the coordinate of instantaneous axis of O
rotation is (x, y) m. Find (x + y).
3mvR mvR ˆ
y (a) kˆ (b) k
2 2
3mvR ˆ mvR ˆ
(c) - k   (d) - k
B 2 2
44. A uniform rod AB of mass m and length l is at rest on
5m
a smooth horizontal surface. An impulse J is applied
to the end B perpendicular to the rod in horizontal
37° vA = 3 m/s direction. Speed of particle P at a distance l/6 from the
x
p m
A center towards A of the rod after time t = is
12 J
Angular Momentum of Rotation Plus Translation J J
(a)
2 (b)
41. A sphere of mass M rolls without slipping on a rough m 2m
surface with centre of mass has constant speed v0. If J J
mass of the sphere is m and its radius be R, then the (c) (d)
2
m m
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 7

45. A billiard ball is hit by a cue at a height h above that L

center. It acquires a linear velocity v0. Mass of the ball
is m and radius is r. The angular velocity ω0 acquired by
the ball is
2v h 5v0 h m
(a) 0 (b)
5r 2
2r 2 (a) m = 2M (b) m=M
2v r 2 5v0 r 2 (c) m = M/2 (d) m = M/4
(c) 0 (d)
5h 2h 50. A uniform rod of length l is pivoted at point A. It is
struck by a horizontal force which delivers an impulse
46. An impulse J is applied on a ring of mass m along a line
J at a distance x from point A as shown in the figure,
passing through its centre O. The ring is placed on a
impulse delivered by pivot is zero if x is equal to
rough horizontal surface. The linear velocity of centre
A
of ring once it starts rolling without slipping is
J
O
x

J
(a) J/m (b) J/2m l l
(a) (b)
(c) J/4m (d) J/3m 2 3
47. A thin uniform rod of length L is initially at rest w.r.t. 2l 3l
(c) (d)
an inertial frame of reference. The rod is given impulse 3 4
at one end perpendicular to its length. How far does the
51. A homogenous rod of length l = hx and mass M is lying
centre of mass translate while the rod completes one
on a smooth horizontal floor. A bullet of mass m hits
revolution about its centre of mass?
the rod at a distance x from the middle of the rod at a
Lp Lp velocity v0 perpendicular to the rod and comes to rest
(a) (b)
3 2 after collision. If the velocity of the farther end of the rod
Lp Lp just after the impact is in the opposite direction of v0, then
(c) (d) (a) h > 3 (b) h < 3
4 5
48. AB is a horizontal diameter of a ball of mass m = 0.4 kg (c) h > 6 (d) h < 6
and radius R = 0.10 m. At time t = 0, a sharp impulse 52. A solid sphere of mass M and radius r slips on a rough
is applied at B at angle of 45° with the horizontal, as horizontal plane. At some instant it has translational
shown in figure so that the ball immediately starts to velocity v0 and rotational velocity about the centre
move with velocity v0 =10 ms–1. v0/2r. The translational velocity after the sphere starts
pure rolling is

45° w = v0/2r
A
B
v0
r
F A
The angular velocity of ball just after impulse provided is
(a) 250 rad sec–1 anticlockwise (a) 6v0/7 in forward direction
(b) 250 rad sec–1 clockwise (b) 6v0/7 in backward direction
(c) 150 rad sec–1 anticlockwise (c) 7v0/6 in forward direction
(d) 150 rad sec–1 clockwise (d) 7v0/6 in backward direction
49. A stick of length L and mass M lies on a frictionless 53. A spherical ball of radius r initially at rest on a rough
horizontal surface on which it is free to move in any horizontal surface is hit horizontally at a point at
way. A ball of mass m moving with speed v collides a distance x above the central line. Due to this sharp
elastically with the stick as shown in the figure. If after impulse the centre of the ball acquires a velocity vc.
the collision the ball comes to rest, then what should be After some time, the ball will start pure rolling with a
the mass of the ball? velocity equal to
 8 Physics

5 Èx+r˘ 60. A solid sphere of mass m = 2 kg and radius R = 5 m is hit
2 Èx+r˘
(a) vc Í (b) vc by a cue at height h above the center of sphere. The cue
7 Î r ˙˚ 7 ÍÎ r ˙˚ applies a force F = 4 N and the contact period is small
5 Èx+r˘ 2 Èx+r˘ time t. Find the value of h (in m) so that the sphere rolls
(c) vc Í ˙ (d) vc without slipping after removal of force.
7 Î x ˚ 7 ÍÎ x ˙˚
Friction in Rolling
54. A sphere rolls without slipping on a rough horizontal
surface with centre of mass speed v0. If mass of the 61. A uniform solid disk rolling down an incline making
sphere is M and its radius is R, then what is the angular angle θ with the horizontal. The minimum coefficient of
momentum of the sphere about the point of contact? friction required to maintain pure rolling motion for the
5 7 disk is
(a) Mv0 R (b) Mv0 R
2 5 Ê2 ˆ Ê1 ˆ
3 1
(a) ÁË 3 tan q ˜¯
ÁË 3 tan q ˜¯ (b)
(c) Mv0 R (d) Mv0 R
5 2
Ê2 ˆ Ê1 ˆ
55. A solid sphere is set into rotation at an angular velocity (c) ÁË 5 tan q ˜¯ (d) ÁË 2 tan q ˜¯
and it is then placed on a rough horizontal surface.
The ratio of distances covered by rotational and 62. What should be the minimum coefficient of static
translational motions up to the start of the pure rolling friction between the plane and the cylinder, for the
is (Assume uniformly accelerated motion up to start of cylinder not to slip on an inclined plane?
pure rolling): 1 1
(a) sin q (b) tan q
56. A solid sphere of mass M and radius r slips on a rough 3 3
horizontal plane. At some instant it has translational 2 2
velocity v0 and rotational velocity about the centre (c) sin q (d) tan q
3 3
v0/2r. The translational velocity after the sphere starts
xv 63. A ring of mass M and radius R is released on an inclined
pure rolling is 0 in forward direction. Find (x + y). 1
y plane as shown. If the coefficient of friction m < tan q ,
ω = V0 /2r then during a displacement : 2

r V0
F A
q
57. A circular disc of mass m and radius R is set into motion (a) acceleration of the ring is zero
on a horizontal floor with a linear speed v in the forward
v (b) acceleration of the ring = g sin q – mg cos q
direction and an angular speed ω = in clockwise (c) work done by the force of friction
R
direction as shown in figure. The magnitude of the total = mgl (sin q – m cos q)
angular momentum of the disc about bottommost point O (d) work done by the force of friction is zero
of the disc is amvR. Find a.
64. A cylinder is rolling without slipping on a horizontal
58. A thin uniform rod of mass M = 2 kg and length L = plane P. The friction between the plank P and the
24 m is lying on a smooth horizontal floor. It is struck cylinder is sufficient for no slipping. The coefficient
by a force F normally at one end. The contact lasts for of friction between the plank and the ground surface is
a very small time t0. The distance traveled by the rod zero. Initially, P is attached with a string S as shown in
in the time in which it is turned by p/2 is xp meter. the figure. If the string is now burned, then
Find x. v
w=
59. A uniform rod of mass M = 4 kg and length L = 3 m r
v
lies on a frictionless horizontal plane. A particle of same
mass M moving with speed v0 = 10 m/s perpendicular to S
P
the length of the rod strikes the end of the rod and sticks
to it. Find the angular velocity (in rad/s) about the center (a) the plank will start motion with a speed v along for-
of mass of (rod + particle) system. ward direction
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 9

(b) the plank will start motion with a speed r along 68. A cylinder of mass m is rotated about its axis by an
backward direction angular velocity w and lowered gently on an inclined
(c) the plank will remain static plane as shown in figure. Then:
(d) linear velocity of the cylinder will decrease and an-
gular velocity will increase m = 1/ 3
65. A disc is pulled by a force F acting at a point above the 30°
centre of mass of the disc. (a) it will start going upward
The direction of frictional force (ƒr) acting on disc (b) it will first going upward and then downward
pushed on a rough surface will be represented by (c) it will go downward just after it is lowered
(a) F (d) it can never go upward

C 69. A uniform solid sphere rolls down a vertical surface

without sliding. If the vertical surface moves with an
g
f acceleration a = , the minimum coefficient of friction
(b) F 2
between the sphere and vertical surfaces so as to prevent
C relative sliding is

f m
(c) F

C
F=0 a

(d) Information is insufficient (a) 3/7 (b) 4/7

66. Four solid spheres are made to move on a rough (c) 4/5 (d) 3/5
horizontal surface. Sphere P is given a spin and released. 70. A sphere of mass ‘m’ and radius ‘r’ is placed on a rough
Sphere Q is given a forward linear velocity. Spheres R plank of mass M. The system is placed on a smooth
and S are given linear and rotational motions as shown horizontal surface. A constant force F is applied on the
in the figure. Directions of the friction force on spheres plank such that the sphere rolls purely on the plank. The
P, Q, R, S are respectively. acceleration of the sphere is
w w w
v v m
P Q R S v
F M

2F 2F
(a) Right, Left, Right, Left (a) (b)
(b) Right, Left, Left, Right 5 M + 2m 7 M + 5m
(c) Left, Right, Left, either Left or Right 2F 2F
(c) (d)
(d) Right, Left, Left, either Left or Right 7M +m 7 M + 2m
67. A solid sphere of mass 10 kg is placed on a rough 71. A solid cylinder of radius r and mass m is placed with
surface having coefficient of friction m = 0.1. A constant no initial velocity on a moving belt ‘B’. It is placed
force F = 7 N is applied along a line passing through the against a rough wall ‘A’, which restrict the sliding of the
centre of the sphere as shown in the figure. The value of cylinder on the belt as shown in the figure. Assuming
frictional force on the sphere is that the coefficient of friction at A and B is m (<1), the
angular acceleration a of the cylinder will be

F=7N

r
m = 0.1 A
(a) 1 N (b) 2 N B V
(c) 3 N (d) 7 N
V
 10 Physics

2g Ê m ˆ 75. A solid sphere of mass m and radius r is gently placed

(a) g Ê m ˆ (b) on a conveyer belt moving with constant velocity V. If
Á ˜
r Ë1 + m¯ r ÁË 1 + m ˜¯
the coefficient of friction between the belt and sphere
g Ê m ˆ gÊ m ˆ 2
(c) Á (d) is , the distance travelled by the centre of the sphere
2r Ë 1 + m ˜¯ r ÁË 2 + m ˜¯ 7
before it starts pure rolling is
72. A cylinder moves with linear velocity V to the right
and angular velocity w in the anticlockwise direction.
The cylinder was initially at rest. The cylinder does not V
perform pure rolling and stops after some time. Find the
radius of the cylinder. V2 2V 2
w (a) (b)
7g 49 g

V 2V 2 2V 2
(c) (d)
5g 7g
76. A solid sphere, a hollow sphere and a disc, all having
2V 2V same mass and radius, are placed at the top of an incline
(a) (b)
3w w and released. The friction coefficients between the
V 3V objects and the incline are the same and not sufficient to
(c) (d) allow pure rolling. Least time will be taken in reaching
2w 4w
the bottom by
73. A sphere of mass ‘m’ is given some angular velocity (a) the solid sphere (b) the hollow sphere
about a horizontal axis through its centre and gently (c) the disc (d) all will take the same time
placed on a plank of mass ‘m’. The coefficient of friction 77. In the previous question, the smallest kinetic energy at
between the two is m. The plank rests on a smooth the bottom of the incline will be achieved by
horizontal surface. The initial acceleration of the centre (a) the solid sphere
of sphere relative to the plank will be: (b) the hollow sphere
(c) the disc
m (d) all will achieve the same kinetic energy
78. A cylinder rolls up an inclined plane, reaches some
m height, and then rolls down (without slipping throughout
these motions). The directions of the frictional force
(a) zero (b) mg acting on the cylinder are
(c) (7/5)mg (d) 2mg (a) up the incline while ascending and down the incline
74. A cylinder of mass m is placed on the edge of a plank while descending
of the same mass and length 4mgt2 placed on the smooth (b) up the incline while ascending as well as descending
horizontal surface, where m is the coefficient of friction (c) down the incline while ascending and up the incline
between cylinder and plank and t is the time at which while descending
pure rolling starts. The cylinder is given an impulse at (d) down the incline while ascending as well as de-
t = 0 which imparts it a velocity V0 (m/s). The time in scending
which pure rolling starts will be 79. A solid uniform disc of mass m rolls without slipping
down a fixed inclined plane with an acceleration a. The
frictional force on the disc due to the surface of the plane is
ama. Find a.
80. A tangential force F acts at the top of a thin spherical
shell of mass m and radius R as shown. Find the
­acceleration of the shell if it rolls without slipping. If
V0/2mg (b)
(a) V0/4mg
αF
V0 /2 2 m g (d)
(c) V0 /4 2 m g your answer is . Then find a.
5m
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 11

F value of F for which the disc can roll without slipping is

k µ s Mg . Find k. (µs is coefficient of friction)
R
82. A uniform solid ball rolls down a slope. If the ball has a
f diameter of 0.5 m and a mass of 0.1 kg. The coefficient
of friction between the ball and the slope is 0.29. The
81. A horizontal force F acts at the centre of mass of a maximum angle of ­inclination (in degree) for which the
­uniform disc with mass M and radius R. The maximum ball roll is (Give answer in integer value)

ARCHIVE
1. A roller is made by joining together two cones at their 3F F
vertices O. It is kept on two rails AB and CD which (a) (b)
2mR 3mR
are placed asymmetrically (see figure), with its axis
2F F
perpendicular to CD and its centre O at the centre of line (c) (d)
joining AB and CD (see figure). It is given a light push 3mR 2mR
so that it starts rolling with its centre O moving parallel (JEE Main 2019)
to CD in the direction shown. As it moves, the roller will
4. A string is wound around a hollow cylinder of mass 5
tend to:
kg and radius 0.5 m. If the string is now pulled with
B D a horizontal force of 40 N, and the cylinder is rolling
without slipping on a horizontal surface (see figure),
then the angular acceleration of the cylinder will be
O (Neglect the mass and thickness of the string)
40 N

A C

(a) turn left (a) 12 rad/s2 (b) 16 rad/s2

(b) turn right
(c) 10 rad/s2 (d) 20 rad/s2
(c) go straight
(d) turn left and right alternately (JEE Main 2019)
 (JEE Main 2016) 5. A solid sphere and solid cylinder of identical radii
2. To mop-clean a floor, a cleaning machine presses a approach an incline with the same linear velocity (see
circular mop of radius R vertically down with a total figure). Both roll without slipping all throughout. The
force F and rotates it with a constant angular speed two climb maximum heights hsph and hcyl on the incline.
about its axis. If the force F is distributed uniformly hsph
The ratio is given by
over the mop and if coefficient of friction between hcyl
the mop and the floor is µ, the torque, applied by the
machine on the mop is
2 m FR
(a) m FR (b)
3 3
m FR m FR
(c) (d)
2 6 14 4
(JEE Main 2019) (a) (b)
15 5
3. A homogeneous solid cylindrical roller of radius R
and mass m is pulled on a cricket pitch by a horizontal 2
(c) 1 (d)
force. Assuming rolling without slipping, angular 5
acceleration of the cylinder is (JEE Main 2019)
 12 Physics

6. The following bodies are made to roll up (without 7. A uniform sphere of mass 500 g rolls without slipping
slipping) the same inclined plane from a horizontal plane: on a plane horizontal surface with its centre moving at
(i) a ring of radius R, (ii) a solid cylinder of radius R/2 and a speed of 5.00 cm/s. Its kinetic energy is
(iii) a solid sphere of radius R/4. If in each case, the speed (a) 8.75 × 10–4 J (b) 8.75 × 10–3 J
of the centre of mass at the bottom of the incline is same, –4
(c) 6.25 × 10 J (d) 1.13 × 10–3 J
the ratio of the maximum heights they climb is (JEE Main 2020)
(a) 4 : 3 : 2 (b) 14 : 15 : 20
(c) 10 : 15 : 7 (d) 2 : 3 : 4
(JEE Main 2019)

  ANSWER KEY 
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11.
(c) 12.
(d) 13.
(c) 14. (d) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19.
(d) 20. (c)
21.
(a) 22.
(d) 23.
(c) 24. (d) 25. (29) 26. (2) 27. (3) 28. (5) 29.
(1) 30. (4)
31.
(2) 32.
(a) 33.
(b) 34. (c) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39.
(a) 40. (7)
41.
(d) 42.
(d) 43.
(b) 44. (d) 45. (b) 46. (b) 47. (a) 48. (b) 49.
(d) 50. (c)
51.
(d) 52.
(a) 53.
(a) 54. (b) 55. (4.50) 56. (13) 57.
(1.50) 58.
(2) 59.
(4) 60. (2)
61.
(d) 62.
(b) 63.
(b) 64. (c) 65. (b) 66. (d) 67. (b) 68. (d) 69.
(b) 70. (d)
71.
(b) 72.
(b) 73.
(d) 74. (b) 75. (a) 76. (d) 77. (b) 78. (b) 79.
(0.50) 80.
(6)
81.
(3) 82.
(45)

Archive
1.
(a) 2.
(a) 3.
(c) 4.
(b) 5.
(a) 6.
(*) 7. (a)
 ROTATION: ROCK AND ROLL

Rolling Here, we have r = R and q = 37∞.

5
1. (c) 40
Substituting this values in equation (i), we get w = Rg .
(velocity) 2 7
Radius of Curvature =
Normal acceleration
4. (a)
(2v) 2 1 2 2
= 2 = 4R The rotational kinetic energy is K = Iw , where I = mR is
v /R 2
its rotational inertia about the center of mass, m = 140 kg, and
2v w = vcom/R. The ratio is
v2/R 1 2
v K transl mvcom
R
= 2 = 1.00.
K rot 1
(mR 2 )(vcom /R)2
2
5. (a)
2. (a)
Interpreting h as the height increase for the center of mass of the
The basketball--Earth system has more kinetic energy than the ice–
body, then mechanical energy conservation, Ki = Uf, leads to
Earth system due to the rotational kinetic energy of the basketball.
Therefore, when the kinetic energy of both systems has transformed 1 2 1 1 1 Ê vˆ
2
Ê 3v 2 ˆ
to gravitational potential energy when the objects momentarily mvcom + Iw 2 = mgh fi mv 2 + I Á ˜ = mg Á ˜
2 2 2 2 Ë R¯ Ë 4g ¯
come to rest at their highest point on the ramp, the basketball will
be at a higher location, corresponding to the larger gravitational 1
potential energy. from which v cancels and we obtain I = mR 2 .
2
3. (b) This moment of inertia is the moment of inertia of solid cylinder.
For the isolated sphere--Earth system, energy is conserved, 6. (b)
DU + DK rot + DK trans = 0 1 2
Translation kinetic energy K trans = mvc
2
Rotational kinetic energy
2
1 1 Êv ˆ 1 Ê k2 ˆ
K rot = I Cw 2 = (mk 2 ) Á 2 ˜ = mvc2 Á 2 ˜
2 2 Ë R¯ 2 ËR ¯
R
q Hence total kinetic energy,
r Ktotal = Kt + Krot
(R – r)(1 – cos q) v
w 1 2Ê k2 ˆ
K total = mv Á1 + 2 ˜
2 Ë R ¯

Kt 1 K Ê k2 ˆ
Then, = fi total = Á1 + 2 ˜
È1 ˘ 1 È2 ˘ K total k 2
K trans Ë R ¯
mg( R - r )(cosq - 1) + Í mv 2 - 0 ˙ + Í mr 2 ˙ w 2 = 0 1+ 2
Î2 ˚ 2 Î5 ˚ R

Substituting v = rw, we obtain 7. (b)
È1 ˘ 1 È2 ˘ When the sphere reaches its lowest position it loses gravitational
mg( R - r )(cosq - 1) + Í m (rw ) - 0 ˙ + Í mr 2 ˙ w 2 = 0
2
potential energy by DU and gains a kinetic energy by DK,
Î2 ˚ 2 Î5 ˚
where DU = –mg(R – r)
È1 1˘
mg( R - r )(cosq - 1) + Í + ˙ mr 2w 2 = 0
Î2 5˚ R–r w

Ê 10 ˆ ( R - r )(1 - cosq )g
w= Á ˜ m v
Ë 7¯ r2
…(i)
 2 Solutions

Now, let the bobbin and point B (or the board) travel distances l and
1 2Ê K2ˆ 1 Ê 2ˆ 7
and DK = mvc Á1 + 2 ˜ = mv 2 Á1 + ˜ = mv
2 lB in time t. Therefore,
2 Ë R ¯ 2 Ë 5 ¯ 10
B v Ê rˆ Ê rˆ
According to conservation of energy, DU + DK = 0 = B = Á 1 + ˜ fi  B =  Á 1 + ˜
 vcm Ë R¯ Ë R¯
7
or - mg ( R - r ) + mv 2 = 0
10 12. (d)
Since the two bodies have the same mass and collide head-on
10
or v= g (R - r) elastically, the linear momentum gets interchanged.
7
Hence just after the collision ‘B’ will move with velocity ‘v0’ and
8. (d) ‘A’ becomes stationary but continues to rotate at the same initial
The total KE is K = Krod + Khollow sphere + Ksolid sphere Êv ˆ
angular velocity Á 0 ˜ .
1 Ë R¯
where K rod = mv 2
2 Hence, after collision.
Since the CM of each sphere moves with a velocity 1
(KE) B = mv02
v 2
vC = ,
2 2
1 2 1Ê2 ˆ Êv ˆ
1 Ê K2ˆ and (KE) A = I w = Á mR 2 ˜ ◊ Á 0 ˜
2 2Ë 3 ¯ Ë R¯
K hollow sphere = mvC2 Á1 + 2 ˜
2 Ë R ¯
(K.E.) B 3
2
1 Ê vˆ Ê 2 ˆ 5mv 2 fi = . Hence, (d).
= m Á ˜ Á1 + ˜ = (K.E.) A 2
2 Ë 2¯ Ë 3¯ 24
2 13. (c)
1 Ê vˆ Ê 2ˆ 7
K hollow sphere = m Á ˜ Á1 + ˜ = mv 2 g sin q
2 Ë 2¯ Ë 5 ¯ 40 a=
I
Using the above four equations, 1+
MR 2
1 5 7 53
K = mv 2 + mv 2 + mv 2 = mv 2 a is minimum, if I is maximum.
2 24 40 60
Imax = MR2 [for ring]
9. (a) g sin q g sin q
fi amin = =
1 v2 MR 2 2
I w 2 mK 2 2 2 1+
Rotational K.E. R =K MR 2
= 2 =
Translational K.E. 1 mv 2 mv 2
R 2

2 14. (d)

Rolling can be considered as pure rotation about point of contact
10. (b)
Let vo be the linear speed of the axis of the cylinder and w be its 1 1 Ê mR 2 ˆ 3
K rolling = I Pw 2 = Á + mR 2 ˜ w 2 = mR 2w 2 …(i)
angular speed about the axis. As it does not slip on the ground hence 2 2Ë 2 ¯ 4
v The rod translates with the velocity v, hence velocity of centre of
w = o , where R is the radius of the cylinder.
R disc will also be v.
Speed of the topmost point is v = vo + ωR = 2vo v = wR...(ii)
Since time taken by the axis to move a distance L is equal to t = L/vo. 3
In the same interval of time distance moved by the topmost point is From (i) and (ii); K rolling = mv 2
4
L
S = 2 v0 ¥ = 2L 1 Ê m ˆ 2 mv 2
vo Kinetic energy of the rod K rod = v = ...(iii)

2 ÁË 2 ˜¯ 4
As there is no slipping between any point of contact, hence distance
moved by the man is 2L. Ktotal= krolling + krod = mv2
11. (c) 15. (d)
For no slipping, velocity of centre of mass or axis of t = F ¥ R = Ia
rotation is vcm = wR...(i) In one full rotation,
Velocity of point B or point of contact of board with bobbin, 1
q = 2p = a t 2
Ê rˆ 2
vB = w r + vcm = vcm Á 1 + ˜ ...(ii)
Ë R¯ 4p 4p I
t2 = =
a FR
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 3

O
Linear acceleration, a = F/M
Distance travelled in one rotation F2 causes no torque about point O, hence there is no shift of centre
of mass under given conditions. F1 causes spool to rotate clockwise
= 2pR (given)
(about point O) and hence centre of mass shifts to right.
1 1 F 4p I 2p I
= at 2 = ◊ = 21. (a)
2 2 M FR MR
2V 0
It gives I = MR2 w0=
3R
It is a hollow cylinder.
R V0
16. (b)
For a ball rolling without slipping on a fixed rough surface, no work
is done by friction. A

17. (c) 2V0 3

w0 = or V0 = Rw0
3R 2
Magnitude of
Acceleration

Angular momentum is conserved about A.

L1 = L2
2 2
mR 2w 0 + mV0 R = mR 2w + mVR
5 5
Time 2 2V 2 V
or mR 2 ¥ 0 + mV0 R = mR 2 + mVR
5 3R 5 R
Since angular velocity is constant, acceleration of centre of mass of
disc is zero. Hence the magnitude of acceleration of point S is w2x 21
or V0 = V (i)
where w is the angular speed of disc and x is the distance of S from 19
centre. Therefore the graph is a straight line.
w and V are the angular and translational velocities when pure
18. (a) rolling starts.
Linear momentum is conserved. w = w0 + at
mv = mv¢ or v = v¢ 5V
From eq. (i) a =
Angular momentum about centre of disc 19Rt
r where t is the time in which pure rolling starts.
= mvh = mv ◊ = Iw Pure rolling starts when sphere rotates by an angle,
2
r mr 2 1 2V 1 5V 33 Vt
So, mv = Iw = ◊w q = w 0t + a t 2 = 0 t + ◊ ◊ t2 =
2 2 2 3r 2 19 Rt 38 R
or v = rw 33
Rq = S = Vt
Pure rolling starts from beginning. 38
38 S
19. (d) V= ◊
33 t
The body is in pure rolling motion, thus the velocity at the
instantaneous axis of rotation is zero and and thus there is no relative 22. (d)
motion between the interacting surfaces. So whatever the coefficient 33 Vt
of friction of the surface is, there is no frictional force acting on the q=
38 R
rolling body throughout A to C. 33
Also the angular momentum will be conserved as external torque Rq = S = Vt
38
is zero.
38 S
20. (c) V= ◊
33 t
Since the spool does not slide, the torque on spool about its point
of contact on table is only due to applied force. F3 causes spool 23. (c)
to rotate anticlockwise (about point O), therefore centre of mass Mg – T = ma(i)
should shift to left. and, T = (2m)a(ii)
 4 Solutions

Mg 27. (3)
From eqs. (i) and (ii), a = a1 = Ra – a2
( M + 2m)
fi 2 = 2a–4  fi  a = 3
28. (5)
a Since 10 < mg, the cylinder rolls on ground
a’ R
f acts to left.
1
10R – f R =
 Ia = MR2a 10
2
a f α
1 a
a¢ = f/m = Ma
2
a = t /I =
fR f = Ma
(mR 2 /2) 3
fi 10 = Ma f
For no slipping, a = a¢ = aR 2
Mg f 2 fR 20 1
= + a= = m/s2
( M + 2m) m MR 3M 3

Mmg 1 1 1 1 1
Which gives f = K= MVc2 + Icw2 = MV2 + × MR2w2
3( M + 2m) 2 2 2 2 2
2
24. (d) 3 3 1 
= MV2 = × 20 ×  × 6 = 60 J
4 4 3 
v/R
29. (1)
a

v = Rw C
R a
r
As the disc is in combined rotation and translation, each point has F
a tangential velocity and a linear velocity in the forward direction. T
vnet (for lowest point) = v – Rw = v – v = 0 a=aR
F – T = ma…(i)
v2 v2
and acceleration = +0= Torque about C:
R R
TR – Fr = Ia
(Since linear speed is constant) a
fi TR - Fr = mk 2
Hence (d). R
25. (29) Put the value of T from equation (i)
mk 2 a
1 2h  k2  ( F - ma) R - Fr =
Time of descent t = 1 + r
sin θ g  R 2 
È mk 2 ˘ FR ( R - r )
F (R - r) = a Í + mR ˙ fi a = 2
 k2  ÍÎ R ˙˚ (k + R 2 ) m
2
tsphere 1 + R 2  1+ 8 ¥ 2 ¥ (2 - 1) 8 ¥ 2 ¥ 1
sphere 5 = 7 2 14 = = = 1 m/s2
∴ = = × = Ê4 ˆ 4
tdisc  k2  1 5 3 15 + 4˜ ¥ 3 4 ¥ ¥ 3
1 + R 2 
1+ ËÁ 3 ¯ 3
2
disc
30. (4)
vP = 6 m/s
26. (2)

g sin θ 9.8 sin 30”

a= = = 3.5 m/s 2 vC
(
1+ k / r 2 2
) 1 + ( 2 / 5)

2s 2×7
t= = =2s
a 3.5 As cotton reel rolls point of contact of reel with ground will act as
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 5

instantaneous axis of rotation. Let us choose the point P as ICR in the extended rod. We can say
vp = w (R + r) ICR is a point of zero velocity. We can write
  
vP = vP , A + v A
vp
fi w= = 20 rad/s 
We have vP = 0
R+r
 
Velocity of centre of reel Hence, vP , A + v A = 0
vp R 6 ¥ 20  
vC = w R = = = 4 m/s Here v A = viˆ and vP , A = - w riˆ
(R + r) (20 + 10)
Hence, -w riˆ + viˆ = 0
31. (2)
fi v = wr
For rolling, vA = 2 m/s
v v
or r= = = 2
w (v /2)
4 m/s
A Hence, ICR will be located at a distance 2 from A.
2 m/s 34. (c)
or 4 –1.w = 2
or w = 2 rad/sec (clockwise)
O
Instantaneous Axis of Rotation w v = 2 m/s
P v
32. (a) rw
Let end B slide on the vertical wall with vB. AX and BX are the
  Let P be a point passing through instantaneous axis of rotation.
perpendicular to the velocities v A and vB respectively. The point
of intersection of the two normal AX and AY, P will be the center of Therefore, vp = 0.
 
zero velocity or instantaneous centre of rotation of the rod. Each and fi | vPO + vO | = 0 fi vPO - vO = 0 fi vPO = vO
every point of the rod rotate about P with same angular velocity(say
w)in counter clockwise sense. where vO = v and vPO = (OP ) w
2 1
fi (OP ) w = v fi OP = v /w = = m
2.p p
35. (b)
Since, there is no relative sliding between the cylinder and the planks
1 and 2, the points A and B of the disc will move with velocities
equal to the velocities of the respective surfaces.
 
v A = - viˆ and vB = +2 viˆ respectively. Joining A and B and A¢ and
B¢ we find the point P as IAR. Then we have the similar triangles
PAA¢ and PBB¢. Using the properties of similar triangles we have
We have w BP = w AP (= w ) BB¢ BP
w= =
vA AA¢ AP
Where w AP =
PA B B¢
Substituting PA =  cos q vB = 2v
and vA = v x
v
we have w =
l cos q
33. (b) P
2R – x
A
vA A¢
vA = v A
y
where AA¢ = vA = v, BB¢ = vB = 2v, AP = 2R – x and BP = x.
2v x
r Then, we have =
x v 2R - x
4R
This gives, x =
3
vP,A
vA Hence, IAR is located at a distance of 4R/3 below the top of the disc.
P
 6 Solutions

v AB 38. (b)
As we know w =
AB v1

 
v AB = v A - vB = - viˆ - 2 viˆ = 3v and AB = 2 R x

3v
This gives w = clockwise. l
2R w

36. (a)
(IAOR)
A w
r v2

C
v1 v
O q B \ w= = 2
x l-x
The position of instantaneous axis of rotation (IAOR) is shown in v1
figure. fi x= l
v1 + v2
Ê  ˆ
C = Á cosq , sin q ˜ 39. (a)
Ë2 2 ¯
This can be assumed as a pure rotation about point, of contact say Ο
 v
r= = half of the diagonal with angular velocity ω = , where R is the radius of hoop.
2 R
All surfaces are smooth. Therefore, mechanical energy will remain
conserved.
\ Decrease in gravitational potential energy of bar = increase
in rotational kinetic energy of bar about IAOR.
q
 1 R
\ mg (1 - sin q ) = Iw 2 ....(1) P
2 2
O w= v
m 2 R
Here, I = + mr 2 (about IAOR)
12 Speed of Ρ will be :
2 2 2
m m m
or I= + = æ qö
12 4 3 vp= (ΟΡ)ω = ç 2 R sin ÷ ω
è 2ø
Substituting in Eq. (1), we have
æq ö
 1 Ê m 2 ˆ 2 or vp = (2Rω) sin ç ÷
mg (1 – sin q ) = Á ˜w è2ø
2 2Ë 3 ¯

æq ö
or vp= 2v sin ç ÷
3g (1 - sin q ) è2ø
or w=

40. (7)
37. (a)
B O¢
F

vB
F r

Line of action a a 37°

vA
Line of action A

(I) (II) Velocity of end A, v A is horizontal, while velocity of the end B,

vB is vertical downward. For finding the position of instantaneous
Rolling can be seen as pure rotation about some instantaneous axis centre of rotation. Drop perpendiculars to the directions of
 
of rotation. In case of pure rolling this axis passes through point of v A and vB at points A and B respectively. The intersection point I
contact with ground. be the instantaneous centre.
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 7

4 A A 1w
x =  cos37∞ = 5 ¥ =4m 6
5 P 2v
w
3
y =  sin 37∞ = 5 ¥ =3m C C v A
v
B
5 P

Hence, coordinate of I.C.R. is (4 m, 3 m).

J
B B
Then from:
Angular Momentum of Rotation Plus Translation Impulse = Change in momentum

41. (d) J
We have mv = J or v = …(i)
    m
Since LP = Lcm + r ¥ pcm
l
Iw = J ◊
y 2
v0 x m 2  6J
w0 ◊ w = J ◊ or w = …(ii)
P
12 2 m
p m
 After the given time t = , the rod will rotate an angle
LP = I cmw0 (- kˆ ) + Mv0 R (- kˆ ) 12 J

Ê 6 J ˆ Ê p m ˆ p
q = wt = Á =
Since sphere is in pure rolling motion hence Ë m ˜¯ ÁË 12 J ˜¯ 2
w = v0/R
 Ê ˆ Ê 6J ˆ J
◊w = Á ˜ Á = =v
 È2 Êv ˆ ˘ 7 6 Ë 6 ¯ Ë m ˜¯ m
fi LP = Í MR 2 Á 0 ˜ + Mv0 R(- kˆ )˙ = Mv0 R(- kˆ )
Î 5 Ë R ¯ ˚ 5
 J
vp = 2v = 2
42. (d) m
L = (mg sin q)Rt 45. (b)
Let J be the linear impulse imparted to the ball.
DL
Since, t = , so L = t(Dt) Applying; Impulse = Change in momentum
Dt
The curve between L and time t will be a straight line. h v0
43. (b)
w0
The angular momentum of the disc about O is

We have J = mv0…(i)
2 2 …(ii)
J ◊ h = Iw 0 =
mr w 0


5
5 v0h
From equations (i) and (ii), we get w 0 =
2 r2
46. (b)
Let v be the velocity of COM of ring just after the impulse is applied
   
LO = mrC ¥ vC + I Cw and v’ its velocity when pure rolling starts. Angular velocity w of the
v¢
1 Ê 3v ˆ ring at this instant will be w = .
= m( xiˆ + Rjˆ) ¥ viˆ + mR 2 Á kˆ˜ r
2 ËR ¯
1 Ê 3v ˆ 3
= m( xiˆ + Rjˆ) ¥ viˆ + mR 2 Á kˆ˜ mvR ( ˆj ¥ iˆ) + mvRkˆ
2 ËR ¯ 2 v v¢
3 mvR ˆ w
- mvRkˆ + mvRkˆ = k
2 2
From impulse = change in linear momentum
44. (d)
we have J = mv
Let v and w be the linear and angular speeds of the rod after applying or v = J/m…(i)
an impulse J at B.
 8 Solutions

Between the two positions shown in figure force of friction on

which gives w 0 = 250 rad sec -1 (clockwise)
the ring acts backwards. So, angular momentum of the ring about
bottommost point will remain conserved. 49. (d)
\ Li = Lf According to law of conservation of linear momentum
or mvr = mv ¢r + Iω mv = MV…(i)
mv¢r + (mr 2 )(v¢ /r ) = 2 mv¢r According to law of conservation of angular momentum,

v J L ML2 …(ii)
v¢ = = (from equation) mv ◊ = w
2 2m 2 12
Since the collision is elastic, therefore
47. (a)
1 2 1 1
J mv = MV 2 + Iw 2
2 2 2
w Putting the values of w and V in above equation.
M
vCM m=
4

50. (c)
The impulse delivered perpendicular to the rod at one end gives From impulse = change in momentum we have
some linear momentum to the CM (centre of mass) of the rod and J = mv(i)
also some angular momentum about the CM. The rod will rotate A
about CM. Free rotation of any rigid body always takes place about w
CM.
Translation of CM: Applying impulse-momentum equation, x v
J = M DvCM

J
J = M (vCM - 0) [initially CM is at rest] (v = linear speed of centre of mass of rod)
L
Angular impulse about the CM: J ◊ = ICM Dw ml 2
2 J ◊ x = Iw = w (ii)
3
Let ∆t be the time required for one complete revolution of 2p rad.
Multiplying both sides by ∆t gives l
v = w (iii)
2
L ML2
M vCM Dt = w Dt (w = angular speed of rod about point A)
2 12
Solving these three equations, we get
L L2 2
(vCM Dt ) = wDt [∵ vCM Dt = x ] x= l
2 12 3

Lq Lp
x= fi x = [q = 2p rad] 51. (d)
6 3
Let after collision velocity of rod be v and angular velocity be w, then
48. (b) M 2
Since, line of action of impulse does not pass through centre of mass mv0 = mv + MV fi mv0 x = mvx + w
12
of the sphere, therefore, just after application of impulse, the sphere
M wh 2 x
starts to move, both translationally and rotationally. Translation mv0 = mv +
motion is produced by horizontal component of the impulse, while 12
rotational motion is produced by moment of the impulse. Let the From above equations,
impulse applied be J. M wh 2 x
Then its horizontal component provides horizontal motion. = MV fi wh 2 x = 12 V
12
J . cos 45° which gives J = 4 2 kg ms-1 lw
Velocity of farther end of the rod = V -
Moment of inertia of ball about centroidal axis is 2
2 wh 2 x wh x wh x Ê h ˆ
I = mR 2 = 1.6 ¥ 10 -3 kg m -2 = - = Á - 1˜
4 12 2 2 Ë6 ¯
Initial angular momentum of ball (about centre) = J(R sin 45°) If this velocity is opposite to v0, then
Angular impulse will change angular momentum of the ball. h
- 1 < 0 fi h < 6
J . R.sin 45∞ = DL = ( Iw 0 - 0) 6

 Rotation: Rock and Roll 9

52. (a) 55. (4.50)

v0/2r w¢ Angular momentum about A is conserved.
2
v0 v¢ L1 = mR 2w 0
5
2 7
L2 = mR 2w + mR 2w = mR 2w
Angular momentum can be conserved about lowest point 5 5
2 v 2 v¢ L1 = L2
mv0r + mr 2 0 = mv¢r + mr 2
5 2 r 5 r w0
10 mv0r + 2 mv0r 7mv¢r
=
10 5 V0= 0
R
6 v0 at the start
v¢ =
7 A
53. (a) 2
Initially ball will gain both linear and angular velocity. w = w0
7
Linear impulse: I0 = mvC
w0 > w
Angular impulse: I 0 x = Iw 0 fi mvC x = Iw 0 and V > V0
w0 w Sphere accelerates forward and rotation decelerates.
I0 x w = w0 – at
C vc v w0 - w
a= (i)
t
I is moment of Inertia about C.
w 2 = w 02 - 2aq
Apply conservation of angular momentum about lowest point.
Iw 0 + mvC r = Iw + mvr Ê 7 ˆ
at ◊ Á w + w ˜
(w - q )(w + w 0 ) Ë 2 ¯ = 9 wt
q= 0 =
v 2a 2a 4
where w = at the time of pure rolling
r 9 9
2 v Rq = w Rt = w t (ii)
fi mvC x + mvC r = mr 2 + mvr 4 4
5 r
V = V0 + at (V0 = 0)
7 a = wR/t
fi vC ( x + r ) = rv
5
V 2 + V02 + 2aS
5 Èx+r˘
fi v= vC V ◊ V (w R )(V ◊ t ) Vt (iii)
7 ÍÎ r ˙˚ S= = =
2a 2 ◊wR 2
Ratio of distance = 9/2
54. (b)
w 56. (13)
V0 / 2r ω´

V0
V´
V0
R
Angular momentum can be conserved about lowest point

2 v 2 v′
I = mV0R + Iw mv0 r + mr 2 0 = mv ′r + mr 2
5 2r 5 r
2
= mV0 R + MR 2 w 10mv0 r + 2Mv0 r 7mv ′r 6v0
5 = v′ =
10 5 7
2 V
= mV0 R + MR 2 0
5 R 57. (1.50)
   
7 L = Lcm + m(r0 ´ v0 ) (1)
I = mV0 R
5 
Here, Lcm = I w  (perpendicular to paper inwards)
 10 Solutions

59. (4)
M
v
ω

O L ∫
w
æ1 ö æ vö C
= ç mR 2 ÷ ç ÷ vc.m. xc.m.
è2 ø è Rø v0

M A
1
= mvR Since the mass of particle is comparable to the mass of the rod,
2 distance of center of mass of system (rod + particle) from A is
  smaller than L/2.
and m(r0 ´ v0 ) = mRv  (perpendicular to paper inwards)
 Location of center of mass after collision
r0
L
M ¥0+M ¥
xc.m. = 2 =L
M+M 4
90º 
v0 Moment of inertia of the system about C

ÊL È ML2
ˆ ˘
2
2
Ic = M xc.m. +Í + M Á - xcm ˜ ˙
O ÍÎ 12 Ë2 ¯ ˙
˚
Since, both the terms of right hand side of equation (1) are in the same 2 È 2 2˘
direction. Ê Lˆ ML Ê Lˆ
= M Á ˜ + Í + MÁ ˜ ˙
 1 Ë 4¯ ÍÎ 12 Ë 4¯ ˙
˚
\ L = mvR + mvR
2 5
= ML2
 3 24
or L = mvR
2  fter collision, the velocity of center of mass is vc.m. and the angular
A
velocity about center of mass is w.
58. (2)
Conservation of linear momentum
F v0
Mv0 = (M + M) vc.m. fi vc.m. =
2
v conservation of angular momentum about C
O L
M v0 xc.m. = Ic w
w
L 5
v M v0 = ML2 w
4 24
w
d 6 v0 6 ´ 10
w= = = 4 rad/s
5L 5´3
Linear impulse Ft0 = Dp = M(v – 0) = Mv(i) 60. (2)
2
L ML
Angular impulse F t = DL = I 0 (w - 0) = w (ii)
2 0 12 F
Dividing (ii) by (i), we get h
O ∫ O vc.m.
L L2 w 6v w
= fi w = R
2 12 v L
Angular motion, q = w t(iii)
Linear motion, d = vt(iv) Linear impulse
Dividing (iv) by (iii), we have Ft
Ft = Dp = m(vc.m. – 0) fi vc.m. =
m
d v L L L p pL Angular impulse about O
= = fi d = q = ¥ = = 2p m
q w 6 6 6 2 12 t t = DL
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 11

Fht = Ic.m.(w – 0) 63. (b)

u=0 a
2 5Fht a
Fht = mR 2 w Þ w = o
5 2 mR 2 R fk

q
For pure rolling, s

sin
g
2R 2 ´ 5 mg

m
h
vc.m. = Rw fi h = = = 2m w
5 5
q
Friction in Rolling
tan q
61. (d) For ring to roll down mmin =
Torque about the CM is caused by friction because the lever arm of R2
1+
the weight force is zero: K2
t = fR = Ia tan q
So for m < , ring will slide and a = g sin q – mg cos q.
2
f = m n = m mg cosq
Now,
f I a /R 1
m= = S = at 2
mg cosq mg cosq 2
Ê2 ˆÊ1 2ˆ
2s
ÁË 3 g sin q ˜¯ ÁË 2 mR ˜¯
t=
a
(can be solved )
Ê1 ˆ
= = Á tan q ˜
R 2 mg cosq Ë2 ¯ t t = Iw

tt
62. (b) w=
I
Equation of motion 1 2 1
Mg sin q – f = Ma …(i) K Rolling = Iw , K Translation = mv 2
2 2
a
Also fR = t = Ia = Mk 2 …(ii) Work done by friction = mgh – KRolling – KTranslation
R
g sin q 64. (c)
But a= 2
…(iii) w
k R
1+ V
R2 Rw C
V
f Vp
Ground frame (G)

Initially there is no friction between cylinder and plank.

VCG = V – Rw
q For no slipping
sin Mg
M
g VCG1 = Vp
q
\ V – Rw = Vp.
Putting value of a in equation (ii) V
In given question w =
Ê Mk 2 ˆ g sin q R
f =Á 2 ˜ RV
Ë R ¯ k2 \ VP = V - =0
1+ 2 R
R
1 65. (b)
For cylinder: Mk 2 = I = MR 2 As K2 < Rx
2
Ê 1ˆ R2
M Á ˜ g sin q Here K 2 = ,x=R
1 Ë 2¯ 1 2
k 2 = R2 ; f = = Mg sin q
2 Ê 1ˆ 3 Hence, friction will act in forward direction.
ÁË 1 + ˜¯
2 66. (d)
In case of static friction, fs = m N = m Mg cosq In sphere P, the point of contact has tendency to move towards left
w.r.t. surface and hence, friction acts on it towards right.
1 1 In spheres Q and R, the point of contact has tendency to move towards
Mg sin q = m Mg cosq fi m = tan q
3 3 right w.r.t. surface and hence, friction acts on both of them towards left.
 12 Solutions

In sphere S, the point of contact has tendency to move towards left For pure rolling
due to rotation and towards right due to translatory motion. It has a + a.r = A
not been specified in question whether v is less than or greater than 2F
wR. Hence, friction on it may act towards left or right. From these equations we have, a =
7 M + 2m
67. (b)
71. (b)
Let f be frictional force towards left for pure rolling.
For linear motion, apply Newton’s laws
a = Ra
N1 – mN = 0 fi m1 = mN(1)
F - f 7- f
where a = = mN1 + mg = N(2)
m 10
t fR fR 5f
a= = = = mg
I I 2 2 2 mR
mR N1
5 a
7- f 5f mN1
Hence, = fi f = 2 N
10 20 mN
N
68. (d)
Since net force along the incline is zero, so cylinder will remain For rotation motion.
in position till it stops rotating. After that it will start moving mr 2
downwards. ( mN - mN1 ) ◊ r = a
2
69. (b) µmg µ 2 mg mr 2 µg
f - = a fi a =
1- µ 2
1- µ 2
2 r (1 + µ )
a
N a¢
72. (b)
a = f/m = mg
mg
Let sphere rolls down with acceleration a’. Writing force and torque ( m mg ) R 2 m g
a = t/I = =
equations for sphere (mR 2 /2) R
mg ...(i) w
N=
2
mg – f = ma¢...(ii) V
Ê2 ˆ R
f R = Á mR 2 ˜ .a
Ë5 ¯ f

V = V0 + at1
2
f = mRa ...(iii)
5 V V
t1 = =
aR = a¢...(iv) a mg
2 5 f w wR
fi f = ma ¢ or a ¢ = (v) w = w 0 + a t2 = t2 = =
5 2m a 2m g

from (ii) and (v) Cylinder stops at t1 = t2
5 7 2 Which gives R = 2V/w
mg - f = f fi mg = f or f = mg
2 2 7
73. (d)
2 m mg 4 FBD for sphere and block
But, f ≤ N hence mg £ fi m ≥
7 2 7
m fr
a1
70. (d) m
fr
m a a2
f a
f r m mg f m mg
F Mf Æ A a1 = = a2 = r =
m m m m
For M:  
a1 = m giˆ a2 = - m giˆ
F– f = MA   
arel = a1 - a2 = 2 m giˆ
For m, f = ma
f r = 2/5 (mr2.a) arel = 2mg
 Rotation: Rock and Roll 13

74. (b) 76. (d)

Acceleration of cylinder Since linear acceleration is the same for all (a = Mg sin q – mMg
aC = –mg cos q) as they have the same mass ‘M’ and the same ‘m’. Hence, all
will reach the bottom simultaneously. Hence (d).
a
77. (b)
ac For all the bodies, torque is the same.
mmg Hence, angular momentum (L) is also the same.
ap 1 L2
Now, KE = MV 2 +
2 2I
4 mgt
2
Linear velocity ‘v’ is the same for all as the same force acts on them.
Therefore more value of moment of inertia implies lesser kinetic energy.
Acceleration of plank = aP = mg Among all, the hollow sphere has the maximum moment of inertia
Ê2 ˆ
m mgR 2m g I = Á MR 2 ˜ .
aC = = Ë3 ¯
(mR 2 /2) R
78. (b)
For pure rolling after t, When a cylinder rolls up or down an inclined plane, its angular
VP = VC – RwC acceleration is always directed down the plane. Hence the frictional
force acts up the inclined plane when the cylinder rolls up or down
aPt = (V0 – aCt) – RaCt
the plane. Thus, the correct choice is (b).
or mgt = (V0 – mgt) – 2mgt
t = V0/4mg 79. (0.50)
g sin q g sin q
75. (a) a= =
Initial situation w.r.t. the conveyer belt: 1 + l / mR 2
1 + (1/2)
3
\ g sin q = a
V 2
Now, friction force,
For sphere : initial velocity (u) = V mg sin q
f =
m mg R =
2 5 g
mR 2 - a fi a = ◊
1 + mR 2 / l
5 7 R
m(3a /2) 1
At pure rolling: = = ma
1+ 2 2
Ê5 gˆ 80. (6)
v¢ = v – (mg)t and w ¢ = O + Á ◊ ˜ t
Ë 7 R¯ Let ƒ be the force of friction between the shell and the horizontal
(Since v¢ = Rw¢ at pure rolling) surface.
5 For translational motion F + ƒ = ma
fi v - m gt = ◊ g ◊t
7 F

vÊ 2ˆ
fi t= Á∵ m = ˜
gË 7¯
Ê vˆ 1 Ê2 ˆÊ v ˆ
2
For centre of the sphere: S = v Á ˜ - ◊ Á ◊ g ˜ Á 2 ˜ f
Ë g¯ 2 Ë 7 ¯Ë g ¯ a
For rotational motion FR – fR = Ia = I [ a= Ra for pure rolling]
v 2
v 2 R
S= -   (w.r.t. belt) a
fi F – ƒ = I
g 7g R2
By solving above equations.
In this time, the belt with speed ‘v’ will move a distance of
2  I   2  5
Ê vˆ v
sb = vt = v Á ˜ = 2 F =  m + 2  a =  m + m a = ma
Ë g¯ g
 R   3  3
.

\ Distance travelled w.r.t. ground will be:  2 2

∵ I shell = 3 mR 

Ê v2 v2 ˆ Ê V 2 ˆ v2
S g = | S - Sb | = Á - - = 5 6F
Ë g 7 g ˜¯ ÁË g ˜¯ 7 g ⇒F= ma ⇒ a =
6 5m
 14 Solutions

81. (3) Torque I α = FR  ... (iii)

F – f = Ma ... (1)
2 a
MR 2 α or MR 2 = FR
fR=  ... (2) 5 R
2
a = Ra ... (3) 2
or F = ma  ... (iv)
From 1st 5
F – f = 2f Using (iv) in (i)
F = 3f 5
fmax = µsmg so F = 3µsmg a=x= g sin θ
7  ... (v)
82. (45) Using (v) in (i)
N 2
F= Mg sin θ
7
R F 2
∴ = tan θ
F N 7
For no slipping F / N must be less than m, the ­coefficient of friction
A between the surface in contact. Therefore, the condition for pure
 2
rolling in that m must exceed   tan θ
 7
Mg
θ 2
µ= tan θ
7
Ma = Mg sin θ − F  ... (i)
7µ 7
Mg cos θ − N = 0  ... (ii) ∴ tan θ = = × 0.29 ≈ 1 or q = 45º
2 2

ARCHIVE
1. (a) 2F
Þa=
D

When this cone proceeds then on

B

3mR
AB rail the inner point will touch When inner

the rail whose velocity in forward

point touch O 4. (b)
direction slips forward and friction Friction
40 N
acts in backward direction. Due to A C
a
this friction the system turns left. f 
2. (a)
Consider a strip of radius x and thickness dx, Torque due to 40 + f = m ( Ra ) …(i)
friction on this strip.
40 ´ r - f ´ R = mR 2a
Net torque = S Torque on ring
R 40 - f = mRa …(ii)
Fx
ò dt = ò m x
0
p R2
´ 2p x ´ xdx x dx
from (i) and (ii), a =
40
= 16
mR
2 m FR
t = 5. (a)
3
\ Correct answer is (a). In case of rolling, v = Rw

3. (c) 1 2 1 2
For sphere, mgh1 = K1 = I w + mv
Taking torque about P, 2 2
F
3 1 2 1
FR = mR 2a = ´ mR 2w + mv 2
2 2 5 2

 Rotation: Rock and Roll 15

æ1 1ö æ7ö æ 1ö æ 2ö
= mv 2 ç + ÷ = mv 2 ç ÷ = h1 : h2 : h3 : : (1 + 1) : ç1 + ÷ : ç1 + ÷ : : 20 :15 :14
è 5 2 ø è 10 ø è 2ø è 5ø
No option is matching.
For solid cylinder,
1 2 1 mR 2 2 7. (a)
mgh2 = K 2 = mv + ´ w
2 2 2

m = 0.5 kg, v = 5 cm/s
2
æ 1 1 ö 3mv
= mv 2 ç + ÷ =
è2 4ø 4
7
mgh1 K1 10 7 4 14 h 14
\ = = = ´ = Þ 1 =
mgh2 K 2 3 10 3 15 h2 15
4

6. (*) 1 2 1 2
KE in rolling = mv + Iw
1æ I ö 2 2 2
ç m + 2 ÷ v = mgh 2
2è R ø 1Ê2 2 2ˆ Ê v ˆ
KE = Á mR + mR ˜ Á ˜
if radius of gyration is k, then Ë ¯ Ë R¯
2 5
æ k2 ö 2 1 7 v2 7 1 25
ç1 + 2 ÷ v k fi KE = mR 2 ¥ ¥ 2 = ¥ ¥ 4
R ø ksolid cylinder 1 2 5 R 10 2 10
= h = è , ring = 1 , =
2g Rring Rsolid cylinder 2 35
KE = ¥ 10-4 Joule
4
ksolid sphere 2
= = KE = 8.75 ¥ 10-4 Joule
Rsolid sphere 5