Civil Engineering Software Lab Department of Civil Engineering

Experiment No: 4(a) Date:

STRUCTURAL DETAILING OF ONE WAY SLAB

AIM:

To draw the structural detailing of one way slab using AutoCAD. Structural detailing of a typical
one way slab is given below.

SOFTWARE: AutoCAD

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PROCEDURE:

1. Particulars of one way slab: Clear span= 2m, thickness= 12 cm, clear cover= 20mm, main
bar= 10 mm bars @ 150 mm c/c, distribution bar= 8 mm bars @ 180 mm c/c

2. COMMANDS USED:

a) UNITS: The UNITS command lets you control several unit display settings including the
following:

Format (or Type): For example, a decimal length of 6.5 can be set to display as a fractional
length of 6-1/2 instead.

Precision: For example, a decimal length of 6.5 can be set to display as 6.50, 6.500, or 6.5000.

Use metric units, leave the unit type set to Decimal. Changing the unit format and precision does
not affect the internal precision of your drawing; it affects only how lengths, angles, and
coordinates are displayed in the user interface.

b) LAYER: Organize your drawing by assigning objects to layers. Use the LAYER
command to open the Layer Properties Manager. You can either enter LAYER or LA in
the Command window, or you can click the Layer Properties tool on the ribbon.
c) LINES: The line is the most basic and common object in AutoCAD drawings. To draw a
line, click the Line tool. Alternatively, you can type LINE or just L in the Command
window, and then press Enter or the Spacebar.
d) CONSTRUCTION LINES: You can use construction lines (XLINE) to prepare multiple
views of the same item, or create temporary intersections to serve as object snaps.
Construction lines extend to infinity in both directions.
e) ORTHO: The ORTHO mode is used to restrict cursor movement to specific directions.
It allows the cursor movement only in vertical and horizontal direction.
f) OBJECT SNAPS: The most important way to specify precise locations on objects is to
use object snaps. Object snaps become available during a command whenever AutoCAD
prompts you to specify a point. For example, if you start a new line and move your cursor

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near the endpoint of an existing line, the cursor will automatically snap to it. Enter the
OSNAP command to set the default object snaps. For example, you might find it useful
to turn on the Midpoint object snap by default.
g) SNAP: The GRID is a rectangular pattern of lines or dots that covers the entire XY plane
of the user coordinate system. Using the grid is similar to placing a sheet of grid paper
under drawing. GRID SNAP restricts the movement of the cross-hairs to intervals that you
define. When SNAP is turned on, the cursor seem to adhere or, or “snap” to an invisible
rectangular grid when you create or modify objects.
h) OFFSET: Most models include a lot of parallel lines and curves. Creating them is easy
and efficient with the OFFSET command. Click the OFFSET tool or enter O in the
Command window. Select the object, specify the offset distance, and click to indicate on
which side of the original that you want the result.
i) TRIM AND EXTEND: In the Command window, you can enter TR for TRIM or EX
for EXTEND. Trimming and extending are some of the most commonly used operations.

Enter the EXTEND command, select the boundary, and then press Enter or the
Spacebar. Pressing Enter or the Spacebar indicates that you’ve finished selecting the
boundaries and that you’re now ready to select the objects to be extended. Next, select
the objects to be extended (near the ends to be extended), and then press Enter or the
Spacebar to end the command. The selected lines are extended to the boundary.

The TRIM command follows the same steps, except that when you select the objects to
trim, you select the portions to trim away.

j) ZOOM AND MOVE: Zoom in on a drawing to better control the order of overlapping
objects. The easiest way to change your view is by using the mouse wheel. Zoom in or out
by rolling the wheel. Pan a view in any direction by holding the wheel down while moving
your mouse. Zoom in on a specific area for greater detail holding your mouse over the area
and clicking the wheel twice.
k) MATCH PROPERTIES: This tool is an efficient method of copying properties of one
object to another with complete control over properties copied. The properties assigned to
an object like lineweight, linetype, layer and transparency can transfer to another object in
the same or different drawing instead of assigning individual properties to the destination

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object. Type MA on the command line and press enter, now your cursor will change to a
pick box and command line will prompt you to select source object from which properties
will be copied. Click on object from drawing area then click on destination object on which
you want to transfer those properties. You can select multiple objects for pasting properties
as well.
l) BREAKLINE: To draw the break-line symbol, enter command BREAKLINE. Enter the
two points you want the break-line symbol to reach, and the third point you pick is where
the jogged line will appear.
m) CIRCLE: The default option of the CIRCLE command requires you to specify a center
point and a radius. Alternatively, you can also enter CIRCLE or just C in the Command
window and click to choose an option. If you do, you can specify a center point and radius.
n) HATCH: In AutoCAD, a hatch is a single, compound object that covers a specified area
with a pattern of lines, dots, shapes, a solid fill color, or a gradient fill. When you start the
HATCH command, the ribbon temporarily displays the Hatch Creation tab. On this tab,
you can choose from over 70 industry-standard imperial and ISO hatch patterns along with
many specialized options. Choose a hatch pattern and scale from the ribbon, and click
within any area that is completely enclosed by objects. You must specify the scale factor
for the hatch in order to control its size and spacing.
o) COPY: Click the Copy tool or enter CP in the Command window to start the command.
Start by selecting the object to copy, pressing Enter or the Spacebar to end your selection,
and clicking anywhere in the drawing area. Next, move your cursor to the right, relying
on the polar tracking angle to keep the direction horizontal, and then enter the distance.
Press Enter or the Spacebar a second time to end the command. For larger numbers of
copies, try experimenting with the Array option of the COPY command. From a base
point, you specify number of copies and the center-to-center distance.
p) DIMENSIONS: Create several types of dimensions and save dimension settings by name.

Linear Dimensions: You can create horizontal, vertical, aligned, and radial dimensions
with the DIM command. The type of dimension depends on the object that you select and
the direction that you drag the dimension line. Once you start the command, press Enter
or the Spacebar, select the line, and then click the location of the dimension line.

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Dimension Styles: Dimension styles help establish and enforce drafting standards. There
are many dimension variables that can be set with the DIMSTYLE command to control
virtually every nuance of the appearance and behavior of dimensions. All these settings
are stored in each dimension style. The default dimension style is named either Standard
(imperial) or ISO-25 (metric). It is assigned to all dimensions until another style is set as
the current dimension style.

1) NOTES AND LABELS: Create notes, labels, bubbles, and callouts. Save and restore style
settings by name. You can create general notes using the MTEXT command (or enter MT
in the Command window), which stands for multiline text. The multiline text tool is
available on the Annotation panel. After you start the MTEXT command, you are
prompted to create a “text box” with two diagonal clicks.

The exact size of the text box is not that important. After you specify the text box, the In-
Place Editor is displayed and you can easily change the length and width of the note
before, during, or after typing the text.

All the usual controls are available in the In-Place Editor, including tabs, indents, and
columns. Also notice that when you start the MTEXT command, the ribbon temporarily
changes, displaying many options such as text styles, columns, spell checking, and so on.
To exit the text editor after you finish entering the text, click anywhere outside it. To edit
a note, simply double-click it to open the text editor.

Create a Text Style: As with several other annotation features, multiline text provides a
lot of settings. You can save these settings as a text style using the STYLE command,
and then you can access the text styles you’ve saved by clicking the drop-down arrow on
the Annotation panel. The current text style is displayed at the top of the drop-down list.
To create a new text style, click the Text Style control. When you create a new text style,
you will give it a name and then choose a font and a font style.

Multileaders: Multileader objects are used to create text with leader lines such as general
labels, reference labels, bubbles, and callouts. To create a multileader, use the
MLEADER command. Click the Multileader tool in the Annotation panel or enter MLD
in the Command window. Follow the prompts and options in the Command window.

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After you create a multileader, select it and then modify it by clicking and moving its
grips.

3) Using the above commands draw the structural detailing of the one way slab.

RESULT

The structural detailing of one-way slab was drafted using AutoCAD.

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Civil Engineering Software Lab Department of Civil Engineering

Experiment No: 4(b) Date:

STRUCTURAL DETAILING OF CONTINUOUS SLAB

AIM:

To draw the structural detailing of continuous slab using AutoCAD. Structural detailing of a
typical continuous slab is given below.

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Civil Engineering Software Lab Department of Civil Engineering

SOFTWARE: AutoCAD

PROCEDURE:

1. Particulars of continuous slab: Longer span = 2400mm, Shorter span = 2200mm, thickness=
12 cm, clear cover= 20mm, Bars in longer direction = 10 mm bars @ 150 mm c/c, Bars in
shorter direction = 10 mm bars @ 200 mm c/c.

2. Commands used: Units, layer, line, construction line, ortho, osnap, snap, offset, trim, match,
hatch, break line, dimension, circle, erase, zoom, copy, extend, move etc.

RESULT

The structural detailing of continuous slab was drafted using AutoCAD

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Civil Engineering Software Lab Department of Civil Engineering

Experiment No: 5 Date:

STRUCTURAL DETAILING OF SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM

AIM:

To draw the structural detailing of a singly beam using AutoCAD. Structural detailing of a
typical continuous beam is given below. Draw section AA and section BB.

SOFTWARE: AutoCAD

PROCEDURE:

1. Particulars of singly reinforced beam: Clear span = 6m, Clear cover = 25mm, Depth
of beam = 500mm, Width of beam = 250mm, width of support = 230mm, Main
reinforcement = 3 nos 20mm dia, Top reinforcement (Holding bars) = 2nos 10mm dia,
Stirrups = 2 legged stirrups 8mm dia @ 300mm c/c.
2. Commands used: Units, layer, line, construction line, ortho, osnap, snap, offset, trim,
match, hatch, break line, dimension, circle, erase, zoom, copy, extend, move etc.

RESULT

The structural detailing of singly reinforced beam was drafted using AutoCAD.

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Civil Engineering Software Lab Department of Civil Engineering

Experiment No: 6 Date:

STRUCTURAL DETAILING OF CONTINUOUS BEAM

AIM:

To draw the structural detailing of a continuous beam using AutoCAD. Structural detailing of a
typical continuous beam is given below. Draw section AA and section BB.

SOFTWARE: AutoCAD

PROCEDURE:

2) Particulars of Continuous beam: L1 = 6m, L2 = 6m, Depth of beam = 500mm, Clear cover
= 25mm, Take Ld = 41 × Dia of bar (approximately),

Bottom reinforcement (Section A-A) = 3 Nos 20mm dia bars

Top reinforcement (Section A-A) = 2 Nos 20mm dia bars

Top reinforcement (At support) = 4 Nos 20mm dia bars

Stirrups = 2 legged 8mm dia bars @ 230mm c/c

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3) Commands used: Units, layer, line, construction line, ortho, osnap, snap, offset, trim,
match, hatch, break line, dimension, circle, erase, zoom, copy, extend, move etc.

RESULT

The structural detailing of continuous beam was drafted using AutoCAD

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Civil Engineering Software Lab Department of Civil Engineering

Experiment No: 7(a) Date:

STRUCTURAL DETAILING OF ISOLATED FOOTING

AIM:

To draw the structural detailing of an combined footing using AutoCAD. Structural detailing of a
typical isolated footing is given below.

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SOFTWARE: AutoCAD

PROCEDURE:

PROCEDURE:

1) Particulars of Isolated footing: Size of footing in plan = 2m×2m, overall thickness of

RESULT

The structural detailing of isolated footing was drafted using AutoCAD

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