Years: Atlaatic
Years: Atlaatic
Years: Atlaatic
4~:4~
THOMAS H. ~
Atlaatic His.._..
N. J.
-~:~&.,..~f-, __#~~
L :.._ ✓ .»z_ ,/b~ ..s, ~L---z;,/ ,d.---L...
~ / ~,./~ r- 7--y ~., ►~ ✓
:,ou the followinc, re1a'1ic ~ the "History of Portland Point",
7.~ ,
' •
IAN TllAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL" covering the territory eom-
the HiplaDds of Navesink, Alantic lligblands and Monmouth
ore, from the Ocean to Union I:eacb and from Raritan and Sandy
Yelink Biver, coverillc three hundred and thirteen yean, from the
· Renry Hadaon, to the "Jeasie Hoyt" and "St. John", Captain
1609 to 1922.
k will contain about aeveu hundred p:ages and about one hundred
illuatratio tbe author, Thomas H. Lf.onarcl, bas been forty years in eollectinit
and eom e book will be published by the "Atlantic .Highlands Joarnal" on
aveey of Eu shell book paper and will be bound in green Libhry
Bacmm, lied in pare gold. This book will be •:tractive in any library.
Tbepriee '• net to cover cost.
TO HY BELOVED WIFE.
BY
THOllrlASH. LEONARD
ILLUSTRATED.
1923
THE ATLANTIC mGHLANDS JOURNAL
ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS
NEW JERSEY.
~OPYRIGBTED, 1923.
By
"THOMAS H. LEONARD
.ltlantic Hiplands, N. J
Is.
CONTENTS-Continued.
CHAPTER XXL
l[emories of the Old Famili--Continued •••••••••••••••••••• 128
CH.APTERxm.
Bigh Point-The General Name of Chapel Hill and the Whole
Vicinity At That Time. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . • • 138
CHAPTER DrnI.
The Village of Chapel Hill •••••••.••••••••••••••••••••.•••• 145
CHAPTER XXIV.
Garrett Hill. . . . . • . . . . . . . . • • • • . . . • . . . . • . . • • . . . . • • . . . • . • . . • 157
CHAPTER XXV. .
Bay View-Atlantic Highlands ••••••..••••••••••••••••.••.•• 167
CHAPTER XXVI.
The Bay View Transportation Company-1878-1879 ••••••••.••• 170
CHAPTER XXVII.
'The Steamer "Thomas Collier''-1879 ..••••••••••.••.•••.•••• 173
CHAPTER XXVIII.
The Laying-Out of the Town-1879 •.•.....••••••.•••••.•..•• 176
CHAPTER XXIX.
'The First Building in the Town-1880. . • . • • • • • . • • . • • . • • . • • • • • 180
CHAPTER XXX.
.Foster's Pavilion-1880. . • . • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • . . • • 185
CHAPTER XXXI.
Opening of "Bay View House"-1880 ..•••••••••••••••••••••• 188
CHAPTER X:XXII.
-Year of 1880-1881. • • • . . . • . . • • • • • . • . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 192
CHAPTER XXXIlI.
-()rganization of the Camp Meeting Association-1881 •••.•••••• 199
CHAPTER XXXIV •
.Atlantic Highlands-1881. • • . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • • . • . • • 205
CHAPTER XXXV.
Organization of the First J!l. E. Church in Atlantic Highlands-
1882 ••••••.•.•.•..••.•..••••••••••••••••••.••••••••• 211
CHAPTER XXXVI.
Thi! First Post Office .••••••••..•.••..•.•••••••••••••••••••• 218
CHAPTER XXXVII.
'The Beginning of Our Railroad ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 223
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
llailmad from Hopping Station to Atlantic Highlands Completed-
1883 •••.••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 229
CHAPTER XXXIX.
Description of the First Fire Taken from the "Atlantic Hichlands
Herald," February 15, 1883 ••••••..• • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • 233
CHAPTER XL.
On the Anniversary of a Centenarian. • • . • • • • . • • • • • • • . . • . . • • • 237
CHAPTER XLI.
'The New Fire Apparatus-1883 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 241
CONTENTS-Continued.
CHAPTER XLII.
Oar Summer Resort. • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 248
CHAPTERXLIIl.
A Gala Day-Opening of t.he New Railroad-1883 •••••••••••• 253
CHAPTER XLIV.
The Great Storm-1883. • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 259
CHAPTER XLV.
Year of 1883 •••.•••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••• 262
CHAPTER XLVI.
Buildings Erected Between 1879 and 1890 ••••••.••••••••••••• 266
CHAPTER XLVII.
Business Men's Record of Events. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . • • • • • 271
CHAPTER XLVIll.
The Death of a Centenarian-1884. • • • • • •• • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • 275
CHAPTER XLIX.
Directory-1885-1886 • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • . • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • 284
CHAPTERL
Organjzation of Borough Govemment-Also, the· Atlantic High-
lands Building and Loan Association-1887. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 290
CH.t\PTERLL
Events of 1887, and Report of the Borough's First Fiscal Year .••• 299
• CHAPTER LIL
The Great Blizzard, March 12, 1888. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 304
CHAPTER LIII.
Organization of the Atlantic Highlands National Bank-1889. • • 307
CHAPTER LIV.
Organjzation of Dilrerent Orders and First Business Directory-
1889 ••••••••••• ·-· .••••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••••• 310
CHAPTERLV.
Bridge Connecting Locust Point with Oceanic-1890. • • • • • • • • • • 324
CHAPTER LVI.
Locating Leonardo Station and the Opening of the Navesink
Briclge--1891 •••,. • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 334
CHAPTER LVII.
Miscellaneous Events--1892. • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • • • 353
CHAPTER LVIIl.
Orsanization of Churches and the Establishing of the Water and
Sewer Systems of the Borough-1893 ••.•••••••••••.••••• 386
CHAPTER LIX.
Instances of 1894. • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • 401
CHAPTER LX.
lnc:reasins the Boroll&'h Water Supply and the Dedication of the
111. E. and C. B. Churches--1894 •••••• : ••••••••••••••••• 408
:d.
CONTENTS-Continued.
. CHAPTER LXI.
Events of the Year 1895 ••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••.•• 484
CHAPTER LXII.
"The Atlantic Highlands" As It Appeared to the Editor of "The
Molllllouth Presa" in 1895 ••••.• ; •••.••••••••••••••••••• 448
CHAPTER LXIIl. .
The Atlantic Bigblands Public School-1896 •••••••••••••••••• 466
CHAPTER LXIV.
Old 'nmes in Old Middletown ••••••••••••..••••••••••••••••• 483
CHAPTER LXV.
A Call 'Looting to the ()rpmzation of the Monmouth County
. E ;storical Society-1898.. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 507
CHAPTER LXVI.
Events of the Year 1899 ••••••.••••••••••.••.••••••••••••••• 520
CHAPTER LXVII.
The Building of an Ocean Boulevard Agitated-1900 to 1908. . • • 589
CHAPTER LXVIIl.
Mayor 1ohn H. Van Hater's Message and Trolley Francmses-1908 550
CHAPTER LXIX.
Lec:tare Delivered Before the Y. JL C. A., April 22, 1908, by
William JL Foster ••••• ; •••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 564
CHAPTER LXX.
The Entz,y of the First Electric Car-1908 and 1909 •••••• •· •••• 576
APPENDIX
CHAPTERL.
Borough of Highlands, Highlands of Navesink, Sandy Book and
Navesink-1909 to 1922 ••••••..•••.•••••••••••••••••••• 581
CHAPTER IL
Borough of Atlantic Highlands and Vicinity Since 1909. • • • • • • • • • 594
CHAPTER III.
History of llfiddletown Township Branch American Red Cross •••• 612
CHAPTER IV.
Borough of Keansburg and Vicinity-1918 •••••••••••••••••••• 681
CHAPTER V.
The Greater Port of New York.... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 642
CHAPTER VL
The Early History of Lenison ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 647
. CHAPTER VIL
Ma:,or Snyder'• Administratio-1916 to 1920 ••••••••••••••••• 649
CHAPTER VIII.
Mayor Bendrlcbon Takes Oath of Olllce-1920. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 658
CHAPTER IX.
~ of Boy Scout Troop No. 22. Atlantic Bichlands, N. J.. . • 662
:IIL
ILLUSTRATIONS
Page
Thomas H. Leonard •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Frontispiece
Hudson-Fulton Celebration, Half Koon . ....•.............. text 8
The Halfmoon in SanciJ' Hook Bay .••.•••.••••.•.•••. • opposite 14
Kap of Portland Po:,nt-Kiddletown-Shrewllb'lll'J' •••.•••••• text 18
Konmnent to Captain Joshua Huddy ••••••••.•.••••••• opposite 15
Old Fort ••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••• opposite 46
Western Union Telegraph Tower •••••••..••••••••••••• opposite 47
Sandy Hook Lighthouse .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• text 45
The "Sea Bird" ••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.• opposite 62
Highlands from the Beach ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• text 55
The Old Hennit ••.•..•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••• text 58
Rllina of "Rust in Lust" •.••••..•••••••.•••••••••••••••• text 62
Parkertown (Highlands), 1879-i880 ••••••••••.••.•••••••• text 63
Highlands Neptune Clubhouse •••••••••.•••••••••••••••••• text 65
The Original Water Witch House •.•.••.••••••••••••• opposite 63
Dr.iwbridge and East View House .••••••••••••.••••••• opposite 78
Reproductions of Commissions of Nathaniel Leonard, William
Leonard,John Hoppi.ng ••••••••••••••••.•.••••••• opposite 79
Last of Old Kill of John Burdge Swan •••••••••••••••••••• text 88
The Three Original Boat Landings on Sandy Hook Bay ••• oppositi! 94
Naveaink Baptist Church Property .•••••••••••••.••••• opposite 95
All Saints Memorial Episcopal Church •••••••••••••••• opposite 110
Fint Baptist Church at :Middletown, 1688 •••••••••••••• opposite 111
Monument to Abel Horgan .••••.•••••••••.••.•••.••• opposite 126
The Thomas Leonard Homestead •••••••••••••••••••••• opposite 127
Thomas H. Leonard Homestead, 1871 ••••..•••••••••.• opposite 142·
The Old Leonardville Schoolhouse ...••••••.•.•••••••• opposite 143
First Pier in Atlantic Highlands, 1879 •••.••••.•.••••...•. text 175
View from Point Lookout .•••••••.••••.••.••.••••.•.. opposite 158
Map of Bay View, 1879 .•••••••••••..•••••.•.•••.•.••.•• text 179
Shore VieWB of Atlantic Highlands, 1880-1922 •.••••.•.• opposite 159
East Front, 1880 •••....••••••.•..•••••..•.••••••••.•.•. text 181
Lumber Yard, 1880-1890 •..•...••••••••••.•.•.••••••••• text 183
Foster's Pavilion, 1S80 ..•....•.•••..•.••••••••.•.... opposite 174
Key to View of Foster's Pavilion ••.•.•••••••••••••... opposite 175
The Bay View HolJSI!, 18S0 •••••••••..••••••.••••.••• opposite 190
The Ampitheatre, 1881 ••••.••.••••.••••••••.•••••••• opposite 191
The First Baptist Church, Atlantic Highlands ••••.•••••.• opposite 206
Atlantic Highlands in 1884 .•••••••••••••••.•.•.••••••••• text 224
Everett Hook and Ladder Company No. 1 .•••••••••.....••• text 242
Group of Views of Atlantic Highlands ••••••••••••••••• opposite 207
Catholic Church-Golf Club ••••••••••••.••••.••••••• opposite "238
Map of Central R.R. of N. J ••••••.••••••••.•.•.•••.•..•• text 359
First Presbyterian Church and Parsonage ••••••••.••.•• opposite 239
Central R. R. of N. J. Station, Atlantic Highlands •••••• opposite 271
xllL
Il.LUSTRATION~ntinued
APPENDIX
Sea.qde Hook and Ladder Company •••••••••••••••.••• opposite 43:
Leonardville Schoolhouse Reunion .•••••••.••••••••••• opposite 462
Naveswk Public Library •••.••••••••.•.••••.••••••••• opposite 463
Mandalay Pier and StP.amboat Castleton •.•••••••••••••• opposite 494
Mandalay •.•••••••••••••••••.•.•••••.•.•••••••.••• opposite 495
A. H. H. S. and Middletown High Schools ••..••.••••••• opposite 526
New Community Club Building ••••••••••••••••••••••• opposite 527
Honor Roll, Atlantic Highlands •••••••••••••••••.••••• opposite 542
Atlantic Highlands Shore Front, 1912 ...••••••.•••••••. opposite 558
A Morning Departure ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• opposite 559
Steamboat Sandy Hook •••.••••.•.••••.••••••••.••••• opposite 574
Three Views in Belford •••••.••••••••••••.••••••••.• opposite 575
Three Views in Highlands ••..••••.••••••••••••••••••••.• text 583
Highlands Station ..•..••••••••.••••••..••••.•. _.••.•••••• text 584
Catholic Church .•.............•.•..••••.••••.•••••.••• text 587
Thompson House ..••.•••..•..•••••.••••••••.••••.••••.• text 588
Hotel Martin .•.•.....•.•.••••••••••..••••••••••••••••• text 589
Ocean Boulevard and Center Avenue, Looking East •••••• opposite 606
Some of the Original Troop of Boy Scouts ••••...•..•• opposite 607
View of Carr Avenue, Keansburg •..••..••.•••••..•••• opposite 634
Steamboat Keansburg .•.•.••.•.••.•...•.•••••••••••• opposite 635
Bayside Beacon, Keansburg .•.•..••.......••••••••••••••• text 641
Map of Lcnison, N. J ....•...•.•..••...••.•.•...•••••••• text 648
Testimonial to War Veter:ins ..•....•.••••••••.•••••.•••.• text 653
PREFACE.
'"·
not interest the general reader. Besides bis memoirs that
reach back nearly to the beginning of the century, I had
frequent interviews with other members of the community,
including Edward Hooper, Captain J. H. Skidmore, Nimrod
Woodward, Charles R. Havens, John L Thompson and
Jacob Swan, Sr.
I am also appreciative of the interest taken by the
publishers, Milton R. Shale, Mrs. Eva Shale and Thomas
J. Williams, in the production of this work, also for the
art work contributed by Corwin K. Linson.
The ambition of the writer and collector of incidents
compiled in this book was not to cover any large geograph-
ical area, but to confine it to what was the original "Port-
land Poynt," which was !leceasarily bounded on the north·
by Sandy Hook and Raritan Bays, east and south by the
Naveaink River (North Shrewsbuzy), and on the west by
the Chapel Hill range, Garrett Hill and the balance of
Monmouth North Shore. This is, as well as can be deter-
mined, the original "Portland Poynt." The character and
elevations, with its natural boundaries, as a part of the
. Monmouth Shore, seem to lead the writer, as it were, with
· a prophetic eye, to see in the great future a unity of inter-
ests that will blend in one common municipality all of this
territory, although in the meantime it may be dotted here
and there, over its beautiful hills and dales, with many sep-
arate and independent organized towns.
The effort has been made, at a considerable expense
of time and labor, to acquire the correct history of Port-
land Poynt, from the time of Henry Hudson's first visit to
its shores, in 1609, to the time when the first steps were
taken in the development which resulted in the laying out
and the organization of the first borough, which was the
Borough of Atlantic Highlands. It has been the effort and
desire of the author to record honestly, truthfully and faith-
fully every incident, circumstance and condition, through-
Gut, but he realizes that the result will develop errors, or,
possibly, omissions of characters, that with all bis heart he
would wish otherwise.
The compiling occurred with frequent and wide inter-
missions. The information was gathered from many indi-
. viduals, ·and from different sources, and may develop ap-
parent contradictions, omissions of individuals, positions
and circumstances, with seeming unnecessary contraction
or expansion of details, or facts entirely omitted.
rri.
Trusting to the generous and charitable public, I would
again appeal for leniency, in frequently referring to cir-
cumstances and conditions of a personal character, which
under existing conditions it was impossible to avoid.
Whatever the final conclusion may be, at the present
writing, the one and only object bas .: -ever been lost sight of;
and every effort and enterprise that has been undertaken
or sustained has pointed to one common central object--the
development of our native place, Bay Shore, which has
been my life's work, since December 1st, 1868.
THOMAS. H. LEONARD.
Atlantic ~hlanda, N. J., (Signed.)
February 22, 1922
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL l
CHAPTER L
LA?lo"DING OF HENRY HUDSON.
Sept. 6th (S11Dclay). John Coleman with foar other men started
out in the small boat and went up a :narrow river to the westward; the
land was fo'DD_~ pleasant, with grass and wild flowers. N'ight was com-
ing on. their Jjgtits went out and they loet their way. They were set
upon by two canoes filled with Indians. John Coleman bad an arrow
aent tbro'lldl his throat, and two otl:era were hurt. It was so dark they
could not find the ship. ·
Sept. 7th. Coleman died ,and was this clay carried on land and
barfed. They named the point where they barfed him "Coleman Point"
(now said to be Point Ccmfort).
Sept. 8th. The Indians again came out to the ship with tobacco
and wheat, but the:, said nothing about the death 'of Coleman.
Sept. 9th. Two great canoes came along side filled with men with.
bows and arrows. evidently intending to betray us. We tlnally weighed
anchor and went up the channel
This is the last entry in Iuet•s Journal with reference
to their stay 'JD the Monmouth shore. They then proceeded
up the Narrows and into the north river which now bears
the name of Captain Hudson.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAil.
CHAPTER IL
!:ARLY VISITS OF DUTCH AND ENGLISH TO MONMOUTH
SHORES.
every one was stancline with a weapon. Charles lllorpn and John
Bownea advanced towarils UB. when we asked them what their business
was. They answered that they were tradine- We in9mred if the,
came to trade why did they come with so stronc a force. They answered.
'Indiana were vil1iana and could not be trusted.' We told them we
understood that they had come to irarchase lands. To this they re-
plied, 'We have only come to aee the lands.' We told them that the
lazgeat part had been pmchased by the Dutch. John Bownes asked,
'Under what government.' We told the Engliahmen, 'Under the Di-
rector General and Co'DJlcil,' and that they oapt not UDdertake to
pm-chase lands except they had previously obtained the coment of Gov-
ernor Stuyvesant. John Bownea replied, 'It shall be well' Govert
Loockeman then c:harpd the Engliebm.,n u a party of traitory, to
which they replied, 'The Kins'• patent is quite of another cut.' Loock-
erman then said, 'From whom 1iave you a pass,' and the Encliebmen
replied, 'Manhattan.' "
The Dutch or Hollanders then left in their sloop and
passed up the bay some four miles to the westward. This
was the stand taken by the English people, and their re-
ply, viz., "The King's patent is of quite another cast."-
meaning the English sovereign was about to make a grant
of the country to James, Duke of York, and to send a fleet
and land force to put him in possession.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 7
CHAPTER III.
GRAN'llING OF THE IIONKOUTH PATENT.
(From :records and general history.)
without • ~ but that they may remit the hearing of all erimiDa1 cues
to the IISIIJZes of New York. And furthennore, I do J>NlllllSe and gnnt
unto the.patentees and their associates aforementioned. their heirs. auc-
cessors and aaigns, that they i.liall in all things have equal privileps.
freedom and immunities with any of His Hajesty's aub)ecta within this
government, these patentees and their uaociates, their heirs. 1111ccee-
sors and aaigns, rendering and paying such duties and aclmowledn-
ment as now are or hereafter shall be coustituted and established 1,y
the laws of this government UDder the obedience of His Royal High-
ness, his heirs and successors, ~vided they do not, in any way, in-
fringe the privileges above specified.
Given under my hand oand seal at Fort James in New York on Man-
hattan Island the 8th day of April in the aeventeenth year of the reicn
of our sovereign Lord, Charles the Secoud, by the Grace of God, of
England, Scotland, France and Ireland, King defender of the fifth H.
in the year of 011r Lord God, 1665.
(Siped) RICHARD NICHOLS.
10 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER IV.
FIRST SETl'LERS IN KONKOUTH.
(From records and general history.)
first. Give not away your youthful jollities and sport, but
improve your leisure time in the service of God. If at any
time either of you have an advantage of a poor man at law,
p1Jr11Ue him not, rather forgive him if he bas done you
wrong. Le.t no good man be dealt mean by you, but enter-
tain them when they come to your house. But if a vicious,
wicked man comes, give him meat and drink an let him pass
by your door."
The name of Stout is another that has not died out in
this locality, there being many descendants of the original
Richard Stout, who came here in 1663, and was one of the
Monmouth Patentees. He was one of the original five
settlers. His marriage to the young German girl, Penelope
Van Princes,·is given below. The others that founded this
section of Monmouth County, William Roope, James Grov-
er, John Tilton, William Goulding, Richard Gibbons and
Samuel Spicer, none have descendants residing here, now.
Our ex-Assessor, Jacob T. Stout, and his sons, Jonathan,
Richard and Tilnis Stout, are among the descendants of
Richard Stout.
During the Indian War, a Dutch ship from Amsterdam
was stranded on Sandy Hook. All the passengers were
landed in safety. A young Dutchman with his wife were
among the passengers. He was sick and could not travel.
The passengers being afraid of the Indians left for New
Amsterdam (New York). The young wife would not leave
her husband, and the passengers could not take him with
them. Soon after their departure the Indians came to the
water side, killed the husband and cut and mangled the
woman, leaving her as they supposed dead. She managed
to crawl into a hollow tree, where she remained several
days. An old Indian found her and carried her to his hut
where he dressed her wounds and cured her. Finally the
Dutch of New Amsterdam discovered her and gave her
liberty. Not long after this, she met Richard Stout and
married him. Her origi."1.al name was Penelope Van Princes.
She was born in Holland in 1602, and was twenty-two when
married to Mr. Richard Stout, he being forty. It is said that
she lived to be one hundred and ten, and bore ten children to
Richard, viz., seven sons, Jonathan, John, Richard, James,
Peter, David and Benjamin. The daughters were Mary,
Sarah and Alice. Richard Stout came from Nottingham-
shire, England, his father's name being John Stout. Stout
and Penelope were married in )Jew York and when they
came to settle in Monmouth Comaty he was eighty and she
sixty-two.
12 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER V.
THE FIRST ASSEKBLY
CHAPTER VI.
FIRST PERMANENT ESTABLISHMElli"'T OF HOMES AT
PORTLA.""D POYNT.
•POR.TLAND •••POYNT•
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 19
CHAPTER VII.
ENACTMENTS OF EARLY ASSEMBLIES.
CHAPTER VIII.
MONKOUTH'S SHORE IN THE EARLY AND CIVIL WARS.
CHAPTER IX.
grim pine on Sandy Hook, filling the first white man's grave
in New Jersey. John Coleman, with four shipmates, on the
6th of September, explored the harbor in a small boat. Pen-
etrating "two leagues to an open sea" (Newark Bay), he
reported that the bordering lands ''were as pleasant with
Grasse and flowers and goodly trees as any they had seen,
and very sweet smells came from them." While returning,
the fateful arrow of a treacherous red man ended Cole-
man's voyaging for this world; and now, after nearly three
centuries, in calm the sea still sings a lullaby, and in storm,
a majestic requiem, to the lonely sleeper of this pioneer
grave.
Bu• he did not long occupy alone his sandy and se-
cluded bed. Ships in numbers soon came sailing over the
watery waste to visit this "goodly land," and from then till
now the ribs of many a stout craft have been battered to
fragments on the outer bar of this narrow promontory. The
first shipwreck known to have occurred at this point was
as early as 1620, and connected with the stranding of the
vessel, there has come down to us an account of a most re-
markable instance of the preservation of human life. On
board was a young ~oman from Holland by the name of
Penelope Van Princes, at least such was her maiden name,
that of her husband, who accompanied her, not being
known. Those of the ship's company who reached the
shore in safety made their way on foot to New Amsterdam
(New York). Penelope's husband, being badly injured,
was unable to undertake the journey; consequently she re-
mained with him in the woods on Sandy Hook. Soon after
the departure of their shipmates they were attacked by
Indians, who left them for dead. The husband was indeed
so, but the wife, though fearfully injured, revived. Her
skull was fractured, and her left shoulder so cut and hacked
that she never after had the use of that arm. He" abdomen
had been laid open with a knife so that the bowels protrud-
ed, and were only kept in :place by her hands. Yet. in this
deplorJlble condition, she lived for several days, in a hol-
low tree, sustaining life by eating bark, leaves and gum.
At the end of a week Penelope was discovered by two In-
dians-who· were chasing a deer. One of them, an old man,
treated her with great kindness, conveying her to his wig-
wam, where he dressed her wounds, and finally, when suf-
ficiently recovered, took her to New Amsterdam, where she
was welcome·d by her Dutch friends as one from the dead •
Sometime after, when in her twenty-second year, Penelope·
married John Stout, a man of about forty. This remark-
able woman was the ancestress of the very large and im-
34 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
had taken passage for home. But the list is too long to be
continued here.
We will dismiss the subject of Sandy Hook as a cem-
etery with the mention of the burial of Master's Mate Mor-
ris of the sloop Eagle, a tender to the British seventy-four-
gun ship Poictiers, which was cruising off the Hook in the
year of 1818. His death is associated with a brilliant affair
conceived by Commander Lewis of the United States Navy,
and carried out by Sailing-Master Percival. He borrowed
from some fishermen the smack Yankee, and placing thirty
well-armed men in her hold, left three on deck dressed in
fishermen's garb. Percival then sailed outside, as if bound
for the banks; on nearing the Eagle he lay boldly along-
side, when, at a signal, his men rushed from below and
poured !!uch a volley of musketry on the deck of the enemy
as to strike her crew with dismay, and to drive them all
precipitately into the hold of the vessel. They did not even
have time to fire their thirty-two-pound brass howitzer,
which was loaded with canister. The exultant Americans
quickly took possession of the sloop, making prisoners of
her crew. She was manned by Master's Mate Morris, who
was killed, Midshipman Price, who was fatally wounded,
and eleven seaman and marines, one of the latter being
killed. Mr. Morris and the marine were buried at Sandy
Hook, after which the prize was conveyed to New York,
where a few days later, Mr. Price died, and was interred
with military honors in St. Paul's churchyard.
The New York Post Boy of the 21st of June, 1764,
states that "on Monday evening last, the 18th instant, the
New York lighthouse, erected at Sandy Hook, was lighted
for the first time." This building, which was built of wood,
octagonal in form, and 103 feet high, was probably one of
the earliest beacons on the American coast. The national
archives preserve no record of lighthouses that were erect-
ed previous to 1789, the year of the adoption of the Consti-
tution. Before that time the establishing of shore lights.
had been within the province of the different States. The
twin lighthouses that surmount the wooded heights of the
Highlands, and which so many voyagers on outward-bound
vessels cannot refrain from sadly watching as they drop
further and further astern, were erected during the ad-
ministration of John Quincy Adams. In 1776, when the
British fleet was daily expected on the coast, Captain John
Conover of Monmouth County was ordered to and did
destroy the lamp of the Sandy Hook light, that it might
not aid the enemy's vessels in making harbor. He was af-
terwards taken prisoner; and came so near being han,ed
36 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
SANDY HOOK
HISTORICAL SKETCHES AND RElrlINISCENCES
BY FRANKL!...._ PATTERSON, 1890.
count of the region about Sandy Hook. The lower bay in-
cluded the water extending southwards from the Narrows
to Sandy Hook, then westward toward the mouth of the
Raritan. In a general turn it constitutes all that part of
New York harbor situated below the Narrows. in contra-
diction to the upper bay, or part above the Narrows.
The diary is dated 1609 and the record shows Hudson's
ship "The Half Moon" to have been off Hereford inlet, Cape
May, at noon of September 1st, bound north, northwest, a
fair wind, favored by which she was in sight of Lower Bay
on the day following.
We quote the exact text of the diary, beginning at Sep.
tember 4, 1609. ''So we trimY ied our boate and rode still
all day. At night the wind blew hard at the north west and
our anchor came home, and we drove on shore, but took
no hurt. Thank the God! For the gi:ound is soft sand,"
and as the description of the ground comorms exactly to the
harbor inside the Hook, known as the "Horseshoe," it is
scarcely a question of doubt that this where the Half Moon
grounded.
"This day the people of the country came aboard of
us, seeming very glad of our coming, and brought greene
tobacco and gave us of it for knives and heeds. They goe
in deere skins, loose, well-dressed. They have yellow cop.
per. They desire clothes. And are very civil. They have
great store of maize of Indian wheate, whereof they make
good bread. The country is full of great and tall oaks.
(There are no oaks either on Coney Island or on Sandy
Hook, so it is quite evident that this refers to the Navesink
Highlands, where oaks are abundant and where there were
Indian encampments.)
"In the morning, as soon as the day was light, the wind
-ceased and the flood came, so we hauled off the ships again
into five fathoms of water, and sent our boate to sound the
bay and there were three fathoms hard by the southern
shore. (This southern shore extends from the mouth of the
Raritan to the Shrewsbury. The soundings referred to, were
possibly made near the Atlantic Highlands; subsequent
statements seem more clear.) Our men went out on shore
there and saw great store of men, women and children, who
gave them tobacco at their coming on land. So they went up
into the woods, and saw great store of very goodly oaks,
and some currants. for one of them came aboard and
brought some of them dried, and gave me some, which were
sweet and good. (These were probably huckleberries.)
This day many of tlie people came aboard, some in mantles
of feathers, and some iri skins of .divers sorts of good furres.
FROM INDIAN TRAil. TO ELECTRIC RAIL 43
Some women also came with hemp. They had red copper,
tobacco pipes, and other things of copper, they did wear
about their neck. At night they went on land again, so we
rode very quiet but durst not trust them.
"In the morning was fine weather, and our master
(Hudson) sent John Coleman and four other men in our
boat over to the north side of the sound, the other (Raritan)
river being four leagues from us. (This undoubtedly re-
fers to the Narrows, as subsequent statements will show,
as the Raritan River would be about the distance named.)
They found by the way, shallow water (evidently Romer
shoals), two fathoms, and very good riding for ships, and a
narrow river to the westward between two islands. (No
doubt this refers to Kill von Kull.) The land, they told us,
was as pleasant with grass and flowers, and goodly trees,
as ever they seen, and very sweet smells came from them. So
they went in two leagues and saw an open sea (without
doubt this was Newark Bay), and returned, and as they
came back, they were set upon by two canoes, the one hav-
ing twelve and the other fourteen men.
"The night came on and it began to rain, so that their
matches went out; and they had one man slain, which was
an Englishman, named John Coleman, with an arrow shot
through his throat, and two were hurt. (This fight took
place off the point of Sandy Hook, from which it gained
its early name of "Coleman's Point.") It grew so dark that
they could not find the ship that night, but labored to and
fro on their oars. They had so great a stream thi>.t their
grapnel could not bold them." (Their being in such swift
tide proves that they were near the north point of Sandy
Hook.)
History, after the lapse of many years, refers to Sandy
Hook in connection with Richard Hartshorne, an English
Quaker, who came to America in 1669, taking up his abode
on the Navesink hills, where there was also an Indian en-
campment. From these he soon afterwards purchased a
considerable tract of land, including all of Sandy Hook, and
a portion of the hilly region, where the village of Highlands
is now located. The Highlands possessions here referred
to, are still owned by descendants of ilichard Hartshorne.
On August 8th, 1678, a second agreement was entered
into between Hartshorne and two Indian chiefs, Vowavapon
and Tucus, wherein, by the additional payment of thirteen
shillings, by Hartshorne, the Indians relinquished all rights
to fish, hunt and to gather beach plums on the purchased
property. Why Hartshorne should have desired to ex.:
elude the Indians from the rights to gather plums and to
44 FROM INDIAN TRAIT., TO ELECTRIC RAIL
fish about the bleak and barren shores of Sandy Hook, does
not appear. It is to be presumed, however, that then, as
in late years, Sandy Hook was used for grazing purposes.
and that the marauding parties of Indians and their dogs
may have disturbed the flocks. Whatever the motive was,
the Indians seem to have kept faith with this agreement,
for we find no record of any further trouble with them.
The advisability of erecting beacon or lighthouses on
Sandy Hook seems first to have been considered in 1759-60,
when the subject was suggested to Carteret, Governor of
East Jersey. The project, however, met with disfavor or
neglect, for no direct steps towards establishing a lighthouse
were actually taken till 1761, when the project was revived
by the merchants of New York. At this time the sum of
seven hundred pounds was demanded by Robert and Esik
Hartshorne for the tract of four acres called for. The soil
being about as arid and profitless as possible, the investigat-
ing committee very naturally ch,aracterized the price as
unreasonable. However, there being no other land in a
suitable place for the proposed lighthouse attainable, it
was decided to make the purchase. The rather peculiar
mode of collecting the required means for the purchase of
the site and for the construction of a suitable tower was
devised in May, 1761, when the Assembly of New York
authorized a lottery not to exceed three thousand pounds.
A committee consisting of New York merchants was ap-
pointed to superintend this lottery and twelve months later
they reported that two thousand six hundred sixty-six
pounds had thus been raised. ·
The Hartshorne; deed transferring the "Lighthouse
tract" of four acres to the New York representatives, is dat-
ed May 10, 1762, and accompanying it is a map of the
locality, particularly interesting from the fact that it indi-
cates the original location of the lighthouse to be five hun-
dred feet from high water mark, to the north; while at the
present time, 1890, the geographical position of Sandy Hook
has become so changed by the constant shifting of its sandy
shores, that high water mark north, instead of being five
hundred feet, is one and one-fourth miles. This extension
of Sandy Hook northward is produced by an almost con-
tinual ground-swell flowing in from the southeast, each
swell swashing a quantity of sand northward. This north-
erly flow of sand must continue, and eventually the waters
of the Hudson and Raritan Rivers will reach the ocean
through a narrow channel
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 45
were stationed on the Hook during the whole seven years' war, I have
no doubt but they continued the light most of the ,time, though all
accounts of who kept it are lost. .
A story told me a abort time ago by the grandson of an officer
who bad charge of a small party from tbe Jersey shore, relates that
Lieut. John Schenck landed on the beach one night and knocked the
lantem to pieces. A dent was left in the iron, the mark of a six-
pound ball, which was there until the new Iantem was built about 24,
years ago. The same Lieutenant, John Schenck of the American Army,
was the first keeper that I can find anything about. The keepers have
been appointed from Monmouth County and served in the following
order: John Schenck, from 1809 to 1817; - - Doane, 1817-1825;
Aaron Castler, 1825-1837; Aaron Brower, 1837-1841; John Bartle-
son, 1841-1844; John V. Conover, 1844-1849; David L Patterson,
1849-1853; Nathen Wooley, 1853-1854; Aaron Brower, 1854-1857;
Uriah Smalley, 1857-1861; C. W. Patterson, 1861.
On account of ill health, Mr. Patterson resigned his
commission in 1885 and died at his home in Howell township
in the autumn of the following year. At Mr. Patterson's res-
ignation, Mr. Samuel P. Jewell, the assistant keeper, was
promoted to the keepership, which position he still holds.
Sandy Hook at the present time is a peninsula, six miles
in length, one mile in breadth at the widest point and at the
narrowest point, which is opposite the Highland lights,
scarcely more than 150 feet. This narrow neck of land,
which extends from the beach oppotite the Government
island in the Shrewsbury to Seabright, is frequently inun-
dated by the breakers from the sea during severe storms.
In the great storm of September, 1889, nearly this entire
neck of land was flooded. Several cottages were swept into
the ocean. An inlet was made, 500 yards north of High-
land station, by which the Shrewsbury River was connect-
ed with the ocean. Two weeks later, however, the inlet
had been closed and old oceeu in its stead had rolled
up an immense sand bank. In 1719, by an exceedingly old
map, Sandy Hook is represented as a peninsula, but when
General Howe, in 1778, retreated from the battle of Mon-
mouth by the Navesink road and crossed over to Sandy
Hook, it is clearly stated that he built a temporary bridge
to ••sandy Hook Island," which statement is confirmed by a
chart, published in 1784, which shows it to be cut off from
the mainland by "Shrewsbury Inlet." In 1800 it appears
again as being connected to the mainland. Just previous
to that time, however, it appears again as an island, and still
again in 1830. It was about this time the inlet finally closed.
The British had a garrison stationed at Sandy Hook
during the most part of the Revolutionary War. The light-
house which the merchants of New York had erected there
aufficed for a fort, the stone walls of the tower being thick
enough to withstand the fiercest cannonade known in those
S e e - 41
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 47
CHAPTER X.
THE mGHLANDS OF NAVESINX
(~ption Taken from "Harper's New Monthly Magazine.")
Twenty miles southward on a clear day may be seen
from the Narrows the most eastern curve in a chain of hills
known as the Highlands of Navesink, forming a bold head-
land apparently jutting out into sea. A nearer approach,
however, reveals a shining river guarding the dark bluffs,
and a long, low, narrow strip of sand separating both from
the Atlantic Ocean.
This beautiful region-part of the eastern border of
Monmouth County, New Jersey-although known as early
as 1669, settled more than two centuries ago, and almost
within sound of Trinity Bell, is today as primitively lovely
as if it were a hundred years and a hundred miles away.
The great magician, Improvement, waving bis wand north-
ward and southward, scores of airy structures have sprung
up, the blaze of their many windows lighting up the beaches
and bluffs everywhere from Coney Island to Cape May, save
here. "Thus far shalt thou go and no farther," murmured
the genius of repose, brooding over these sunny hills, and
the bright enchanter fled along the outmost strand, leaving
only the faint lines of a railway and the trailing smoke of a
locomotive to make known its flight.
Thither, then, to the "bonny Highlands" we were
bound on t_he "Sea Bird" one bright afternoon in middle
June. Constituting myself, "guide, philosopher and friend"
of our _party as we steamed down the bay, I related the sad
fate of the gallant young Hamilton Haliburton and bis
twelve comrades, who perished off the low coast of Sandy
Hook by shipwreck, the Countess Dowager of Morton erect-
ing a monument to their "dear memory" in the Sandy Hook
graveyard, where they were buried. A tablet commemorat-
ing the sad event may be seen in St. Paul's Church, New
York. I also did not forget, as we floated past Horseshoe
Harbor, to dwell on the astonishment of the Navesink
Indians as they saw the "mighty canoe of the Great Spirit"
(Half Moon, commanded by Henry Hudson), gliding in
from the watery world beyond, and dropping anchor in its
quiet water.
Entering the placid Shrewsbury, with its high bluffs
on the right and its low sandy beach on the left, the old-
fashioned draw of the long bridge swung la~ly back, and,
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RA1L 53
orbed like the sun, large, round and ruddy, from the east-
ern sea, drawing a second moon from out the deep: and lo!
a thousand little waves ran out to meet her, flushing rosily,
crowding one u-pon another, lifting silver crests to greet her.
From a point a quarter of a mile below the boat-land-
ing, the view of the Highlands is exquisite, especially by
moon light. Looking over the river, one sees them rising,
massive and darkly beautiful. from its water, lifting one
above another, sweeping west and northward, here and
there a twinkle of cot.tage lamps on the nearer slopes, and
higher beyond, like crosses of white fire, the twin lights of
Navesink. So little li"!s the hand of man interlerred with
their primal :i.sriect. these beautif,,I hills present al-tout the
same picture that weeted Henry H•idson two hundred and
seventy years a~o. when he moored the Half Moon in Horse-
shoe Harbor. The whole Navesink region then famous as a
.hunting 11nd fishing ¢round (the name Neve-sinck meaning
"fishing-place), wa.q inhabited by a simple-minded. gentle
-race of Indians--the Neve-sincks, a branch of the Del-
:awares.
Al)!"opos of the Indians and their treatment by the
:settlers of East Jersev. Shawuskuhlmns:. a chief of the Del-
-awares, Mid in an :iddress to the New Jersey Le'tislature:
"Not a drop of our blood have you spilled in battle: not an
acre of our ground have you taken but by our own consent.
Nothing but bC>r.isom; can fall upon New Jersey from tht
lips of a Lenni Lennap"'e."
The rext morn:ni. sc,me fr.ends from the Pavilion
joined U!J in 011.- trh to the J:cz-hthouse; one a young lady
artist, tlie other a c:t,1dent. l"okin~ exceedingly picturesque
in his bro~d som!-re.-.... :i.r1,-' ., Ion'!: linen duster, in a quaint,
Capuchin fa!lhion, b•1t s-~~:i:: le withal.
We reached the t')J of the hill, after a long climb, on
the s?uthe·;i •i,-l~ of the lighthouse.
El'lt"r;~~ the room next to the northern tower, noting
the hu;-c vessels of lard-oil, we followed our guide, the keep-
er, up a narrow stairway winding up to the second landing.
Here we paused a moment to look at the paraphernalia of
the lighthouse.
The Highland lights ar.e both Fresnel fixed white lights
of the first order, burning from two to four gallons.apiece
nightly and showing as far as the curvature of the earth
adnuls, th~ apparatus costing about $53,000.
The lighthouses--one an octagon, and the other a
square tower-f:ink :i long, low, baWemented building
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 55
The views from the o~:ter gallery n~·.i~a th-:? l:..n;, are
lovely beyond description. Twenty m:les northward,
through an atmosphere than, pure and clear as crystal, may
be seen the waters of the Narrows--a gEr,t of silver be-
tween the da.rk bluffs of Staten Islar.d and Rockaway
beaches; and nearer, yellow Sandy Hc.ok. its bay and
harbor; westward, stretching away in sunshine, in gentle
undulations, like an emerald sea, the forest-cl:::d dighlands;
below, wooded banks sloping to the Shrewt:.,..iry and the
56 FROM INDIAN TRkIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER XI.
THE HARTSHORNE$ OF THE HIGHLANDS.
("The Harper's New Monthly Magazine.")
Hartshorne is one of the oldest names in the Highlands.
The first member of the family, Richard, came over from
London in 1666, settling what is still called Portland Place.
He belonged to the Society of Friends, was a man of excel-
lent character, and held important offices under the Pro-
vincial Governors. Hugh Hartshorne figured later in
Colonial times as one of the twelve proprietors of East
Jersey, in connection with William Penn.
With the characteristic spirit of the good old .Jersey
famii:es, the Hartshornes have preserved their broad acres
alm::s~ intact. s:cadily resisting so-called improvement,
than:~:; to ,vllich spirit, one can behold the Highlands
wrapped today in the
. . . ,. - ,· £;. "~· ·,.- .
C'lll:':r'~=--_..,_·"'~.-=. ~---;--~§;=--.~~---.,-.,""."):"",~;:-:"",s'.."'·'"':,..·--c~;~ syh-an beauty of their
1
- • .~'" ·~.. ,· ~:~•,;_s_.~~~~- p~1ma ~orn.
1
>,ii.·., ·; WY..£1~.lJ: fr Theres an old gen'-
., "' · ~,;. -.n'~ · •·.• i~ leman libbin' up in de
~ ~-. ', ~ ~ · ,~·oods yonder; mebbe
' :_;-: .:'le- • .rous all would like to
see him. Folks call
h:m Uncle Samm:r, the
h-~:·mit," exclaimed
Pompey; suddenly
reining up his horse.
"Certainly," s a i d
we; and alighting, we
had not penetrated far
up the wooded slope
when we discerned a
faint line of smoke
curling up among the
rees from a rude chim-
. ney at the corner of
t h e hermit's cabin.
Sending t h e Doctor
ahead, as the most
.. . discreet member of
our party, to recon-
~=====:::!==H§RM~~n-=-=--===rn=-i! noitre, we stole quiet-
ly and seated ourselves
on the trunk of a fallen tree to await events.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 59
CHAPTER XII.
CHAPTER XIII.
ESTABLISHMENT OF CHURCHES, SCHOOLS AND
INDUSTRIES AT THE liIGHLANDS.
this time. In our war with the British, the beacon did good
service in calling the militia of the county to the front.
The following is the form of a commission given to
officers of this period, in the thirteenth year of His
Majesty. George the Second's, reign.
Nathaniel Leonard, named in this commission, was
the grandfather of Thomas Leonard, the great-grand-
father of the writer.
After the lapse of seventy years, we again find two
commissions given to James Hopping and William Leonard
(grandfathers of the writer) from the free hand of Liberty,
represented by the state of New Jersey, one of the noble
and brave thirteen that made up the original Union of
States.
The first permanent light-house erected on the High-
lands, about 1765, as it appears in "'Smith's History of
New Jersey," (published at that time), says, "At the High-
lands of Navesink, the New York Merchants have erected
Commoders Light-Houses for the security of Navigation."
Land was purchased for the purpose for "Twin Light-
Houses" from Nimrod Woodward by the United: States
Government, July 26, 1826. The first appropriation was
made in that year, an~ the building was ready for use in
1828. It was rebuilt and improved in the year 1840, and
again in 1862. The last effort was the most extensive, and
of a character worthy of its location and use.
The towers stand three hundred feet apart. The
lights are two hundred and forty-eight feet above the level
of the sea. Height of towers from the base to light is fifty-
three feet. The lanterns are first-class lens, both fixed,
and visible over twenty-two nautical miles at a point fif-
teen feet above the level of the sea. The south tower is
square; the north, octagonal. They are the lugest, high-
est lights on the Atlantic Coast.
The keepers of the Highlands Lights, since 1828,
have been: Joseph Doty, James Wilson, Joseph Lopez,
Joseph I. Thompson, James D. Hubbard, Sam'l Mullen,
Gorden Sickles, Smith Conover, Tabor Chadwick, Charles
Van Allen, and Daniel Calkins.
The schooner "Monmouth" was built at what is known
as the Black Fish Hole, near the Neptune Club House.
She was known as the first vessel built in this part of the
country.
The Atlantic Pavilion commenced its history when a
Mr. Hartman leased a small piece of ground from Robert
Hartshorne, and erected a small building thereon, which
was finally purchased by Sheriff Joseph L Thompson, to-
gether with about eight acres of land. The hotel accom-
REPRODUCTIONS OF COMMISSIONS OF
NATHANIEL LEONARD, WILLIAM LEONARD, JAMES HOPPING
See pase 78
FROM INDIAN TRAIL '1'0 ELECTRIC RAIL 79
CHAPTER XIV.
NAVESINK VILLAGE
A SKETCH FROM THE PEN OF THOMAS LEONARD.
walk two to four miles, returning and doing 1lheir chores at night.
The:, experienced something the children now days know but little of.
The farm of John Bowne (his ancestors being some of the first
aettlers of New Jerse:,), was more than a mile in length. The eastern
extent wss at the house of Julia Stillwell, which still remains, where
the school children bought cake and candy more than seventy :,eara
ago. On this farm of John Bowne there was a school house built
&bout the :,ear 1825, near the corner of C.intral and Hillside avenues,
the onl:, school house for all that section of country, from Garrett Bill
to the ocean, for a space of twenty :,ears. The school building wu
moved to the west side of Julia Stillwell's dwelling and still remaim,
1887.
When I went to school, Julia Stillwell's house was the only dwell-
ing house to be seen from the school house. Joshua Robbins, Rice
Hstsell's. Joseph Maxson's, on the Hill were all built afterwards. On
the south side were Harr:, Sadler, Joseph Davis, Obadiah Davis and
William Davis, SODII of John Davis. At Navesink, business WIIS ver:,
dull; the leading mechanics and carpenters were the Davis family.
The:, were bom carpenters, but there was but little work to be
done in the place. John, the eldest son of Joseph, moved soon to a
neighboring town, and was a carpenter and farmer. Jose~h, another
son, went to New York, learned the carpenter trade, marned and re-
turned to Navesink and became a leading citizen. Obadiah also
learned the carpenter trade, but was compelled to move awa:, to get
work. William also learned the carpenter business and worked at it
most of his life in Riceville, now Navesink, and vicinity. The children
all followed in the footsteps of their fathers. If the:, had come on the
stace of action at the time Atlantic Highlands was to have been built
11p it would not have been necessary to have sent abroad for builders.
The:, could have done all the work.
The Goodenough famil7 (sash and blind manufacturers) were azi
industrious people, but they could not get steady work at their tzade.
t.11e:, being compelled to seek business in other wa,a. The :,oung ma
were compelled to go :away, to seek business. and 1lhe :,ouug ladies wen
likewise compelled to go away, too, when the :,oung men came and pied
hard for them to do so.
In 1830, about this time, there came a merchant in the p ~ b7
the name of Rice Hatsell. He appeared to have had a little capital,
and sold some thinga ver:, cheap, which caused a great rush to bia
store. Be credited those that did not have the mone:, and there were
a eood man:, who appreciated bia kindness, and it aeem'ed for a tim•
to make thinr-, very prosJM!rous. Hatsell could not stand it long and
when his creditors e&u1e from New York he went to parts unknown;
and they named the place after him, Riceville.
The lowe::- Highlands was called b:, the 'liartabome family Port-
land Place, they being the first settlers. The people farther west
called their settlement High Point, and when the meeting house WU
built on the Hill, it was called Chapel Hill
No denomination of preachers had ventured down aa far as m-
Tille :,et. The Methodist circuit ministers preached in the house of
Susan Tilton at Leonardville, once in two weeks, at first. I well
remember letting down the bars :Cor the minister on a Saturday
afternoon. There were a few Baptists scattered up and down the
hilla-the family of Uncle John Burdge, below Riceville, the family
of John Bowne, farther west, William Leonard's family at Leonardville,
alao Matthias Conover aiid family, consisting of sons, Corneliua,
William and Rulif, and daughter Wilhempe, who married WilliazD
Roope (their children were Mathias and Elisabeth), on Ba:, Shore.
Alao, others worslliped at the chllrch in the villap of llliddletown.
84 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
The people of ltictmlle knew there was a SUDday, for Uncle Jolm
D. Bmdn got them together on that day to attend tae Sabbath
School after the ac:hool fiouse was built, about 1825. Father Roberta
supplied the Baptist churches at llliddletown and Holmdel. and -
aionally preac:hed at Riceville.
About this time, 1830, the Methodists, having procured the meet-
Ing house at Chapel Hill. held regular services there every Sabbath.
Tlie Baptists baVlllg increased in numbers at Riceville, the mother
church at Middletown thougiht it best to built a small meeting home
there and have occasional preaching. This was about 1832. Father
Roberts supplied these churches for twelve :rears. from 1825 to 1837,
his salary being three hundred dollars a year, and his circuit coverings
an area of about forty miles. Spiritual as well as temporal thinlta
were at a very low ebb at Riceville at this time, with no regular preach-
ing services.
About this time the temperance reform was commenced. Father
Roberts. the great temperance reformer, with the assistance of Stewart
and Loudenslager of the llrlet.hodist Chuch, held temperance meetings
at Riceville and other places in the neighborhood. The influence of
this eft'ort was soon felt among those who bad formed the habit of
drinkini. A Temperance Society was formed and it was joined by
hUDClreds, both old and young. 'there was scm-cely a member of the
church who did not sign the pledge. Scores of younf people signed
who never bad tasted of liquor, for the purpose of exerting an influence
on their associates.
Up to this time there were about half-a-dozen taverns in the town-
mp. At Chapel Hill there was one each side of the meeting-house,
where people flocked from 'all the surroUDding coUDtry. Often, when
under the influence of liquor, they would disturb the religious services.
It was carried to that extent that one night they locked the whole
church and congregation in the meeting house. Brother Samuel
Bowne soon got out of a window and. being a blacbmitb, he _procured
some tools at a neighboring shop and soon let them all out. They ran
to catch the disturber but he r:in away 11.nd never returned. The tem-
perance people exerted their influence to such an extent by holding
meetings in di1ferent places in the township, that there was but one
tavern left to demolish. ·
About this time. two old residents of the Bigbl:ancJs. Edmond and
Charles Woodward. sons of the original Nlmrod Woodward started a
general store business for a short time, but soon dissolved partnership.
Charles purchased a farm near the village. which he cultivated for
many years. Edmond became a __prominent citizen. purchased land,
and built several houses in the village and vicinity.
In referring to the men of Riceville and vicinity, beside the
Davis family I have already spoken of, there were Daniel Bowne,
Major Johnson and Joseph Johnson (the father of Thomas Johnson).
The old family of Johnsons in Revolutionary War times, owned a
large porportion of the Old Woman mn woodlands. ha connection with
John Davia and Daniel Bowne, south and west of Naveaink. The
Delavan family owned a large tract of land down toward Claypit
Creek. on the north side. Hiram. the most ~ e n t man among them.
moved with his whole family out west. David Gordon lived on the north
of the Claypit Creek and Captain John llrlanon, the father of William
and annclf.ather of our present Timothy JlaDon. lhed on the 110ath
aide. One aoD by the ume of Jolm moved out wat. F.arther dowa
the creek was the :farm of Jolm D. Burdge. who kept a criat mill and
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 85
CHAPTER XV.
NAVESINK'S PROMINENT. FAMILIES.
CHAPTER XVI.
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FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 95
CHAPTER XVII.
LEONARDVILLE
stones and threw them until they were all broken. Word
would go home to the trustees and parents that he had
broken all the bottles and would drink no more, if they
would let him continue the school. This did not last.
When the great horse race was to be run between
Eclipse and Sir Henry on Long Island, 1825, Schenckly
wanted to have another frolic, and he must leave the school
and go to see the race. I well remember the even-
ing he returned. It was our week to board him. The
teachers boarded around, a week in a place. Our folks
had a "quilt up." It was a cool enough night to have some
fire. Schenckly was sitting in one comer acting very
stranirely. He picked up the tongs and commenced punch-
ing the fire and hollering out. "Do you see him, do you see
him." The delirium tremens were coming on. I ran fright-
ened out of the room. He never took the school again.
We had one more teacher of this character. He was
a great cow doctor. Cows that were fed on salt hay
through the winter would often be weak in the spring. Mr.
Sargent would go around among the farmers and pick
up several dollars, and get a drink too, doctoring their
cows, in addition to the amount he received for teaching.
About this time, 1825, Richard and myself, worked
on the little home farm. We were digging potatoes. At
that time, they were not gener:i.lly used, and there was
but little demand for them in New York. One of our neigh-
bors, the father of Squire Joseph Bowne, came out in the
lot where we were digging them and he and father were
talking about them in our hearing. 1\Ir. Bowne said, "If
the people continued planting such large patches, about
three-quarters of an acre, and they continued yielding so
abundantly, they would not bring any thing in New York,
for they brought but shilling and six-pence a bushel."
They soon produced five times as many, and prices went up
to eight shillings a bushel.
Leonardville was named when the post office was es-
tablished, between 1850 and 1860. The farmers would
not sell their land and the laboring people were too poor
to pur.:hase any. The farmers would build occasionally
a small house for their laborers. The first improvement
in the village was Samuel Bowne's blacksmith and wheel-
wright shop, in 1824. After father retired permanently
from boating he turned his attention chiefly to farming.
He had the land, he had the boys, and he shoved both to
the fullest extent. If there was a demand for an article
of produce, he generally had it.
FROM INDIAN TRAJL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 105
CHAPTER XVIlI
cmcUMSCRIBING WEST PORTLAND POINT.
CHAPTER XIX.
THE SHORE ROAD THROUGH WAKAKE AND SHOAL
HARBOR. AND THE PROPHESY, IN FIVE PARTS.
and never gave him ·any trouble. How the old man's
difficulties ended, we never knew.
As we followed the shore road, we came to a fine
little settlement of dwellings, and among them, on the
corner, the Port Monmouth Post Office, where the Rever-
end William V. Wilson had been post-master. This settle-
ment was the natural result of the water enterprises at
that time.
In 1855 the Port Monmouth Transportation Company
organized. This company had larger ideas of business
than any of the others that had started on the Moumouth
shore, excepting the Florence City and Union City Com-
pany, and the R::::-itan ~.nd the Dda-.,:are Bay Company,
each of those h~"ing a raHroad-to-'\Vashington "bee in
their bonnet."
This firm buil: a "'1-:::· c,f about two thousan-.: feet in
lc::1gth in the bay, to fairl.i,· cleep ,vater. They built the
steamer "Eagle" to accommodate the farm produce and
the merch~nts' supplies for their stcres; also, the passen-
ger tr::-.vel, as well. A large hotel was built near its land-
ing.
A plank road was built from the pier to ~Iiddletown
Village. Stage companies were formed to connect from
all points, even as far away as Long Branch, as this was
pre,ious to the railroads. A large barn and stable, with
shed room, was built to accommodate, while the steamer
was on its way to ~nd from the city. This was a great
accommodation to the publk.
The writer well rc,n~::,:J~;·s the lonz trips on the pier,
especially ir. the •..-inter, -:~·i\·i,,~ a runaway tea:n, to r.1eet
his father. The cold, noise of the steamboat coming to
her landing, 1.he escaping steam, the shouts of the Captain
to the crew, receiving their orders, and the crowds of teams
awaiting their turns, produced a sem,ation I never was able
to overcome- But when we were on our way home, over
the Plank Road to Bray's Corner, we thought we were
almost in the better world.
This enterprise lasted for a time. It was followed
by a dock, built on the shore, near Compton's Creek,
abreast the sedge banks. This, like the Middletown Trans-
P?rtation Company's dock at Applegate's Landing, pre-
viously spoken of, was less expensive, in no danger from
the ice, and it served a good purpose.
The General Government assisted the company! in
dredging out a channel to the shore, and, with a light
draft steamer like "Orient," followed by the steamer "Wil-
liam V. Wilson," of about the same draft, answered very
well for several years, until the building of the New York
118 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER XX.
REPRESENTATIVES OF THE OLD FAMILIES
OF LEONARDVILLE
CHAPTER XXL
MEMORIES OF THE OLD F AMII.IE..~
CONTINUED
CHAPTER XXII.
WGH POINT
THE GENERAL NAME OF CHAPEL mLL AND THE WHOLE
VICINITY.
(ABOUT 1809)
High Point-last, but not least, in many things per-
taining to a village, and individual necessities,-covered
an extensive territory. It also embraced in its history
many prominent individuals, in many different walks of
life.
Almost all the professions have had their representa-
tives--the minister, doctor, undertaker, farmer, merchant,
debater, mechanic, hotel proprietor, miller, and many
others.
lts northeast territorial extremity would be known as
the "Cooper Farm," afterward known as the "Stillwell
Farm," and, at the present writing, 1895, "Leonard Park,"
it having been purchased by Thomas H. Leonard twelve
years previous.
Samuel Cooper was a prominent figure in the social
and agricultural line, while his brother, John Cooper, was
~onsidered one of the greatest and most eloquent preach-
ers of the age (about 1809).
Through the personal efforts of Andrew Winter, Sr.,
who will be referred to later, a meeting house was built
for him on the Hill, adjoining the farm, for his use. This
building was the first meeting house erected below Middle-
town, and, from the time of its erection and occupancy, the
name of ••High Point" gave place to· ••chapel Hill."
The new organization was called · the "Independent
Baptist Society and Congregation." June 17, 1809, the
following trustees were elected:- Re,gerend John Cooper,
John Stillwell, Henry Johnson, Job Layton, William :Mor-
ris and John Johnson.
The "High Point Chapel House" was thus occupied,
until about 1828, when -:Mr. Cooper changed his views,
and ·became of the Wesleyan faith, and organized a :Metho-
dist Episcopal Church, October 13th of that year, with the
following trustees:- James Lewis, William Baker and John
Taylor.
The "High Point Chapel House,'' was used for their
meeting house until a church was erected about 1850 at
Riceville, where they moved in a body, without reorganiza-
tion. ·
FROM INDIAN TRAU. TO ELECTRIC RAU. 13~
CHAPTER XXIII.
THE VILLAGE OF CHAPEL HILL.
CHAPTER XXIV.
GARRETI' HILL
The followillc article, a description of Garrett Bill, by Katherine
Prence, appeared in the New YO?"k Evening Post, August 20, 1898.
GARRETT HILL
An Atlantic Bi&')llanda Landmark-The "Splendor" of Ita Position-
The Lower Bay at lta Feet-Ita Revolutionar, Histoey-Talea
of the Taylors and Stillwells--Ricbard Applegate'• Career-A
Quaint Will and Testament.
full share of the burden of the time, and in her long old
age loved to beguile the third generation witli tales of stir-
ring days gone by.
During the military operations connected with the
battle of· ::Monmouth Court-house, ran one of her memories.
a part of the British army, under command of Lord Corn-
wallis, actually encamped for a time on Garrett Hill. At
the earliest rumor of its approach. Elizabeth Stillwell gath-
ered her valuables. babies included, and fled to neighbor
Taylor, the hospitable and secure. And so it happened
that when Lord Cornwallis adopted the Taylor house for
his headquarters, disposing the troops on the hillside round
about, Elizabeth and her children shared his roof.
Cornwallis she described as stout and of large frame,
with small eyes. black and keen. Because of his gout he
walked little, but sat much at a table, writing and talking
with his officers. In the latter hours of the day, he drank a
greal: deal of brandy, and toward eleven o'clock two guards,
taking him under either shoulder, would help him upstairs
to bed, whence he would emerge at about ten the next
morning. Lord Cornwallis was lively and talkative, and
little Mary Stillwell, Elizabeth'A seven-year-old daughter,
called forth his tireless merriment. Taking her on his
knee, he liked to ask:
"Where is your father, :Mary?"
"Gone to fight the Tories. sir."
Upon which the General, chuckling delightedly,
would set the guileless little maid to singing all her reper-
toire of rampant Whig songs.
Rashly wandering from the maternal apron-strings.
this same small Mary once ventured a reconnaissance
among the tents of the camp-followers, there to discover
no less a treasure than her own best short-gown displayed
on the person of a scandalous unknown. Making all haste
to the fount of authority, the indignant infant denounced
the wrong, and Cornwallis. with as much promptitude as
gallantry, despatched an orderly to bring the offender in,
dealt swift justice, and solemnly restored the short-gown.
Three years and more after the day when the British
army, bleeding, exhausted, and fainting.under intolerable
heat, hurried past along the high road from :Monmouth
battlefield to the sea-three years and more after the kind-
l;r British General and his child-pet had exchanged a life-
time's farewell, Garrett Hill again took part in the war's
main history.
Cornwallis, now at Yorktown, fast caught within his
own trenches. was desperately entreating Clinton, safe in
160 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
•Mistress Stillwell took the two children from the room, and in. a
few minutes, the little To17 clothed in homespun went back to the
camp, while a little lady, bright as a flamingo, instead of running to
meet the Quartermaster of the first regiment, Monmouth Militia, as she
bad planned to do on the first appearance of the gown, walked proudly
in and made a most elaborate conrtesy to Lord Cornwallis, the British
Commander, who kissed her and gave her a gold piece, then teased her,
calling her his little red-coat. ,
'l'he months and years passed away and Mary, living in the heart
of the war, bad many adventures, but of none did her children and
grandchildren lo-;re to hear so well, as of the recovery of the little red
gown at the intervention of the British General, and never would Mis-
tress Stillwell hear a word against Lord Cornwallis, whOSI! unfailing
conrtesy and kindness made her forced residence at the Royalist H'!&d-
qnarters so endurable."
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 167
CHAPTER XXV
BAY VIEW-ATLANTIC filGHLANDS
CHAPTER XXVI
T1IE BAY VIEW TRANSPORTATION COMPANY
1878-1879
CHAPTER XXVIl
THE STEAMER "THOMAS COLLIER."
1879
bejunApr: 19.1880.
The. M. f. 5unday5thod ol
5ea Bright held prCNIC. here
roil d 1e1.9 ~I~~~- Em~/.'1.S~-
Capl Thos.Johnson Calcrer.
offlcef6eoP.7ay.N.<l).
✓HO
To».IMartin
t>arber.Shop
1860
W!!.'M.F,onaR.
CHAPTER XXVIll.
THE LA YING OUT OF THE TOWN
1879
CHAPTEB XXIX.
THE FIBST BUILDINGS IN TOWN
1880
CHAPTER XXX.
FOSTER'S PAVILION
1880
CHAPTER XXXI.
~~-11::z/~~;.
~an.1-lli!tfiat.bon'vw
CHAPTER XXXII.
1881
CHAPTER XXXIU
ORGANIZATION OF THE "CAMP MEETING ASSOCIATION."
188L
CHAPTER XXXIV.
ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS-1881.
CHAPTER XXXV.
ORGANIZATION OF THE FIRST llrL E. CHURCH IN ATLANTIC
mGHLA..."ID~1882.
of thr room, sitllated on the ground ffoor in the southeast part. of tbe
lnlildinr, lmollrn as "Foster's Hotel." as a Barber Shop, for one :,ear
from this date aforesaid (Doctor Georse D. Fa:, having an olllce
adjoining.)
Thomu Hartin agrees that for the use of said room, he will
pa:, to the Kid W-llliam 111. Foster the 1111m of aevent:,-five dollan
($75.00), on the fifteenth da:, of Jal:,, A. D. 1882. And he further
agrees that he will keep the whole of said propert:, in good condi-
tion, and at t:he cloae of the :,ear will amrender the whole of said
property to the said William llL Foster, in u good a condition u the
rme now is, necaaarJ' wear e>nl:,
And if the said Thomas Martin
ezcel.~ refllae, neglect, or in any
manner fail to pa:, the aid smn of mone:,, or to keep and perfodD
tbia qreement, then the said William llL Foster, or his legal repre-
aentativea, ahall have the right to take the said propert:, from said
Thomas Martin and keep the same in his, Williani llL Foster's poa-
Hlllion.
And the said Thomas Martin agrees that he will not allow the
111e or sale of an:, beers or intoxicating beverages in his shop. And
aid Thomu Xartin fnrther agrees that he will prohibit the plaJinc
or 111e of ca:zids, dice and all other instruments of gambling in Im
shop, and he will not carr:, on an:, business but that of a barber.
And the Kid Thomas Martin further agrees that he will not sell or
allow to be sold an:, goods or merchandise except abirta, collars, cu«..
perfumer:,, neck-ties, hair oil, razors, soap, combs and brushes.
In witness whereof the said parties have hereto set weir handa
and seals. the day and year first aforesaid."
The fact presented itself to those interested that the
wharf should be lengthened to accommodate the large
railroad and excursion boats we wished to have come to
Atlantic Highlands. The second extension made by Thom-
as and Thomas H. Leonard had served a good purpose,
but the present service required more water.
The Camp-meeting Association appointed Thomas
Leonard, J. C. Nobles .and Thomas H. Leonard to try to
secure about five thousand dollars, giving the completed
wharf as security for the loan.
We repaired to Red Bank, to see W.W. Conover, who
quietly listened to our story and, when we were through,
said "I do not mind to be called a rogue, but I do not wish
to be called a fool-to loan on that security/' We hasten-
ed away, as he was very pl.ain and forcible in his remarks.
We had no Association property that was free from mort-
gage, to .add to the security.
While on the way home I called my fellow-committee-
men's attention to a fact that had just occurred to me-
that I knew of that amount of money in Brooklyn. llrlr.
Charles Booth, my brother-in-law, had the money.
. I was delegated by them to go to the city, and see him.
I .~d so, staying all night, and arranging for the money.
'1Vlng him personal secmty for the same-this resulted
m a heavy loss to me.
214 FROM INDIAN TR.AIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER XXXVI
THE FIRST POST OFFICE
1885
Georse Macker F. M. Gillett
Thomas Jennillp lllartin Dowd
S. T. Champion
1887
William P. Irvin Perey Falkinblll%
George Jenkinson
1888
Lewis S: Seulthorp James Freeman
Samuel T. White John F. Brush
J'ohn S. Conover Lambert D. Brush
John Gorman Charles A. Fort
H. A. Clark Fred Roberta
Owen Keehan
1889
John C. Kitchell Fred Linden
S. S. Morris E. H. Cook
Obadiah B. Irwin John Fannan Hilla
W. H. Posten. Jr. John Rise
Ecbert F. Lnfbmrow Thomas Gdey
Herbert i:elley Kartin Brown
JI(. L. Dolby
1890
James Kartin John J. Dowd
w. L. Genin Peter S. Conover
1892
A. F. Flumerfelt Charles W ~
HONORARY MElllBERS-1882
James E. Lake David Collins
J.C. Nobles C. W. Van Pelt
John M. Johnson Edward Hooper
Thomas H. Leonard Thomas Leonard
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 223
CHAPTER XXXVII.
THE BEGINNING OF OUR RAILROAD
1882
Toward the close of the boarding season, a meeting
was called, to be held at the Grand View Hotel, for the
purpose of improving the interests of the town. Several
members of the Gillett family were boarding at the Grand
View at the time; among them were Messrs. B. W. Gillett,
F. M. Gillett and father, and Jerome Gillett; also present,
Messrs. Parish, Emery, Everett, Collins, Leonarda, S. T.
Champion, Charles Booth of Brooklyn, and others.
The Gilletts, in company with William E. Andrew,
were negotiating and purchasing large portions of the hill
property, back of the town, at the head of First Avenue.
Mr. J.C. Nobles was operating property at the foot of the
hills, and adjoining First Avenue, known as Hillside.
They called the meeting for the purpose of widening
and improving First Avenue, which is one mile in length.
The property adjoining the Avenue was in the hands of a
large number of owners, as it had been divided up into
fifty-foot lots for its entire length.
The matter was put in the hands of the Citizens'
Land Improvement Association, which gave it to a com-
mittee, consisting of Thomas H. Leonard, W. E. Andrews,
PJchard A. Leonard, George H. Sickles and John E. Bowne.
The Citizens' Land Improvement Association, with J.
C. Nobles, president and J. H. Leonard, secretary, was
formed soon after the formation of the Atlantic Highlands
Camp.meeting Association, and other real estate interests.
It ran contemporary with them. It was composed of the
!'lost progressive men of the neighborhood and real estate
interests of the place, and bad an existence of about three
Years, ending its active life, as all others did, about 1884
-:85, leaving the community, for the years 1885--86
without any operating organization; until the s1>ring of
1~~7, when the people concluded to form a regular mu-
ruc1pal government, combining all the real estate interests
of the place, with the exception of the Hillside and Brev-
ent Park interests.
The principal work of the Citizens' Land Improve-
ment Association was the widening of First Avenue and
the construction of a railroad in Atlantic Highlands; also,
224 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
NAMES
Atlantic Highlands Amloc:iation William Schenck
Thomas Leonard Martha Jlills
James H. Leonard William H. Seely
Edward T. Bmdge .1olm B. Jlills
Charles T. Leonard Kn. Kartin Dowd
Joseph L Thompaon Kn. :Jar:r E. Atkins
John J. Leonard Edward Bowne
George T. Sherman
This document was dated December 9th, 1861. l\lany
of the signatures were procured in March of 1882, by
Thomas Leonard, J. C. Nobles, James H. Leonard and
Thomas H. Leonard, and others. Great patience and effort
were required. ;
It also included the great debate that occurred the
25th of March, between J. C. Nobles and Tabor Cook, of
Port Monmouth, a land owner on the line of the road. Their
audience was composed of Thomas Leonard, S. T. Cham-
pion, Jam.es H. Leonard and Thomas H. Leonard. The
subject was the advantage and disadvantage of a rail-
road. The debate was interesting in the extreme, as both
gentlemen were gifted orators.
The year, 1882, closed with very substantial advance,
and the actual building of the railroad. The citizens' meet-
ings at the close of the year were well attended, and special
interest was developed, at this time, and a committee was
appointed to visit Keyport and work with a l;ke committee
of that place, in a railroad project, from A.tlantic High-
lands to Keyport, and with the Freehold and Keyport Rail-
road, to connect with the New York and Long Branch
Railroad at Matawan.
This scheme was very strongly favored by Reverend
W. V. Wilson and others owning property on the route.
The following is an extract from the Keyport Weekly,
December 28, 1882, in the interest of the above project:
THE RAILROAD
(From the Keyport Weeki:,.)
"We are afraid that our business men do not realize
the necessity of making an earnest effort to obtain a rail-
road from Atlantic Highlands to· this place, as but few of
them turned out to the meeting on Wednesday evening.
F~r our part, we do not see how they can be so supine in
this matter, and only account for their negligence of the
opportunity on the supposition that they do not appreciate
the fact that this is the last opportunity to place Keyport
odn a through line, the last opportunity that will .be afford-
e of becoming a large business community.
228 FROM JN:l)IAN TRAll. TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER xxxvm
RAILROAD FROM HOPPING STATION TO ATLANTIC
mGHLA,NDS COMPLETED
1883
Last Monday decided the fact that our people were not the dupes
they would have them to be; yet we must confess we were ll11l'P1iled
at their comenting to do what they did from the outset.
We would fain do injustice, but we must speak out opeul:v in
this matter, as we have had the wool drawn over our own eyes. We
confidently believed that the road was to be a success, and every
member of the Citizens' Association believed so, until the ,:rinding
Jlll)Ceu was put in operation. Au revoir. . .
, But we are not to be foiled in our elrorta. We are to have a
:railroad. Lowery and Company to the contrar:v notwithstanding. A
new movement wu immediately set on foot. after the meeting of Jut
HoDday. · · · ·
A railroad company, eomposd ·of our own citizens, was organized,
under the title of the New York and Atlantic Railroad Company.
Twenty thousand dollars worth of stock was at once 1111bscn"bed.
committees were appointed, and we are happy to state that road will
be built. ra_nnbig from the Atlantic Highlands. connecting with the
Lo~ Branch Division of the New Jersey Central, at or near .Hulet
Station.
The co~y will not be able to build the road to Hazlet this
season, but will connect with the Central and New Jersey Southern
Bailroada (Port Monmouth Branch), near Hoppin,: Station, and run
directly into Red Bank.
This wu bnt the work of a day. The right-of-way to Hopping
was seemed. and who now will say we are not to have a railroad
and an outlet to the great metropolis! Our people have at last done
that which should bave been decided at the outset of the railroad
project-build ar.d own the road themselves.
If it now proves a failure, it will be the fault of our people,
and not the great railroad monopolists. We can assure our readers
of one thin,:, that this railroad will be owned and controlled entirely
by the citize1111 of Atlantic Highlands, and will be run in the interest
of this place.
We would further add. that the bridge over the Shrewsbury ia
to be rebuilt. and put in perfect order. It ia to be made as strong
and substantial as any on the Pe11D9Ylvania and Central line. The
road ia to be re-laid, and it will be in complete running order by
the 4th of JU'ly.
The citize1111 of Red Bank are enth11-oiastic over the change. The
merchants and many of the leading citizens signify their willingness
to aid the new project. Already money has been subscribed to the
!und, without solicitation. Thia goes to show that the Red Bankers
are alive to their own interest, knowing that the trade from this place
will compensate them for any outlay they may make.
The Citizens' Land Improvement Association met at Foster's
Hotel every other Monday evening, regularly, and was well attended
by its members, as the question of communication with the outer world
became more and more necessary. Both water and land transit wu
&ettin,: absolutely necessary.
The commi~ appointed by the Citizens' Association had bun
baffled and disappointed at every step. On February 9, 1883, a
vbery large number usembled at Foster's Hotel, in the evening, to
ear the further report of the special committee on railroads and
steamboats.
President J. C. Nobles presided. and Captain .James H. Leon-
ard acted in his usual capacity as aecretsry. Quite a number of
•trancers were present. who seemed deeply interested in the
232 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER XXXIX
HISTORY OF THE FIRST FIRE
rAXEN FROJI TBE "ATLA?."TIC mGBLANDS HERALD,"
February 16, 1883
CHAPTER XL.
ON THE ANNIVERSARY OF A CENTEN~
ONE HUNDRED YEARS.
(To Hrs. Patience Ho . )
(Written by Honorable John ~ n )
rm sitting beneath the same old roof
That's iheltered me many a year.
Where. m m:r haPPJ' ehildhood da:,s.
Were those I loved most dear.
'Twas here happy volc:es were beard.
Lavpter and aoll&', !n da,a of yore,
Its echo lollf. hath paaed away,
I ahaU ne er hear them more.
I hear the aoand of other feet,
The voices of the crand and PY,
But, oh! the place seems desolate,
For all bave paued awa:,.
One hundred :,ean have come and gone.
And I am only left.
A little lo:acer a11d I'll be borne
To Heaven's sweetest rest.
said, they were grumbling all the time, and for such young
chaps, it was entirely out of place. We are happy to state
that those young gentlemen took it all in good spirit.
A most delightful time was had and all seemed to
enjoy the occasion, but none more than the esteemed lady
herself. May she live to celebrate another one-hundredth
birthday.
The following is a composition written by Mrs. Ed-
ward Byrne, assisted by Dr. H. A. Clark, and published in
the "Herald," March 8th and 15th, 1883.
I AM COMING.
Well! we bad to move, and rd hunted arvand
To find a place, pleasant and just out of town;
The house must be large. the rent must be small,
If tbe place wasn't plaant rd not have it at all
So I hUJ1ted and searched-got as mad aa could be,
'Till I happened to find a town by the sea;
I inquired, of course, if the air there was eood,
If the stores there were plenty-I wanteil good food.
They said the air was bracing and fine,
The groceries good, just suited to mind,
The people were charming-both pleasant and py,
And they'd make me feel comfortable if I chanced to stay.
Of churches, they'd plenty-if Methodist I take.
Their pastor rd like-they called Mr. Lake.
Their Sunday-School, too, although, like the rest,
They thought Mr. Champion made it the best.
Their Doctors, they iaid, would work with a will,
H b:17 any misfortune. I chani:e to be ilL
They'd two of th-Van Kater and Fay,
And which is the best--wh:r, no one could say.
Mr. Noble11, the agent, I'd like very well,
For his face was so pleasant, his manner sincere,
That I could not get cheated, I saw very clear.
They'd a lovely hotel-Grand View-near the beach.
But the prices are high--quite out of my reach.
They bad one that burnt down, near that very long pier,
The ruins they showed me were lying quite near;
Mr. Foster, the owner, will put up another,
So near the old one, it will look like its brother.
They've a paper in town-it will give me the news,
I bought one at once, for I could'nt refuse,
For the editor rn say-its the best in the town;
And really don't wonder his paper's renown.
So I think if my health I would be improving,
To the "Highlands" rd go, and .J soon shall be coming,
So ho~ no comments to this you'll be run~
rll WJDd up this letter by saying "rm Co~.
Constant Reader.
CATHOLIC CHURCH-1890.
c::-:..."" cu;n.
-
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~~~~
~ -
:..~,,~
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·---,,...
--~,
.
.. ~ :,.
.:··_ .._;,-
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 239
I'VEHOVED.
Well. at Im I have moved and am willing to OWD
That when everylilmlg's settled it seem qmte like home;
That the carpets are down. I can JJrOff ~ u facts.
For I hammered m:r 1inaers as well u the tacb.
The pictmes I hung. ancf I made such a racket,
That a'mmt romed the neighbor,, u I pllt 'llJI the bracketa.
Now m:r work being done. I feel more at ease.
I can smote my cigar and do a I pleue.
With nothing to do, and plenty of leisllre,
rn just take a walk-tter work comes the pleasure.
I walked down the street-with mDd 'llJI to m:r e:,es-
To the Post Offlce I came--1 saw with surprise
That an auction there was of thmgs saved from the fire.
On Friday, the DiDth, Hr• .Foster was "crier."
Of ccnme I must go--ud at "bidding" Pd t:17.
There Jlllight be eome tbillp I wanted to bllJ'.
So. walimg and tbinkiu of people rd see.
I came to the "ruins" wliere the venue would be.
The flnt person I uw, as I lifted my eyes.
Wu O'lll' friend Hr. Collim, standinc right by.
I nodded to him. and a onward I pressed
I saw Honorable Jndge Hooper alone with the rest;
I wondered whatever the •Judge" wanted there.
He was sinde. I knew, and the neighbors declare
That alt:ho' he keeps houae. of c!aildreD he bu none,
But I think that he must have at least just one,
For what can a man who is c!aildless and Bingle,
And with his "relations" don't very much mingle,
Do you wonder it struck me as seeming quite droll,
That a man like the Judge should buy a big doll?
And another queer thing, right here I will mention;
To :young Hr. Dey rn call J'O'lll' attention.
We know he's not married, but Iver:, much fear
He has his e:,e on some maiden, and the wedding day's near.
For some crocker:, he bought, and some household thinp.
So the next thing to buy will, of course, be the ring.
But what strikes me most queer, In this town by the sea. ·
Is that so many men of renown here there be;
For there's Captains and Colonels and Judges, too,
Editors and Kinisters, but of "Noble" men two.
Well, my ideas are lofty-and here rn confaa.
1 can live In grand company-perhaps be their guest.
AnThad there's just one thing more--that I learned today,.
t mates me feel glad I came here to stay.
For rve a corn on my toe, and it bothers me so
When I go for a walk it makes me cry, oh!
240 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
But there's a man living near, that c:au eve it, I hear;
1'hia man's name is Clark, and his Price u not dear.
So the next walk I take will be to ma store,
And you never will hear me •>' "corn" all)' more.
But now I llball atop, lest tha Editor •>'
rm taldnc '11P too much apace, today.
And if be ~ fn the future, Pd beat not to write,
.He can AJ' fn his paper, on next Thu:nday night,
.Bia time rm ~ I ahall not feel alighted
1f be tella me to atop, for I write 'IIJlinvited.
.SO if in the future forget me you may,
I'll stand by the Herald-do what Everett uy.
FROM INDIAN TRAil, TO ELECTRIC RAil. 241
CHAPTERXLL
THE NEW FIRE APPARATUS
1883
·each one anxious for a railroad, yet looking calmly on, and
secretly counting the ducats that a railroad would realize
to them, never stepping their feet across the way to aid
the project. .
"Some of these high-spirited men, whose lands it will
pass through, now demand five times the value of their
property for the right-of-way. No philanthropic spirit, no
generous or noble propensities, no feeling for their fE'llow-
men, but a selfish, personal, greedy and conniving disposi-
tion to grab at all they can get, regardless of the success
and advancement of the place in which they live.
"On the other hand. who are these people who have
battled dq. in and day out to accomplish this work?
Some may say they do it to benefit themselves. Admitting
that to be the case, to a certain extent, does it not do as
much for every land-owner along the line T Will it not be
a great blessing to every man, woman and child in this
locality, Navesink, and down even to Locust Point, to be
able to get out to other sections of the state in comfortable
cars, in place of long, tedious and cold drives of miles and
miles to Red Bank or Middletown? Who, then are these
men that we owe so much to for their determined will
and zealous perseverance? Let us see.
"First, we find a little nest of them consisting of John
C. Nobles, Thomas Leonard, Reverend James E. Lake,
Thomas H. Leonard and one or two others; soon we learn
that they are reinforced by such men as James H. Leonard,
J'ohn S. Applegate, Richard A. Leonard, S. T. Champion,
P. J. McClees, John J. Hopping, Joseph A. Throckmorton;
then the roll is increased by such staunch and influential
citizens as John J. Leonard, Wm. M. Foster, Jacob T. Stout,
D. Lane Conover, George Sherman, Joseph L Thompson,
Edward T. Burdge, Edward Bowne, Charles T. Leonard
and others that we cannot just call to mind.
"These men have given their time and money to
complete the railroad and make Atlantic Highlands equal
to other live and enterprising towns and cities. These
men have the generous thanks of all lovers of good govern-
ment. and if it lay in the power of some, we feel confident
that they would receive at the hands of a large number of
our good people, an ovation that would be as lasting as
the· oak, in the memory of each of those enterprising
gentlemen.
OUR NEW HOME
(Author Unlmown.)
Th- green old hiDa have long remained,
In lonely beauty, crand and fair,
FROM INDIAN TRAll, TO ELECTRIC RAIL 247
CHAPTER XLII.
OUR SUMMER RESORT
1883
We may now safely say that all our hotels and board-
ing houses are fully open for the season. The accommo-
dations far exceed those of last year, and nearly double
the number can find ample room.
The Grand View Hotel is filling up rapidly. Mr. Mc-
Intyre has every reason to believe that he will have his
grand hotel crowded by the first of the ensuing months.
We notice many important improvements. The sanitary
arrangements are complete, the waiters are polite and
attentative, and the rooms present a neat and cosy appear-
ance.
Bay View House, kept by Mrs. C. R. Martin, is one
of the best houses here. It is a picture of neatness. Those
who are fortunate enough to secure rooms at the Bay View
will find a comfortable and pleasant summer home.
The Lockwood House, on Bay View Avenue, com-
manding a delightful view of the ocean and bay, has just
been opened by Mrs. Mawson. The house is furnished
throughout by the worthy owner, G. W. Lockwood, of New
York. Mrs. Mawson has the reputation of knowing how
to make guests comfortable and enjoy the seaside. We
,can safely recommend those looking for a boarding house
to look at the "Lockwood."
Mrs. Annie Pope, one of the oldest boarding house
keepers in New York, whose wide-spread fame has al-
ready secured for her quite a reputation on the west side
of the city, has just completed and furnished a magnificent
cottage on the water front, at what is known as Highland
Place. It borders on the very brink of the heights, and
has an unobstructed view of the entire surrounding coun-
try. It is newly furnished, and the table is unexcelled.
Highland Cottage, on Eighth Avenue, located on the
highest point of land, which is known as "Leonard's Peak,"
is a most delightful spot. Everything is neat as wax--a
real home--and is conducted by the Downes sisters. It
would be well for those looking around for a good airy
place to call on them.
The Harris Cottage, the nearest one to the steamboat
landing, is opened this year by a lady from New Yo:k,
who has been the proprietress of a first-class boardmg
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 249
CHAPTERXLIII.
OPENING OF THE NEW RAILROAD
A GALA DAY
1883
Wednesday, July the eleventh, (eighteen hundred and
eighty-three, adds another link in the history of Atlan-
tic Highlands. The day was one looked forward to with
great anxiety and with considerable pride, by the corporal
guard who have engineered the important work.
We have watched the labors of those gentlemen who
have been so zealous in the advancement of this work.
especially in regard to proper communication by steam-
boat and railroad. That their efforts have been crowned
with success no one can deny, for today two of the finest
steamers which fi.:;at on the waters of the great Bay of
New York leave our pier daily, and four trains of cars
arrive and depart from the very heart of the town.
Along in October, 1882, J. C. Nobles, Judge Hend-
rickson, William Conover and John S. Hubbard's proper-
ty, formerly James H. Leonard's farm lying west of Many
Mind Creek, was divided into 185 lots. all of which have
been sold, and ten additional acres added to the property.
· Shortly after the Hubbard property was opened, Mr.
J. Edgar Bowne, who owned a most beautiful tract of land
on the slope of the hillside, east of First Avenue, placed his.
property in the market. Lots were very readily disposed
of, and now a number of fine dwellings can be seen on the.
principal avenues.
The Joseph Bowne Estate, to the west of the Hubbard'
property, was the next to give way to the advancement of
the place. It comprised about twenty acres. One hundred
and eleven lots were laid out, upon which has already been
erected a fine Baptist Church, and three of the most costly
cottages that have been erected in this vicinity.
Then followed Glenoble Park (later the Benson
estate), a most picturesque plot of ground, fronting on the
Bay, containing about eighty choice building lots.
The improvements of Glenoble Park brought into,
market Brevent Park, containing over two hundred lots, the,
most delightful and healthful tract of land that fronts the:
Bthay. Nearly a dozen houses have been erected and, d ~
e Past two months, nearly twenty thousand dollam worth
of lots have been sold.
254 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
OUR GUESTS
Among those of note present were: President. H. S
Little of the Central, Rufus Blodgett, of the New Jersey
Southern, Honorable Sf. S. Applegate, Honorable S. B.
Oviatt, Honorable H. W. Murphy, Honorable J. A. Throck-
morton, Mayor Garritson, Perth Amboy; Dr. R.R. Conover,
Honorable J. J. Wheeler, W. H. Falconer, Esq., of New
York City; Reverend G. K. Allen, Reverend S.S. Baldwin.
Reverend W. M. White of Red Bank; Reverend Dr. San-
ford Hunt, of the Methodist Book Concern, Reverend Dr.
Fitzgerald, H. K. Knight, Esq., Advertising Agent for the
Methodist Book Concern; Reverend W. G. Wildie, Rever-
r;nd Dr. J:M. King; Pardon Ryan of Atlantic Co., N. J.;
Sheriff Thompson, Postmaster Ogden of Keyport; Major
Yard of the Freehold Democrat; Mr. Armstrong of the
Keyport Enterprise; J. C. Crane, Asbury Park Press; Mr.
Wilgus, Seabright Sentinal; James Steen, Eatontown Ad-
vertiser; Major B. L. Traford, Red Bank Democrat; Conrad
Pinches of the Red Bank Standard, and others.
SPEECH MA.KING
Mr. J. C. Nobles called the assemblage to order a
little after one, and in a very brief and appropriate speech,
introduced the President of the new road, the Honorable
J. S. Applegate.
Mr. Applegate said, "I congratulate you all on the
completion of the New York and Atlantic Highlands Rail-
road. It makes another epoch in the history of Monmouth
County. No one dreamed, six months ago, that it would
be in e_xistence today, or that we would bear the shriek of
the locomotive. If a Rip Van Winkle should wake up and
cast his eye along the coast, from Sandy Hook to Barna-
Jat, he would :iot recognize it; yet Monmouth County has
~een in the background; it has just begun to move, and
in ten years this place will undoubtedly see a population
~f twenty-five thousand. Its close proximity to New York
IS such, that will force it to become one of the greatest
retreats along the coast.
..Members of the Atlantic Highlands Associatior.;, and
ethers, have the push-the idea is due to them, they first
conceived it, and they carried it throuyh. If they can
build a railroad in two or three months, you need not des-
pair of their future success. Look at its head : with a
Lake; their Noble men-yes, by name and character-and
Champions to champion its merits, it can never fail.
"To the Central Railroad, let me add, we are undel"
deep obligations; they aided us in very way, and now
258 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
place the rolling stock on: the route, and they will run it
for us. But as I must be brief, we will proceed with hear-
ing from absent friends."
Mr. S. T. Champion, secretary of the Atlantic High-
lands Association, then read several letters of regret from
President Gowen, of the Philadelphia and Reading Rail-
road, T. T. Everett, private secretary to the Governor of
Pennsylvania, P. H. Wycoff, of the New Jersey Southern
Railroad and Honorable Mr. Grover H. Lu!burrow, ex-
member of the Legislature.
President Applegate then gave the first regular toast,
"The New York and Atlantic Highlands Railroad."
The Honorable H. S. Little, president of the Central
Railroad, responded. The speech, though brief, was well
received. He said that he believed there was no seaside
resort along the New Jersey coast that has the promise
the Atlantic Highlands has.
Superintendent Blodgett of the Southern Railroad was
next called upon. He said he had little faith in the suc-
cess of the Atlantic Highlands at its outset, but he was now
fully converted to the fact that it would ere long be the
leading town along the seashore.
The Reverend James E. Lake, president of the Atlan-
tic Highlands Association, being called upon, briefly wel-
comed the guests to Atlantic Highlands, and hoped all
would go away with feelings of sympathy and friendship
for the place that had thrown to the breeze the banner of
righteousness for their guide.
The Reverend William H. White, of Red Bank, re-
sponded to "Our Sister City," and was followed by Rever-
end S. S. Baldwin of Nyack. Speeches were also made by
the Honorable S. B. Oviatt, Reverend ;Dr. King, of New
York, Major Yard, of the Freehold "Democrat," Mr. J.
Steen, of the Eatontown "Advertiser," and stockholder
James Broadmeadow.
At four o'clock, the whole party returned to the train,
and left for New York, after a most delightful visit.
TIME TABLE
The following Time Table will go into effect next
Monday, at which lime the road will be opened for travel.
Leave Atlantic Highlands 7 :30 A. M., 3 :30, 4 :50,
6:54 P. M.
Leave Red Bank 9:35, 11:40 A. M., 5:55, 7:40 P. M.
This time will be changed as soon as the turn table
is built at ~ end of the road.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC.RAIL 259
CHAPTER XLIV.
THE GRE.'-T STORM-1883.
the bay a more picturesque sight never presented itself in this locality.
A perfect whirlpool was formed, the water apparently rising to the
height of fully one hundred feet.
Both storms seemed to battle for supremacy, when suddenly the
eastern storm rounded in, as it were, with the other, and in less time
than pen can write, roofs, signs, chimneys, boards and everything
that was exposed was carried hundreds of feet in the air and driven
to the southeastward. The rain fell in torrents, the doors on almost
every building, were blown open, ~d windows were demolished.
The cyclone lasted just four minutes.
Bay View Avenue was a perfect river. At various points, it
bad the appearance of the Niagara rapids below the falls. Here and
there lay a roll of tin roofing. First Avenue was covered with the
d~bris from Captain Leonard's seed buildings. Trees lay in every
direction, uprooted; shutters, sign boards and ftag poles were found
half-a-mile back toward Navesink. The most remarkable feature was
the fact that no one w.ss killed.
Several had narrow escapes. A yonng man named Warner had
his shoulder broken and another had his head cut by being struck
With missiles blown off a building. Charles P. Everett, who worked in
the printing office, left the building when the storm set in, but went
back for his watch. Just as he reached the sidewallt the building
fell A young man named William H. Smith, a butcher, who worked
in the lower portion of the same building, also gained the middle of
the street just as it went down. Samuel F. Patterson, the telegraph
operator, was carried over fifty feet off his feet and blown behind
the Lockwood House. Dr. Milton Nobles was carried off the post office
stoop and dashed into the gutter on Bay View Avenue. He was slightly
injured.
Quite a number of people were in Foster's Pavilion when the roof
'Was lifted and the crash came. l\len, women and children jumped out
of the windows, which were about three feet from the ground, amid the
flying timbers, and only two were hurt. ·
A little boy was cut in the face, and a iady was injured on the
leg. A gentleman who jumped out of the window with his wife, lost
his bold of her hand as he fell to the ground, and when he arose she had
disappeared. Turning around, be saw her bein!I' carried through
the air, a distance of three hundred feet, towards Thome's ice cream
cottage. She was only slightly injured.
A horse belonging to Mr. Nathan Brown, fish monger, had his
wagon and harness tom completely away from him. The waiton was
partly demolished, but the horse escaped. The tin shop of Ed Powell's
disappeared as if by magic, while the new fish market of Mr. Curtis
Tallman went flying over the bay., scattering in its wake blue fish,
black fish, plaice and all sorts of watery tribes. A heavy gang-plank.
that took a dozen men to handle, was swept off the dock. Had any
of the omru"buses been on the pier at the time not one but would have
been swept overboard, horses as welL We feel confident in saying that
it would have been attended with heavy loss of life. A schooner from
Nyack, New York, loaded with clams, was struck off the pi<!r and sank
immediately. She was righted yesterday and bailed out, minus her
cargo.
Five houses were demolished, two lifted off t!:.eir foundations
and about fifteen unroofed and damaged.
The roof of the freight-house on the pier was carried away.
Mackey's new two-story frame building on First Avenue, occupied
in part as the office of the Herald, was demolished. PresSfos, stands.
type and everything in the place was destroyed. l\lr. Everett's loss
is about one thousand dollars. Mr. ?.lackey occupied the lower floor
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAll. 261
as a butcher ahop. His loss on stock, fixtures and building will reach
three thousand dollars.
Foster's Pavilion is a perfect wreck; loss, one thousand dollars.
The entire covering of the Pavilion and roof of the dining hall were
destroyed.
The building occupied by Ed. Powell, tin and sheet iron worker,
about fifty feet long, has not a vestige of it left. It is owued by
Mr. John M. Johnson. The loss is five hundred dollars.
The dwelling of Mr. William M:allor:r, on South Avenue, together
-with furniture and contents, was demoliahedi loss, fifteen hundred
dollars. Mr. Mallory was sick in his bed at me time. He had hard
work to drive his wife out of the building, but he got up and dressed
and they all escaped, but eveey thing they had was destroyed and
ruined.
The fish home of Curtis Tallman was swept into the bay; loss,
four hundred and fifty dollars.
The la:ge two-story frame building occupied as a feed store by
Captain James H. Leonard, was unroofed and the side walls twisted
all sorts of shapes. His loss on building and stock will reach three
thousand dollars.
The building (two stories) belonging to Harry 'White, on Centre
Avenue, and used as a billiard hall, was lifted off its foundation fully
ten feet; loss, three hundred dollars. Jacobson, tobacconL!t, resided
on the second floor; loss, one hundred dollars.
The Bay View House was 'lllll'Oofed and the clothes of all the
gnests who occupied the top floor were ruined. The loss is from fifteen
h1111dred dollars to two thousand dollars, on building and wardrobes.
The building is owned by Mrs. C. R. Martin.
The dwelling of Dr. John H. Van Mater wa.s badly dAmaged,
the gable end being carried away.
The Grand View Hotel was partly unroofed. About two hundred
&:1ests were in the building at the time, and the greatest consterna•
tion prevailed. One of the lady guests bad her wardrobe damaged
by water alone to the amount of one thousand dollars.
The Lockwood House was also unroofed. It was filled with
ladies at the time, several of whom fainted. One of them is under
the care of a physician. The damage will amount to about five hundred
dollars.
The Post Office and Association building was unroofed, and the
doors demolished. Letters were carried in every directicn, as were
also postage stamps, etc. Mr. Everett, the post master, lost every
stamp he bad.
The building known as the Roberts Flats, located on Bay View
~:_enue, was unroofed. It was occupied by Post Master Everett and
..u-. N. Husted, of East Orange. Their furniture was completely
ruined.
The residence of President James E. Lake was slightly damaged.
.., __ The roof of the cottage of Superintendent Champion was badly
=aged by the falling of a chimney.
The andirons in the drag store of J. M. Johnson were broken,
~~ the massive zinc mortar over the main entrance destroyed. The
._bland Cottage, occupied by the Misses Downes, was damaged by
water; the large plate glass of the windows of the Noble mansion was
destroyed; all the out-homes in the neirhborhood were upturned and
mandY demolished. The hotels and dwellings unroofed were in a most
ep1orable condition all day Tuesday.
:!\,bout 4 :00 A. M., a northeasterly storm set in, rain falling
heavily all day, tbws drenching t!ie houses, tents and canvas. Car-
pe~- and Cluiltls were brought into requisition, and placed over the
roo...a, thm affordill&' a slight protection to t!ie inmates of the buildinp.
262 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER XLV.
1883
On the fifth of November, 1883, the children of Dis-
trict School No. 69, located at Leonardville, headed by
their principle, Miss Sarah R. Everett, marched in a body
to their new school house on Avenue C, between Highland
and Washington avenues.
During the early part of 1882, it was found that the
Navesink and Leonardville schools were entirely too far
for the children of Atlantic Highlands to attend. It was
therefore decided to erect a new school house nearby.
The trustees of No. 69 were R. A. Leonard, Edward T.
Burdge and John. B. Swan. On the 20th of March, 1883,
a meeting was held at the old school house, the Reverend
J. C. Nobles presiding, when a committee was appointed,
consisting of the above trustees with Thomas H. Leonard
and Thomas T. Rogers, to select a new site, and it was re-
solved to bond the town for five thousand dollars, to pur-
chase land and build the same. Four lots were purchased
on Avenue C, and on the 25th day of July, 1883, work was
commenced by Mr. G. Davis.
Since 1883, William T. Franklin served several years
as a trustee, the present trustees being R. A. Leonard, S.
T. Champion and J.M. Sharts.
The principles and teachers haYe been Miss Sarah R.
Everett, F. J. Oglee, B. F. Harding, Josie C. Leonard, Jen-
nie Foster and Lillian Whittingham.
OPENING THE NEW SCHOOL HOUSE
The opening of the new public school house, on Ave-
nue C and South Avenue, on the Hubbard property, at
2:00 P. M. last Thursday, was attended with great success.
At the appointed time, the Board of Education, with the
teacher, Miss Sarah R. Everett, and scholars, assembled in
the upper room of the school-house, and presently the
citizens and parents of the children began to drop in. Over
one hundred and fifty were present, besides the children.
At half-past-two, the school was called to order and
the exercises opened with singing "Scatter Seeds of Kind-
ness" by the school, aided by Miss Josie Leonard, organist.
The Reverend Mr. Lake then led in prayer, after which
the children sang again. Then followed some very inter-
esting recitations by the children, among whom were Miss
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 263
Echo answers wh:,. Tbe timid ones were all out to the great meet-
inc last Monda:, Disht, and the venerable, brilliant and .deep..thinkinc
orator of Ba:, View F ~ upon the eood people the !act that we
were too :,oUDC, even to aeep. The sreat Champion of deeds 10 dar-
ing, dropped out like the emnguialmic of a lamp; and IO the bold arm:,
that had marched up the hill marched down the hill &pin, with ollly
two file cl011ers left to moum their loa.
Tbe borolJl?l question is therefore a dead letter. A certain few
CaD do all the 1111pro<rementll, but don't attempt to au: the pecple to
~- No, no, the:, m1111t not be taxed. So First Avenue will ban to be
finiahed-a few men will ha<re to filliab it; alread:,, a few will have
to pa:, for it, or it will remain u it ia, a diacrace to the place, the
people and every lot owner on the line of the annuL
As one property-owner on Bowne'• property remarked, "Let
the Leonarda fiDiab the ltreeta; the:, own more property and ban made
more mone:, than an:, one elae": and another uid, "Let the Atlantic
lfighlaDds .Auociation finish it; it ill to their interest 10 to do." Now,
wh:, lho'llld the Leonarda or the Aaociation do an:, more than an:,one
else, we would ask. Wh:, should not ever:, lot owner on the Bowne.
Hillside and Bay View lleipta properties be taxed to fiDiah First
Avenue from the blidse to the end of the Avenue? It ill in their
localit:,, between the Bownes' and Hillside Park, that the :-oad is a
disgrace and an outrage; and wh:, don't the people who live there
finish their part? They don't condescend to tlirow a load or two of
dirt in the ruts and washouts for their own accommodations.
A borough! No wonder; wb:,, we mult have been out of our
head. A borough, and the:, can't finish one street. Wh:,, if we ever
mistook our calling, we did when we condescended to speak our hon-
est opinion."
CHAPTER XLVI.
BUILDINGS, ETC., ERECTED :UEtWEEl'of 1879 A.""ID 1890.
1881
Ma:, 19 Nobles and Co. Offices First Ave.
Ma:, 30 M. T. Babington Hotel Bay View Ave.
July 8 A. H. Association Tabernacle Ba:, View Ave.
Jul:, 8 A. H. Association Amphitheatre Ba:, View Ave.
Jul:, 18 C. W. Van Pelt Hotel Ba:, View Ave.
July 18 Association Bath Houses Foot of Bath
Ave.
August 20 S. T. White Cottage Eighth AVP.
August 20 S. B. Downes Cottage Eighth Ave.
August 20 J. 0. Downes Co~e Eighth Ave
August 24 J. H. Van Mater Dwellm;r First Ave.
August 31 Williamson and Co. Grand View Ba:, View Ave.
Hotel
September 22 S. T. Champion Cottage Sixth Ave.
September 23 Robert Emery Cottage Fourth Ave.
September 27 Owen West Cottaa:e Third Ave.
November 12 Nathan Brown Fish House On Pier
November 28 Ed. B. Swan Cottag" Ba:, A7e.
December 19 Stout and Conover Stables Center Ave.
December 20 Curtis Tallman Cottai:,. Secon:1 Ave.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 267
1882
Januar1 18 Daniel Martia Cottage Center Ave.
Febraa?7 8 Thomas J. Roberta Flata Ba:, View Aft.
Febna&rJ' 16 Robert Roe Cottage Wuhington Ave.
Febru.uJ' 20 Thomas Jenniup Cottage Center Ave.
Februry 20 Leonard Brotberr Store First Ave.
Marcil 7 Everett and Lowth Stores Ba:, Ave.
:March 10 S. T. Blo~ood Stables Center Ave.
:March 13 B. F. Leipsner Cottage Sixth Ave.
:March 21 William T. Franklil1 Cottage Second Ave.
:March 23 Rogers and Frankin Stables First Ave.
March 31 James E. Late Cottage First Ave.
March !O George llacke:, Butcher Shop Sixth Ave.
April 3 J. H. Johnson Drug Store Third Ave
Ma:, 1 S. S. Horris Cottage Center Ave.
May 29 Robert Emery Dock extension
for A. H. Asso-
ciation, 300 feet
JUDe 21 C. H. Van Pelt Cottage llighland Ave.
Jul:, 12 L Johnson Cottage Center Ave.
August 18 Thomas Jenning,i Cottage Center Ave.
A11g118t 18 D. L. Conover Cottap. Center Ave.
Augo..-t 23 T. lL Woodward Saw Hill Ave. A.
October 24 Elias Atwater Cottage Center Ave.
October 30 William Stryker Cottage South Ave.
October 31 Hrs. A. E. Bennett Cottage South Ave.
November 6 H. H. Bent Cottage Ba:, Ave.
Noveniber 17 Hrs. A. Pope Cotta£~ mgh)and Place
November 28 H. E. Char.:b Church First Ave.
December 16 Hrs. E. H. Scott Cottage South Ave.
December 26 Baptist Church Church Ave. D. corner
of Highland Ave
1883
January 18 J. H. Leonard Feed Store-
house Ba:, A..-e.
January 31 J. H. Leonard Store and HallFirst Ave.
February 20 A. J. Williams Stores and
Dwellings Fint Ave.
March 23 P. H. Valle:iu Stores and
r,tf;i&.· Lofts Ba:, Ave.
April 2, J. C. Nobles W-mdsor Hotel Ba:, View Ave.
April 26 William H. Fosh,r Stores and
Dwellings Center Ave.
June 23 Central Railroad First Depot Washington Ave.
July 25 Borough New School-
House Ave. C.
August 7 J. E. Sayers Cottage Bay v;cw Ave.
August 13 Hilton Nobles Office First Ave.
September 19 G. W. Barrett Cottage South Ave.
Octoqer 17 J. C. Mitchell Cottage Fourth Avl!.
Oc:tob'?l' 10 Hagenbach cl: Morrell Baker:, First A-:e.
October 12 Thomas T. Rogers Cottage
and Store First Ave.
October 24 J. B. Swan Stores and
Dwellings First Ave.
November 2 P. Y. Everett Stores and
Dwellmge Bay View Ave.
December 15 J. Donohue Cottqe Wuhingtou Ave.
268 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
1884
Januaz:7 7 S. B. Downes Cottq,1 Bipland Ave.
January 23 E. J. Rayfield Cottage First Ave.
JanuarJ' 30 Rev. B. Gallaway Cottage Ba,- View Ave.
Karch 5 Rev. 1tL Bellis Cottage Bay View Ave.
Ka,- 21 Owen West Shop Second Ave.
September 16 A. V. S. Crate Cottage Washinston Ave.
October 21 L Wengers Brick Cottage Second Ave.
1885
Karch 28 S. B. Downes Cottage Hi:;bland Ave.
April 7 W.Franldin Cottage Foi:rth Ave.
April 18 S. T. Wbitc Cotta,;t> Sixth Ave.
Ja:ne 11 John De,- :Rebuilt Washington Ave.
Aupat 31 J. M. Read Cottage Prospect Ave.
September 2 W. F. Mount Cottage First Ave.
September 25 E. C. Cartia Cottage Ba:r View Ave.
October 29 Leonard and Lmgle Prin~ Ofllce First Ave.
November 27 S. B. Downea Cottage Highland Ave.
December 18 S. B. Downes Cottage Highland Ave.
December 28 N. H. Robert.a Stores and
Dwelling First Ave.
1886
FebruarJ" 20 Thmoaa Martin Stores and
Dwelling First Ave.
Karch 17 Leonard & Conover Store Home Ba:r Ave.
Karch 31 J. c. Kitchell Cottage Fourth Ave.
September 23J. H. Bichud Cottage Fifth Ave.
October 28 G. D. Fay Cottag,! Bay View Ave.
November 5 N. C. Valentine Cottag,i Washington Ave.
November 5 Elizabeth Leonard Cotta;~ Center Ave.
December 23 Dey & Rayfield Hotel First Ave.
1887
Febl"IIIIZ'J' 5 W. lrl. Foster Laundry Mount Ave.
FebruarJ" 7 E.. F. Lufburrow Store and
Dwelling First Ave.
FebruarJ" 17 W. T. Franklin Stables Mount Ave.
Karch 4 Owen West Cottage Third Ave.
Kay 16 E. Bordon Cottage Bay Ave.
Ka,- 16 Mn. E. C. Robertson Cottage Point Lookout
J1111e 28 A. C. Rowe Cottage Hooper Ave.
August 23 F. Roberts Cottage Second Ave.
September 13 S. B.- Downes Cottage Righl1111d Ave.
AUCUS: 30 W. E. Boyle Cottage Mount Ave.
September 26T. J. Roberts Cottage First Ave.
October 17 W. H. Posten Cottage Third Ave.
October 19 Peter Moore Cottage South Ave.
October 27 J. S. Bitterband Cottage Eighth Ave.
October 27 S. B. Downes Cottage Highland Ave.
November 7 L B. Edwards Cottage Fourth Ave.
November 17 E. T. Burdge Cottage Third Ave.
November 18 P. Falkenbnrgh Store and
Dwelling First Ave.
November 22 R. Johns Cotta.,-.e Ba,- Vlew Ave.
November 22J. C. Chadwick, D. D.Cottage Ba,- View Ave.
November 28 Louis Dibbs Cottage Sixth Ave.
December 3 William Graham Cottage Fourth Ave.
December 21 John Leonard Cottage WllShington Ave.
FROM INDIAN TRAil., TO ELECTRIC RAIL 269
1888
February 23 J.C. Stout Cott:igo! T'-..ird Ave.
February 23 J. Lllfbmrow Stores and
Dwelling Bay View Ave.
March 3 John E. Foster Stores First Ave.
April 12 J. B. Hammond Cottage Third Ave.
April 13 s. H. Frost Cottage Ba:y View Ave.
April 24 J.E. Ralph Hotel Center Ave.
May '1 S. F. Patterson Cottage Center Ave.
May 16 Jlllias Bash Cottage Grand Ave.
J'm1e 21 R. Richmond Cottage Highland Place
J'a1y '1 F. Linden Cottage Lincoln Ave.
J'aly l!3 S. T. Wbits Store and B'.all First .\ve.
August 14 Mrs. E. Hatfield Cottage Eighth Av&.
September 12John Gear:, Cottar- W~nAve.
October 2 Jacob Rhode Store and
Dwellmg First Ave.
October 4 J. C. Mitchell Cottage ~ c t Ave.
October 9 Joee/.h Downes Cottage d Ave.
October 18 S. • Powell Cottage Seventh Ave.
October 22 Mrs. L. Dibbs Cottage Seventh Ave.
October 29 A. llrL Jenny Cottage Center Ave.
NoTeJllber 6 J. B. Valleau Cottage m,,hland Ave.
Novellll:er 12 Wm. H. Pomn. Jr. Store and
Dwellings. First Ave.
DeceJDber S Peter Logan Cottage Second Ave.
Deceniber 18 V. M. Anderson Cottage Garfield Ave.
DeceJDber 29 George Stout Electric Bldg. Washington Ave.
Decelllber 28 J. E. Foater Cottage Ripland Ave.
1889
J'anury 9 John B. Sw.zi Cottap Second A,-e.
Karch 9 A. M. Jeuuy Cottage South Ave.
March 13 W. R. Tallman Cottage ' Third Ave.
March 26 A. M. Jenny Cottag'! South Ave.
Karch 26 llrL Mer!{old Cottage Center Ave.
March 26 Ed. P. Magee Cottage Highland J. ve.
April 8 John Soutliall Cottage South Ave.
April 29 Tholll&S Murray Cottage Second Ave.
llby 10 George llrlackey Cottage Highland Ave.
Jane 10 Seaman Cottage Hooper Ave.
June 19 J. L. Perrine Cottage Highland Ave.
Jaly 1 Geo. R. Stout Store and
Dwelling First Ave.
Jaly 9 W. W. Megromgle Cottage Rigbla~d Ave.
AUguSt 21 Robert Couch Cottage GartieH Ave.
September 20 Manie McDonald Cottage Rigbland Ave.
September 24 Goraan Patterson Cottage South l.ve.
September 9 Mrs. C. JIilian Cottage Fifth Ave.
September 27 James B'.alliday Cottage Third Ave
Octobel; 16 Mrs. A. Pope Cottage Righl<and Place
October 21 C. Slllith Cottage Ave. D.
Atlantic Highlands
October 26 National Bank First Ave.
NoveJDber 1 E. R. Cook Printing OfBce Mount Av1:
NoveJDber 16 L. Montanye Cottage . Sixth l.ve.
November 11 E. R. Champion Cottage Third Ave.
DeceJDber 17 T. J. Roberts Cottage Highland Ave.
DeceJDber 21 W. P. Irwin Store First .\ve.
270 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
1890
January 21 Charles A. Fort Cottage Waahmgton Ave.
Febl'IIU7 11 A. Bollkina Cottage Asbury Ave.
Februart 12 Wm. :S.. Hoore Cottage Bay Ave.
Febl'IIU7 19 Jolm Dowd Cottage South Ave.
Karch ' Huy E. Allen Store and
DweDiJ1c F!nt Ave.
Karch 5 Jennie Winter Cottage lligb]and Ave.
Karch 5 Vanderbilt Cottage lllo'IIJ1t Ave.
April 1 A. Woodin: ~ Ave. C.
April 1 S. T. Champion ---.... Ba:( View Ave.
April 17 J. C. Kitchell Cottage Prospect Ave.
April 23 lL Murra:, Cottace Center Ave.
Kay 20 Pavoni& Yacht Club Cottage Bay View Ave.
J'llne 2 Mrs. Ward Home Center Ave.
J'IIJ1e 18 C. E. Crowell Cottage lllo'IIJ1t Ave.
July 7 lL L Dolby Cottage lliglwmd Ave.
July 19 W. S. Baldwin Cottage Highland Ave.
Ausuat 6 O. H. Day Cottage Highland Ave.
September 2 C. F. Fox Cottage Point Lookout
September 3 J. C. Oliver ~ Garfield Ave.
Septeniber 9 S. B. Thorp =•......, Eighth Ave.
September 20B. Ritter Cottage Garfield •. ·:e.
Septem">er 20J. B. Hammond Cottage Third j, -·
Septem'IJer 23Ezra Champion ~ Bay Vi .. ,; Ave.
September 25 S. T. Champion
September 25 H. G. Babil:gton
=-"
Cottage
Third Ave.
Bay Ave.
October 1 lL llrlmray Cottage Center Ave.
October 4 E. P. Quigley Cottage Lincoln Ave.
October 6 A. C. Oliver Cottage Prospect Ave.
October 6 A. C. Oliver Cottage Prospect Ave.
October 18 Jolm Ditz Cottage Bay View Ave.
October 21 S. T. Champion Cottage Bay View Ave.
November 1 C. E. Crowell Three Cottages Lincoln & 7th.
November 3 J. E. Foster Cottage Lincoln Ave.
November 11 W. B. Montanye Cottage Seventh Ave.
November 18 J. B. Patterson Cottage Fourth Ave.
November 19 Wm. M. Roberts Cottage First Ave.
November 25 Mrs. M. White Cottage Washington Ave.
November 23 T. T. Rogers Cottage ~ d Ave.
December 2 E. T. Stead!Dall Co~ Third Ave.
December 5 Wm. E. Manni?!g Dwelllilg Highland Ave.
December 9 A. Martin Dwelling Center Ave.
December 10 Catholic C"•..:-ch South Ave.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL, ZD
CHAPTER XLVIl.
BUSINESS KEN'S RECOBD OF EVENTS
•cmnll7
DR. B. A. CI.All
aev:••
7"" auvm opened in ~ prerioal7 oec1IPied by
!>nc Store. 011 'l2drd Affllue. ••••••• February 2. 188S- .
Tb fi1'lt J.E. I.Jre'a farewell Nnice •••••••••••••• Mardi 17, 1885-
~
Tbmn
"At!!,.~• Hotel bamed .................... Jlay 6, 188S:
B:ip)ancle ~ ••••••••••••• •Kay 9. 188&-
ometer 7 dCINI below sero •••••••••••••• FebnaJ' $, 1885
'272 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER XLVIll.
THE DEATH OF A CENTENARIAN- 188'
=
S - of t!ae / : : that'■ mort:■I,
Y-, W■
:t t h . r ~ ;
Baa tbe Spirlt paa8I! .-yt
sane to tbe Goel that pre
Be'■ bat c■Ded it for Jal■ cnna.
It.
To ■bic the aonp of Zion'• praise.
ID hr eternal Home.
B l ~ be tbe tie that binds.
Oar heart■, by memori• ~ ;
Jl■y tbe bleainp of tbe B1eaecl
tl'Dite 11■ all at Jut.
:ard and Mrs. David Collins conceived the idea. and meet-
ings were held, aided by Mrs. J. T. Ellis of the State
Union, Mrs. Albert Mann, President of the W. C. T. U. of
Orange, N. J., Mother Hill and Mrs. Mary E. Allen.
The Union found it difficult work, for some time after
it perfected its organization, and in 1888 they conceived
the idea of erecting a building for their own use. A lot
was finally obtained on Mount Avenue, opposite Railroad
Avenue, so on the 25th of April, 1889, they laid th<? comer
.stone of what is now known as the "Temple." On the
:first of August. 1889, it was duly dedicated, General Clin-
ton B. Fisli officiating.
The building is commodius and will seat about four
:hundred. Its officers, up to the present date, have been as
follows--presidents, Mrs. Mary B. McMahon, Mrs. Mary
C. Nobles and Mrs. Mary E. Allen; vice-presidents, Mrs.
Thomas 'r. Rogers, Mrs. A. E. Bennett, Mrs. James H.
Leonard, Mrs. Elizabeth Hooper;· secretaries, Miss Sarah
L Stout, Mrs. E. Hooper; treasurer, Mrs. L.A. Falkinburg.
Connected with the Union, as an auxiliary, are the
"Y's," composed of young ladies of the Association, Its
officers have been as follows:-
Presidents-Mias Hattie Vail, Miss Maey Leonard.
Vice-Presidents-Mias Francis Conover, Mias Ella Vanderbilt, Hiss
.Mamie Martin.
Secretaries-Miss Grace Valentine, Miss Emma Savidge.
"'.l'reuurer-Miss Emma Swan.
The Loyal Temperance Legion, composed of children,
-was also started by the Union on the 2nd of February,
1890, with Mrs. Mary Lufburrow as president.
The Atlantic Highland Association held their annual
anniversary meeting on July 27, 1884, as well as their
ten days' service, but little interest was taken by non-resi-
dents--few attending. The embarrassed' condition of the
association was the main cause, and the inactivity of the
non-resident officers and directors.
("Herald.") "The Annual Meeting of the Atlantic
~lands Association, held September 3, 1884, was one
Jong to be remembered. The organization found them-
:selves over .one hundred thousand dollars in debt, with no
apparent possible way of liquidating the debts. The re-
sult was that the stockholders turned out to the Annual
Meeting almost to a man, and unanimously agreed to close
out the business."
The Atlantic Highlands Association had served its
purpose, and had answered the ends for which the pro-
jectors of the town had largely intended it. It closed its
FROM INDIAN TRAil, TO ELECTRIC RAIL 281
CHAPTER XLIX.
GENERAL RELIGIOUS, BUSINESS. RESIDENT AND ADVER-
TIZERS• DIRECTORY
BY GEORGE H. STOOT
1885-1886
BUSINESS DIBECTORY
First A.ve1111e
Leonard Brothers, Lamber. etc.
Leonard and Conover, Feed, Flour, etc.
P. S. Conover, Post Ofllce.
George Hackey, Butcher.
E. C. Booth, Boots and Shoea.
N. E. Roberta and Com~, Groceries and Dry Gooas.
Euenball&'h and Morren. Central Home and "Bakery.
E. -P. Ldbmrow, Boots and Shoes.
W. T. Franklin. Livery Stables.
P. N ~ Harness.
T. lllartin~ Barber.
J. Smock. Veptables.
Bay View Avenue
Grand View Hotel Windsor Hotel
Sea View Hotel Lockwood House
Bay View House Ellis Cottage
J. K. Johnson. ~
Leonard and Linlde. Editors and Publishers.
William Foster, l>avilion. Exemaion and Real Estate.
Rogers and Emery, Beal Estate.
Center Avenue
J. T. Stout. Livery and Grading.
D. L. Conover, Livery Stables.
W. J. Decker, Mineral Water.
D. J. Roberta, Builder.
George Jenkinson. Ice Cream. Stationery, etc.
Fourth Avenue
Robert Emery, Contractor and Builder.
B. S. Snyder, Beal Estate and Commillllioner of Deeds, corner of
First Avenue and Bay Avenue, {over Poat 011!ce).
Cottage Directory
Kr. E. Whitingham ••••••••••••• Brevent Parli:
Lester Moore •••••••••••••••••• Brevent Park
Waldron Moore •••.•••.••••••••• Brevent Park
Jin. J. Wagoner •••••••••••.•••• Brevent Park
Kr. A. Spear .................. . Brevent Park
Kr. E. C. llandiville ............ . Brevent Park
E. Ryan ..................... . Brevent Park
George Davia • • • .. • • • • • • • • ••• Brevent Parle
Theodore Francia ••••••••••.•••• Brevent Parle
J. C. Nobles ••••••••••••••••.•• Glen Noble
J'ames llartm ................. . Avenue D
Dr. Stebbins ................... . South Avenue
Kia Bennett •••••••••.••••••••• South Avenue
Kr. G. W. Barrett, Sr. • •••••••••• South Avenue
Kr. D. llanalleld ••••••.•••••••• South Avenue
D. J. Roberta •••••••••••••••••• mpJ•nd Avenua
J'amea E. Leonard •••••••••••••• Bfibland Avenue
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 28'1
CHAPTER L.
ORGANIZATION OF BOROUGH GOVERNKENT
ALSO
THE ATLANTIC mGHLANDS BUILDING
AND LOAN ASSOCIATION
1887
The time had now arrived for the people who now
formed this new community to centralize and organize a
municipal government of their own, independent and free
from any distinctive interests, and appointed under .the
regular laws of the state.
The principle promoter of this was Mr. John E. Foster,
the newly established and prominent lawyer of the place.
This practical scheme he advanced with his characteristic
force, prompted not only for his own business interests but
for the growth and development of the community.
There was some opposition to the organization. as
there was when a previous attempt was made by P. Y.
Everett and others, some two or three years before. There
is always an extremely conservative class in every com-
munity, that will not willingly assist in the necessary ex-
penditures of a municipal organization; for the comfort
and protection of life and the protection and improvement
of property, as is necessary in all cases of town develop-
ment.
Beside this, there was opposition from the Atlantic
Highlands Association, which was unexpected, 'lS their
line of policy had placed them, at a previous attempt some
years before, as favoring a borough organization; also,
from the fact that for the two seasons previous to the
present year, 1887, they had not as much as lighted the
lamps on Bay View Avenue, where they had been placed
partly for the purpose of lighting the avenue leading to
their summer evening meetings at the Tabernacle and
auditorium; nor had they done anything to persuada the
people to take the 1181lal and necessary steps with the
natural result of a people's government.
The act of 1882 for the formation of Borough Com-
missions consisting of a council of seven commissioners was
considered. The Asaociation, after contesting the case at
the Supreme Court of the state, finally gave up the matter,
FBOK INDIAN TltAIL TO BLBCTJtIC BA.IL Zll
N. :e:. llOBDTS
CHAPTERU.
EVENTS OF 18&1~
and
REPOaT OF THE BOROUGH'S :nBST l'ISCAL YEAR
=
to the town committee fer the boroqh share of the road
monies.
The second meeting Qf ~ boar~ was lleld in the
Club Room, the chair appointing the IISU&l com,
A'llditinc Committff
Edward Boo-
~ (;o.adttef
P..LalwCOGGVw
William ~ ~~
Georgellacbj W.T.~
G-..~Ushtiac
•
==:r~
May 19th, at a meeting held at.tM R.tono Club Roo~
it was ordered that the purchase be 1Ude of forty-five
~eitz (kerosene oil) lulpa. at a. CQllt Qf ~ ud QDe.balf
300 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LIL
THE "GREAT BLIZZARD",
WHICH OCCURRED ON MARCH 12, 1888.
I00.0O
J. E. Footer, 1-1 .....1....
E. a-. work oa •••· . •• •
Geo. ~ - .......,,his. ete.. •
Qm,orate -i. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.00
15.71
21 .00
,.oo
N. J. oa Cc,mpm,:, • • • • • • • • • • u.za J. :&. Footu. eo11AMI ud
otlaff ......ien. •••••••••.•. z&.00
S71'.ZI Pere:, Falldnbars. ~
Da• t,om Tcnm,btp CoUecior
on a~ t.un. .. .. .. . 411.01
-P•, ·••••••••••••·•• ..
Jonathan Piz:ckne,-. ■ff'Tlee•
1.00
Da• from N. J. C. a. a. for u mar•laal. . . . • • • • • . • . • 16.00
llx!Dc oid.,....Ju. • • .. • .. • 12. ea J. D. s....... poillac pi..,.. • • • I.DI
Total aueu. •.•.•••••••..• SJ.181.87 DbcOUDt OD not.ea. . . . •. . . . . :a. 71
BaJaa. ................... sua.1z s1.ooa.11
Paid Cr. BalaAc-. (11Aeollected tu:u.
IAoDaNI 6 Llqle. priatlnc, . •
11'. P. A W. B. Smldl.
8.20
•tc.> . iiiwriounoN° . 171. Tl
work 011 &Yenae •••••••••• 11a1u.. d• fJ'OIII Towublp
N. B. Jtoberta 6 Co. 011. CoUector OD uapeld tu:ff,. . ,11.11
Du from N. J. C. Jt. a. tor
-
matcllea aAd ■ onclrita. .... 41.lZ
11'. T. Fnnklla. work OD llxlna: old....U... •••••••••• 11.11
&TtllON. • ••• ••••• •• •• •• • 291.!1
I,ljrbtlnc Lampo. • • • • • • • • • • • 180.H. c71.IC
Ollce Beat. .•••••••.••••• 18.00 AmoUAt o( Expenditures •••••• U.OOt.1,
Wm. PlntaNI. JesaJ oerm:e•.•
IAoDaNI BrotlaffO lamber for
tnnk• 6 eronlas-. • . • ••
Zl.00
11.H
~~ ~~ ::::::::::::: l;t:::
Baluee In Boroucb ,.,_.,..,, after
Roberta • Geu-:r. eui,.,,te, tb• nedpt of npald taxr.o, ete•
...,.k •••••••••••••••••.•.
J. T. Stoat. work on &Yftuan.
9.U
11.50
and after tM pa:,mat of
,mpald l,lllo, ............... 171,71
abo••
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 307
CHAPTER Lill.
ORGANIZATION OF THE "ATLANTIC
mGHLANDS NATIONAL BANK."
1889.
The year 1889 was one of remarkable progress. The
demand for IGts was far in excess of any previous year
On the 27th of March, il)r. H. A. Clark formed a copartner-
ship with Mr. J. M. Johnson in the drug business. Dr.
Clark was the first registered pharmacist in the place.
On the 22nd of April, the Atlantic Highland., Assoc-
iation sold their entire interest in the pier to the Cl!ntral
Railroad Company for nine thousand dollars. The com-
pany, at the opening of the season, placed on the route a
fine steam-propeller (the "Monmouth") built expressly
for the line. lt was fitted up in first-class style and intend-
ed only for carrying passengers.
This aeason was also the first for running Sunday trips
to and from the City. The citizens had in previo.us years
opposed all Sunday travel, permitting no boats of any kind
to land at the pier. However, the pier having passed out
of their hands, they had no longer any jurisdiction, and the
increase in population and the general public dP.manded
Sunday boats.
. Dulling the Fall, stone sidewalks were, for the first
time, laid on First Avenue, from the pier to Center Avenue.
The local election, in April, brought about somewhat
of a change. Thomas H. Leonard retired, and Join E.
Foster was elected in his place. Edward Hooper retired
and Pete11 S. Conover, Jr., was elected to fill the vacancy.
S. T. White took the place of George Mackey. John E.
Foster was selected president of the commission.
Stout's Electric and Storage Battery Company, in May,
erected a building on Highland Avenue, for the manufact-
ure of electric batteries, with George Radley, the elctrician
oThf the New York Electric Company, as superintendent.
ey, however, failed in their efforts, closed the business,
•Thin~ the building was sold and removed to Bay Avenue.
s was the third attempt to start a factory in the town.
. On the 15th of June, the first Board of Health was ap-
pReointed by the borough commissioners. It consist6d oi
verend E. C. Curtis, James H. Leonard, Dr. H. A. Clark,
Dr. GReorge D. Fay, Dr. J. H. Van Mater and J. B. Swan.
Th e everend Mr. Curtis was made president.
808 FROII INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LIV.
'ORGANIZATIONS OF DIFFERE?."T ORDERS
also the
'THIRD ANNUAL BOROUGH ELECTION-JOHN E. FOSTER,
PRESIDENT,
and the
'FIRST BUSINESS DIRECTORY-BY GEORGE H. STOUT. 1889
u.w. s. - -
~
lt. W. T. PNuUa,
1• 10.
lL1.
1-11.
---·············
.....................
1.10
17.40
I00.00
,z.
--
,o. C. L Jaa_,. ZI.
L of N. 1. belslat
Jaa_,. 10.
,1. W. T. Fraulbl. oa Kt.
...............
F.-.,. L
Wm. Platud. -
,.........,. 11.
.
••••
11.N
111.N
I0.00
zo. l>e7. - - - ......
Octollar&. ,1. S. T. Wldto, oaamln • 11.N
11. S. T. W111ta. nadrlee •• •• ,7 "- Job Jloaat. --■ ••• 11:N
October a. r.-.,.Z7.
ZZ. N. 1. OD Co.. oil •••••• II.II ~I. E. B. C o o k . ~ •• 11.11
ZI. F. Jllomlas,, aaalMr
plat.a .•••••••••••••••• 11.U "• J. T. ~ . -■laoll 11.CI
H. 1. A..._ lampo •••·••• 11.ZO llarela7.
ZI.W.T.J'nalllla..-. •• H.17 ,1.
Job Jloaat. lamp■ ••• 11.N
%1.W.s.Pa-.
Octobell. ,a. D. J. Bolaorto. -- 1.11
~ ...............
JllonmbarlL
. 17.10
llarela ZL
'9. N. B. Bolaorto. o...-i..
60. Bnt ............... .
I.ti
11.00
Z7.l>e7 6 Ba..tt. ........ 171.18 11.Dlaeoaat ........... . ,0.11
N-IMrn. 12. 1>e7 AJloant.
Rafttt.lamp■
- · •••
•• 11.11
ZB.lob 11<nmt. lampo •••• 18.00 II. .Jolla 11.00
Zl.1.T.~. H. W. P. Felldalrars,
-.ball .•.•••..•..•.• 1.00
J>ecem1Mr7.
30. J. T. Stoat. -■ •••
11.00
7.10
Ollndrioe • , ••• •• •••• •••
H.W.P.lrwla.onadrlee. ,.u
.71
IL .Jolla Geu7, - - •
Deeembar :n.
11. W. T. PNuUa. . - . . 110.00 11.111,U
12. Job Jloaat. lamp■ •••• 18.0D
II. N. IL Bolleto 6 Co.. To - t - . . . t ...... Sl.117.01
■'DIMlriea •••••••••••••• 17.ZI 117 amonnt Ezpndod • • • • • 1111.U
14. Job A■11. lamp■ •••••• 11.00
Deeembar II.
IS.1.T.~.
~ - - ........• •
Amonnt of t1-5d BUia &ad
.so
manllall •••••••••••••• SO.OD N- • ... •• • • •• •• • • ••• Sl.Zll.11
»--IMr 11. Amo11ntfrom t1-W Tua.
IL C. L L of N. 1~ 1888 • • • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • S Ill.ta
f>elsllt ••••••••••••••• Dw from t1-5d
Amoallt
Tun. 1881 I 141.11
17. N. J. ~
1190.
1. .....,. 17.
Co.. oil ••••• 1 n.11
......,_t
of Cull OD Band • I .It
1 . .....,. 18. Total ••••••• •• •• ••• ••• •• S lff."
18. 1olm Jloaat. --■ •• 11.ff
Jaa_,. I&. Amoaat of De8elnc7. • ••• S la'l.11
It, P. S. Ccmoftr, tool■ ••• 1.841 S. T. wmn:, or-a-.
Jlorell II, 1810.
---
Aab111T Park and 0.... Groft ber Sbop. Flnt A.-.11ae.
J. T. STOUT
i=:t i':!i.r:..~~s!"':~Dfr. Gneral Co11-.tor, Li•Ol'J' alld Board•
b,Jr Stabln. Stable on Ceater A -re1111e.
Eato11town . G. IIACEEY
Cea-i lllarket
Preab 11Dd Smoked Meats. Poaltn', V es-
Old T...,.mt. Enalhobto_,,
=•
-bin. C.D11od Gooda, Pickle-.
Preel>old D. 1" CONOVER. Pros,rietor
LITOl'J' • Sxclwlce Stablea
~ t b Democrat. Jlomnoatb 111-
FNeboJd Trallaeript. llo1UD011tb
Ceater, opp. llallroad A,,.. Honn kept
on LIT.,.,.. Sold and El<cba...,..t.
x... Eut .1, II. SJIARTS, Proprt.tor.
B-b Cottan• OD the Beach. F labor•
lt.,. Note.
men•■ ud Caa.o~bta• a..ort.
"1SS BERST
~-
li:zitapr!oe, W e e ~ ~ - .1astlee.
baa ODeDed • Select Board!Dtr • D•J'
N...._ - . I , o q Bra,,cb ScbooL Stnaabarc Cottatr• on Bal' AYO.
--
S. T. WHIT£
t>.mocrat. Star. S. Side. GroceriH a11d Dn- Good•
~=
JlataWIID Car. Flnt a11d Ba,- View Ana.
.Joana!. LEONARD BBOi3•
Jlclator, Standard. ~~Tbe
b e r ,I Baii'ci1~
~= ~,!i- J~.t_
. S• B~bt Sea View HonN
S...tlMl. Ia 011• of tbe moat clella:btfal sammc
SDrillc Lake
GeHtte 1111d llln-or. POPS
LUMBER AND COAL 1" D. BBtlSH 6 «;0.
.t..c.ou..... . . _ . D.alffll ID Gueral l'aDcJ' Goodt, !!'Int
Oppoelte tbe L IL Statioll. Att.. ODP-~~UFBUIUlOW
GBNEJIAL MEBCBANDI!!S
Edward W. 1-D&rd, LeoDard.W. Poet Corner of Flrat IIDd Center AffllDH,
Olllee, l)alft ID Dealer ID Boob, ~ ud Babba'
DrF Gooda """ ~ Goode.
FROM INDIAN TRAll, TO ELECTRIC RAIL 319
-kt-.
Jolmaon. J. P .. waterm,m. Celltff A•e. &1141 Aft. B.
Kocll. Cllu.. i,ah,tcr, pliotosraplMr, Bay Aft. and A-. A.
Luis, Jolm. ~ . E4-■ I>nclsiDc Co.. Bay vi... A-. Bou-. Central
Boaae. Flnt A,,._
Larrabee. Walter A. W. A. I.enrlnc'• Lamlllr Co. Hou-. Center A-.
Leonard. Cllu. T .. tanner. B....,ent Part.
L■oD&rd A Li1lclL priD-■• pabllallen of Atlantic Blcllluda ~ d e l l t . brick
'balldmc, Flnt and lloant Aft■•
IAonud. Ella S.. joarna]lat. Flrat and lloant AffL
Leonard. E. w.. - - • pn-1 merclwullu. Leonard'rille.
Leonard. Jamea B.. - • Pint and Bay A...._ Boaae, BlcllJancl. and 1-uN
A-.
L■oD&rd
Broe. balldlnc -tarlal. Flrat A .... - · Bu View A-.
~ JoJm. J .. balldlnc -tarlal. Flrat ........ c,pp. Ba)' View A,,.. eoa.._ Bu
An.. - A - . B.
L■onanl. Tllomaa. - - t ollee at Loonardrille.
t:::=: fi-~i::-•..=::
olllce In
~ Pint A,,.._
bntJdlnc. Boaae, -
Swan
SQ VMW A•e..
bloct. Pint .A.-.
opp. prl-te-
l.etu.W.. lce.W~A,,..._Tlalrd.t.-.
~~~-c:r8i!: ~ - B,
J:Jndei,, Praderict. - - - - · u - i . ....... - 8natla A-.
Linsk. CuoUne, Joarnallat. Pint - lloant A....
1-1<-, Geo. w.. -..itns - . . . SQ vi... - Jl'oartll A••·
Lafbarrow, Ecbert P .. - - . - . Flnt - em- A-. ?.oca•• Boue.
Lafbarrow, J - b ; -
=
market. Bay vi..., ...... Pint .A.n. Boaee
Jlack.,., Geom. - t &1141 •esetable market. Flrat An.. .,.... poatolllce.
~=t•:;=,
....... A...._ near poeto1llce.
Point.
=~- -··
llauon,J=- Claapel BIii..
11~:J;j.;"--■- • - • Pint &1141 Cn- A.,,.._
• " - Own. , - , Soatll
drl,rer, A....
· - &1141- A-. C.
- -A,re.
. ~ ~ ~ : . " ~- t . ad ot . . .
~ i~ Nal - - . Pint A .... - Bay A.... Boaae. J'oartll. - ~
~A.~ ~
- - - - 11117 '911w - 8leoad ..._
~ ~ -■111er .......... Pint .a..... w - Bu -
- en-
llllllor~ ~~ A.,,.._
. _ , ~ Flnt ........ - ~
II-.; Wllllam. Tlllrd A-. - ■-t Aft.
322 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
:=.r,
Welda, Jerome. - - lAoDard'l'llle.
C.. tuld.;_~=dc:,.:::
William■• Fndfflc:k, bqpn - • South A•e.
!;:; JlollBt.
Wbiek-. J., farmv, Cnter A•e.
:l.'::[.:!:.,~•=• ~ ~~ Fourth A•e.
:t:::: ~: ~~~~-.: ;:.:.;t..t -
Awe.. near llollllt.
0
Ba,- View A-.... BOllH, :t.lsllth.
;ti~ Geo,-, cle,-lt, Flnt alld Ba,- View ........ HoaH. El,:bth ......
w.....iwut r:::~.;.::::.~J;~d VI.,. Hotel. Ba,- View ATe.
~":it i:_~_,i:i-:rn;,i~•--b:k Rood, - Billalde.
324 FROlll INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTERLV.
with but little effort. The first nine was formed with John
Lang, captain; short-stop, C. M. Slayton; catcher, Murray
E. Foster; pitcher, Frank Rue; first baseman, Charles Con-
over; second baseman. Robert Zebley; third· baseman, E.
R. ::Mills; right fielder, John Johnson; center fielder, Gilbert
Chapin.
There had been for years an effort made for a bridge
across the Navesink (North Shrewsbury) River. People
friendly to the enterprise had contended from which point
in the river the bridge should be located - from
John H. Patterson's point, known as "Blossom Cove," near
Red Bank, different points had been considered, to Locust
Point and Oceanic.
Mr. John H. Patterson and Mr. William E. And.--ews
had been the most active in the matter, each favoring the
extreme point named, as their interests indicated. Much
hard work was done, and it seemed in vain, although auch
is generally the case in all large movements.
The Central Railroad, in 1889, through President
Adams and his Assistant Superintendent Justis E. Ralph.
finally took the matter in hand, sending the writer several
passes, to assist in securing influential citizens to meet the
Board of Chosen Freeholders at the regular meeting at
Freehold. A good!:r number consented to take the trip
and were on hand at the time and place indicated.
All at once it occurred to the party that speeches were
in order---and who should make them? There was a joint
caucus called in haste at the Court House door, and
things were desperate. Mr. R,-lph tried with all his native
eloquence but with poor success to persuade Mr. William H.
Posten, Sr., that he was an orator of the first magnitude.
While all this was transpiring, the meeting had been
called, and the opportunity for the Freeholders to con!'ent
to authorize the biiilding of the bridge across the river from
Locust Point to Oceanic was passing. The writer, in desp-
eration, passed into the meeting room (leaving Mr. Ralph
r.till wrestling with Mr. Posten, endeavoring to persuade
him of his latent gifts), and stood up before the Board, and
presented the case in a manner that would have caused
Chauncey Depew to have recoDSidered his calling :&a a
epeechmaker. He waa followed by R. S. Snyder, in his
usual impressive strain, and backed by Mr. W. H. Posten,
Sr., Joseph Lufburrow, John E. Williams, Webster Swan
and others. It is needless to say that the Freehol<lers
granted our request.
A meeting of the Assembly Committee on the Oceanic
Bridge bills was called at Trenton in February, 1890. There
was great opposition to the bridge by the :Merchant Steam-
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 327
ll(ISCELLANEOUS
United States Express Coml)llny, at railroad station. Samuel F. Pat-
terson, Agent.
Postofll-Fint, opp. ~ter Ave. James H. Leonard, Postmaster.
Railroad Station-Washington Ave.
National Bank of Atlantic Highlan~Fint and Bay Aves.
W. C. T. U. Temple-KoUJ1t, opp. Railroad Ave.
Hook and Ladder Co.-Truck House, Center Ave., opp. Railroad Ave.
Tabernacle-Bay View Ave.
Atlantic lwtblands Association-Rev. E. C. Curtis, President. Office
at resiaence. Bay View Ave.
White's HaD-Firat and Bay View Aves.
Atlantic Hishlands and Navesinlc Stage Boute to boats and ~
Charles H. Green, Proprietor.
Atlantic Hishlands Cornet Band-Ave. A. and Bay Ave.
SOCIETIES
LO. O. F.-llrleet at White's Hall, First and Bay Aves., every Wednes-
day night. Georee Brannin, N. G.; E. H. Cook. Secretlary.
Knights of Pytbju-llrleet at White's Hall, every Monday uirht. S. T.
Champion, District Deputy; J. E. Foster, C. C.; T. J. "Emery, K.
of R. and S.
Som of Temperan-llrleet at White's Hall, every Thmaday. James
H. Leonard, W. P.; Robert Zebley, R. S.
Pavoni& Yacht Club-Bay View Ave.
W. C. T. U.-The Temple, MoUJ1t, opp. Railroad Ave. Mrs. M. E.
Allen, President.
The "Y'll"-The Temple. Mias Hattie Vail, President.
Loyal Temperance Legion-The Temple. Hrs. E. Hooper, President.
The King's Daupter&-The Temple. Hrs. E. Hooper, President.
334 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LVI.
LOCATING LEONARDO STATION
and
THE OPENING OF THE NAVESINK BRIDGE
1891.
::f- -~~
'~-.· ·.:. .
~- ..
·!j• • ·:
'.
;~- f
-....... ::~-~
,
(:~:'.:
;~~~~~~- .
AT ANDREW'S HOTEL
INVITED GUESTS
Monmouth County Board of Freeholders,
Atlantic Highlands Borough Commissioners,
Township Committee of Middletown Township,
Atlantic Highlands Board of Health,
Middletown Township Board of Health.
Hon. J. Clarence Conover D. B. Westbrook
Hon. D. S. Crater Rev. W. A. Price
Hon. C. A. Bennett Hon. Charles H. Haight
Hon. Pitney C:irtis Hon. H. M. Nevius
Hon. J. T. Haight Hon. W. S. Throckmorton
Hon. Rulif P. Smock E. W. Arrowsmith
Hon. Charles H. Ivins Rev. Edward Loux
Rev. J. M. Pringle Hon. Joh.i S. Applegate
Hon. Wm. Pintard Rev. John H. Fox
Jehu P. Applegate Jacob T. Stout
Rev. Jos. G. Reed Rev. W. B. Harris
George Cooper Joseph L Thompson
Rev. Hazlet McKim George H. Sickles
N. H. Roberts O. B. Collins
Rev. Wm. Blackiston D. W. Dean
D. G. Campbell Benj. M. Hartshorne
Wm. H. Posten
NAVESINK BRIDGE OPENING-(F:-om the Monmouth Press).
A Grand Gala Day.
The Navesink Bridge Formally Opened-A Big Dinner.
Jl'JNANCLU. JUCPOltT
or-n-• or 8. T- lllooolSON. -■----•-·
.1,me Z1-
10-00
ATLANTIC JUGBI.ANDS Jlow■ff A Padtloek. lllll1J wark_ Z-11
Tnuve'■ Bos,ort 8. T. Bloodaoo,L road■ ____ • _• _ 11.to
Jtem....-.
8-,tof_,._._of_Bor-
-11 Comml■■loa of Atlaatle Blslalaad■
C. IL Sayder,
.lab- I.
;s_ "'- Cardncr. Jab
prlatb,c
bri.S..- •• -- - - -
'·"
1.00
for - :,ear eaclbas S.-bff llU,, 10.
1191.
Peo oFalkb,bms.
f ~ aad ,._. Dl■- __ In - W-. York. ...U- - - • _ - • - • - - • • 11.00
Jab 17.
- t wltll tlle Atlantic BiclllaDd■ Bor- T. Galre,,, ldl1mc foar ,lap_ - 4.60
- Comm!■-.,_ April 4tll ta
_ _ . . , lltll.1111. L Coacll, --■- - - - • - • -
Ja]y 11.
- - - - - ILSO
BBCElPT8 A. ;s_ Cook. - - - - - - - - - •• - .. 11.00
zo.
.._ -
April ..
llaDd. - - _____ • __ -• :n.aa
11-
De,. A •-tt. Jal)-
roads - - , - - - - -
J. Jloaat, --■- · - __ - • - - - - _ _
ZZ.00
:: ::: m:::
April :ti.II
f;..!~~- ~-~~=
5 - m Bank - - - - - - - - - - - - - __ 1.1171.ff
D. L. eoao..,, - - _- - - - - - - •
Ja]y 11.
T. Galre,,, t11ne <los■- __ - - - __
LOO
1.00
J_ T- Stocat, ,-,la .. - - - - .. .. %61.10
DJSBlJJlll!:JIEN n.ua.aa Ancaat_______
T. T- Jlocen. l'Ollda- 1- ,_ 17,14
ita finances and I trust that it will be your aim in all· upenditu'l'l!!t to
leC1l1'e the greatest gmn at the least cost and to increase oar benefits
and decrease our obligations without sacrificing any of the material
interest of the borough, and in this connection I would reco1DJ11end
that you adopt the low tax rate of the past year, which will, in my
opinion, produce sufficient revenue to meet all present obligations and
to properly carry on the necessary improvements for the balanc>? of
the fiscal year. This result has been made possible by the increased
valuation of the large tracts of real estate, the large increase in ;,uild-
ing and the growth of the borough, and above all by the thorough and
complete assessment of all property at its actual value for the lint
"time has been made. And I estimate that at the rate suggested, i. e.,
~003, about $3,600. would be realized instead of $1,500. as heretofore,
and this result can be obtained with but little if any increase to the
individual taxpayer.
Third-the streets and sidewalks of the town should command
.YQ'lll' early and careful attention. Our limited income in the past pre-
vented us from inaugurating and completing many improvements which
were regarded as necessary and desirable, "but now with our enlarged
powers and revenue all obstacles have been removed and I would
strongly recommend that you cause the grade to be fixed and estab-
lished on every public street and sidewalk in the borough limits; that
for the preservation of the road bed you cause suitable stone gutters
to be built wherever necessary and that yon cause sidewalks to be
constructed in all parts of the borough in which building operati.:>ns
liave been commenced or other improvements started.
Fourth-the increase in our population and particularly 1:1 the
number of our permanent residents has created a demand for an en-
Jarged police force, and while we have been fortunate in the past iu
n!quiring but little service from the force we bad, yet at our present
nte of development the need of a larger and more efficient police pro-
tection must be apparent to all and I recommend the appointment of a
Borough Marshal at a suitable compensation, who will be on regnlsr
duty, and two or more policemen at a low salary, for evening duty. and
that in making such appointments regard should be had to the v:uiom
sections of the town regarding the service of such a force.
Fifth-the public health of the borough has been excellent, a re-
anlt which is largely due to the efrorts of the board of health, who, iu
apite of limited means and without litigation, have secured the ol:.;erv•
ance by our citizens of their regulations and the provisions of their
code. Their e1forta for the future must depend in a large measure on
the appropriations you may make for their work and I feel that the
importance of the subject is sufficient to induce you to treat it with
the liberality which it deserves.
~ n o subject appeals more direc:tly to •our citizens than that
of street lighting. O'lll' exposed position on the Bay Shore unfortunate-
ly !urnishes too aevere a test for the present service of oil lamps which
on our principal streets have been found wholly inadequate to meet
the wants of the town, and I recommend you take under consideration
at an early day, the subject of a more modem and satisfactory method
of street lighting.
· Seventh-one subject that for a long time has claimed the atten·
tion of our citizens and whic-h has been brought to my notice on a
number of occasions is the introduction of water and sewerage systems
in our borough. This is a matter of vast importance to every resident
of O'lll' town and one that is entitled to :ind should receive the most
careful consideration and I would recommend that action be taken by
YO'lll' body to secure an expression of all our citizens on the subject
as a prelimin:iry step to your future guidance and action on the matter.
FROM INDIAN TRAil.. TO ELECTRIC RAIL 343
Ta-Ta-
AaNnl E. Johatoa. Aaaembl7m8D- Charla Van IClrk. lllddletoWII: term
Claarln H. Ina, ~blymaa. uplrw 1894.
STATE comrrs A. C. WIiiia. Jl:-bnrc: tum aplrn
1814.
Cll&Deer:,-nnt 111 F"""'"'• I>anlel Clffeacer. Seulde: term .,..
third Taoaday IA 11&7. third Tuood&T
ID October. Jrirnl8H.
Special ~ for the Towulllp-
8 - • Coa..-Thlnl ID Feb- Charlea IL Green. Jr_ C. JI.U JolaD•
1'111U'7. lint Tneoday IA Ju- - - . Wm. Calalll.
TDacllly IA N-"&ff.
Court of Erron-Flnt Toffda7 ID TOWNSHIP BO.ARI> OF HEALTH
llan:la. tlllnl Ta-,, ID Jane. third Jacob Swan. Praldent. Atlantlc Hlsil•
TDna7 ID NOTalber. Janda.
~ Jlorford. N. . J l - t h .
COUNTY OFF1CEU. J. H. Van - • II. I>- Atlantic Hlch•
Jlonmoatll Comltr. JandL
:s. C]a,.._ eono...... Law Jadp. Rataen S. SDJ'der. 8-tarJ'. Atlantic
Charla A. Beanett. Sr- La,- Jadp. Hlclalanda and N- JI-th.
PltM7 Cartla. La,- :Saqe. B. A. H ~ II. I>- Town PhJ'·
Claarln Haldat. ProNentor of PS-.. alclan and Healtla ~ . Atlaatlc
John T. Balsht. Clerk.
Ila•ld S. Clster. S ~ t e . Hlc~BOUCB Ol"FICDS
Jtalll P. S - . Shedir.
... s. Tlaroekmortoa. Colloctor.
c-.1,,«men..
ELECTIONS
l'aD-Tlle lint Tnftda7 after tlle lint
11-,, 111 No..-ber.
~ T h e HCOD<I TaHda,- ID llarch.
Polla .,-,,_ from I A. IL to 7 P. IL
Baroasla election of Atlantic Illclalanda
tlle lint TaHda>' 111 APriL 2 to 1 P. II.
~--
Tlaomaa B. 1-D&rd (fOC' -
C11W Coae-fe ■ 'oftff.
p_,, l"aildDIMuz (for -
Thomae :Sem,lnp (for tllrw ,....,.
Som.,. T. Claamplon (for two ,....,.
s.!::~·Jlama (for two
,....,.
,....,.
,-ean>.
TOWNSHIP OFFICDS William II. Foater (for - ,....,.
TOWII Clerlt-C-S. BraDD!n. Nansiak WIUmm T. Fraak1la (for - ,-->.
ud Atlantic Hlchlucla.
Aa--ltauen S. NathaDJal 8H. --■• Collector.
SDJ'der. N. . Jloa.
moatll and Atl&Dtlc Ilichlancla. J~ :"i.-'",:::·For bonmsll
~..!i..lll>t. lleaj. Grfsp. Port - SHO: for boroaela , _ - .
PNueldff< Jello P. Cooper: term a- n.o:gROUGH BOARD OF HEALTH
pfrea 18112. P. O. Bed Bank. Dr. E. C. Cartla. PNaldeat.
J-
Town Coa11111t--.lohn H. Van Kater. (;apt. Ju,.. H. 1-Dard. SecretarJ'.
II. I>- Chalnnan. Atlantic HlshllUlcla: J. B. Swan. 1 - .
t«m aplns 189%.
0-S. Jlorford. ,._._ N.,. Jlon.
aoatll: - . . aplra 1894.
Dr. J. H. van Ila-.
Jacob T. Stoat. Jl-ber.
Jlambor.
Dr. Ceo. I>. Fa,-. Kamber.
Swan. Atlantic Illchlanda; t«m
aplrw18U. ~~ ~~~JUDI>LETQWN
=--
Appolated bJ' ~~ Committee.
Camml11alonon of ~ N . H. Ilob-
- . Stoot S. Comi>toa. John JlorfMd.
Snn.,..,n of Hlsla-,-.-.Joa. S, Clark. I>latrict 1-Haddn°a Coraor. Cllarld
Jolla L Slckle,,. Van IClrt.
o...r...r of tlle P-Wm. P. Irw1D.
Atlantic HishlaDda.
:SutlcH of tlle P...-.John Ellla. Atlan·
t:=-;~w~·c.
tic Hlshlancla: term ap(rw 1894.
8 - a T. Champloa: term aplra
I>latrict 4--Port ._th .
Sh«9. -
1894. I > = ~ ~ 1 - Johll I. Ta,-lor.
0-S. H. Slckla. Nanalllk; - . . .,.. s - . J-la Apple-
I>latrict -Nat
~ 8::..~..m.. z - BrsJ'. Jr.
piral8H.
J - H. Stoat. Hicblaacla: tanD a-
pfrea 1891. I>latrice I--Qlapel J111L Aac1Nw Willtor•
Hem7 C. Tulor. lllddletowD: - Dlatrlct -Hlchlancla. TMmu S-t.
ftP(N91896. I>latrict lo-oat Hill. Patrick SalaoL
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 345
346 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LVII.
MISCELLANEOUS EVE!li"TS-1892
OPE:Nn;G OF THE CENTRAL RAILROAD
with all others in the matter of atreet making. Blanlcs were israecf.
in which the owners of property on a street agreed to construct the
llidewalb, and requested the Council to place the road bed of such
street to grade and in proper condition. When these blanb were prop.
erly signed they were filed with the Borough Clerk, and the work was
done on the various streets in the order in which the applications were
filed. The total amount expended during the year in the construction
and maintaining of streets was f2,087.43. I would recommend that
this system of written applications for street iJnprovement be continued
in force, as it gives every section of our town an equal opportunity to
eecure a part of the amount expended for public purposes, and at the
same time oft"ers to enterprising property owners a special inducement
to construct and maintain side\, alb in front of their respective prop-
erties.
The subject of street ligbtin~ bas called for the greatest c:2re and
attention on the part of the BorouJh government, and in the absence
of any oft"er from an electric lighting company which the interest of
our citizens would justify the council in accepting, we felt constrained
to continue the present system of kerosene lighting. We have bad
about 100 street lamps in use the year round, and have spent for this
service $796.19. I would recommend that the present system of light-
ing continued in force until a more modern system of lighting, on
reasonable terms, can be secured, and that a competent man be em-
ployed, at a proper compensation, to keep the present lamps in the
best order po!sible.
Varioas incidental matters have called for the expenditure of
quite a large sum of money. The expense of printing, elections, etc.,
connected with the reorganization of the Borough, a safe, appropria-
tions for the Board of Health, altogether required the sum of $1,484.42.
The interest manifested in the large attendance at our recent
school meeting, and the steps taken at that meeting, looking to the
erection of a new school house east of the railroad, calls for the support
of the Council, and our citizens generally, to the action of our school
trastees in thur eft"ort! to enlarge the school facilities of the district.
I wou!d strongly recommend that you urge the importance on our
Board of Health of a strict enforcement of their ordinances, and that
You furnish the Board with an appropriation sufficiently large to enable
them to maintain the present excellent sanitary condition of the town.
The questions of a water supply :ind a sewer system continue to
he agitated by our citizens, and I believe the Council should in the near
future submit the qu~on of bonding the town for this purpose to a
vote of the people.
A ws~er supply 'W'Ould off'er special inducements to those con-
templating a eettlement in our town, in the increased protection it
wohoul-i a1f.,rd from fire, and the convenience it would a1ford house
lc!ers.
. There are various other matters calling for action on your part
which will be brought to your attention at the proper time.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS H. LEONARD,
Mayor.
William F. Mount was selected as chief marshal, and
was duly sworn in.
On April 20th, Commissioner Conover, chairman of
the street committee, reported the new road machine had
done very satisfactory work on Bay, South and Highland
Avenues.
'356 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
property owners could not see the values in the same light
and several times it looked as though there would be much
difficulty in making satisfactory arrangements with the
property owners along the bay front. It has been strongly
argued that the new railroad line would ruin the bay front,
while others think it will be
of little, if any, disadvan-
tage, and it is the impres-
sion of many that it has
cost the railroad company
pretty dearly for the right-
of-way.
"The long steamboat
pier was commenced the lat-
ter part of October and for
a long time the work seemed
to go very slowly. The cold
weather in December also
hindered the work on the
pier to a great extent. At
one time the pile drivers
were disabled by being
wrecked by the severe
• storm. Since then thou-
sands of piles have been
brought here and the work
has progressed rapidly,
Map of C. R. R. of N. J. Piles have been driven Sun-
days and moonlight nights when the weather would
permit.
"While there have been a few minor accidents the Pile
Driving :Company can congratulate themselves th&;t no
serious accident has thus far occurred. Many of the men
have had cold baths, but so far as we have been able to
ascertain, with no serious results. At the end of this week
the piles fon the long pier will all have been driven. For
several weeks workmen have been engaged in preparing
the piles for the reception of the railroad track, and in two
week's time the ties and rails will be laid so that trains can
be run out into the bay over fourteen hundred feet, some-
thing that has never been seen before in the history of our
town.
"Still the pile drivers are not through with their work.
The 'Y' or 'L,' as it is familiarly known, has yet to be made.
A track will be run in front of the Hotel Avon and inter-
sect with the bay front road, and a track will also be nm
from near Champion's bathing pa\ilion across the old pier
360 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
handling the large l!UmDler bwsiness and the additional traffic secured
from Atlantic Highlands and the immediate vicinity are con.~dered, the
change will prove beneficial, notwlthstanc:iing the expense, which will
be little short of $1,000,000 when all is completed. ·
"Several contracts were awarded to do the work, which includes
dock building, driving piles, dredging and blasting. Messrs Cofrode .t
Saylor, proprietors of the Philadelphia Bridge Works, have done the
pile driving and are now finishing the long pier. All the pier work is
in the hands of these contractors, and in addition to that they have
built the new drawbridge across the Shrewsbury River. F. A. Bowen
is the superintendent for the firm and has been on the ground since
work was begun last November. Mr. Bowen superintended the con-
struction of the Long Island Railroad terminal at Oyster Bay, N. Y.,
which was built in connection with the Eastern States line. The dred;;-
ing was done by Burke Bros. The automatic switches and signals are
in charge of the Union Switch and Signal Company, of Swissvale, Pa.
The plans, specifications, etc., were done by the railroad company's
engineer corps, nnder the direction of Chief Engineer J. H. Thompson.
S. H. Kupp is the engineer in charge of the company's portion of the
construction work.
"The first object that attracts the eyes of a visitor to Atlantic
Highlands at the present time is a small army of men moving about
the pier, the two "Y'', and the approach to the terminal from the old
station, which is the terminus under present conditions of the Atlantic
Highlands branch from Matawan. The puffing of enlP.nes attached to
the construction trains is heard from morning until evening. The
quiet village on the fo~lad bluff overlooking Sandy Hook and the
ocean never before in its ,history saw such genuine activity as is going
on there now. It has inspired the permanent residents with a desire
to bestir themselves, and everybody seems to have fallen into the spirit
of the enterprise and taken as much interest in what is going on as the
railroad officials themselves. The town has taken a wonderful boom,
and within the village limits those who own green acres and plots of
smaller dimensions are blessing the Government for establishing a gun-
Practice station at Sandy Hook. In some parts of the town lots that
sold for $200 might be bought now for $400, but sometimes more is
asked. Directly on the rise of the blulf is the exclusive private sum-
mer cottage section. No one short of a coal baron or life insurance
President could look seriously at some of the pretty plots that command
an uninte~pted view of the river and ocean. Instead of having an
occasional boat in summer, the place will now have, it is said, boats at
half-hour intervals. All the towns as far as Red Bank can send their
train loads of passengers via Atlantic Highlands instead of by the all-
rail route, and no one doubts but a large percentage of business men
will choose this course, with the pleasure of a cool ride, by boat up
the bay thrown in, during the morning, and the same on the return
at evening.
"The New Jersey Southern trains will transfer their pass.?ngers at
the Highlands. In an interview, Proprietor Morton, of the Grand View
Hotel, which is the largest hotel at Atlantic Highlands, said that the
conveniences now being established are attracting attention, and he
has already booked a ~ t many guests for the season Wlho want to
get rooms early to avoid being crowded out altogether when the rush
begins. The smaller hotels and !:>oarding-houses report the same bright
~utlook. Supt. Bowen explained the manner in which the terminal work
JS being conducted.
"It was in November last when the force of men was first put on.
Tbe dreciginc and pile driving were conducted while the grading and
fillinc in was started from the shore. Six pile drivers have been work-
866 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
ing up to very recently and as.all the piles are driven, excepting those
on which the north end of the "Y" will be built, aome of them have
been withdrawn. These pile drivers averaged 200 piles a day. There
are 7,000 piles in the entire work. All the llllpporta under the pier
floorinc have been creosoted to prevent rot from dampness. The pier
itself is the longest in the country with the exception of one in one of
the cities on the great lakes. Its length is 2,400 feet, and width for the
tint 200 feet from the end, 270 feet. It decreases gradually in width
until it reaches the shore. A one-story shed will cover the front end
and extend back 200 feet. This will be used for waiting roo1115, bal:-
gage rOOIDS and ticket offices. At the upper end, where the boats will
la_nd, two spa.ces have been left about twenty-five feet • ~ Bridges,
something after the style used in ferry sli~ will be built in them and
can be nused and lowered with the tide to allow passengers to land
from the boats. In addition to that a series of portable steps will be
kept on the pier which will be run up close to the string piece for the
convenience of passengers landing from the upper dec:b.
"The pier will contain ten tracks with covered platforms sixteen
feet wide between them. These tracks lead down to where the ''Y"
branches off to the left. A signal tower there controls them. This
tower is built on the north side of the pier. It is a two-story structure.
The upper story contains twenty-eight levers, which control ten signals
and fifteen switches, the longest of these being 1,300 feet distant from
the signal house. It will make no difference bow great the traffic over
the tracks, all trains can be readily controlled by the signalman in the
tower. The pier beyoi:d where the "Y" branches to the left, is on a
lltraigbt line with the Atlantic Highlands station. The land has been
graded ao that a train can run direct from the head end of the pier on
to the Atlantic Highlands branch without any inconvenience to passen-
gers. When a train is despatched on the New Jersey Southern division
it is shifted from any one of the ten tracks to the left turn of the "Y",
which is double tracked. The end of the "Y" running to the right en-
ables trains to run continuously from the New Jersey Southern's main
tracks around on the Atlantic Highlands branch without change. In
buildinJ the right turn of the "Y" it was found that the old Avon Hotel
came directly in the way.,The company purchased the hotel, and it will
be demolished. Particular care baa been taken to preserve the wood
on the pier and on the "Y". Every tie on which the tracks are laid
have been creosoted with the exception of those on the curves, where it
was necessary to place ties that had not been subjected to the prepara•
tion, which is said to soften the wood somewhat and the spikes do not
take so strong a hold. In the construction of this work it has taken
300,000 feet of Georgia pine. To prevent accidents happening through
a train coming in too fast the company baa adopted the use of the El·
lis patent bumper. One of these will be placed at the end of each
track.
"When soundings were taken for the location of the terminal it
was found that a small ledge of rock came directly in the way of the
boats and it was necessarY to remove it. A diver was employed for
two weeks and by the use of dynamite the obstruction was removed.
The boats draw a little over eleven feet of water and will be able to
land at the end of the pier without difficulty even when the tide is low-
est.
"The first station will be called Bay View Station. It is beyond
the shore end of the pier and will be more for the accomodation of the
patrons of Curtis's bathing pavilion than anything else. Probably ~e
most wonderful feature of the improvements is the new line extending
from the pier to the drawbridge, opposite Highland Beach. Without
this little four-mile road the improvements would not count for any-
...
-~,,
..,
,.,,,; ,.
'"l. :~~.-
. 'Ju''
-~~~,
...
•''.
FROM rnDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 367
thing, as by any other plan than the one adopted four stations north of
Seabright would have been left without railroad communication. Had
it not been for that a more feasible rout<: could have been selected back
of the Highlands. As it is, it was r.ecessary to construct a roadbed
along at the foot of the Highlands in the water. When the work was
begun three construction trains were commissioned to haul rock, sand
and slag for this line. A large force of men were put on the job with
derricks to assist them. The material to a great extent came from
Scranton, Pa. The road is virtually a stone wall wide enough to per-
mit the laying of double tracks. . The rock that form the outside of the
wall weigh several tons each, and the prediction of some of the old res-
idents of the Eighlands that a storm will come along some day and
wash the entire roadbed away does not seem to have any justification
to back it up. The drawbridge connecting the mainla:id with Highland
Beach is 1,700 feet long with a draw 200 feet long, leaving intervala
of 100 feet at either side when it i3 turned f•Jr vessels to pass through."
A REMINISCENCE
By Thomas T. Rogers.
(Composed for the Board of Trade Banquet last Monday).
I think in eighteen hundred eighty-one,
Some of us first came here and had begun-
But we felt so lonely! What a pity
That there was no fast line for the city.
True, a steamer sometimes crossed the bay,
Till the owners found it did not pay,
So we drove to Red Bank, or walked around;
Or else took Franklin's stage to Middletown.
But now, thanks to the Railroad Company,
We have both all-rail routes and boats you see
Aud now from here we can reach any place
That has e'er been known to the human race.
Kay 30, 1892.
The summer schedule for the running of trains, con-
necting with the Central Railroad boats, to and from New
York and Atlantic Highlands, included frequent trains to
;iccommodate the Red Bank travel and the south, which
was entirely in keeping with the practical necessity, both
of the traveling public, and of the railroad. This occurred
soon after the opening of the new terminal at this place.
The trains were well patronized, as the people were quick
to recognize the convenience and pleasure connected with
a trip over the beautiful bay.
But they were soon doomed to disappointment. After
about ten days' running of the trains, they were discontin-
ued, to Red Bank, connecting with the boats; and it was
thought the Pennsylvania road gave the Central Railroad
a gentle reminder of the agreement made between them in
connection with the New York and Long Branch Railroad-
in effect, that neither company should diver:t travel from
that road. This contract was made before the recognized
exi&tenc.? of Atlantic Highlands, and has been a great dis-
advantage to us in preventing our receiving what must
eventually be our own; as I recognize that, in years to come,
Atlantic Highlands will be the New York and New Jersey
ferry line for all the territory south of us.
In June of this year, Charles R. Snyder was admitted
to practice as an attorney-at-law, having served the requi:.
site four years clerkship and passed the examinations be-
fore the Supreme Court, on the 8th and 9th of June, 1892.
On September 19th, Miss M. Berst opened a select
boarding and day school, on Bay Avenue.
The Atlantic Highlands M. E. Church property, cor-
ner of First and Mount Avenues, was sold September 18th,
to Mr. Edward Jansen, for $10,000; the church building
being reserved by the church. The property purchased by
~376 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
time to call your attention to this position of this State. If, however,
the United States intends to use Sandy Hook for quarantine purposes,
it cannot be contended that it bas any power to grant the use of the
ground for quarantine purposes to the State of New York without
a11lrmative action on the part of the State Board of Health of New
Jersey.
"As Sandy Hook is not an island but a part of the mainland, I also
desire to call attention (if the United States authorities proceed) to
the necesaity for extraordinary precautions being taken by them by
land and water patrol to prevent any of the steamship passengers
landed at Sandy Hook, or any one coming in contact with them, from
going_ into any other part of the· State of New Jersey; also, that if
the United States assumes quarantine powers it will have proper ves-
sels to take up all :floating matter thrown away from any of the in-
coming steamers and destroy such refuse, and that that it will prevent
in the future such steamers from throwing this dangerous matter into
the waters of the lower bay, where it :floats upon our ahores. Boxes
and bedding from these steamers have al!:.eady been found upon the
shores of the Township of Middletown, between Keyport and Atlantic
Highlands. In former visitations of cholera our people who handled
matter :floating on the shores from cholera ships were attacked with
this disease, and those now living there are, therefore, naturally anx-
ious lest the same result flow from like causes now existing. If the
United States assumes 9uaraontine control of these vessels its officials
can secure the people living upon the shores o! this State from this
danger. .
"Our State and local Boards of Health are doing everything pos-
sible to ~ d against the entry of cholera into the country through
their jurisdiction, and desire to act in harmony with all other author-
ities working for like ends.
(Signed) "Leon Abbott."
(Copy of the reply from President Harrison.)
September 10th.
"I have directed that if Sandy Hook is used for the ~ of
landing passengers from the ships in quarantine that absolutely safe
precautions be taken against co-unication by them with the shore.
The Attorney Genen.l will consider the question of the ript of the
United States to make such a 1ISe of the reservation. You may be
assured that your people will be protected by every poaible aafegua.rd.
Will call Secretari Foster's attention to your complaint about infected
articles being thrown into the bay and aee that it ia prevented."
Lincoln Ave.
Washington
Highland
.
from
.
Grand
.
to
.
First
Ave. D
Mount Stand pipe Creek
Prospect Entire
Eighth Entire
Seventh B,~Y V!;W Garfield
Sixth Mount
Fifth
Fourth
Third
.
Entil'e
Mouut
Garfield
Second Mount
First Doclt Valley Drive
Bay View First Hooper
Ave. A B,~Y South
Ave. B Hig~d
Ave. C.
Ave. D
Bay Ave.
Centel'
South
First
Creek
"
"
Ave. D
.
Garfield Grand " Third
Hoopu " Bay View Stand pipe-
Asbuey G:rand " First
This arrangement will include all the territory in the;
borough in which buildings have been erected and will ·
furnish house service to nearly every building in town and
fire protection for all.
The Observatory Park Improvement Company gen:..
erously offered to give the borough Lot No. 20 in Observ-
atory Park, valued at i2,000 for the location of the stand
pipes. This lot is one of the highest, most convenient and
accessiole points for the location of the stand pipe in town.
ana this gift to the borough will save the taxpayers fully-
$2,000 in the estimated cost of the construction of the prer-
posed water works.
Mr. Bassett stated that there was no question baf that·
the entire work could be easily completed by June 1st. He·
said it would take nearly six weeks to complete the pre-
liminary work preparatory to the construction w-0rlc,. This·
Preparatory work would consist of establishing- the grades •.
locating the stand pipe, the pumping station, testing the
'!Velis, having the quality of water analyzed and ascertain-
~g the quantity of the same, making plans and specifica-
tions that bids for the construction of the works might be;
received. ·
An arrangement was made continuing Mr. Bassett as:
consulting engineer, and the work of the survey at once
co:mnrenced.
September 22nd was a red-letter day in tile history of
Atlantic Highlands, and it is believed by- m&1JT that the-
382 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER XLvm
ORGANIZATION OF CHURCHES
AND THE
ESTABLISHING OF THE WATER AND SEWER SYSTEMS
OF THE BOROUGH
1893.
ELECTION.
Memoranda taken from the Borougn l;ierx·s boo1rs,
March 15th. The Clerk presented the election returns,
showing the election of the following officers:
Mayor-Thomas H. Leonard.
Council, Peter S. Conover and William Letts.
Holdover Councilme~ohn H. Van llriater, Percy Falkinburg.
Clerk-S. T. Champion.
Commissioners of Appeal-S. T. White, Edward Hooper, J. M. Quack-
enbush.
Judge of Election-William F. Mount.
Inspectors of Election-Louis S. Sculthorpe, J. B. Valleau.
The :Mayor appointed the Messrs Conover and Falk-
enburg a committee on water; Van Mater and Letts, on
sewerage.
There were four bids received at the March 16th meet-
ing for pumping station machinery. The Barr Pumping
Company, of Philadelphia, received the contract, the; bid
being the lowest and the most satisfactory in all oth.:r re-
spects to the Council.
The placing of the $100,000 bonds had been a matter
of much consideration, accompanied with considerable aruc-
iety and work, to the Mayor and Council. It seemed dif-
ficult to place them in our own state, and the financiers of
New York City did not especially favor receiving bonds
from a town of our size, representing only about 1200 per-
manent residents. The borough as yet was not known and
had no financial standing in the business world, which
caused us considerable delay.
The financial panic of May, 1893, found us with the
bonds unplaced and the contracts all given out. The pay-
ments were bridged over by the Mayor and Council secur-
ing monies, by their personal endorsements, from their
friends.
Governor Werts and William Walton, of Trenton,
through the Trenton Banking Company, furnished us
$25,000; Messrs T. E. F. Randolph and Company, $10,000;
William H. Montanye, $10,000; T. J. Roberts, $5,000; with
smaller amounts from others. This was secured without
any expense to the borough. Their kindness was greatly
appreciated.
In the meantime, the validity of the bonds was thor-
. oughly examined by Judge Walling of Keyport and Judge
Vredenberg of Freehold, who pronounced our borough
organization, and all the succeeding records of elections,
perfect They gave us a paper that was entirely satisfactory
to financiers in proof of the legaUty of our bonds, after
392 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
DRINKING FOUNTAIN
Presented to the Borough in Trust by the King's Daughters-Dedicated
at Swan's Grove ~ Saturday.
"A gathering of about 250 witnessed the dedication of
the drinking fountain erected by the King's Daughters last
Saturday afternoon.
"Promptly at 3 :45 the assemblage sang the coronation
hymn, "All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name," after which
Reverend J. G. Reed invoked divine blessing. Lizzie Smith
and Myrtle Walling then cut the cords which held the em-
blem of American liberty about the fountain, exposing its
beauties to the public gaze.
"Mrs. E. Hooper, president of the King's Daughters,
then presented the fountain to the Mayor and Council to
be kept in trust. Mayor Thomas H. Leonard responded
and read a poem appropriate to the occasion.
"The water was then turned on by Ella Cynthia Zebley,
after which Reverend William B. Harris made some very
fitting remarks. The privilege of the first drink was then
sold at auction, and was bought by John G. Smith for $1.00.
Jonathan T. Pinckney was the first to pay twenty-five
cents for the second choice and Master Willie Foster gave
ten cents for the third.
"A collection was taken up amounting to $16.00.
"The fountain is of handsome bronze and cost $315.00.
It is so arranged as to provide water for both man and
beast, and the King's Daughters are to be congratulated
upon being the promulgators of so worthy an object which
connot but prove a benefit; only a spirit of human sym-
pathy could have actuated their motive.
"It has already proven a great convenience to many
who have heretofore found it difficult to water their horses
while on the streets. Its location is central, being on First
Avenue, directly opposite Center Avenue.
MAYOR LEONARD'S ADDRESS
"Ladies of the 'Willing Hand Circle, of the King's
Daughters,' of Atlantic Highlands! Representing the Coun-
cil of the Borough of Atlantic Highlands, we have the hon-
or of receiving in trust this practical and ornamental Drink-
ing Fountain from your hands; you have done honor to
yourselves and to the Borough, in the conception and com-
pletion of this, what will prove to the world that the foun-
dation of our commonwealth is strengtheued by this evi-
dence of your broadminded a;d unselfish desire to benefit
others.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 397
• r•, ~.'
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:..~.~· V)
m
q
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.,_ "' ,, .
0
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FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 899
CHAPTER LL"'{.
INSTANCES OF 1894.
~:o~ ~1t~~c~~:::: ::: ::·. ::::::::::: ::: ::: :: ::: ::: :::' i~t:~
1
J. S. Edwardo le Co.. • . . . • . . .. • • • • • • . . . . • • • • . • • • • . • • • • 700.00
Xacknet A Doremu ■ •••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••• 21.1,
Flu11b tank.a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765.00
Sundrie11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.!G
Jn~J:n.•tC.:;::·iBa~~~i~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
En,rlneerill&',
.:•.i~. tltt:~
BaHett........................................
Pb. 4,701.19
0
:~~
SEWERAGE SYSTEK
Street Pipe 8 ln.Y 11.H. L.H. F.T. Caatlnc
Cmtu Al"nue. 8 inch...... 166 a
Railroad A venue. . . . . . . . . . . . 250 15 1.5 1611
Shore Line ................. 1.218 26 2.3 27.5 l,'60
To Mrs. Pope••·........... 113 9 7.0 7.0
7., 1. au
Fifth Avenue............... 161 11 7.1 1 166
Blrhland Annue,.......... 682 21 26.0 1,095
Crand ATnae... . . . . . . . . . . . 176 6.8
Sneath Avenue............ 970
Third Annue.............. ,52
'
18
17
13.5 2
1
166
710
Hoo~ ATenue............. 199 16 U.6 1 7IO
B'th A. Drn. 6 Inch. . • .. .. • '45
"' "' "' ................ Ul 25.5
Ba,- View A•enue. 6 inch.... 160
MInch pipe, ,.976 feet. at .n ......................................... 12,119,68
8 Inch Y, 160 feet. at ,60 •.•• ., ....... ., • • • • • • • . • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 96.00
t11~ r~:s ~r:..~. .~-~t.:~?: ::::::::::::::::::: ::: ::: ::: ::::::::: ::
L. H., 7'.D, at a.......... . . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . ..
m::g
1,s.so
F. Tanka, 7 at 77 ................ ::-; • . . • • • • • • . • • • . . • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • • 519.00
Ca ■ tlnl'•. 6,476 pound,. at .01........................................ 164.25
Stonn. cott.n.c:tlon extra............................................. '7.&0
llanhole buckets. .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . 2Z.08
Total ....................... •. ·•. • • • • • • · • • .. • · .... • .. • .. · • • · •
Total, both • ., ••••••• ., ... ., ......................... ., •••••••• ,$5,001.81
.is.w:i'i
T STATEME.'IT
T~ ::~ :~ -:;!:::~.~::i=•c!:t:;~~.:::::::::: :: ::· 98:.iis'.i,iSlOS.468.88
Exten■iona of •Y•tem• to date. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.003.83
Sl0l,'68.88
CHAPTER LX.
INCREASING THE BOROUGH WATER HJPPLY AND
THE DEDICATION OF THE M. E. AND C. B. CHURCHES.
1894.
Parts in 100,000
No.1 No.2
1. Free ammonia. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0.008 0.008
2. Albuminoid 1UDJ11onia •••••••••••••••••••••• 0.0045 0.0035
8. Oxygen required to oxidize organic matter .••• 0.179 0.125
4. Nitrites ••••••••••••.••••••••••••• · •.. ·•
5. Nitrates ••••••••••••.••••••••••••.•.•••••
6. Chlorine ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••• 0.225 0.225
'1. Total hardness ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6.125
8. Permanent hardness. •••••••••••••••••••••• 2.25
9. Temporary hardness••••••••••••••••.•••••. 3.875
10. Total solids ............................... 6.00 5.00
11. Mineral matter ••••••••••••••••••••.•••••• 4.80 3.90
12. Organic and volatile matter •••••••..•.•.••. 1.20 1.10
13. Other data •.•.•.•.•....•..•.•......... Much iron No iron
No. 1.-Analysis of water in its original condition. Color, reddish
yellow; taste, earthy, of iron; smell, none.
No. 2--Analnis after treatment recommended below. Color, none,
·brilliant; t.:;te, pleasant; smell, none.
In inter]lretiJ!g the results of this analysis, Prof. Leeds further
uid: .
"This well water contains a large amount of iron, which is held in
■olution in the state of bicarbonate of iron. On exposure to the air the
compound of iron is decomposed and oxide of iron is formed, rendering
the water more and more turbid. This process is gradual, and even after
filteration the colorless water again becomes rust colored from the ox•
idation and separation of more iron. But by the addition of 1 1-3 grains
of lime to the gallon, oxidizing by means of air and then filtering, a bril•
liant, p!easant-tasting water is obtained, which remains permanently
clear and contains no iron.
"The original water would not be fit for laundry use, but after
removal of iron could be employed for this and all other domestic
purposes."
The results thus obtained were considered Sll11iciently satisfactorY
to warrant the selection of an artesian source rather than the com•
paratively limited supply to be obtained from ground water in the
manner already ■uggested. Kisner & Bennett were, therefore, direct-
ed to proceed with three other tube wells, one at least of which should
be sunk only to the stratum approximately 120 feet below the surface,
the others to enter the deeper stratum, the top of which is about 423
feet below the surface. The results from these two strata appear to
be almost identical, both v.ith regard to the character of the water
and the height to which it will rise, while it is probable that the sup-
plies to each stratum are entirely separate. It was thus poSS1l>le to
sink two wells wit.bin fifteen feet of each other, one into the upper
and one into the lower stratum, without either d e ~ the other.
This principle will, of course, be adopted in 11t1ch exte11S1ons llll may
be made in the future to the plant aa now coDStracted. Nearly double
the quantity of water now available can thus be secured from wells
to be sunk along the line of the pi_pe now connecting the existing wells.
While it wu thought that pumping water from the wells would
radically improve the character olf the water 11t1pplied by them, it was
believed that some process of artificial purification would be needed to
e111ciently prepare the water for delivery to consumers. Proposals
were, therefore, received from the New York Filter Company for
purification to be effected in the method suggested by Prof. Leeds, by
the use of lime; bnt local objections arising to the use of any chemicals
in the process, the Continental Filter Company of New York proposed
FROM INDIAN TRAil. TO ELECTRIC RAIL 411
SEWERAGE SYSTEM.
Furnishing and laying 36,460 feet vitrified sewer pipe, 8 in. to
18 in. in diameter.
Constructing 115 manholes.
Constructing 30 flush tanks.
Constructing 75 ft. lamp holes.
Furnishing 65,250 lbs. castings.
1,100 ft. outfall 12 in. cast iron pipe in Sandy Hook Bay.
The length of piping in both syste~ UJ>on which bids were re-
ceived was in excess of the mileage originally suggested as poSS1"ble
within the $100,000 authorized expenditure, and provision was made in
the contract that the work might be decreased at the option of the
borough authorities, as it was then thought possible that the eight
miles of water mains and seveu miles of sewers might be completed
within the prescribed limit of cost, and lower prices would be likely to
be received in direct proportion to the aggregate of work to be done.
For the water distn"bution system, seven bids were received; the total
of each bid upon estimated quantities, including the pumping station,
was as follows:
J. B. Foley ••...••••. $30,801.40 Conover & Newton ...• $35,620.20
Inman Bros........••• 30,940.70 'ii:. J. Regan ••.•.•.•• 38,607.50
P.H. Harrison ••.•.••• 33,189.90 T. & B. Brady .....•. 47,269.32
Hillpot & Ayres •.••.• 33,612.75
Upon investigation it was not considered to be the interest of
the borough to award the entire work to any of the three lowest bid-
ders, and accordingly the contract for the water distribution system
was awarded to Hillpot & Ayres, of Bound Brook, N. J., and a separate
contract for the pumping station was made with John Geary, of At-
lantic Highlands. Reference is here made to the map of the borough
showing water distribution system as constructed.
For the construction of the sewerage system twelve bids were
received, aggregating for the estimated quantities as follows:
Warren & Carroll .•.. $23,213.82 Billpot & Ayres .•••.. $37,065.60
Conover & Newton ••.. 30,677.10 P. J. Plunket .•.•.•.. 37,946.85
P. H. Harrison ..•.... 31,546.00 McKiernan & Bergen •• 41,319.58
O'Reilly & Smith •...• 35,729.90 McTaguc & Wells •••.. 42,093.23
Morgan & Mitchell ..• 36,884.20 T. J. Regan ...•.•.••• 48,803.75
Gardner & Barnet. . . . 36,982.85 T. & B. Brody. . . • . • • • 67,831.50
The lowest bidders were glad to withdraw their bid when oppor-
tunity offered, as their figures were far below fair cost for the work,
and the borough accordingly entered into contract with Conover &
Newton for the construction of the work, making a change in the plan
for outlet sewer, increasing its stability by a double row llf piles and
additional bracing, in place of a single row, as originally designed, and
making pro\i.,ion for the possible insertion of an additional line of
piping upon the frame work supported by the piles. For section of
this work see plan. This change in design increased the price of out-
let $2.50 a running foot. Reference is he'!'e made to the map of the
borough showing sewers as built.
On March first, 1893, proposals were received for furnishing and
erecting a combination stand-pipe for the high and low level districts
and pumping machinery, consisting of two 50 H. P. boilers and one
three-quarter million gallon pumping engine, with pipe connections
and appurtenances.
In the design for stand-pipe an entirely novel feature was intro-
duced to meet the special topography of the borough.
414 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
The highest summit lies at the eastern end of the borough. About
2,000 feet west of this is another and lesser one with an elevation of
120 feet above tide water. It would naturally appear, upon a prelim-
inary study of the situation, that these two summits atrorded excellent
locations for high and low service stand-pipes, tanks or reservoirs, and
this arrangement was considered. The lower summit is at the top of
an almost c:ircnlar knoll, and is the location of a small private park,
all rights in which are held by the owners of the dwellings which en-
tirely surround it. Their consent to the location of a stand-pipe in
this park would be given only upon condition that it be an ornamental
one provided with an observatory and staircase, and to this the public
would be refused access. On the other hand, the owners of the land
on the eastern and higher summit olfered as a gift for the purpose of
a stand-pipe and reservoir a lot 100 ft. by 275 ft. upon the very sum-
mit of the hill, practically free from all restriction except that the
structure erected be ornamentaL The high-service area to be supplied
from this point was small, and only a small tank would be required.
However, the natural and topographical conditions already referred to
called for an observatory at this place, and the stipulations of the
donors of the land for a more or less ornamental structure. Should
a single stand-pipe be built upon the highest land, it must of necessity
be at least 45 feet high, the water level never falling below 30 feet, in
order that the high-service district secure adeqwite domestic pressure.
But, for the low-service the water pressure could be radically reduced,
in fact, when the increased population warranted it, a reservoir sunk-
en beneath the surface of the knoll would furnish abundant bead. It
was, however, calculated that the cost for the combination stand-pipe,
which was finally adopted, would be less than for two perfectly plain
stand-pipes in separate locations, while the ultimate economy of the
design would be more material If it is also kept in mind that any-
thing adding to the attractiveness of Atlantic Highlands to summer
visitors should be looked
upon in the light of
capital, the advar,.tages
of a permanent observ•
atory on the highest
land in the borough be-
come apparent.
For these and other
reasons, in place of two
separate stand-pipes,
one combination pipe
upon the higher summit
was decided 1:. -.,n; this
embodies a high-service
tank, a low-service tank.
and an observatory 50
feet above the surface,
reached by spiral stair-
cases on the tanks.
Only one proposal was
received for the coa-
struction of the stand·
pi:t>9, although all the
pnncipal manufacturers
in the East were direct-
ly apprised of the work.
On account of the res•
sonableness of the 11ro-
Standpipe poaal and the h1gb
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 415
standins of the firm from which the IJTOposal Willi received, a contract
was made with Tippett & Wood, of Phillipsburgh, N. J., for the erection
of the stand-pipe upon a foundation to be constructed by the borough
for $7,300. The foundation was constructed by Conover & Newton
by contract for $1,030.91.
A firm natural foundation of compact "8Ild and gravel is found at
the site of the stand-pipe. The artificial foundation consists of con-
crete thoroughly rammed in layers of six inches, tnlrty-six feet in di-
ameter and four feet deep, three feet six inches being below and six
inches above the surface. Conc:?"ete is thoroughly packed around the
inlet, outlet and overflow pipes. That part of the foundation under
the bed plate o! the central column is of Portland cement concrete.
The concrete is composed of one, two and three parts af cement, sand
and broken stone respectively.
By reference to the accompanying ilustrations, the details of the
stand-pipe may be under.otood. Resting upon the concrete foundation,
is the low-service stand-pipe, directly connected with by far the larger
portion of the system of water mains. This tank is thirty feet in di-
ameter and thirty-five feet high, having a capacity of 178,000 gallons.
Restinf upon the same foundation, and imbedded one foot in the con-
crete, is a four-foot square cast iron bed plate carrying a hollow cast
iron pillar extending vertically through the center of the low-service
tank to a height of thirty feet above the foundation. This supports
the high-service tank, fifteen feet in diameter and twenty feet high
(having a capacity of 19,800 gallons below the overflow pipe); the
upper fifteen feet of it is, therefore, elevated abo'l"e the top of the
lower tank. Spanning the space between the top rim of the lower tank
and the side of the upper one is an annular ring of sheet iron, the joints
of its plates with each other and with the sides of both tanks being
water tight under pressure. In the bottom of this upper tank is a fillp
valve opening upward through which water from the lower may enter
the upper tank, but preventing reverse passage. An overflow pipe with
its funnel mouth at present five feet below the top of the upper tank
extends downward through both tanks and discharges into a waste
drain; and a ventilation pipe carried upward from the top plate of the
lower tank to a point slightly above the top of the upper one gives free
communication with the air and permits the emptying or filling of this
tank independently of the other. From the pumps a ten-inch main
leads into the bottom of the lower tank, serving as both inlet and out-let
point slightly above the top of the upper one gives free communica-
tion with the air and permits the emptying or filling of this tank
independently of the other. From the pumps a ten-inch main leads
into the bottom of the lower tank, serving as both inlet and outlet
for the low-• ervice. Parallel to this, for a distance of about ten
feet from the tank, and connected with it a four-inch cross-
over, is a four-inch pipe leading up through the hollow cast iron
pillar into the upper tank and serving as both inlet and outlet for the
high-service. Valve gates are placed in the cross-over, and in both
the four-inch and ten-inch mains between it and the stand-pipe, to con-
trol readily the delivery or discharge.
The operation may be explained as follows: Both tanks being
empty, the valve in the ten-inch main will be opened and those in the
four-inch main and cross-over closed. The pumps being started will
then force the water tbrong'I:. the ten-inch main int9 the lower tank.
When ~ has been filled to a depth of slightly more than thirty feet
the valve in the bottom of the upper tank will open automatically,
admitting water into this tank, which will in turn be filled to the level
of the ove.-ftow, when pumping should stop. If the valve in the four-
416 FROM INDIAN TRAil, TO ELECTRIC RAIL
inch main is opened, the connecting service pipes will be filled and
both high and low service be ready for use.
When the pressure from the pump is lowered the weight of water
in the upper tank will close the flap valve in the bottom as soon as
COIISlllDption begins on the low service, thus shutting of all connection
between the high and low service, as the valve in the cross-over bas
remained closed. The high-service tank, will, of course, require filling
infrequently on account of the small district it supplies. The fre-
quency will vary with the increase of population in this district, which,
from its desirable location, is expected to be com~letely occupied by
the wealthier class of citizens, with small population per acre. The
area of this high-service district is, however, small, and for several
years the upper tank need be filled but once or twice per week. In
case of fire on the high-level district, in addition to the protection fur-
nished by the water stored in the upper tank, water may be directly
pumped into the mains supplying the district by operating the proper
valves (closing. the ten-inch 1111d opening the four-inch in the cross-
over). By closing the valves in either the ten-inch main or four-inch
JU&in, either tank can be cut off fro111 the system and cleaned or re-
paired.
A spiral stairway on the shell of the tank furnishes means of
ascent to the annular platform on top of the lower tank and to the
circnlar top of the upper tank. Entrance to this stairway is controlled
by a locked gate at the top of the first flight.
The lower stand-pipe bas nine plates in circumference; the upper
one five. The first two plates of the lower stand-pipe are 9-16-inch
thick, the next two 7-16-inch thick, the next three 5-16 thick. The
bottom is 3-8-inch thick, and the top plate of the bottom stand-pipe is
5-8 inch thick, supported oi,._ angles and braces as shown on the plans.
All horizontal seams are single riveted, lap joints; all vertical
seams are double riveted, lap joints.
A m:inhole is built in a lower sheet of the bottom stand-pipe.
All wrought U'OD is tough, fibrous, and of uniform quality, that
for plates and angles showing a minimum ultimate tensile strength of
48,000 pounds per square inch.
Supporting the top plate of the lower staud-pipe, which acts as
the floor of the lower ooset'Vatory, are two sets of braces inside the
tank, numbering 34 in alL Railings surround the observatory.
The lo:id upon the concrete transmitted by the foot plate suppc,rt-
ing the upper tank when it is full is about eighty pounds per square
inch. Bolted to and resting upon this foot plate is a hollow cast iron
pillar, one foot interior diameter and one inch thick, rising vertically
to a height of about thirty feet above the foundation. Cast on this
pillar are three rings against which butt .twenty-four angle iron braces,
serving to support the beallll! upon which the top tank rests, the braces
being also bolted to the column.
Five-inch by four-inch steel tees, eight in ntunber, radiate from
the cast iron pillar upon which they rest, and are connected by a circ-
ular wrought iron plate to which they are riveted. Resting upon these
beams and forming the im111ediate support for the upper tank are four-
inch steel I beams spanning the spaces between the T beams and ar-
ranged as chords of three concentric circles. The upper tank has a
bottom of ½I-inch and sides of ¼-inch iron, is twenty feet high and
surrounded by a wrought iron railing. The top of this tank, also 8UP-
ported by five angle-iron radial braces, is ¼-mch iron and serves as
the upper observatory, 800 feet above tide. The circular orifice of
the flap valve riveted to the bottom of the upper tank has a diameter
of ten inches. Where all pipes pierce the bottom of either tank a
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 41'l"
4,950 feet: of 10-inch east iron pipe to an elevation of 290 feet above
foundatiom.
Tihe boilen have a length of 12 feet and diameter of 54 inches.
Steel shell 5-16 in. thick in 2 plates.
Steel heads 7-16 in. thick.
Sixty-four 3- in. tubes.
Aetna shaking grates.
Dome 30 in. diameter, 34 in. high.
Manholes, one on front head below tubes. One on top of steam
dome.
Boiler fittings:
2 "2 in. pop safety valve.
1 ~ in. blow-oft'.
1 "2 in. check valve for feed.
3 in. stop valve for :;team.
The boiler feed l>ump has:
Steam cylinder, 4 'h in. diameter.
Water cylinders, 2~ in. diameter.
Stroke of 4 in.
Piping:
Steam pump, 3 in.
Exhaust, 4 in.
Suction of pump, 10 in.
Discharge of pump, 8 ir..
There was also furnished an Edison recording
gauge, and steam, vacuum and water gauges with a
clock of uniform design set on an ornamental walnut
clover leaf gauge board.
As has been stated, only four tube wells were
constructed. It was believed that the supply obtained
from them would be inadequate for the season's needs,
and it was thoi:ght wisest to defer the construction
of additional wells until the eXJ)el'ience obtained with
the first could be utilized. Practical oper-
ation would suggest the best depth of well,
·-
l_ size of strainer-mesh, etc. After the
'-
wells were
construct-
..____ ed branch
pipes, cou-
troll ed by
--··· ~--
The Pumping Station.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 419
valves. were cQDJlected from each to a 10-in. cast iron main leading to a
small shallow brick suction well close to the station, from which the
pump drew its supply. The well end of this 10-in. pipe turned down to
a pomt near the bottom of. the well and remained sealed by water, thus
affecting a s:vpbonic action on the system of wells to such depth as the
pumps drew the water in the suction well This arrangement was made
rather than a direct connection of the pump suction with the main
pipe from the wells, as it was desired to discover and intercept sand,
should it be delivered by the wells, before it reached the pump
cylinders.
Soon after the pump w:is started, in the latter part of June, and
the draft upon the wells was considerable, it was discovered that one
of the wells was defective and was feeding sand into the system. This
well was disconnected and examined, when it was discovered that \,je
sand strainer had been badly torn and allowed the sand free entrance
to the well, etrectually choking it. This well was permanently aband-
oned. The loss of one of the four wells, reducing the supply supposed
to be available 25 per cent., was unfortunate, particularly since the
consumption of water on the system was much greater than antic-
ipated.
It thus became necessary to draw the water lower in the three well&
remaining for use than the syphon drnft as arranged, and a 4-in. cen-
trifugal pump, fed by steam from the station boiler, was connected to
the main pipe from the wells and water delivered into a temporary
trough above the surface leading into the brick suction well, partial
aeration beii:g elfec~~d in tr:msit, and from there was taken by the
large pump for delhery to the mains.
Considerable difficulty and e:xtra expe~ were occasioned by the
necessity of delivery water to consumers from a plant only partially
completed continuously after July first. Residents had relied upon the
supply, and it was felt that it must be given. Although the mains
were filled on June 28th, the stand-pipe was not ready to receive water
until August, and the filters were not ready to purify the water con-
tinuously until early fall. The result secured from a plant thus handi-
capped could not be so satisfactory as desired, but with the completion
of the various appurtenances entirely efficient and economical results
followed.
Experience with the tube wells led to a decision to construct a
large suction we!! into which the syphon from the artesian wells should
discharge. It was also proposed to so construct the wells aa to secure
such water as was avaiiable below the shallowest clay marl bed at a
depth of about 20 feet. A well 20 feet in diameter and 20 feet deep.
with bottom floored with timber and a thick layer of broken stone and
sides of brick laid in hydraulic cement mortar, was accordingly con-
structed recently by Mr. John Geary under contract for $1,080.00, and
a ventilated roof placed thereon at a cost of about $300. The water
collected in this well is of good quality, and is protected from pollu-
tion by a practically impervious stratum of clay marl 15 or 16 feet
below tidal level, which it is believed extends throuchout the surround-
ing district.
Connections with the sewerage system were made aa early aa June
17tii, and as desired after July 1st. About 140 properties, including all
the larger hotels, availed themselves of the pnvilege during the year
(1893), but it waa not until December that Conover & Newton, con-
tractors, had sufficiently completed their work to make it fit for final
acceptance. The underdrain on First Avenue was allowed to becom&
choked during construction and occasioned the greatest trouble before
it was finally made efficiently operative. The amount of ground watl!l'
'420 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
found in the sewer construction was much greater than the original
information indicated. All of First Avenue and Valley Drive, and
parts of Washington, Bay View, Highland, Lincoln, Asbury, Eighth
and Center Avenues, were underdrained and large quantities of ground
water were encountered. Permanent outlets for these drains are
arranged at the foot of First Avenue through an iron pipe on the bulk-
head and over tbe bluft' north of Bay View Avenue above the Grand
View HoteL The ground water along the line of these drains has in
some cases been permanently lowered as much as six feet. The porous
character of the soil makes the drains especially effective. The total
length of underdrains laid-the length of. wet streets made dry-ap..
proximated 10,000 feet.
The results thus secured are worthy of special mention as being
probably the first successful attempt in the State, on a large scale, to
secure ground drainage beneath public sewers. The success attending
this eff'ort is therefore, especially gratifying.
In the water distribution system a considerable amount of 4-inch
cast iron pipe was laid. This was possible, without the objection
ordinarily raised to 4-inch pipe furnishing inefficient fire service, by
feeding such pipes, whose longest independent length approximates
1,200 feet, on each end by a pipe of greater diameter. Such design
effected material economy in construction cost without jeopardizing
the service rendered. Very few hydrants are located on mains of
diameter as amall as four inches.
The system of charges for service rendered to premises connected
with the water and sewer systems secured a revenue of $1,687.75 for
the first year from tbe sewers and $4,122.34 from tbe water system,
as reported by your superintendent, Mr. S. T. White. In a very short
time, therefore, the investment made by the borougn in these municipal
improvements should become self-supporting and leave a large credit
balance from the increased value of property and a substantial increase
of population and private-unprovement that invariably follow judicious
public betterments.
Summarizing the work done and its cost, we find as follows:
Water Distn"bution syste~ 8.45 miles, Hillpot &: Ayres
(less stock on hand) .•••••..••••....••.•••••..•• $ 29,377.71
Sewerage System, 7.5 miles of sewers; 1.9 miles of drains,
Conover &: Newton •.•••.••.•••.•••..••.•..•.•.•• 36,744.49
Combination Stand-pipe and Foundation. Tippett &: Wood. 7,300.00
Conover &: Newton ••••••••..•.••••••.••••.••.•.. 1,030.91
Pumping S::ation. John Geary .••.••.•.•.•.•.•.•.••••. 5,164.40
Pumping Machinery. Barr Pumping Engine Co...•.•••• 5,212.89
F:.lter Plant and Air Engine. Continental Filter Co••.•••• 4,850.00
Wells:
Artesian, Kisner &: Bennett ...•...•.•.•.....•...• 1,421.35
Suction Well, etc., J. Genr:r ....•.....•.• $1,080.00
Well Cover............................. 300.00 1,380.00
Sundries:
l\fanhole Bu::kets ..•.....•...•....•.••... 243.00
Nason Manufacturing Co.•..•...•••.••••• 166.63
Joseph S. Edward&: Co•.•...........•.•.• 700.00
Macknet &: Doremus •..•.•.........•.••• 27.14
Flush Tanks ....••............••...•..•. 765.00
Assorted ......•.••.........•.....•...• 84.26 1,086.03
Land a:id riparian rights .........••.•••.••.••..•..•.• 2,750.00
Inspection, C. Ph. Bassett •..•....•....•.•......••.... 1,500.00
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 421
tioned in front of the hotel near the large dining room, and
with a persistence seldom equaled kept a stream on that
part of the building until the stifling heat forced them to
reluctantly retreat. In the rear, near the kitchen, Hose
Company No. 1 did good work. They kept a continuous
stream on that portion of the threatened structure and
succeeded in saving a small section containing the boiler
and engine. The members of the Hook and Ladder Com-
pany were also prominent in the crowd, and gave whatever
assistance was in their power.
"Unable to save the hotel the firemen turned their
attention to Mr. Obermeier's cottage and Edward Hooper"s
barn. Through their efforts both were saved. These two
were the only buildings threatened.
"The appalling disaster is due neither to the incompen-
tency of our tire department or the lack of water, but to
the contrary the ability of the companies was made. even
more apparent and the efficiency of our water supply estab-
lished. By six o'clock the hotel had been entirely con-
sumed, and the crowd began to disperse.
"In the absence of Chief J. H. Van Mater, Assistant
Chief J.M. Quackenbush directed the department.
"Mrs. E. H. Hooper showed a commendable spirit by
serving the firemen with hot coffee.
"A valuable watch dog chained in the office, was con-
sumed by the flames.
NOTES ABOUT THE HOTEL.
"The Grand View Hotel had a situation unexcelled
by any on the famous New Jersey coast. It was located
on a beautiful terrace, overlooking the waters of Sandy
Hook Bay. It contained in all 215 rooms, including ser-
vants' apartments. Its erection dates back to the year 1882
when Atlantic Highlands was in its infancy, and has proved
an important factor in the growth and development of our
town. Williamson and Parker were its first owners, who
after conducting it two seasons leased it to William L.
McIntyre. It afterwards passed through the hands of W.
J. Pennoyer and Simon Haberman, until November 15,
1891, when it was purchased by Messrs. Morton and Ober-
meier. Since coming under their control it has met with
the success that enterprise of the owners merited. Every
year it has been filled with the best class of people, which
has enabled Messrs. Horton and Obermeier to expend h"b-
erally in improvements.
428 FROM INDIAN TRAil. TO ELECTRIC RAIL
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FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 433
CHAPTERLXI.
EVE."lTS OF THE YEAR 1895.
BOARD OF GOVER.'WRS
Evan Thomas, Chairman
-Stevenson Constable John H. Duncan
-Cbnrles A. Rich Frank A. Wri"bt
Francis L. Ellingwood Jnhn L. Pari;l;
.F. A. Dunliam W. Atwood French
HOUSE COMMITTEE
Fr:mcis L. Ellingwood. Chairman
Howard Constable Charles P. Newton
Bradley J. Bloodgood H. Harmon Neill
A. C. Morris W. V. Clark
FIELD COMMITTEE
W. Atwood French, Chairman
Harold V. Cleaver Charles E. Nammack
F. R. Warley Tbornss A. Brockhur;;t
.P. Iiall Packer D. N. Carvlllho
REGATTA COMMITTEE
John L. P:irish, Chairman
H. C. Bardge F. W. Hope
P. S. Treacy T. C. Campbell
J. L. Osborne F. C. Poucher
The High School Commencement of this year was held
at the W. C. T. U. Temple, June 12th. The stage was
.artistically decorated, and seated upon the platform, be-
sides the graduates, were John B. Swan, President of the
Board of Education; Trustees Barrett, Franklin, Oliver,
Allen, Magee and Curtis, Reverend Dr. Andrews, Reverend
Edward Loux, Reverend J.B. Haines, Reverend H. W. Hill-
ier, Professor Frank J. Oglee, principal of the school, and
assistants Mrs. Clark, Miss Brown and Miss Lacey. Miss
Castler presided at the piano.
The program was as follows:
Invocation, Reverend E. Loux; Lord's Prayer chanted;
Essays--"Humor in Real Life" (salutatory), Eva Loux;
•'The Farmer Must Feed Them All," Peter McClees; "Live
for the Future, the Past is Gone," Vivian Cottrell; "Wo-
man's Work,'' Lillian Paddock; "True Service," Samuel
Wattrous; "Independence from a Girl's Standpoint," Julia
A. Gaffey; "Architecture an Art." Wilbur A. Conrad; Song,
"The Hunter's Call"; "Home$, the Strength of a Nation,"
Maggie Crate; "The History of a Rose," Mildred Frank-
lin; "The Power of Cultivation," May Truax; Oration, "The
Rank of Our Nation," William Dawson; Class Prophecy,
Minnie Warden; Class Poem and Valedictory, Marie Brush;
Class Song, words by Marie Brush, music by Lillian Pad-
FROM INDIAN TRAil. TO ELECTRIC RAU.. 441
bright future awaits us. Speed the day when our expecta-
tions will be fully realized!"
Messrs. Boom, Wycherley and Howard enlivened the
business portion of the town in the season of '95 with a
"Merry-Go-Round." They located it on Homestead Block,
and dispensed free music to the public, to a point beyond
a sufficiency. To prove to the public that they were not a
nuisance, they incorporated other attractions, such as the
"Balloon Ascension" and bicycle and baby parades.
The ascension occurred on July 21st, and was wit-
nessed by about two thousand people, many of whom had
never attended such an exhibition. It was pronounced a
success. The ascension was followed by a parsichute de-
scent by the aeronaut from a height of about 1,000 feet.
The professor (La Strange) landed in the watt:r, having
provided himself with a life preserver, for just such an
emergency.
The bicycle parade occurred on August 17th of this
year, which drew the public attention in a little different
channel-less exciting, but perhaps just as profitable and
interesting. We will insert the "Press" account.
THE BICYCLE PARADE.
Another unique E...-ent in the History of the Town.
"The bicy.:le parade, August 17th, was carried through
by its managers successfully. The line formed at the Casino
at 3 :30 P. M. included a number of handsomely trimmed
wheels. There were fewer bicycles in line than were ex-
pected. No clubs from other towns participated. It was
a purely local affair and not so well patronized by wheel-
men or bicycle girls as it might have been.
"The line of procession was down Bay View Avenue,
across Third and back Second Avenue, around to First and
Center Avenues; up Center to Avenue D; along Avenue D
to Highland; down Highland to Avenue C; along Avenue C
to Center; thence to First and Highland to Fourth Avenue
across Fourth to Bay View and the Casino.
"The prizes were awarded at the close of the parade
as follows:
"M. E. Foster, for the most original design represent-
ing a boat, prize a fountain pen. The design of Mr. Fos-
ter's bicycle was extremely original and the result of much
labor. It was a unique thing and commanded applause all
along the line of march.
"William A. Sweeney, for the best decorated wheel,
trimmed with white with a white umbrella over it, prize a
china smoking set. Mr. Sweeney, who is on the "Journal,"
444 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LlaI.
"THE ATLANTIC WGHLANDS"
AS IT APPEARED TO WILLIAM J. LEONARD, THE EDITOR OF
THE "MONMOUTH PRESS" IN 1895.
Views and Fact3 About thia Thriving, Beautiful Town.
family who were so well pleased with the locality that they
purchased lots in September to build for themselves next
summer. The handsome $5,000 villa of Mr. Charles T.
Leonard adorns the water front west of Conover's Beacon.
This Beacon, by the way, is one of the range lights to guide
vessels through the Narrows straight to the city.
Near the shore east of Leonard Avenue are twenty-
five new cottages, occupied by Brooklyn and New York
people and others. Many of them are permanent residents.
The Thomas H. Leonard tract lies just a b!ock east of
Leonard Avenue an<! Bellevue Avenue, extending from the
bay to Leonard Avenue station, is a very desirable residence
street. A few cottages are already built upon it toward the
bay. The Conover Roop tract, now owned by Mr. Fred-
erick Roberts, is on the west side of this avenue next to the
bay and the J.E. Ralph tract on the east from Center Ave-
nue northward. Many of those lots are already sold. Mr.
Ralph's Jots have been put on the market recently through
R. S. Snyder's real estate agency and a number of sales
effected. Many negotiations are still pending for prop-
erties here.
At this point Center Avenue maintains a delightful
elevation with a grand outlook over the bay. Near Belle-
vue Avenue it curves round northward off a pretty knoll
on the Thomas H. Leonard tract, marked on the maps as
a hotel reservation of about four acres, and certainly a
prize for some investor who might secure it now at modest
prices for immediate improvement.
THE LAST WATEI: FRONT.
One important fact about Leonard Avenue properties
is that all the shore front eastward is taken up. Chas. T.
Leonard has about two thousand feet at this point which
comprises almost all that is available now for residence use
west of the borough.
AMONG THE NEW RESIDENCES.
At Leonard Avenue should be mentioned two cottages
of Mr. Charles Carhart on the Thomas H. Leonard tract.
Here Lawrence G. O'Brien has his summer home. Here
Judge Bernard F. Martin has recently bought a fine plot.
Here H. D. Tompkins, general passenger agent of the Old
Dominion Steamship Company, resides all the year round.
Messrs. Albert Spear, Henry C. Mandeville and Mr. G.
Trask, prominent Brooklyn business men, have summer
cottages here.
FROM INDIAN TRAil. TO ELECTRIC RAU.. 455
AVAILABLE TRACTS.
Just west of Leonard Avenue is the Thompson farm
of 115 acres with fine views of the bay and surrounding
country. The property belongs to the estate· of the late
Joseph I. Thompson and affords an opportunity for some
man with capital to amass a fortune by opening it for
residence.
Chapel Hill is the site of the lighthouse which ranges
with Conover's Beacon-by-the-Bay for the Narrows. It is
well worth a visit even in a neighborhood of such universal-
ly charming scenery. From this height the ocean, Long
Branch, Rumson Neck and the Shrewsbury river can be
seen southward as well as all the magnificent panorama of
landscape, bay, ocean and island, northward. Over to the
northwest rises gracefully the height known as Garrett's
Hill, while unguessed treasures of scenery are locked up
southward toward the Shrewsbury River, waiting for the
magic wands of culture and capital to open them to the
world.
THE HISTORIC NAMES.
Before Chapel Hill was, before Leonardville and long
before Leonard Avenue and Atlantic Highlands this whole
region was known as High Point. From Middletown vil-
lage to the Hartshorne estates, called Portland Place, this
name was applied.
The first railroad to waken the region from rural
lethargy was the old Raritan & Delaware Bay Railroad
which had its long pier at Port Monmouth and ran boats
to New York City. It was finally succeeded by the New
Jersey Southern which transferred the terminus to Sandy
Hook where it remained until removed to Atlantic High-
lands in 1892.
ATLANTIC HIGHLA.'-"DS-East.
Part Qf the Old Associ:ition Tract.
The Atlantic Highlands Association once owned Ob-
servatory Park and sold the tract to the present proprietors
subject to their restrictions. These well-known covenants
forbid sale of liquor, and many other nuisances, upon the
property. No additional restrictions are added by present
deeds but the objects of the new company are promoted
by exclusion of all not in sympathy with the plan of de-
velopment.
The New York office of the Park proprietors is at 155
Fifth Avenue. Mr. William Baldwin is President and Mr.
Hanford Crawford, Secretary and Treasurer.
456 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
The NAVE.SINK
•
PUBLIC Llf>RARY •II ,1,-·
The post office was early established here and its name was
changed from Riceville to Navesink in 1867. A new school
house was built in the fifties which served the wants of
Navesink until two years ago, when a fine new school build-
ing was erected, the finest one in the township.
THE OLD TIME SCHOOL TEACHERS.
Were peculiar in their habits or would be so consid-
ered today. They were generally intemperate and in-
dulged in periodical sprees. At such times the schools were
often adjourned early in the day so the teachers could sober
up. It is said that at Navesink a spasm of reform occasion-
ally inspired the pedagogues to give up the bottle and take
to the rod and book with wonderful vigor. These epochs
were known in the community as "break the bottle days•r
and were usually occasioned by fear of discharge.
The pessimist ought to take note of these little his-
torical incidents and renew his faith in human progress.
The then and now of Navesink may but typify the then and
now of creation generally.
WONDERFUL FIRE RECORD.
Navesink has a marvellous fire record. The only fire
in a half century preceding 1894 occurred about 1850
when the school house was burned by incendiaries. There
is a strong fire department in the village of which T. M.
Maxson is chief. A convenient truck house accommodates.
the fire equipment.
AT LOCUST POINT.
A number of prominent New York people are already-
located. Reverend Haslett McKim has a fine summer resi-
dence there on the river. Mrs. Sylvanus G. Reed, the well-
known educator of New York City, has a large property
here and a country seat, where she resides in summer. Mr.
\V. B. Parsons has a villa on the river bank at Locust Point.
Lawyer L. G. Reed's cottage is located on the slopes over-
looking the river and ocean. Among others appreciating
this locality for residence are Henry Wright, Joseph Luf-
burrow, Charles Lufburrow, Mrs. M. E. Gibson, Thomas
Barton, Peter Young, H. Amy, LaMarche Brothers, George
Wildes, William Burdge, Nehemiah Brower, George Brow-
er, C. A. Mount and C. Mell Johnson.
Locust Point is practically a peninsula lying Between:
Claypit Creek and Shrewsbury River. The claims of the
locality for summer residence are well recognized. The
fishing, crabbing, bathing and boating are un.excelled. A
464 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LXIII.
1896.
THE ATLA...-...TIC IDGHLANDS PUBLIC SCHOOL.
DEDICATION EXERCISES.
NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF
Robert P. Miller, Sergeant Major; promoted Second
Lieutenant Company E.
Burk C. Stout, First Sergeant Company E; Sergeant
Major, vice Miller, promoted.
Jacob R. Schenck, Quartermaster Sergeant; promoted
Second Lieutenant Company I.
Charles S. Erickson, private Company E; Quarte?L-
master Sergeant, vice Schenck, promoted.
Peter J. Aumack, Commissary Sergeant, vice Aumack.
Michael M. Cook, Hospital Steward.
COMPANY D
(THE MIDDLETOWN COMPANY)
Joseph T. Field, Captain; promoted Major, February
23, 1863.
Charles Lufburrow, First Lieutenant; Captain, vice
Field, promoted.
Larue N. White, Second Lieutenant; First Lieutenant,
vice Lufburrow, promoted.
Joseph J. Taylor, First Sergeant; Second Lieutenant,
vice White, promoted.
Harvey Jenkins, Sergeant; First Sergeant, March 1,
1863.
John L. Applegate, Corporal; Sergeant, March 1, 1863.
Albert W. Wells, Sergeant.
Thomas J. Herbert, Sergeant.
Samuel T. Frost, Corporal; Sergeant, March 1, 1863.
Corporals-Isaac Story, Spencer S. Morris, Joseph S.
Swan, John Grant. Charles M. Patterson, James Seeley, Jr.,
Gordon D. Thompson, Robert H. Lewis.
Edward W. Lobdell, Musician.
William Campbell, Wagoner.
PRIVATES
Antonides, Sidney Covert, John L. Jagoe, Samuel
Atwater, Elias Crowter, David Johnson, Edward T.
Bennett, John H. Curley, Michael Johnson, John G.
Brown, Matthew Davis, Tbomas L. Johnson, Robert
Card, Thomas Foster, Henry H. King, John H.
Carhart, Richard . Griggs, Edgar Kipp, John G.
Carhart, Thomas Grover, Joseph Kress, John
Carman, James H. Hallem, Marvin H. Layton, Edward P.
Chatten, Joseph A. Hillhouse, John T. Layton, Jacob
Clayton, Cyrenius Hoff, James Lee, Asher M.
Compton, Thomas Hough, John Lewis, George W.
Cottrell, William C. Irwin, Harrison Little, George L.
Covert, Henry L Irwin, Henry B. Little, Robert W. C.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 479
CHAPTER LXIV.
OLD TIMES I!<. OLD MIDDLETOWN.
1897.
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.
THE NEW OFFICERS AND THEIR INSTALLATION.
The Atlantic Highlands Lodge, Knights of Pythias,
elected new officers for the ensuing term as follows:
Chancellor commander-F r a n k Master of. P.Xchequer-A. V. S.
Muir. Crate.
Vice-commander-Calvin Miller. Mnster of finance-E. H. Cook.
Prelate-$. T. Champion. Inside guard-Edward Quacken-
Master at work-W. T. Franklin. bush.
Master-at-arms-I.. H. Foster. Outside guard-A. C. Hart.
Keeper of records and seals-C. Trustce--James A. Sage
A. Fort.
Representative to grand lodge-Percy Falkinburg;
alternate, W. F. Mount.
On Monday night of this week the officers were in-
stalled by Dr. W. S. Whitmore, the Deputy Grand Chancel-
lor, of Oceanic.
An election for three school trustees of the borough
of A~fantic Hi6 hl::!nds to succeed W. T. Franklin, J. B.
Swan .!nd Mrs. M. E. Allen, was held at the school build-
ing on Tuesday evening, commencing at 8 o'clock. M. E.
Curtis was chosen chairman, W.F.l\fount. clerk, and George
Brannin and Edward Powell, tellers. W. T. Franklin and
Mrs. Allen were candidates for re-election and Charles Van
Mater was on their ticket in place of J.B. Swan, who had
refused to be a candidate. John Ellis and W. P. Irwin were
also candidates. The total number of votes polled was 114.
At the annual meeting of the Hook and Ladder Com-
pany last Thursday night the following officers were elect-
ed: president, E. H. Cook; secretary, Charles A. Fort;
treasurer, W. T. Franklin; foreman, George E. Jenkinson;
1st assistant foreman, John B. Valleau.
ANCHOR LODGE OFFICERS.
The following officers were installed in Anchor Lodge
of Odd Fellows of Atlantic Highlands by District Deputy
Joseph S. Clark on Wednesday evening:
Noble Grand--J'ohn Oliver. Chaplain-William M. Foster.
Vice-Grand-John Hageman. Supporters to N. G.-W. V. Stryk•
Recording Secretary-F. D. Loux. er, Wm. Wagner.
Permal!ent Secretary-Walter E. Supporter to V. G.-William Card.
Curtis. Scene Supporten-Jacob Swan,
Treasurer-:&cfward P. Magri. Thomas Walling.
Warden-Hugh Warden. Inside Guardian--John Parent.
Conductor-James H. Bills. Outside Guardian-Abram SiegeL
AMERICAN MECHANICS' OFFICERS.
The following are the new officers of the council of
American Mechanics of Atlantic Highlands, recently elect-
ed:
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 487
of the century and its latter years also. His father, John
Maxson, was a revolutionary soldier. When a prisoner of
war at Freehold his sister exchanged clothes with him in
.his prison enabling him to escape and save his life. John
Maxson died in 1830. His son, William A. Maxson, married
in 1836 Margaret Mount, daughter of Timothy Mount, who
:survives him. Of five children three are living; Mrs. A.
-COnnor, Timothy M. Maxson and Edwin E. Maxson.
Funeral services were held at his late home on Tues-
day, Reverend J. C. Lord officiating. The interment was
in All Saints Cemetery. The pall-bearers were Messrs.
George H. Sickles, J. H. Patterson, William Bennett and
William Burdge.
Mr. Vincent La Marche of New York gave out the con-
tract for a large dwelling on the river side, to cost about
$12,000. Frank J. Davis recoived the contract, with our
old veteran mason, Nimrod Woodward, to do the mason
work.
Reverend George W. Winrick, of Ringoes, N. J., was
called to the pastorate of the Presbyterian Church of this
town, to assume the position about December 1st.
The Reverend W. H. Shermer, pastor of the Central
Baptist Church, died suddenly in November 19th at Pro,.;-
dence, R. I. He had been under the care of a specialist for
eome time there. He was brought home to his own church,
where a very long and interesting service was held, the
Elizabeth First Baptist Church uniting with his own in the
service.
An interesting banquet was held, which was recorded
as follows:
K. OF P. ENTERTAIN.
EIGHTH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATED WITH A BANQUET.
S_peech Making-Vocal and Instrumental Music-A Novel Plan to
Entertain Guests.
The eighth annual banquet given by the Atlantic
Highlands Lodge of K. of P. in celebration of the anniver-
sary of the organization of that lodge, was held on Monday
night. Covers were laid for 150 guests but owing to the
stormy weather only about 100 appeared.
A novel plan, originated by William M. Foster, was
adopted. The hall on the first floor of Castle Hall was
measured, and it was found eight tables, each table seat-
ing ei,rhteen persons, could be accommodated. Eight
brother Knights then volunterred to each take a table, with
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 503
CHAPTER LXV.
1898.
A CALL LOOKING TO THE ORGANIZATION OF THE MONMOUTH
COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
been inspired to dig over the remains of the past and pick
out a treasure or two. But the honor was reserved for Mrs.
Sylvanus Reed, known to fame as a successful educator of
young ladies of the highest social circles of the nation and
for thirty years past a summer resident or her fine property
at Navesink, N. J., overlooking the beautiful Shrewsbury
River, to bring together a number of people impressed with
the need of united and serious effort to preserve records and
mementoes of the glorious past, present and future of this
historic section. Mrs. Reed conceived the idea some time
ago, but only determined a few weeks ago to attempt the
achievement of organizing an historical society. She ad-
dressed many prominent ladies and gentlemen interested
in Monmouth by summer residence as well as members of
the old county families. The plan received approval on
every hand and co-operation was cheerfully promised. As
a result, an invitation was printed and signed by about
twenty-two friends of the movement requesting the recip-
ients to gather af Redemont on Wednesday afternoon.
At the appointed hour about thirty people had as-
sembled from Navesink, Seabright, Red Bank, Atlantic
Highlands and elsewhere. By request of the meeting, Mrs.
Reed presided and made a few interesting remarks relative
to the end in view. Her address was as follows:
"My friends, you might possibly think me presump-
tuous in heading a movement for the purpose of organizing
a Historical Society in Monmouth Count, but when you con-
sider that I have, for the past thirty years, been residing
among you and have long been familiar with organizations
of this kind you will, I hope, excuse my presumption. Since
I came to New Jersey, I have been interested in the history
of this state and in the preservation of its relics more than
in any thing of this character heretofore.
"When Mr. Ezra Osborn of Middletown was alive, I
learned as much as he could tell me of history and tradi-
tions of the surrounding community. Mr. Osborn was a
surveyor, versed in local records and genealogies. Mr.
Cooper, a surveyor of Red Bank, has also given me much
information along the same lines. Having also looked into
the face of Ramesis, seen the tomb of Ah,xander, and
learned how people of other countries and of other times
recorded their heroes' deeds on scrolls, tablets and monu-
ments--often the heroes took care themselves to sing loud-
Ir their own praises--it seems to me high time the people
of Monmouth county began to collect and preserve for pos-
terity history of deeds of valor preformed at home. For
this end are we gathered here today. No county is richer
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 509
CHAPTER LXVI.
ELECTION OF MR. PETER S. CONOVER, MAYOR OF THE BOR-
OUGH-ORGANIZATION OF THE MONMOUTH COUNTY
msTORICAL SOCIETY.
("The Press"--J:inu:ry 2S.)
1899.
OBITUARIES.
Peter F. Schenck.
"On Friday, January 20th, occurred the death of Peter
F. Schenck of Highlands of Navesink in New York City,
where he has been ill for some time past. His age lacked
less than two months of 74 years. He leaves a widow to
mourn his loss. The only surviving descendants of the fam-
ily are Mr. Schenck's nieces, Mrs. Joseph Yetman of Nave-
sink, and her two children.
"His remains were brought to the East View House,
Highlands of Navesink, on Saturday and funeral services
were held there, Rev. J. W. Nickelson officiating, on Sun-
day afternoon. A large company gathered to pay the last
tribute of respect to the deceased.
"Interment was made in the family burial plot in the
churchyard of the Baptist Church at Middletown. The
bearers were Messrs. A. H. Bernadou, William Luke,
George Lewis, James Stryker, Timothy Maxson and Capt.
William Boeckel."
We congratulate our fellow townsman, Somers T.
Champion, upon his election to the high office of Grand
Chancellor of the Knights of Pythias of New Jersey. From
point of service and fealty to the order, no one could be
more worthy of the honor than is he or more richly deserv-
ing of it. That his administration will be fraught with :i: ,ch
good to this Grand Domain we have no doubt.
The following officers were elected for the ensuing
year by Highland Encampment, No. 26:
Chief Patriarch-Wm. Wagner. Recording Secretary-David
Treasurer--Wilson Stryker. Westervelt.
Financial Secretary-Walter S:-. Warden-Wm. Roop.
Curtis.
Last Wednesday ni5 'tt Anchor Lodge, No. 218, elect-
ed the following officers for the ensuing year:
Noble Grand-Wm. Wagner. Financial Secretary-Walter
Vice-Grand--Jos. G. Desprealllt. Curtis.
Recording Secretary--John Oliver. Tre:isurer-E. P. Magee.
FROM INIDAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 521
OBITUARY.
Mrs. M::ry A. L~onard.
"''·
FROM nmIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 527
H.B.Hart A. C. Watrous
N. a Roberts George a Stout
J. S. Cruser Capt. T. H. Patterson
'Franklin Patterson Chas. Peck
A. G. Hall
TABLE NO. 2.
Ex-Mayor T. a Leonard.
Rev. Robt. Emery W. Morrell
E. L. Fox L T. Meyer
Jerome Welch W. M. Roberts
F. E. Price Thos. Dumont
John Ellis Dr. Chas. Reed
Dr. Griffin J. B. Stout
Randolph Martin W. D. Stout
Rev. J. W. Nickelson Hugh Warden
Rev. W. B. Harris Robert Couch
Joseph Tumen Geor.:;e Schmidt
H. V. Tompkins F. Hagenbuch
George Brannin S. B. Thorpe
a 0. Todd
TABLE NO. 3.
W. H. Posten, Jr., Pres. Board of Trade.
T. T. Rogers Dr. G.D. Fay
F. A. )lorebouse J. P. Hopping,
S. T. C:mmpion H.J. Ely
J. G. lirookes C. H. Lovett
W. S. Ravatt J obn Southall
S. F. Patterson T. J. Emery
Thos. Jennings Chas. Morlatt
Fred. Linden Capt. O. H. Day
G. H. Sickles Prof. W. T. Whitney.
A. M. Posten W. T. Franklin
B. F. Price W. P. Irwin
Ira Antonides Edward Oakes
W. H. Posten, Sr. J chn E. Fosteii,
TABLE NO. 4.
Rev. Dr. E. E. Curtis.
Rev. Dr. Baldwin William Moones-
William Baldwin A. C. Hart
John G. Garretson G. H. Davis
S. T. White Dr. W. D. Knecht
S. H. Powell C. A. Fort
H. B. Zebley R. S. Matthews
C. R. Snyder F. A. White
Murray Foster W. A. Sweeney
Lewis a Foster G. E. Jenkinson
W. N. Snedeker E. Lufburrow
0. a Snedeker E. B. Swan
F. B. Rue Amzi Quackenbush
J. S. Flitcroft A. C. Hurley
M. E. Curtis
TABLE NO. 5.
J. J. Leonard W. N. Burdge
L. S. Sculthorp Rev. Edward Loux
Geo. A. llfount Geo. F. Lawrie
H. D. Smith
-"536 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LXVII.
1900 TO 1908;
1"03.
We record the burning of the Octagon where the camp
meetings were held in stormy weather. It then stood at
:i point near the foot of "Point Lookout Hill," on Bay View
Avenue, later moved to Bath Avenue and Bay View Ave-
nue.
ATLA?-."TIC HIGHLA..',DS FIRE.
The Octagon Burned on Sunday Morning.
Sea View House and Bryant and Champion Cottages Damaged-All of
the Property Was Fully Insured.
("The Jonrnal"-Au:;ust 10, 1902.)
"One of the most disastrous fires that has ever tisited
Atlantic Highlands occurred early Sunday morning. The
Octagon, formerly the old Tabernacle, was entirely des-
troyed and the Sea View House and Bryant cottage were
damaged. The Champion cottage was all destroyed above
tr.e first floor.
"Shortly after midnight Saturday the Octagon, owned
by M. E. Curtis, and situated on Bay View Avenue, was dis-
covered to be on fire. An alarm was immediately turned
in, and the firemen responded quickly, but by the time they
arrived on the scene the building was in ruins. The Octa-
gon was a wooden structure and consisted of an ice cream
saloon and hall, which was used during the summer season
for cake walks, fairs and minstrel shows. J. J. Kennedy of
New York has operated it for two seasons. He vacated on
October 1st and it has r.ot been occupied since."
END OF AN OLD BUSI~"ESS.
1903.
Edward W. Leonard's Store to Be Closed.
The Business Has Been in the Leonard Family Since 181:?-Three
Generations of Leonards Have Kept Store There.
"With the retirement from business of Edward W.
Leonard of Leonard..,ille, which will take place with the
sale of his farm stock and store goods on Wednesday and
Thursday of next week, the store business at that place will
pass from the Leonard family for the first time in almost
a century. The business has been in possession of the Leon-
ard family for three generations, it having been started by
Captain William Leonard, grandfather of the present pro-
r,rietor.
544 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LXVm.
1908.
Mayor John H. Van Mater's :Message, and Trolley Franchises.
!li"EW BOROUGH COID.CIL
Went Into Effect on New Year's Day-Committees and Officers.
Excellent Message by Mayor J. H. Van Mater-Recommends Amuse-
'7!ents--Many Other Problems.
· sure that this department will receive the same good atten-
tion the coming year. The Fire and the Board of Health
Departments are import.ant ones of the borough govern-
ment, and I strongly urge that they be given our hearty
support and encouragement.
ECONOMY.
"I believe in the judicious expenditure of all public
money. I do not, however, believe that the word economy
should be so firmly implanted in our minds that it results
in meanness. I believe in spending money where it should
be spent and getting the best results possible for the money
used. There are many things that come up in our borough
that need to be looked into with a broad mind, always con-
sidering the welfare of our people to guide us and not to a
false standard of economy.
HACK LICENSES.
"The matter of regulating hack fares and drivers has
caused us considerable trouble during the past summer. An
ordinance should be passed making reasonable hack fares
and imposing a penalty for the violation of the ordinance.
This is a matter that requires our immediate attention.
APPOINTMENTS AND CO~ll\HTTES OF COUNCIL.
"In making my appointments I have appointed such
persons as I feel assured will conduct their various offices
to the best interest of Atlantic Highlands. Most of them
are re-appointments, and as they have made good in the
past I feel safe for the future.
"In fixing my committees I had in mind the men best
fitted to handle the various questions, men who in their
private walk have had to do with matters that in the Coun-
cil will give them understanding and experience.
"And so, gentlemen of the Council, I leave these few
thoughts with you, asking you to look well into all matters
that properly come under your various committees and to
all matters that are for the betterment of our borough,
whether t~ey properly come under your committee or not.
"I hope you will feel that you have the hearty support
of the 'Mayor in the various departments and I assure you
that the Mayor will feel that he has the support of all the
members of the Council, and that we are united in one great
effort and that is for the upbuilding of Atlantic Highlands.
"JOHN H. VAN MATER, Mayor."
FROl\I INT)I..\.N TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 555
odist Church there. He was the first pastor and built the
church at Seaside. Mr. Emery continued as pastor there
until the M. E. conference appointed a regular clergyman.
In the discharge of this duty, great self-sacrifice on his part
was required. Often he was obliged in very stormy weath-
er to walk back and forth to Highlands in order to fill his
appointments.
"Mr. Emery was actively engaged in contracting and
l,uilding for many years. He assisted in the construction of
the auditorium and tabernacle on Bay View Avenue, later
called the Octagon, which was destroyed by fire a few years
ago. This building was built for the use of the Camp Meet-
ing Association. He also constructed some of the finest
:::-esidences in Atlantic Highlands. After the Atlantic High-
lands Association had dissolved, Mr. Emery built a boat
house on the shore near Many Mind Creek and for many
years he was actively engaged in the construction of all
kinds of boats. He was always known as an honest and
1·eliable contractor and builder."
WILLIAM A. GEHLHAUS IN A NEW COMP.A..~.
$1,000,000 Paid-Up Capital in Brick and Other Clay Products
Company.
"Messrs. William Sandlass of Highland Beach, John
T. Hettrick of New York and William A. Gehlhaus of At-
lantic Highlands, have organized a stock company to man-
ufacture brick and other clay products and cement.
"The company is incorporated with an authorizecl
capital stock of $125,000 with a paid-up capital of $1,000,-
000. The incorporators also include 0. F. Gehlhaus, a
brother of W. A. Gehlhaus, and they completed the details
of organizing and began operation last week. This com-
pany has already taken a lease upon the Gehlhaus brick yard
at Cliffwood, which had an annual capacity of not less than
ten million brick under its old output. The new company
v,ill install modern methods and increase the capacity
n:aterially.
"O. F. Gehlhaus is president, John T. Hettrick, treas-
urer, William Sandlass, vice-president and W. A. Gehlhaus,
i;ecretary. These men are the board of directors of the
r.ew company, and they are in a position to command a
lnrge sale at the output. An order for three million brick
has already been received since the company was incorpor-
ated. Counselor C. R. Snyder of Atlantic Highlands- had
charge of the legal work for the company and incorpora-
tion."
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FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 559
CHAPTER LXIX.
LECTURE DELIVERED BEFORE THE Y. M. C. A.
APRIL 22, 1908.
By Mr. William III. Foster.
tied to the fences along the road way which is now First
Avenue. That was the beginning of the history of this
town.
"In the fall of that year, 1880, the Sunday school of
the Seabright M. E. Church came here through Mr. Robert
Emery, the pastor was James E. Lake; they spent the day
in the Grove on the same property where Mrs. Alexander
now lives. At that time there was quite a large gro,·e, now
washed away, with tables and seats to accommodate 150.
They were so pleased with the place at that time that the
Camp Meeting As.;ociation was concei'l.-ed, they went back
as the patriarchs of old and gave a good report of the
promised land.
"I did not expect to stay here in the winter but was to
return to New York and my family was to go up home to
Port Monmouth. John J. Leonard built his house where
the Dolby block now stands. That fall the Garfield and
Hancock campaign was then on, and my house then became
headquarters for all meetings, political, religious and so-
cial, and fate ordered that I should remain here. That year,
!880, we had 22 excursions from New York and Brooklyn,
all coming here by boat and everyone coming here was well
satisfied and many of them returned several times since.
We had a large Fourth of July celebration that year, with
a full band of music and dancing. It came on to rain, and
it. rained like a deluge and the place filled with people.
They had the choice to sit out under the porches or in the
house with their umbrellas. Our post office was a branch
of Leonard\·ille, our nearest railroad station was Middle-
town, the school at Leonardo in the building now called
Solomon's Temple. First A,·enue was a road 50 feet wide,
the road to Leonard\ille was Washington Avenue. At that
time we were proud of our city.
"The winter of 1880 and the spring of 1881 was a
very severe one, but we came out all right. Among the
many visitor.s as you will see by the hotel register were Mr.
and M:rs. Murray, F. M. Gillett and wife, l\lr. and Mrs. 0.
Lohsen, Dr. J. P. Jones, the specialist, and family, Gen.
Hancock, Gen. Veeley, Governor Werts, Mr. T. H. Patter-
son and our worthy ex-Councilman Franklin Patterson, who
then had aspirations to be Mayor of the town and has not
gotten over it since. I must not forget here Professor Bent-
ley and mother, ~s he has played a very great share to its
history and the success of the plare. The most of these
whom I mention are now the pioneers.
"The farmers supported the steamboat, and through
FROM INDIAN TRAL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 567
Co., two doctors, Van Mater and Fay, two stores, Roberts
2.nd Burdge, also a Sunday school with S. T. Champion,
Superintendent. Stout and Conover built their stable on
Center Avenue as a sale and livery stable. P. H. Packer
had a plumbing store and Leonard Bros. had a hardware
store. Robert Emery moved here that year, and built the
Emery cottage. A meeting was held in John. C. Nobles'
office in reference to laying out a system of lakes, so you
see we had lake on the brain then as well as now, and the
lake question is not a new one by twenty years.
"On March 30th, the new M. E. Church was organized
as I said before, and held their meetings in Foster's Hotel.
The corner stone of the new M. E. Church was laid Decem-
ber 23rd, 1882. The first fire company called the Everett
Hook and Ladder Company was organized September,
1882. Wm. M. Foster was itg first president, and Dr. J. H.
Van Mater its foreman. I wili now pass to 1883.
"In the spring the new tire apparatus arrived, brought
here by the steamer Kilvonkul and housed in the building
in the rear of J. M. Quackenbush's store on Center Ave-
nue. The Jesse Hoyt was running then at Sandy Hook.
The f,rst fire occurred on February 9th, when all the build-
ings of Foster's were burnt. At that time we had a Young
Men's Literary Society, a Musical Society and a General
Society. Of the Young Men's Literary Society, John E.
Foster was President and Wm. J. Leonard the Secretary,
that was the time when the lamb and the lion lie down to-
gether. S. T. Bloodgood built his ·livery stable where it
now stands and Harry White's billiard room where Bailey
is now. Mrs. Pope's cottage was built, also the Grand View
Hotel finished at that time. The M. E. Church was dedicated
on December 24th. On April 5th, Rogers and Franklin
dissolved partnership on account of lvlr. Rogers' health
and Mr. Rogers opened his real estate business. The new
truck house on Center Avenue was formally opened and
dedicated with a large reception, at the same time the town
was organized in fire districts. On April 19th, the new rail-
road was organized in J. S. Applegate's office in Red Bank.
The cosf was to be $40,000 when completed in July. July
5th, the new railroad was opened and what a day. It was
estimated 5,000 people were on the ground. Keyport did
not then and has not since favored a railroad enterprise
here. On July 24th, the celebrated tornado came and
kno'cked the town to pieces, every house in town was more
or less damaged, and 11 were unroofed and 3 knocked to
pieces. Among the many new enterprises, the new school
was built, which was burnt some time ago. The Baptist
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 571
spirited, and have done perhaps all that they could and
perhaps will be rewarded by going up higher, also the
present Mayor, who I am sure has the welfare of the town
at heart.
"I also mention those who have been at the head of
the government as Mayors, T. H. Leonard, John E. Foster,
Jacob T. Stout, Peter S. Conover, Wm. M. Roberts and Dr.
J. H. Van Mater.
"I have here to show you, two photographs of places,
that were perhaps as well known at the time as any place
in New Jersey, also my hotel register, the firemen's roll of
the Everett Hook and Ladder Company, the bill of the
Steamboat Company, our first circulars, etc.
''You see I have only taken up the first eleven years
of the town's history; the balance the most of you know.
"Hoping I have not bored you, and hoping for a just
criticism on my paper. I thank you for your attention.
WM. M. FOSTER."
576 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER LXX.
1908 .o\11;"1> 1909.
THE ENTRY OF THE FIRST ELECTRIC CAR.
"The Journal" of August 13, 1908, recorded the entry
of the first electric car, resulting from the contract of the
Central Railroad of New Jersey with the Jersey Central
Traction Company, whereby the latter obtained the use
of the Stone Church branch of their system. This was. in
part, the long-wished for and the final entry of the electric
railroad..-in our community.
About thirteen years previous to this Dr. Russel G.
Andrews secured the right-of-way from the Navesink
Bridge through Locust Point and Navesink to Atl~tic
Highlands. The trolley people's plan was to come down
First Avenue to Bay Avenue, cross over to the foot of Ave-
nue A, and there build a wharf (where the present Manda-
ly Wharf now is located). The effort was a failure from
the fact that they could not get the right-of-way over the
Navesink Bridge Draw. The use of the electric road was
deferred for the above stated time.
All efforts failed and precious time was expended,
wlule the Trolley Company had the means to carry out
their plans successfully. But such is life. The knowledge
and experience of municipalities and their governing
bodies, at the present time, would cause them to grant
i;rivileges, for the public welfare, which in those early days
to them, seemed unwise.
An effort was finally made to get from Amboy to the
ocean, and we soon became aware of the fact that the
Trolley Company had the right-of-way and tracks of the
Stone Church branch of the Central Railroad of New Jer-
sey, from Leonardville to the Stone Church, thereby avoid-
ing any conditions from the borough. This was a great
surprise to the town, which had grown to feel, that about
any conditions they might ask for the use of our roadways,
would ha,·e to be accepted.
The right-of-way was located on the southerly line of
borough and about one-half mile from the business center
of the town. "What shall we do?" was the question asked.
The Trolley Company felt sure of the travel anyway, and
why should they build a loop in town at great expense?
'Ihey doubtless thought it would be good for our health
FRO)I INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 577
THE END.
THE MONMOUTH SHORE.
The Gateway of the Future.
From Cornfields to Cottages.
From Cottages to Communities.
Communities and Capitalists.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 579
AN APPENDIX.
So much has occurred since our time limit of three
hundred years has expired on "The Monmouth Shore,"
that we will tax, as little as possible, the patience of our
good readers, to give us time and space for a recital of the
actors and their acts since the three boroughs have sprung
up, principall3•, since our time limit, in our territory, name-
ly-the Borough of Highlands, the Borough of Keansburg,
and our own Borough of Atlantic Highlands. We will take
them in the order named, including the adjoining terri-
tories, thus to chronicle the events of the "Original Port-
land Poynt," as well as our space will permit.
We are proud of the honor of thus coupling the "Trio
Sisters" of these historic shores, all looking to the great
metropolis as the central figure, so near; also, in full view
of the World's Moral Motto, the "Statue of Liberty."
"Blest be the ties that bind" us in one common inter-
est-the Central Railroad of New Jersey, the Jersey Cen-
tral Traction Company, including the many local steamers
crossing the bays-each in their own way and method giv-
ing us our local intercourse and world-wide exchPnge, that
goes far in the making up of our beautiful suburban com-
monwealth.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAil.. 581
APPENDIX.
CHAPTER I.
BOROUGH OF mGHLANDS, HIGHLANDS OF NA VESINK,
SANDY HOOK AND NAVESI!li"K-1909-1922.
Near the point where the rippling waters of the fa-
mous Shrewsbury River joins with the currents of Princess
Bay, there had grown a village unofficially known as Sea-
side, to distinguish it as apart from the Highlands of Nave-
sink, as the railroad station was named.
The people of the so-called Seaside became restless
at being under township rule, with its inequalities, and de-
cided to break away from the Township of Middletown
and adopt more of the home rule of Borough Go,·ernment.
They, therefore, appealed to the Honorable Charles R.
Snyder, of Atlantic Highlands, then a member of the Gen-
eral Assembly of the State of New Jersey, and through his
efforts and with the help of C. Asa Francis, of the New Jer-
sey Senate, the act creatin:; the Borough of Highlands was
approved on March 22nd, 1900.
The first Mayor to be elected under that act was David
R. Miller and the following members of the Council: John
N. Riker, Mahlon ButdRe. Lewis F. Parker, John T. John-
son, Richard Mount and Thomas Hennessey. With the ex-
ception of Richard Mount and Thomas Hennessey, who co-
incidentally were both employed on the draw-bridge by
the C. R. R. of N. J., all the members of the first Council
are deceased. .
Charles T. l\Iaison was elected Collector and Abram
J. Parker, Assessor and the latter still holds office, none
other ha,·ing been elected over Mr. Parker since the in-
corporation.
Jesse L. Sculthorp was appointed the first Clerk and
Thomas Derby became Chief of Police.
The total population of the new borough was 1,228
and the boundaries were as follows:
Beginning at a point in the west channel of the Shrews-
bury River, opposite the northwesterly corner of the
~ndrews and Thompson tract, so called; thence, running
m a straight line in a southwesterly direction to and along
the westerly line of the said Andrews and Thompson tract
across Navesink Avenue to the westerly side of North Peak
Avenue and lot No. 102 of the map of the Schencks estate
to a stone planted for a monument in the line of lands of
582 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
ing taken a bath in the river near where the whales were
exhibited.
"Members of the New Jersey Legislature and a big
lot of newspaper men on June 12, 1858, accepted an in-
vitation from Mr. Thomson to dine at the Atlantic Pavilion.
Tliis was a big day. The legislators came by way of New
York on the steamboat Long Branch, captained by J. P.
Corlies. With them was Sheldon's band. Every one had a
good time.
"There have been a number of steamboats plyinir in
foe Shrewsbury River between Red Bank, Highlands and
New York since I was a child. Among them were the Orus,
Constitution, Thomas G. Hunt, The Confidence, The Wil-
son G. Hunt, Golden Gate, The Cricl..ct, Highland Light,
Twin Lights, Ocean Wave, James Christopher, Alice Price,
Lv:1g Branch, The Laura, The Helen and The Meta. I well
remember the war between different boat lines in the early
fifties when the fare from New York to Red Bank was down
to ten cents a trip. This cheap fare brought to Highlands
and other landing places along the river a very promiscuous
lot of visitors who were not always desirable. However,
the rate war did not last long and we were relieved of this
influx of objectionable visitors."
SA!>."DY HOOK.
(From the pen of Mr. Howard X. Wadham, :::s 'Wall St., X. Y. City.)
"Presumably some few centuries ago there was open
water from the Atlantic Ocean across to Su-ten Island. Just
when the sand began to accumulate in the location now
known as Sandy Hook no one living at present knows. That
for many years there was a long strip of uninhabited land
there partially covered with cedar and holly trees many
of the old-timers do know. From the time that the United
States Government took over this tract of land to the pres-
ent, there has been a steady increase in human activities
there. As the most important defence post on the Atlantic
coast line this is quite a natural sequence. Normally one
thousand of Uncle Sam's best artillerymen call this their
l:ome post. During the World War many times this number
were located there. Since the authorities at Washington
have transferred the Ordnance Testing Grounds to Aber-
deen the great guns are seldom heard and barely enough
men are kept on the post to pre\·ent the guns slipping into a
state of inefficiency.
"Next to the giant beam of the Highland light, Sandy
Hook light is one of the first welcome sights to the navigator
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 587
CHAPTER II.
TBE BOROUGH OF ATLANTIC mGHLANDS AND VICINITY
SINCE 1909.
Reception Tendered Hon. John E. Foster.
The Community Club-The Women's Auxiliary of the Community
Club-Home Circle-And St. Agnes Club, Etc.
CHAPTER ill.
msTORY OF
MIDDLETOWN TOWNSHIP BRANCH
AMERICA.11l RED CROSS.
FOREWORD.
At an Executive Committee meeting of the Branch, held on
April 24th. 1919, it was decided that a history of the Branch and its
Amiliaries be written. Thu was in no spirit of pride of self-satisfac-
tion, but it was thought the work and activities of the Branch should
be recorded before many things were forgotteu; and that it will be
of ereatest interest, in the years to come, to learn what the Middle-
town Towmhip Branch had done during the years of the great World
W~l and how well the people responded to the Cllll of patriotism,
loyaity and service in the Red Cross.
J. H. Schaetter
Miss A. B. Waldron
Mrs. J. E. Foster
Mrs. E. B. Abel
Mrs. G. P. McHenry
Atlantic Higblands, N. J., September 10, 1919. Committee.
OUTLINE.
L Organization and Story.
IL Administration.
III. Work.
(a) Surgical Dressings.
(b) Hospital Garments.
(c) :Knitted Goods.
(d) Canteen.
(e) Publicity.
(f) Drives for Used Clothing.
IV. Finances.
v. Auxiliaries.
VL Membership.
VII. Summary cf Work and Finances
BLUE RIBBON:
Atlantic Highlands:
Mrs. E. H. Cook l\Irs. Marion Hazelton
Mrs. J. W. Cutler l\Iiss Beatrice Botjer
Mrs. H. H. Bowtell :Mrs. J. E. Flitcroft
Mrs. Geo. W. Bristol l\Irs. Ella Roberts
Miss A. B. Waldron l\Irs. Wm. B. Kelly
Mrs. Wm. Oakes :IIrs. E. B. Abel
Mrs. Harold Childs
Locust:
Mrs. Latham Reed
Navesink:
Mrs. J. C. Lord l!rs. Walter B. Connor
Leonardo:
Miss Helen I. McXear
Monmouth Hills:
Hrs. S. A. Brown
Belford:
Mrs. Edith Jeffers Mrs. Rudolph Lang
Mrs. Granderath Mrs. J. Edward Johnson
Mrs. Laura Lee Mrs. Frank Grant
New Monmouth:
Miss Anne Walling
FAWN.COLORED RIBBON:
Atlantic Highlands:
Miss Agnes Lancaster Mrs. E. R. Cham:pion
Hrs. Robert Flett Miss Edith Whittingham
618 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAil,
Port Monmouth:
Mrs. John Eastmond llirs. J. H. Bade
All'!I. Henry DeGrote, Jr. Mrs. Chas. Rutt
Miss Ethel Wilson Mrs. John Maxson
Mrs. William Wilson Miss Lettie Wilson
Mn. Lida Hyers Mrs. William Carmen
Mn. Joseph Carter Mrs. C. A. Burlew
Mn. J. Howard Smith Mrs. Anthony Gibson
Horace G. Smith
Monmouth Hills:
Mrs. E. S. Atwood Mrs. Lawrence Hasbrouck
Mrs. Chas. W. Raymond Mrs. E. Price-Jones
Mrs. E. DeCoppet Mrs. Livingston llliddleditch
Mrs. H. H. Seabrook Mrs. Fred Mandeville
Miss Samuella Brown Mrs. Edward Holbrook
Mrs. Robert Winsmore Miss Alberta Brown
Atlantic Highlands:
W. J. Roberts H. H. Bowtell
E. K. Camp George W. Bristol
Hon. John E. Foster J. H. Scbaeff'er
IL-ADMINISTRATION.
The Branch was most fortunate in the selection of the
men and women who administered its affairs. A strong
organization was effected at the beginning, which accounts
for the efficient way in which the work was carried on.
The Chairman, Miss A. B. Waldron, was most energetic and
capable, and she was aided by a strong corps of assistants,
many of whom hold office at the present time. Some have
been compelled to resign because of ill-health, of for other
reasons. The names of the principal officers of the Branch
are as follows:
Chairman-Miss A. B. Waldron, :Crom the date o:C organization to
October 1st, 1917; succeeded by Rev. J. H. Schaeff'er, who has held
office to the present.
Vice-Chairman-Mrs. John E. Foster, since date of organization.
· Secretary-Mrs. Arthur Naylor, Jr., :Crom date of organization to
April 18, 1917, when Mrs. G. P. McHenry was elected. Mrs. McHenry
was compelled to resign by reason of a nervous breakdown on August
15th, 1918. Mn. E. B. Abel has been Secretary from October 1st,
1918, to the present.
Treasurer--Mrs. E. H. Cook, from organization to January 1st,
1918; succeeded by Mrs. Walter J. Roberts.
Chairman of Military Relief-E. K. Camp, elected July 24th, 1917,
serving at present.
Chairman of Civilian Relief-M.. A. Rice, elected July 24th, 1917,
• ~ at the present time.
620 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
m-WORK.
The spirit of the American people was never more
truly shown than by the manner in which they plunged
into the work of the Red Cross. The nation was at war,
each one must do a part, and the boys at the front must be
supported in every possible way. Those at home took up
the Red Cross work with a spirit of co-operation, patriotism
and sacrifice which was marvellous, and inspiring in the
highest degree. Throughout the territory of the Branch
the membership was most loyal. No effort was too great,
no demand too heavy, no quota too large; but with mag-
nificent spirit and power all turned to do their utmost. No
appeal went unheeded. All differences were forgotten.
All were red-blooded Americans, putting their force, their
patriotism, their consecration, into the work of supporting
the boys in service, and thereby helping to win the war.
The output of the work of the Branch is one of which it
may well be proud. No article was ever returned because
of failure to meet requirements, and every quota was fin-
ished on tiJl'.le. ·
The work in more or less detail is now presented:
622 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAil.
(a)-SURGICAL DRESSINGS.
244 Leonardo
270 Belford
249 New Monmouth
19 Port Monmouth
41 Everett
1,126 Atlantic IDgblands
2,209
-September 1st, 1919-
12 Monmouth Hills .•..•••• 37 lap~ea
165 Navesinlc . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 "
194 Leonardo ••..••...•••• 10
166 Belford • • . • • . . . • . • • • • 5
237 New Monmouth........ 4 "
91 Po1"t Monmouth ........ 17 "
6~ Everett • • • . . . . . • . • • . . 5
ll> Lincroft • • . • . . • . . . • . • . -
984 Atlantic Highlands ..... 91 ••
1,932 178
POSTSCRIPT.
We feel that the history of the Branch would be incomplete with-
out an especial word of appreciation of its present Chairman, Reverend
J. H. Schaeffer.
Energetic and untiring, he has given personal service regardless
of time or conditions, and to his tactful administration and never fail•
ing enthusiasm is due much of the successful working out of the
organization plans.
Mrs. John E. Foster
Miss A. B. Waldron
Mrs. E. B. Abel
Mrs. M. H. McHenr,
of the Committee.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 631
CHAPTER IV.
KEANSBURG.
~:ast K~urg and West Keansburg-From Union Beach to Belford
Being Developed.
Union Beach consists of the old Union City territory,
including the property on the west developed by Mr.
Charles Carr, who also opened the Lorrilards, about 1918,
and the West Keansburg property, building a pier about
eighteen hundred feet in length. Mr. Carr purchased the
steamer "Forest Queen" and established a route between
West Keansburg and Newark which was a great conven-
ience to the property buyers and home builders, who were
in a large degree from Newark and nearby cities.
The general enterprise has developed a wonderful
growth, changing the Union City condition of early years,
converting the adjoining fields and meadow shores into
country homes for hundreds of citizens, from the narrow
confines of the cities to the broad and healthful arena of
the llonmouth North Shores, since about 1910.
Messrs. G'ehlhaus and Sculthorp purchased a large
tract comprising the New Point Comfort Beach that repre-
··.•·
.... ·P:-~~--'--1t•
.
- ..
.
- -~ -: ~. .
• f" ""'C
1·
. . ': - ,_
--~_:>:.!-
•', --:"~~
. ..
~ __ :::.;:;;.
:~-. ,/ ~ ... :
a·_,• .·.·•·:://.::'>;· .
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 635
houses here will rent from the start, as the demand in the
locality far exceeds the supply. This is an exceptional OP-
portunity to all who are in search of summer homes or a
place for a profitable investment.
Those who buy real estate thoughtfully, deliberately
and carefully, after personal investigation, have here a
chance that does not often come. Nothing is so safe as a
piece of land. It cannot bum up, it cannot be stolen, it
cannot be run away with. No cashier can take it away to
Europe with him. No syndicate can squeeze all the water
out of it. Just do this; study all of the reai estate facilities
carefully, read all that is said in the various advertisements,
trust nobody, see for yourself. Use your brains. It is just
as easy to make money in real estate today as it was fifty
years ago, and the profits come very quickly. Buy land
and then hang on to it. It is well to buy more than one
lot. When you buy a lot to build on, buy two or three more
adjoining if possible. These you can use for gardening,
keeping chickens or make a playground for the children.
Every time a house is built the land is bound to be more
valuable, so by buying three or four lots you make them
valuable yourself. If you buy land with judgment you can-
not lose your money. You must make money. Nothing
like land helps a man to save. He pays for it gradually.
He takes an interest in life. It makes him a better citizen,
steadier man. Do not buy more than you can afford. Do
not bind yourself to pay more than you can easily pay. Use
your own judgment. Be cautious, but buy real estate.
HOW TIDS PROPERTY CAN BE REACHED.
Railroad.
The railroad, trolley, steamboat facilities are excellent
and still improving. During the summer season the mag-
nificent boats of Central Railroad Company of New Jersey
make their runs from New York to Atlantic Highlands pier
in one hour, and from the pier to KeansBurg is covered by
train in a few minutes, making the total time from New
York a little more than an hour.
Trolleys.
The shore can be reached by trolley from any part
of the state, Trenton, Newark, Jersey City, and New York
City. You can talie the Turnpike line from Cortlandt
Street, New York, to Newark, then via Elizabeth, Rahway
Junction, Rahway, Woodbridge, Perth Amboy, South Am-
boy, Keyport and Keansburg; also from Paterson, Passaic
640 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
GOOD ROADS.
Good roads for autos, bicycles and driving are here.
It is a pleasant auto trip of a little over two hours from
New York across Staten Island to Perth Amboy, across
the new Raritan bridge to South Amboy, then the stone
road to Keyport and Keansburg. There are good roads from
all the larger cities in North Jersey to the Monmouth Shore.
CHEAP LIVING.
These summer resorts are in the midst of a fruit, truck
and poultry-raising and fishing community, with a climate
and soil well adapted to the growing of all kinds of veget-
ables, all kinds of berries, asparagus, all kinds of fruit,
grapes, tomatoes, sweet and round potatoes, are raised on
the surrounding farms and sold to summer residents. Ice
is harvested right on the property, and plenty of milk can
be had from the surrounding farms.
VIEWS.
The water view at Keansburg and vicinity is magnif-
icent. Every ship entering or leaving New York Harbor
passes within plain sight; therefore, few places in the world
have such an endless procession of vessels of every kind over
the mighty deep as here. Sandy Hook with
its great fort, (Fort Hancock,) can plainly be
seen; Coney Island can be seen
plainly any day, and at night
the gleam from the millions
of electric lights across the
water, lighting up the sky
all round, produces a spec-
tacle which can hardly be
:.- _ de~cribed.
- -~~~i~~lr.- ,.. ,., . ,...
~ &«m KO!Clltei«n
642 FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL
CHAPTER V.
THE GREATER PORT OF NEW YORK.
CHAPTER VI.
THE EARLY HISTORY OF LENISON.
Which Includes Lenison Junction and Lenison Manor.
MAP OF LE!li"ISON, N. J.
FROM INDIAN TRAIL TO ELECTRIC RAIL 649
CHAPTER VII.
1916-1020.
MAYOR SNYDE?.'S ADMI?."ISTRATIONS.
CHAPTERVill.
1920.
CHAPTER IX.
llISTORY OF THE BOY SCOUT TROOP NO. 22,
ATLANTIC mGHLANDS, N. J.
by
INDEX
Compiled by
Norma L. Swan
The author expresses to :',liss Swan his acl:nowledJ;:lllent for the manner in
which she has accompli3hecl the work.
ical Associltion. "IO; tribute to. "Littl~ Short Gown", story of.
Jnon retircm<'nt as mnvor. 524- 162-166.
~t5; presi,l<.'nt of Breakwater Liquor, i,rice of. fixed by General
Committee. 528; chairman of 20th Assembl;·. 1667. 21.
.1nnh·<.'rsar\" of Atlantic Highlands,
0
Locust Point. account of. b;· William
533; tribu te tll. paid bv William .J. Leonard, 463-464.
~1. Foster. 57 4; successful in ef- Lo,·al Temneranee Lec:ion. 280.
forts to secure troJlev. 576-57i; Ludlnw. Brigadier General in War of
:irires inclusion of Monmouth's 1812, 26.
north shore in Greater Port of Lufburrow famil)· at Chanel P.ill. US
Xew York. 642-6-16; part M\'11<.'r of Lumberyard first establi•h<!d b;·
T.eniMn, 6-li-64R. Leonard Brothers. 182-184.
M. .Mount, Mark L., keeper of Conover
Beacon, 137; master in chancery,
Mail carriers, early, 101-102. 178-179; makes acknowledgements
Mail route from LeonardVJlle to of transfers of original tracts of
Navesink, 132. land, 200-201.
:Many Mind Creek, Dutch and Eng- l!ount, Timothy, blacksmith and
lish meet at. 5-6; origin of name wheelwright, 148.
of Springs, 20; plan to widen and
deepen, 493. N.
Maria Lewis, murder of, 80. ::-.ati:mal Bank, Atlantic Highlands,
Marl, green sand, 71. see Bank.
M ..rtin. Mrs. Harriet E., opens Bay :Xavesink (village). early schools at
View House, 182. 82; memories of, by Thomas Leon-
:!\fartin, Thomas, first •barber in At- ard, 82-85; early carpenters of,
lantic Highlands. 212-213. 83; Rice Hatsell, early store-
Masonic Lodge. organized in Atlan- keeper at, 83, 155, 613, 620; 'tem-
tic Highlands, 487; ofli~rs in- perance Society formed at, 84;
stalled in 1897. 487, Baptist meeting house at, 84;
:!\~axson Tavern, 135-136. early ttsidents of, 8-1-85; early
Maxson, Willinm A., denth of, 501- enterprises at, 86-87; Charles H.
502. Green, sta;:-e-driver at, 87-88;
:',[cClees, family of, 143. mills at. 88-89; list of old families
of, 90-92; Hall Association formed
McHenn·, Mrs. Guy P., member of 97-98; Fire Company organized,
Rrd Cross Executive Committee, 99-100; mail route from Leonard-
610-631>. ville to, 132; Joseph r.,,,.,r.ard, inn-
:,fethodist Society at High Point chant at, 1-li; po~t offic~ sPcc':'ct!.
organized. 149. 14e); circuit minister~ at. 15l;
:!\lexicnn Wnr. local men enlisted, 26 , first rrliJ:!'ious ~rr\·ices at. 15-1:
)Iiddletown As..sembly, earliest record account of, by Willia~ .r. Lcr,nard
of. 14; list of officers in 1667, 14. 1 -IGl-463; one fire in a hali century
)lidd!etown. interesting account of -I 63; old -time teachers a,, -HJ:;·,
bv Richard Hartshorne in 1675, death of William A. )Iaxson at.
4~!";-.185; religious revival at. 152- 501-502; death of Geor;.:e B. DaYis
15-1. . ;,32-533; Libr:iry. arcount of. 5l!l-
::l!iddletown Township Committee ;,92; World War Veterans, list of.
organizes, 361. 593; account of from 1909-1 n:!
)Iitld!etown Townshir, 3ranch of Red by Xorma L. Swan, 590-593.
Cross organized, 612-613. ~,avesink Baptist Church. sec Church
::llills a~ :\"avesink, 8S-89. ::,;:avesink Episcopal (Stone) Church,
:\lissionarv Institute meets at Atlan- see Church
tic Hi;rhlands. 206-207. Xavesink ::llethod'.st Episcopal Church
: lonmouth, Battle of, British retreat see Church.
159. Xavesink Public School, see School.
:Jonmouth County Historical Asso- Xavesink (Blackiston) Avenue
ciation organized, 507-511. opened, 339.
Jionmouth Hills colony. 526. Xavesink (Oceanic) Bridge, see
:\!onmouth Patent, 7-9. Bridge.
)fonmouth Patentees, names of. 8. Xavesink Highlands, Indians at. 1-3;
"Monmouth Press" see Newapapera called Rens.selaer's Point by thr
'\fonmouth Steamboat Compan~-. in- Dutch, 5; "Highlands of :Xa1:e-
corporation otf, 71. sink" poem by Philip Fren<:au.
:,Iorford. Henry, founder of Xew 27; described in log of the "Half
.Jersey Standard, 11 l. )loon", -12--13: Indian encam,pment
Morford. William, early merchant, at, 43; "Highlands of :-.'avesink"'.
110-111. . description of in Harper's Maga-
Morris, George. part O"-"tler of Len- zine, 52-56; Hartshornes of the
ison, 647-648. (Navesink) Highlands, account of
Mount. Andrew, of Claypit Creek. in Harper's Magazine. 58-65; pow-
89-90. der magazine at, 67-68; Nimrod
Mount, Cornelius, activities of, 147- Woodward, early resident of, 67,
148. 69, 84; East View Hotel, proprie-
tors of, 70; post office established tic Highlands Railroad Co., 243;
at, 72; draw bridge built, 72-73; turns first shovel of dirt on Rail-
actor's colony at, 73; churches at, road, 2-14; puts Hillside Park in
76; well-known residents of, 77; real estate market, 254; death of,
Charles R. Havens, first telegraph 272, 291-292; memorial window in
operator at, 79, 526-527; first honor of, -131; referred to in
school building erected at, 80; history of early Atlantic High-
Vinton Havens, telegraph operator lands, 567.
at, 80; new drawbridge built at,
367; as seen by Henry Hudson,
4-19--150; Thompson's Hotel, 78-
o.
79, 527; borough, account of, 581, Observatory Park, ·:iew from, -198-
583; account of in Red Bank 500.
Register, 583-586; ships wrecked Ocean Boulevard, see R-cla.
at, 585. Oceanic Bridge, see Bridire.
Xavesink Highlands Lights, se<? Odd Fellows, Independent Order of
Liirbtbouae. organized at Atlantic Highlands,
!,avesink Park Association, account 311-312: officers of, installed in
of, 77, 199 1887. -186: election of officers for
:-:avesink River, kept open by rail- in 1899, 520.
road, 137. "Old Times at Hii:-hlands" by Elean-
:-.ewasink, location of. 7. or Thompson Benton, 583-586.
:-.ew Eng-land fisherman at The Oonuehkoi, Se<? Stone Bridire.
Spout, 70-71. Ordinarys (taverns) provided for b'I"
:;ew Jersey Central builds new Hig-h- law in 1668, 21. •
lawls drawbridge. 367; takes o,·er Ori:-anizations, se under their r~spec-
Atlantic Highlands Railroad, 305. th·e names.
Xew Jersey Southern Railroad Organizations of Atlantic HiR"hbnds
opened, 118. in IS!•O-lS!ll. 33S.
);cw Point Comfort, development of. Osborn, Ezra A.. first sur,·eyor of
63-1-641. Atlantic Hi~hlands property, 177;
Xewsdealers, first in Atlantic Hi[:h- connected with Xavesink Park
1:inds. lS~. As:,;ociation, 7;. 1 t,9.
:~<'wspapers. Atlantic Hig-hlan,ls. "Our Girls" aids Atlantic ll:g-,,lands
"Herald," edite<I by Peter Y. Association, 20S.
Evert!tt, 20:l; "Herald", edited hy ··Our XC'w Home·•. ver:-;e~. :!-IG-2-17.
T. T. E,·crett. 211: "Independent"' C-,·:att. S. B.. g-i,·en contract for
edited by Leonard and Ling-le. building Atlantic Hii:-hlands Rail-
28-1; ·•Independent" becomes road. 2-14: promoter of Atlantic
":\lonmouth Press". 309; history Hii:-hlands Rank. ~OS.
of ":\Ion mouth Press", 329-330: Oyster industry along- Shrewsbury
•·:,Ionmouth Press" purchased by River, -16;,.
William J. Leonard. 363; "Atlan-
tic Hig-hlands Journal" estaL!ished P.
364: chani:,,s owners, 395; bou[:ht
by A. C. Hart, -125; mo,·es to new Parkertown, description of. 63-64;
quarters, -141: passes into hands residents of. 7 -t-75.
of :\I ilton R. Shale. 597. r:,rsons. William Barl'lay plans
Xewspaper,;. Atlantic Hii:-hlands. ac- wattor supply for Atlantic High-
count of by William .J. Leonard. lands. :35:l.
-160. Patterson, Franklin, reminisc-ences
":Sew York \Vorld", article on At- by. -11.
lantic Hii:-hlancs Pier, 36-1-367. Patterson ••John L., account of. farm
Xichols. Colonel Richard, appointed of becomes part of Atlantic Hig-h-
governor of East Jersey, 7. lands. 196; residue of farm boul('ht
Nichols' Patent, 1665, copy of, 7-9. by Sculthorp Realty Company.
Xichols' Patentees, associates of, 22- 598.
23. Patterson, Samuel F. employed as
Xobles, Reverend John C.. settles in telei:-raph operator. 188.
Atlantic Highlands, 202; interest- Pie:- (Atlantic Highlands) articles on
ed in securinl(' railroad for Atlantic in Xew York World, 36-l-367.
Highlands, 229; director of Atlan- Pier, Mandalay, buildinR" of, ;;94.595_
rinckney, Jonathan T., finrt .police R.
officer in Atlantic Highlands, 300;
,wary of, 305; given increase in Railroad at Atlantic Highlands,
:!B1a?y, 327; death of, 5.U. agitated, 225-228; company organ-
}'lumbers in Atlantic Highlands in ized, 230-232, 243-244; Samuel F.
1890, 531-532. Patterson appointed agent, 244;
building committees of, 244-245;
Poem in memory of Patience Hop- Atlantic Highlands and New York
ping, 277-278. Railroad opened, 245-246; J'l'O-
Police De,partment, Atlantic High- posed route of, 254-255; complet-
lands, first officer appointed, 300, ed, 255-258; taken over by !'Jew
305; lockup provided. 327; night Jersey Central, 305; pier bouitht
watchman appointed, 3411. -by New Jersey C•ntral, 307;
!'ort Monmouth, Baptist Church Leonard Avenue Sta;ion estab-
organized, 111; Transportation lished, 336; Atlantic Highlands
Company organized, 117; Trans- terminal begun, 348; terminus
portation Company, 129. changed from Sandy Hook to At-
:;•ortland Place, purchased by Rich- lantic Highlands, 358-361; open-
ard Hartshorne, 13; name for ing of terminm celebrated, 368-
lower Highlands, 154. 374; service between Atlantic
Highlands boats and Red Bank
Portland Poynt, meeting place of discontinued, 375; New Jersey
General Assembly, 14; origin of Central Station built at Atlantic
name, 17; distribution of Jots, 19; Highlands, 392.
important as early meeting pl3ce, I.:ilph, Justus E.• joins in eft'ort to
22; West, residents of, 103-113; secure Oce:inic Bridge, 326-327.
first school district, 136; interest-
ing account of Middletown in 1675 Ramsay, William W., writes an ac-
483-485. .:ount of Keansburg, 631-634.
Reed, Mrs. Sylvanm, organizes :Mon-
Posten, William H:, Jr., councilman mouth County Historical Associa-
of Atlantic Highlands, 438. tion, 507-511.
Posten. William H., blacksmith at Red •Bank Register's account of
:Savesink, 86; family of, 91; Joshua Huddy, 40.
obituary notice of, 540. Red Cross, Middletown Township
Post Office at, Atlantic Highlands branch organized, 612-613; Cha,p-
secured, 188, 218; mails conveyed ter at Atlantic Highbnds and
by nil, 365; free delivery estab- \'icinity, account of, 610-630; ac-
lished, 650; Chapel Hill, 147; tivities in Atlantic Highlands. 650
:--lavesink, 149; Navesink High- Red Men, Independent Order of,
lands, 72. organized, 430.
Potter, Honorable Howard, intei-est- Red Pine Robbers, 25.
ed in securing railroad for Atlan- Rei:iments stationed on Portland
tic Highlands, 226, 229. Heights, War of 1812, 26.
i'owder magazine at Navesink High- Religious meetings first held in At-
lands, 67-68. lantic Highlands. 208.
Rcli~ous re,;val at Middletown, 152-
Property restrictions of Atlantic 154.
Highlands Cam,pmeeting Assocation R~nsselaer's Point, early Dutch
192-194. · name for Navesink Highlands. 5.
Prophecy of one gre,t municipality Rice. M. A .. active in Red Cross work
in Monmouth County, 31. 613-620. -
Frophecy concerning Monmouth Riceville, see NaTeSiak (Yillqe)
County of the future. 119. Rh·erside Drive, account of by Wil-
Pumping Station at Atlantic High- liam J. Leonard, 464-465.
,.,~.,. ,f..,.,...;n•inn of 417--119. · Roads, Valley Drive built. 348; Val-
Purchaser11 of first lots sold at At- ley Drive extension laid out, 382;
lantic Highlan"ds, 177-178. Valley Drive ordered cut'bed and
Q. ~nated with ....,.vel. 439; Stone Rd.
from foot of First Avenue to Nave-
QUArlr..r,hush . .JAcob M., president of sink Bridire completed, 539; an
Atlantic Highlands borough in Ocean Driveway proposed. 540-
1896, 468. 541; Ocean Boulevard descn"bed
as state project, 548-549; Ocean I 1;00-501; construction of stone
Boulevard. advantages of, stated, reef in front of inlet, 506; Cable
555-557 • "missing link" between completed, 515; Fort Hancock
Ocean Boulevard and Ken,ort public school organized, 519; Fort
Planned. 654-656; Hendrickson's Hancock M. El Church dedicated,
Corner to Leonardo becomes 537-538; inlet in 1846, 583; first
County Road, 661. q railroad built on, 585; account of,
Roberts and White, firm of, organ- by Howard N. Wadham, 586-588.
ized, 530. Schaeff'er, Reverend Joseph H.,
Roberts, D. J'ones, '!Dember of bor- chairman of Executive Committee
ongh conncil, 406. of Red Cross, 610-630; first scout
itoberts, (Nathaniel) estate becomes '!Daster at Atlantic Highlands, 662;
part of Atlantic Highlands, 196. gives account of Boy Scouts in
Roberts, Mrs. Phoebe M., death of, Atlantic Highlands. 662-&64.
515. Schenck, Peter W., erects first dis-
Roberts, Nathaniel H., account of, trict school at Navesin:C Highlands
123. 80; death of, 520.
r..oberts. Reverend Thomas, preaches School, first public, on land of John
at Navesink Highlands, 76; preach- •Bowne, 103-104.
es at Riceville (Navesink), 84, 95; School, Atlant•~ l::[ighla:id!1, first pri-
erects homestead, 112; preaching vate, 180; second private. 210;
circuit of, 154-155. Miss Berst o:i:ens private school,
Roberts, William M•• works, as 'IDaY- 375; public opened, 262-263; first
or, to improve Atlantic Highlands, commencement, 423; commence-
545-546. of 1895, 440-441; cornerstone of
Rogers, Miss Mary, teaches school in new bll'ilding laid, 445; contract
Atlantic: Highlands, 210. for addition awarded, 560; build-
Rogers, Thomas T., early resident ing enlarged, 5!19; re,ort of, ~or
of Atlantic Highlands, 202; made 1891-1892. 350-352; celebmtcs
president of M. E. Church trnstees opening of new building in 1896.
214. 466-467; closing exercises of in
Roope, Jacob, home of, 109. 1896. 469-470; election of trust,~
in 1897, 486; closing exercise.s of
Royal Arcanum of Atlantic: High- in 1899. 531.
lands, organized. 361-384; officers School, Chapel Hill, first built in
of in 1897, 485; officers in 1899, 1817, 145; new bmlding dedicated
521. 437.
School, early private at High Point.
s. 102-103.
Sebc;ol, Leonardo, description of, 599
Sail packets, list of, 134. School, Leonardville. established at
Sale, statement of, by William Bay Shore, 125-126; new building
Brown, 24. planned to be built on Leonard-
Sandy Hook, purchased by Richard ville road. 469; new building
.Hartshorne, 13, 43-44; history of opened. 480.
32-37; embarkation place of Brit- ~chool, Navesink, first built on land
ish Army, 36-37; inlet at, in 1778, of John; Bowne, 103-104, 462; first
37; poetic descri,ption of, 41; ref- district, land I.or deeded by Wil-
erence to, in Hudson's lo,t book, liam Leonard. 1825, 86; burned in
41-43; extension of, 44; lighthouse 1850, 463; new building erected,
on, built from proceeds of lottery 383, 463; old-time teachers at,
44-45; light destroyed during the 463: graduation exercises in 1896,
Revolution, 45-46; becomes an 469; property valued at $20,000,
island, 46; inlets at, 46, 51; during 599
the Revolution, 46-47; during War School, Navesink Highlands, first
of 1812, 47; fortification of, 47- _ public. 81.
50; :inlet at, 137; abandoned as School, Portland Poynt, district of,
Central Railroad terminus, 364- 136.
368; railroad to Highlands Beach School, Sandy Hook, provided for,
built, 405; return of inlet in 1896 519.
479-480; extensive army buildings Schoolhouses, old-time, passing of,
planned (tor, 481; inlet in 1897, 599.
Sthoolmasters, old-time, inebriety of portation Company, 201; "Marion"
103-104. disabled, 207-208; 'Monmouth",
Sculthorp Realty Company buys ex- placed OD Atlantic Highlands
tensive holdings, 598. route, 307; "William V. Wilaon"
Sculthorp, Louis T., President of burned. 561-562; "Mandalay", ac-
Building and Loan Association, count of, 595; between New York.
596. ~avesink Highlands and Red Bank
Sea captains. list of, 134. 81; from Sandy Hook to Atlantic
Sears, Charles, locates on water front Highland, 212; between New York
TL . and Red Bank, 586.
Sears Estate, 456. Stedman, Edmund Clarence, quoted.
Settlements, earliest in Monmouth 23.
County, 14. Stevens, John and Lydia, donors of
Sewage system of Atlantic High- All Saints Church, 61.
lands, engineers report on, 408- Slill, Cooper's, on Stillwell farm,
422; Mayor Van Mater's recom- 146.
mendation concerning, 550-551. Stillwell farm, account of, 141.
Sickles, Judge George H., account Sti'lweU. John, quartermaster of
ui, 92; death of, 541. Monmouth Militia, 158-168;
S1!rJl8ling (semaphore) forerunner watches ,Brltcsh fleet from Garrett
of telegraph, at Navesink High- Hill, 160; Revolutionary patriot,
lands, 79. 162-163.
Sly, engineer of Steamer "Marion" Stillwell. Julia, early house of, at
in danger, 194-195. Navesink, 83.
Snyder, Charles R. admitted to New Stillwell, Mary. and Lord Cornwallis
Jersey bar, 375; made secretary of 159.
Atlantic Highlands Building and St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church
,Loan, 383-384; elected clerk of organized, 111.
Cenral Baptist Church, 388; elect- Stockholders, original, of Atlantic
ed member of ~ev.· J ~'"!'ey Le~:•- Highlands Association, 201-202.
lature. 537; elected r.nyor of At- Stone Bridge, Grand Avenue, opened
lantic ffighlands, 601-603; re- 473-475.
elected mayor in 1915, 649-654; Stone Church, see Charcla.
,biographical sketch of, 649. George H., on Taylor farm,
Snyder. Rutsen S., first insurance Stout,142; death of, 539.
ag,ent in Atlantic Highlands, 190; Stout, Jacob T., first assessor of At-
1eal estate and insurance agent. lantic Highlands, 272: president
301; trustee of Central Baptist
Churrh, ass; engaged in real es- Atlantic Highlands Building and
tate business, 435; appointed post- Loan, 292; commissioner of At-
master at Atlantic Highlands, 540; lantic Highlands borough, 324;
obituary notice of, 542. vice-president of Atlantic High-
Soldiers from Atlantic Highlands in iands Board of Trade, 334: mayor
Great War, list of, 653. of Atlantic Highlands. 405-406;
Soldiers from Navesink in Great re-elected mayor of Atlantic High-
War, list of, 593. lands, 437; a go,·emor of Casino
Spout, The Water, reference to, 27, Club, 445; director of Atlantic
28; New England fishermen at, Highlands Bank, 487; greets his
70-71. successor as mayor, 492.
Stage line, from Keyport to High- Stout, John, settles at Navesink
lands, 111: from Chapel Hill to Highlands, 10.
Navesink Highlands, 132; from Stuut, Penelope (Van Princes), st,:,ry
Leonardville to Navesink High- of, 11, 33-34.
lands, 132: from Atlantic High- Stout, Reverend David B., preacher
lands to Middletown, 209-229. at Middletown, 154-155.
St. Agnes Catholic Church, see Stout, Richard, Nichols patentee, 8;
Cln,rch. marries Penelope Van Princes, 11;
Stand Pipe, Atlantic Highlands, descendants of, 11.
description of, 414-417. Street Lighting, see Liclltins S,-atem
.Steamer, "Collier'·. first between Streets of Atlantic Highlands bor-
Atlantic Highlands and New York ough, atone street crossings furn- ·
189; "Marion", acquired by Trans- ished, 348; graded and mapped,
356; first piped for sewage and of, 118-119; accoant o!, at Atlan-
water, 381; Valley Drive coated tic Highlands, 370-371.
with gravel, 439; supplied ,.,;th Trolley, companies make inq~
sign boards, 422; Mayor Van conceming Atlantic Highlands,
Mater's suggestions conceming, 536; unsuccessful attempt to se-
551-552; concreted and covered cure in 1902, 541; application of,
with asphalt, 656-657. - for franchise, 544-545; New Jer-
Sanday steamboat service began at :rey Traction Company applies for
Atlantic Highlands, 307. franchise, 546-547; Mayor Van
Swan, Cooper, cbtirman of first Mater's suggestion concerning
meeting in interest of freight 553; franchise granted to New
route, 171; death of, 439. Jersey Traction Company, 55-5-
Swan, Jacob, keeper of Navesink 556; plans for, changed, 563;
Highlands bridge, 73. through Atlantic Highlands ar.
Swan, John B., account of, 89; presi- accomplished fact, 576-577.
dent of Atlantic Highlands Board Twenty-Ninth Regiment, hold re-
of Education, 466. 11nion at Atlantic Highlands, 476;
Swan, Miss Norma L. History of history of, 476-479.
Xavesink, 590. • '!'win Light Houses, see Li.-ht-ho...._
Swan, Webster, promoter of Atlantic u.
!{ighlan<!s Bank, 308;_ takes part Union City. failure of, 114-115.
m openmg of Nav~1nk Bridste, v.
336, 339; postmaster at Navesiiik Valley Drive, built, 348; extension
497. ' laid out, 382; coated with gravel,
439.
T. Van Kirk, John, farmer of Hart-
Tabernacle at Atlantic Highlands, shornes', SO.
206; interesting services in, 285; Van Mater, Charles, cashier of At-
presented with bell by Reverend lantic Highlands Bank, 487; treas-
E. C. Curtis, 407; known as Octa- urer of Breakwater Committee,
gon, burned, 543. 528.
1"a,·ern, Maxson, account of, 135-136 Van Mater, Garrett, resident of
Taylor farm, historical traditions of Chapel Hill, 141; homestead at
139. Chapel Hill, 145.
Taylor, George, of Garrett Hill, 158. Van Mater, Dr. John H., active in
Taylor. William, farm, 142. local affairs, 141; first physician
Teachers of Atlantic Highlands Pub- in Atlantic Highlands, 208; fore-
Fe S<.'hool in 1883, 262. man of Fire Company, 241; opens
Telegraph service established in At- office. 271; member first Board of
lantic Highlands, 188. Health, 307; account of as bor-
Tele~ph service established at ough commissioner, 341: elected
Navesink Highlands, 79, 526-527. councilman of Atlantic Highlands
T emperance society formed at Nave- 437; elected chief of Hook and
sink, 84. Ladder Company, 505; re-elected
Ten,:iis Clll'b organized at Atlantic councilman, 524; elected mayor of
Highlands, 596. Atlantic Highlands, 550; sng-
Teetotal Temperan~ Society organ- i:estions concerning electric light
ized. 135. system, 55~; improvements during
Total Abstinence Society formed at mayoralty of. 594-601.
Chapel Hill, 146, 149-152. Veterans of Great War, Atlantic
Thompson's Hotel at Navesink High- Hii:hlan-ds. 653.
lands, 78-79, 527. Veterans of Great War, Navesink,
Thompson, Joseph I., estate sold, 593.
527. Voters. list of at fir•~ borough ,.lec-
Tilton, John, M_onmouth patentee, 8; tion in Atlantic Highlands, 294,
early settler m ·Monmouth County,
12. w.
Tom;pkins, "Governor" of N:ivesink Waldron, Anne B., head of executive
9L ' ' committee of Red Cross, 610-630.
To~ship Committee organizes at Wakake. early boat landin,r at, 115.
Middletown, 361. War of 1812, local men enlisted, 26
l'ransportation, chan,res in methods Water Witch. conected with Cooper's
story, 61-62; built by Esik Hart- \Vharf Com.pany, Atlantic Highlands,
shorne, 67; history of, 68-70. formed, 533-536.
Water Witch Club organized, 439- White, F. A.. elected president o!
440. Citizens' Association, 660; be-
Water Witch Park, development of, comes partner of William llrL Rob-
480. erts, 530.
Water Witch Park, an account of in Wilson, Reverend William V., pastor
1899, 526. of Port Monmouth Baptist Chlll'Ch
Water Witch property, reference to, 111; home of, 113.
584. Wmter, Andrew, Sr., SA:Count of,
Water System for Atlantic High- 143; activities of, 147.
lands, first suggested, 316; private Winter, Obadiah, merchant, 146-147
company proposed (or, 353; agitat- Woman's Auxiliary of Community
ed, 376-378; standpipe location Club, report of, 606-607.
presented to borough, 381; arte- Womens Christian Temperance Union
sian wells driven, 388-389; stand- organized at Atlantic Highlands,
pipe built, 390; chemical analysis 279-280.
of water. 409-412; engineer's re- Woodward, Charles S., account of.
port of, 408-422; pumping station,
description of. 417-419; additional 123; property of becomes ~ of
wells bored, 430; sewage system Atlantic Highlands, 196; residue
begun, 384; extended to Navesink of farm bought by Sculthorp
Park, 649. Realty Company, 598.
Watrous. A. C., merchant at Chapel Woodward, N'unrod, of Navesink
Hill, 147. Highlands, 67, 69, 84.
'·Welcome Home" celebration for Woodward, Nimrod, builds Stolk!
soldiers, 652. Church, 61; stone mason at At-
lantic Highlands. 251; work on
Wharf at Atlantic Highlands built, Stone Bridge praised, 4 7 4.
178.
Wharf at Atlantic Highlands ex- Y.
tended, 213-214.
Wharf at Atlantic Highlands account '1:'acht Club, Pavoni&, formed, opens
of, 480-481. for first season, 361.