Pdms Design GMM Guide
Pdms Design GMM Guide
Pdms Design GMM Guide
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Revision History
Date April 2003 Sept 2004 Version 11.5 11.6 Notes New manual at this version Updated to include new information regarding Winforms GUI, Equipment Modification, Component Modification, Quick Pipe Routing and Undo/Redo.
Revision History-i
Revision History
Contents
1
1.1 1.2
2
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
Selection........................................................................................................2-1
Introducing Element Selection ................................................................................. 2-1 Selecting Piping Components ................................................................................... 2-2 Menus on Selection Sets ........................................................................................... 2-5 2.3.1 Equipment Items ........................................................................................ 2-5 2.3.2 Piping Components ..................................................................................... 2-6 Component Deselection............................................................................................. 2-6
3
3.1 3.2
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
Contents-i
Contents
4.3.2 Linear Movement Handle......................................................................... 4-18 4.3.3 Planar Movement Handles....................................................................... 4-23 4.3.4 Rotation Handle ........................................................................................ 4-27 4.3.5 Feature Highlighting ................................................................................ 4-31 4.3.6 Moving the Locator Handle Independently of the Graphical Selection. 4-33 Positioning and Orientation Using the Edit Menu ............................................... 4-34 4.4.1 Move Selection and Move Handle ............................................................ 4-34 4.4.2 Rotate Selection and Rotate Handle ........................................................ 4-37 Undo and Redo ........................................................................................................ 4-38 Delete Selection....................................................................................................... 4-39 Selectable Items ...................................................................................................... 4-39
5
5.1 5.2
6
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
6.5
7
7.1 7.2 7.3
Contents-ii
Contents
7.7 7.8
7.9
7.10
Entering and Leaving QPR ...................................................................................... 7-4 The Pipe Routing Handle.......................................................................................... 7-4 The Extend Route Handle ........................................................................................ 7-5 7.6.1 Dragging ...................................................................................................... 7-5 7.6.2 Feature Highlighting .................................................................................. 7-5 7.6.3 Offsetting..................................................................................................... 7-6 7.6.4 Nudging the Handle.................................................................................... 7-7 Cardinal Direction Handles...................................................................................... 7-8 Free Rotation Handles .............................................................................................. 7-9 7.8.1 Dragging ...................................................................................................... 7-9 7.8.2 Feature Highlighting .................................................................................. 7-9 7.8.3 Nudging the Handle.................................................................................. 7-10 Direction and Rotation Characteristics ................................................................. 7-10 7.9.1 Extend Route Handle................................................................................ 7-10 7.9.2 Distance from Origin ................................................................................ 7-12 7.9.3 Feature Highlighting ................................................................................ 7-12 7.9.4 Explicit Direction ...................................................................................... 7-15 7.9.5 Complete.................................................................................................... 7-15 7.9.6 Connect ...................................................................................................... 7-17 7.9.7 Rotation Handles ...................................................................................... 7-18 Feedback .................................................................................................................. 7-18 7.10.1 Extend Route Handle................................................................................ 7-19 7.10.2 Dragging .................................................................................................... 7-19 7.10.3 Snapping.................................................................................................... 7-20 7.10.4 Cardinal Direction Handles ..................................................................... 7-22 7.10.5 Free Rotation Handles.............................................................................. 7-23 Popup Menus on the QPR Handle.......................................................................... 7-23 7.11.1 Extend Handle .......................................................................................... 7-23 7.11.2 Free Rotation Handle ............................................................................... 7-26 Hotkeys .................................................................................................................... 7-28 An Example ............................................................................................................. 7-29
Contents-iii
Contents
Contents-iv
1.1
Chapter 2 introduces element Selection, and the meanings of the different Selection graphics. Chapter 3 introduces the Model Editor mode of operation within a 3D View Window. Chapter 4 introduces the Model Editor itself, describing the selection, positioning and orientation facilities available within Model Editor mode. Chapter 5 introduces Graphical Equipment Modification. These facilities have options to speed the modification of Equipment. Chapter 6 introduces Graphical Component Modification. You can interactively move piping Components along the legs of a pipe route and rotate them about the centreline of the pipe tube. Chapter 7 introduces Quick Pipe Routing, where you can define a pipe route (change in directions) interactively.
Note that this guide does not always provide full details of menus and forms associated with these topics. For this information see the PDMS Design online help. Direct references may be made to topics within the online help, the following device being used to indicate such references:
: The 3D View Window; Creating a 3D View Window
1-1
1.2
Glossary
Point, P-point, line or P-line on the 3D model that can be used for alignment. One or more elements selected for subsequent manipulation using the Locator Handle. When in Navigate mode, the elements selected by a pointer click. For an Equipment, all the constituent primitives will be selected, for a piping Component, all connected Components will be selected. A handle situated on the Locator Handle, which when selected for a drag operation, constrains movement of the selection to be along the direction of the selected major axis. A collection of handles which together provide a mechanism for positioning and orientation of selected PDMS elements. The incremental step in current distance units that a selection will move in the direction of a major axis of the Locator Handle when a planar movement handle or a linear movement handle is dragged. The axis identified by the Linear Movement Handle. During a drag operation, the current selection will be constrained to move in the direction of the movement axis only, while following the movement of the pointer. The plane identified by the Planar Movement Handle. During a drag operation, the current selection will be constrained to move in the Movement Plane only, while following the movement of the pointer. A handle situated on the Locator Handle, which when selected for a drag operation constrains movement of the selection to be in the plane indicated by the Planar Movement Handle. That is, the XY, XZ or YZ plane of the Locator Handle. Incremental step in degrees that a selection will rotate when a Locator rotation handle is dragged. Position used as a datum point for subsequent movement of the Graphical Selection.
Locator Handle
Movement Increment
Movement Axis
Movement Plane
1-2
Plant Item
A Design database element that represents an engineering item that can be individually selected and manipulated to modify plant layout. For example, Equipment, Steel Section, Piping Component.
1-3
1-4
2
2.1
Selection
Introducing Element Selection
Selecting an element (when not in Model Editor mode) highlights that element and all of its constituent primitives with a solid green line:
The highlight colour used is the same irrespective of whether you have read/write access rights or read-only access rights. (Note that this is not the case in Model Editor mode see section 4.1.1.)
2-1
Selection
2.2
Note that the selected elements (known as the Selection Set), only constitute the graphical selection (as highlighted with a green line) the selected current element is (in the above case) still only the Valve element itself, as shown in yellow in the above picture. The above situation only applies where the arrive and leave directions of the selected piping Component are in line with each other. In the case of (for example), an Elbow, only the Elbow itself and any connected zerolength Components (e.g. Welds) are selected. See below:
2-2
Selection
Selection
Picked Component
Selected
If a Component which has arrive and leave directions which are in line also has Components which are directly connected to it, then those Components are selected as well. For example:
Connected Components are selected up to, but not including: An element which changes direction, e.g. Elbow, Bend, etc. A directly connected-to element, e.g. Tee, Cross, etc. where the CREF or CRFA is set A bad alignment between Components, e.g. bad offset, alignment, etc.
Further examples of Component selection sets are shown below: Example: Flanged Valve within a straight leg of a Branch.
Picked Component
Selection
Picked Component
Picked Component
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Selection
Example: Bad alignment, between Valve assembly and one of its flanges:
Picked Component
2.3
2.3.1
In the example shown above, De-Select All would de-select the entire pump; De-Select Current would de-select all primitives but the highlighted cylinder. See the PDMS Design online help for details of the other options.
2-5
Selection
2.3.2
Piping Components
Note:
the above menu is for selection using the right-hand mouse button only the element under the pointer is selected. Selection using the left-hand mouse button selects the element under the pointer and connected elements.
Select Connected selects all Components connected to the current Component. Select Leg. selects Components in the same Pipe leg as the
current Component.
All other options are as for Model Editing mode see section 3.2.3.
2.4
Component Deselection
Ctrl-click on a selected item removes it from the current selection set.
Holding the key down while dragging out a selection rectangle removes the selected items from the current selection set. Connected zero length or connected invisible components should never be left orphaned when either of their adjacent components are removed from the selection set. Example: De-selection of a flanged break in line:
Selection Set
Deselected Component
2-6
Selection
2-7
Selection
2-8
3
3.1
3D View windows can be used to display all or part of the design model. No graphics are displayed in a 3D View window until model elements are added to the draw list and view limits are set. In Navigate Mode (the default setting), view windows allow you to select an element simply by clicking on it, which navigates to it in the database and makes it the current element. In this mode, the prompt bar across the top of the viewing area contains the prompt Navigate:. In Event-Driven Graphics (EDG) mode, mouse pointer picks are used as part of an event-driven graphics routine. You are invited to perform a graphical pick on an element or a graphical feature in the displayed model. The prompt bar contains an instruction which prompts you to perform a graphical selection. You are not able to enter Model Editor mode whilst in EDG mode (and vice versa). In Model Editor mode, one or more elements can be selected, and those elements can be moved or rotated dynamically by dragging with the mouse pointer. The prompt bar contains the prompt Modify :. Manipulating the Design model in Model Editor mode is described in Chapter 4. In this User Guide, a 3D View that can be switched into Model Editor mode is called a 3D Model Editor View. PDMS Design normally starts with a 3D Model Editor View shown. New 3D Model Editor Views can be created by selecting Display>Graphical View from the menu bar, or by using the Create button on the 3D View Control form (Display>View
Control). : The 3D View Window; Creating 3D View Windows; Controlling Multiple 3D Views
3-1
3.2
the View menu on the main menu bar the 3D View , obtained by clicking on the 3D View background with the right mouse button buttons located next to the 3D view on a 3D View Window function keys on the keyboard menus on Design items direct manipulation of the 3D view using the mouse.
This section describes the 3D View Window manipulation operations. Many of these operations can be accessed using more than one method. The View menu selections are introduced, along with a note on other methods that may be used to invoke the same operations.
3.2.1
View menu
3D View
3-2
The Middle Button Drag menu is used to set the action of subsequent middle mouse button drag operations on a 3D View. The model displayed in a 3D View can be zoomed, rotated or panned (according the menu option selected) by pressing the middle mouse button or mouse wheel over the 3D View and moving the mouse. Middle mouse button drag operations can also be set using function keys and buttons on the 3D View: F2 for Zoom In/Out, F3 for Pan and F5 for Rotate. [Note: Walk mode is inactive unless the 3D view is displayed in perspective.]
: Using the Mouse to Control the View; The 3D View Window
>Zoom Rectangle
Enables you to perform a zoom-in operation by dragging out a rectangle around the volume required to fill the 3D View.
: How to Zoom In on the View
>Zoom In/Out
Enables you, with the middle mouse button held down, to magnify or reduce the view by moving the mouse up (away from you) to zoom in, or down (towards you) to zoom out. The middle mouse button can be set in this mode by using the View main menu, the View , the Zoom In/Out button on the 3D View Window and the F2 button on the keyboard.
>Rotate
In this mode, hold down the middle button and move the mouse up/down to rotate the view vertically or left/right to rotate the view horizontally. The initial movement determines the axis of rotation; to rotate about the other axis, release and press again the middle button.
3-3
The middle mouse button can be set in this mode by using the View main menu, the View, the Rotate button on the 3D View Window and the F5 button on the keyboard.
> Pan
Lets you move across the view in any direction. In this mode, hold down the middle button and move the mouse towards the part of the view that you want to see. The middle mouse button can be set in this mode by using the View main menu, the View, the Pan button on the 3D View Window and the F3 button on the keyboard.
> Walk
Selects walkthrough mode, in which the eye point moves towards or away from the model (only works in perspective views). In this mode, hold down the middle button and move the mouse up to walk towards the model or down to walk away from the model. The middle mouse button can be set in this mode by using the View main menu, the View, the Walk button on the 3D View Window and the F6 button on the keyboard.
: The General View Menu
Printing the 3D View The content of the active 3D View Window can be output to a printer by clicking on View>Print Graphics This displays a standard Windows Print form, giving you the ability to select a printer, set the number of copies to produce, and set properties of the print. Copying the 3D View to the Windows Paste Buffer
The content of the active 3D View Window can by copied to the Windows paste buffer by clicking on one of the View>Copy Image options. The options 640x480 up to 1600x1200 refer to the resolution of the image copied to the paste buffer.
3-4
The copied image can be pasted into another Windows application that supports picture objects, such as a Word Processor or picture-editing package. Zoom To
Zoom To zooms and pans the 3D View to get the required part of the 3D
>Selection
The current element, or the graphical selection if one exists, fills the 3D View.
>Identify Element
This allows you to centre the view on an identified element in the graphics, and zooms the view such that the identified element fills the 3D View window. Note: Identifying an element with a pointer pick in this way does not set the selected element to be the Current Element.
This centres the view on the centre point of the entire draw list and zooms the view so that all the elements in the display list fill the 3D View window. Walk To
Walk To zooms and pans the 3D View to get the required part of the 3D model to fill the view. Walk To differs from Zoom To in that it removes
items between your eye position and the target item that are not in the immediate vicinity of the target item. Items in the immediate vicinity of the target will continue to be displayed, so it may be necessary to remove items still obscuring the target item by removing them from the Draw List.
3-5
Save View stores the current state of a 3D view so that the view direction and magnification can be restored when required. Up to four views can be saved at any one time. Restore View allows you to select a saved view and change the active 3D
view settings to the saved values. Any of the views 1 to 4 that do not contain saved view details are greyed out.
Views can also be restored by using the Restore View buttons on the left side of the 3D View Window (see section 0). Look, Plan and Isometric
Look
Lets you select any of the four isometric views. Set Centre Of View
Set Centre Of View allows you to pan the 3D view such that the identified
>Selection
This centres the 3D view on the current element, or on the graphical selection if one exists.
3-6
>Identified Element
This allows you to centre the 3D view on an element picked with the mouse pointer. Note: Identifying an element with a pick in this way does not set the picked element to be the Current Element.
>Screen Pick
This allows you to identify a position (which could be in free space) in a 3D view to become the centre of view. Clicking on the 3D view with the middle mouse button also performs this operation. Settings
The View>Settings menu appears on the main View menu only. It is not on the view .
>Eye, >Shaded, >Borders and >Perspective
These menu commands control the Eye, Shaded, Borders and Perspective modes.
: The General View menu >Black Background and >White Background
Sets the background colour of the currently active 3D View to black or white. Black is recommended as the standard working colour for the view background. White can be the best choice of background colour if a 3D view is to be printed, or its contents copied to another application. Other 3D view background colours can be set by using the 3D View Options form found under Settings>Graphics, 3D Views tab, and the 3D View Control form found under Display>View Control.
3-7
This feature can be used to toggle between high and standard quality images of the Design model. A high quality image is slower to draw and manipulate than a standard quality one. This option does not affect the Arc Tolerance property on the Representation tab of the Graphics Settings form. This is an independent property that allows you to control the display quality of some of the more complex elements in PDMS.
: The Graphics Settings Form >Show Tooltips
This feature toggles a Tooltip function. If enabled, the name of the element under the mouse pointer is displayed in the Tooltip.
>Animations
This feature toggles smooth pan and zoom operations in 3D View when the Zoom To and Walk To options are used. The zoom operation is animated to show the transition from the original view definition to the final view definition. This feature only operates if the system determines that the hardware is capable of performing a smooth pan and zoom with the size of model displayed in the 3D View.
: The General View menu
Zoom out
3-8
In both cases, holding down the or Ctrl key at the same time as rolling the mouse wheel controls the speed of the operation. Holding the Ctrl key key down makes the mouse wheel zoom in and out faster. Holding the down makes the mouse wheel zoom in and out slower.
(Equipment Selected) (Piping Component Selected) The following viewing options are available on a design item:
: The Design Item in Model Editor Mode
3-9
Menu Option
Description Removes the Movement Handle (if present) from the Equipment item, allowing only Equipment editing functions to be carried out. (The Movement Handle can be reinstated if required by doubleclicking on the icon on the main toolbar. See Chapter 5 for more details of Equipment Editing mode.) (Piping Components only). Selects Components connected to the selected Component. (Piping Components only). Selects Components in the same pipe leg as the selected Component. (Piping Components only). Selects the owning Branch. (Piping Components only). Selects the owning Pipe. Clears the current graphical selection. Clears the graphical selection of the current element (but leaving the rest of the elements in the selection selected (for example, Components in a selected Branch)). Removes the graphical selection from the display, but does not remove it from the drawlist Remove the graphical selection from the drawlist (Piping Component selected) Switch back to 3D Movement Handle (see below for further details). Centres the view on the current graphical selection, or on the current element if there is no graphical selection. The current element or graphical selection fills the graphics window Same as Zoom To except that Walk To removes any item between your eye position and the target object if that item is not in the immediate vicinity of the target item.
Edit >Equipment
De-Select Current
Zoom To
Walk To
3-10
Note:
Selecting a Piping Component while in Model Edit mode causes the Graphical Component Modification facilities to be entered, see Chapter 6. The Use 3D Handle menu selection switches from the Graphical Component Modification Handle to the 3D Movement Handle.
3-11
3-12
4
4.1
The Model Editor is a mode of operation in Design which enables you to reposition selected Plant Items using the mouse pointer. You enter Model Editor mode by clicking the Model Editor button on the toolbar, and return from the Model Editor to Design Navigate mode by clicking the button again. Alternatively, the Edit>Model Editor menu selection may be used to enter and leave Model Editor mode. In this user guide, a 3D View that can be switched into Model Editor mode is called a 3D Model Editor View. See Chapter 3 for details of the 3D Model Editor View. The features described here for selecting, moving and rotating items by using the mouse are available only in the Model Editor.
4-1
4-2
The Locator Handle is a collection of individual graphical manipulation handles grouped together. The Locator Handle can be used to drag the entire Graphical Selection to a new position or rotate the entire Graphical Selection through an angle about a selected axis. This combination of direct graphical manipulation handles offers you the ability to move selected items constrained in a direction or to lie in a plane, or rotate the selection about an axis. See section 4.3 for details of using the locator handle.
4-3
4.1.3 Movement
A Graphical Selection is moved using linear and planar handles on the Locator Handle, or by using the Edit menu. Dragging a linear or planar handle with the mouse pointer moves the current Graphical Selection. The movement is made in steps, the size of which can be controlled by you (the Movement Increment). This allows the Graphical Selection to be positioned accurately in relation to its original position. The Graphical Selection can be moved until it is aligned with another item in the display by using Locator Handle s, the Edit menu, or by dragging with Feature Identification mode switched on (see section 4.1.5).
Clicking and dragging one of the three Linear Movement Handles constrains the movement of the selection to be in the direction of the selected axis.
Clicking and dragging one of the three Planar Movement Handles constrains the movement of the selection to be in the plane of the selected planar handle.
4-4
4.1.4 Rotation
The Graphical Selection is rotated using a Rotation handle. The selection rotates in angular steps as it is dragged with the mouse, the size of which can be controlled by you (the Rotation Increment). This allows the Graphical Selection to be rotated accurately from its original orientation. The Graphical Selection can be rotated until an axis of the Locator Handle is aligned with another item in the display by using Locator Handle s, or by dragging with Feature Identification switched on (see section 4.1.5).
Clicking and dragging one of the three Rotation Handles constrains the rotation of the selection to be about the axis corresponding to the selected rotation handle.
4-5
Rotation Handles
4.1.5 Alignment
The Graphical Selection can be moved or rotated until it aligns with a point, P-point, P-line or straight line (edge) in the model. In this document, the target points and lines are called features.
The origin of the Locator Handle is the reference datum for aligning the Graphical Selection.
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4.1.7 Feedback
The locator handle changes shape to show movement or rotation constraints. Movement and rotation feedback for freehand operations is displayed both in the 3D View and on the status bar. This allows both world position and displacement from the starting position to be shown. The distance values are output in the style and units set on the Current Session Units form.
: The Current Session Units form
If feature alignment is in use, feedback is given on features as the mouse pointer passes over them, and graphical feedback is provided to help achieve the correct alignment in a 3D model.
4-7
Notes: Undo/Redo operations can also take place outside of Model Editor Mode. If the Undo operation involves moving into or out of Model Editing mode, then the switch into that mode happens automatically, and the Model Editor button and menu option reflect the change. The selection set and handle appropriate to the editing operation that was being used will also be restored. Other undoables (operations or sequences of operations that can be undone) can be defined as a PML undoable object see the VANTAGE Plant Design Software Customisation Guide.
4.1.10 Performance
The speed of interactive selection and dragging operations is dependent on both the specification of the hardware being used, and on the complexity of the model displayed in the 3D View. Generally, it is advisable to minimise the size and complexity of the displayed model in order to obtain good interactive feedback from the system. Performance tips when using Model Editor: Display only those elements that are necessary for the modification that you are performing. As you drag a graphical selection on the screen, the display is continuously redrawn. Avoid using large graphical selections. It may be better to make bulk moves in small groups. Avoid drawing the model with high levels of detail. For example, do not display the model with holes drawn; do not use a fine arc tolerance. Avoid drawing the model with P-points switched on.
4.2
picking with the mouse pointer dragging a rectangular fence around items to be selected using selection operations to select related groups of items clearing the Graphical Selection.
4-8
The Design database elements that can be selected and modified using the Model Editor are listed in section 4.7.
Single click on an unselected item creates a new Graphical Selection containing that one item. Single Ctrl-click on an unselected item to add it to the current Graphical Selection. Single Ctrl-click on a selected item to remove it from the current Graphical Selection. Picking implied tube, or using a Select Leg operation on a Piping Item (see section 4.2.4), selects a Pipe leg. Using the Ctrl key with a Pipe leg selection adds to the Graphical Selection if an unselected item is picked. Ctrl with selected implied tube pick removes the Pipe leg.
4-9
Note that Ctrl with a selection on a selected item does not remove the selection from the list.
Fence selection can be carried out with either the right or left mouse button. The Within setting is achieved from a right mouse button fence select see below. Fence select using the left mouse button Drag a rectangle surrounding the items to be selected by pressing the left mouse button down at one corner of the rectangle, and drag the mouse pointer to the opposite corner. The selection takes place when the mouse button is released. The items selected depend on the current Within setting see Fence Select using the right mouse button below. The illustrations below show the effects of each selection.
selection rectangle
4-10
Pressing the Esc key during the drag aborts the selection. Fence Select using the right mouse button Drag a rectangle surrounding the items to be selected by pressing the right mouse button down at one corner of the rectangle, and drag the mouse pointer to the opposite corner. The menu shown in the picture below appears when the mouse button is released.
The selection takes place when one of the options on the menu is selected. Pressing the Esc key during the drag or prior to selecting from the menu aborts the selection. Clicking away from the selection or selecting Cancel on the menu also aborts the selection. Adding to an existing Graphical Selection with a fence selection Holding the Ctrl key down while performing a fence selection adds the selected items to the existing Graphical Selection.
4-11
Removing selected items from an existing Graphical Selection with a fence selection Holding the key down while performing a fence selection removes the selected items from the existing Graphical Selection.
Select Branch The Select BRAN option selects the owning Branch, highlighting it with a green line:
4-12
Select Pipe The Select An Owner>PIPE option selects the owning Pipe, highlighting it with a green line:
Select Attached Steelwork Sections The Select> options on a Steelwork Section have a similar function to that with Piping Components.
If a Column Section is selected, then Select>SBFR selects all of the Columns in the owning Subframework.
4-13
If a Beam Section is selected, then Select>SBFR selects all of the Beams in the owning Subframework. In both cases, Select >FRMW . . . selects the owning Framework.
4-14
Feature Highlighting Enables or disables Feature Identification Mode. Feature Identification Mode is described in section 4.3. If the mouse pointer is over a 3D Model Editor view, and the Model Editor is active, pressing the F key on the keyboard toggles between feature identification mode being switched on or off. Set Increments increments:
Set Increments shows a form for setting the active movement or rotation
The Linear increment is specified in the currently active units, or units can be specified by using PDMS units of measure syntax.
: The Set Increments form
Set Handle Colour Allows you to change the colour of the Locator Handle. The list of available colours is shown on the submenu. Drag Image During a drag operation using the Locator Handle, an image of the Graphical Selection follows a constrained path defined by the current
4-15
mouse pointer position. The style of feedback for all items in the Graphical Selection can be selected from the submenu list. Select Rectangle Sets the mode of operation of Select Rectangle on the left mouse button to be Wholly Within or Wholly And Partially Within.
4.3
This section describes how to move or rotate the current Graphical Selection using the Locator Handle.
4.3.1 Overview
The Locator Handle provides three ways to move or rotate a Graphical Selection:
dragging the linear, planar or rotation handles freehand with the mouse pointer aligning with points, P-points, P-lines or straight lines (edges) on other displayed plant items typing in offset distance or angular displacement values
4-16
Aligning the Graphical Selection with points or lines on other displayed items When aligning a Graphical Selection with other plant items in the displayed model, you enter feature identification mode, where the mouse pointer is sensitive to finding features on the Design graphics. Features are points, straight lines (edges), P-points or P-lines. Points are located at vertices on the model, such as the corner of a box, and at the mid-point of lines. Lines are straight edges on the model (Design Aid graphics cannot be used as a feature). Feature identification mode is turned on and off by selecting Feature Highlighting on the Selection menu, or by pressing the F key when the mouse pointer is over a 3D Model Editor View, and the Model Editor is active. Some operations turn on feature identification mode temporarily to allow you to pick a feature. For example, Edit>Move Selection>Snap To Point. Once the required feature is identified, the mode reverts to its state before the command was actioned. Aligning the Locator Handle with features in the model is described in sections 4.3.2 - 4.3.4. Automatic scrolling If the target location for a drag operation is outside of the 3D view, the mouse pointer can be moved to an edge of the view, where the view will pan automatically up, down, left or right according to the 3D view edge that the mouse pointer hits. The mouse pointer must move in order for the panning to continue. This may necessitate you making a small movement of the pointer near to the view edge to keep the pan operation going. This technique for panning the view is appropriate for locating a target position that is just out of view.
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The Linear Movement handle allows you to move the Graphical Selection constrained in the direction of the linear handle axis. The size of each step of the movement is defined by the current movement increment. Dragging a linear handle with the left mouse button moves the Locator Handle and Graphical Selection in the direction of the linear handle. To initiate a linear drag, press the left mouse button down over one of the linear movement handles. With the left button still pressed, moving the mouse drags the Graphical Selection constrained in the selected direction, in steps defined by the movement increment. Moving one movement increment at a time If the movement increment is small relative to the magnification of the 3D view, it can be difficult to move the mouse freehand to a precise displacement from the Locator Handles original position. Fine control over positioning can be achieved by dragging with a linear handle so that it is close to the required position then, while continuing to hold down the mouse button, press the plus (+) or minus (-) key on the numeric keypad. This moves the Graphical Selection by one movement increment in the direction of the linear handle if + is pressed, or in the opposite direction if - is pressed. Using the arrow keys in this way moves the Graphical Selection by 0.1 of the current movement increment for each press of the key. Feedback When moving a selection in a constrained direction, the Locator Handle changes to a cut-down version of the full handle to show the direction of movement, as shown below. The current World position of the Locator
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Handle is displayed on the status bar, and an offset from the original position of the handle is displayed on the 3D View.
Feedback on distance
As the mouse moves over a linear handle, the pointer symbol changes to the linear drag pointer. A Linear Handle has the following movement operations on its shortcut menu:
Enter Value
The field corresponding to the selected axis is activated for input. In this case, entering 2500 in the X field tells the Graphical Selection to move by 2500mm in the X direction of the Locator Handle.
: The Move Selection form
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Repositioning a Graphical Selection to align with a Nozzle using the linear handle and feature alignment
This method allows you to position the Graphical Selection in relation to another object on the screen, but forces the Graphical Selection to move only along the selected axis. The sequence of operations is as follows: 1. Make a Graphical Selection. Optional: Position the Locator Handle at the required datum position. 2. Select Align with Feature on the linear handle . 3. Move the mouse to the target feature. This highlights the target feature, and the mouse pointer changes shape to indicate that the Graphical Selection will be aligned with the target position if the mouse button is clicked. 4. Click the left mouse button to move the Graphical Selection to the target position. Linear drag can align with a point feature or a line feature.
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Point feature Alignment When positioning the Graphical Selection to a point feature, the origin of the Locator Handle is aligned with the target point such that the target point is projected onto the line of movement. This situation is illustrated below (in two dimensions):
New position of Locator Handle Origin
Direction of drag
Alignment with a Line or P-line Feature There are two cases to consider: Selected line feature is orthogonal to the line of movement If the line selected line feature is orthogonal to the line of movement, then the feature line is treated as a feature point. Any position along the feature line projects onto the same point on the movement line. Selected line feature not orthogonal to the line of movement If the line selected line feature is not orthogonal to the line of movement, then the intersection of the extended feature line with the line of movement becomes the new Locator Handle origin position. If the extended feature line and the movement line do not intersect in 3D, then the point chosen is the nearest point on the line of movement to the extended feature line. This situation is illustrated below (in two dimensions):
New position of Locator Handle Origin
Direction of drag
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Alignment with a P-point Feature There are two cases to consider: P-point as point feature A P-point feature may be treated as a point feature, and works as described above for points. P-point as a Line feature A P-point has a direction, which is indicated by the arrow on a P-point feature symbol. If the mouse pointer is moved over the P-point arrow, then the intersection of the P-point direction with the line of movement becomes the new Locator Handle origin position. If the P-point direction and the movement line do not intersect in 3D, then the point chosen is the nearest point on the line of movement to a line projected from the Ppoint position in the P-point direction. The following pictures illustrate the difference between P-point as a point and P-point as a line:
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Snap To Point
feature. The Graphical Selection is not constrained to move along the direction of the Linear Handle. This is described in section 4.4.
Move Handle
The Move Handle submenu provides the same movement commands as the main Linear Handle menu, but these commands move the Locator Handle only. They do not move the Graphical Selection. The Locator Handle may be moved independently of the Graphical Selection in order to change the datum position for the next operation on the Graphical Selection.
To initiate a planar drag, you press the left mouse button down over one of the planar movement handles. With the left button still pressed, moving the mouse drags the Graphical Selection constrained in the selected plane, in steps defined by the movement increment. Feedback A triangle is displayed on the current constraint plane, between the original position of the handle and the current position. The relative movement distances are shown on the sides of the triangle. The current
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World position of the Locator Handle is displayed on the status bar. All values are shown in the current selected units. The Locator Handle changes to a simple version of the full handle to show the plane of movement as shown below.
Locator handle reduces to the planar handle and two linear drag handles in the drag plane
As the mouse moves over a planar handle the pointer symbol changes to the planar drag symbol. A Planar Handle has the following movement operations on its shortcut menu:
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Enter Values
The fields corresponding to the selected plane are activated for input. In this case, entering 8000 in the X field and 4000 in the Z field tells the Graphical Selection to move by X8000mm Z4000mm in the XZ plane of the Locator Handle.
: The Move Selection form
This facility allows you to position the Graphical Selection in relation to another object on the screen, but forces the Graphical Selection to move only in the selected plane. The sequence of operations is as follows: 1. Make a Graphical Selection. Optional: Position the Locator Handle at the required datum position.
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2. Select Align with Feature from the planar handle. 3. Move the mouse to the target feature. A marker appears at the target point, and the mouse pointer changes shape to indicate that the Graphical Selection will be aligned with the target position if the left mouse button is clicked. 4. Click the left mouse button to move the Graphical Selection to the target position. Point feature Alignment When positioning the Graphical Selection to a point feature, the origin of the Locator Handle is aligned with the target point such that the target point is projected onto the plane of movement. For example, the picture above shows the target P1 P-point position being projected onto the plane of movement of the Graphical Selection. Alignment with a Line or P-line Feature If a planar move is to be aligned with a line feature, then the Locator Handle origin is placed where the extended feature line or P-point direction intersects with the movement plane. For example, in the following picture, the handrail is dragged in a horizontal plane, with the bottom of the first post positioned where the top of the stringer intersects with the plane. The feature selected is an edge on the top of the stringer.
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Snap To Point Snap To Point allows the Graphical Selection to be moved to a Point
feature. The Graphical Selection is not constrained to move in the plane of the Linear Handle. This is described in section 4.4.
Move Handle
The Move Handle submenu provides the same movement commands as the main Planar Handle menu, but these commands move the Locator Handle only. They do not move the Graphical Selection. The Locator Handle may be moved independently of the Graphical Selection in order to change the datum position for the next operation on the Graphical Selection.
The rotation handles allow you to rotate the Graphical Selection around the relevant axis using the current angular increment to control the angular step size. Dragging a Rotation handle with the left mouse button rotates the handle and the Graphical Selection about the axis of rotation. To perform a rotation, press the left mouse button over the relevant rotation handle. With the left button still depressed, drag the mouse to perform the rotation.
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Feedback The angular movement from the original orientation is shown as the Locator Handle is rotated. The angular displacement is also shown in the status bar.
Locator handle reduces to linear handles and the rotation handle. Axis orientation
As the mouse moves over a rotation handle, the pointer symbol changes to the rotation drag symbol, and half of the Rotation Handle arc changes to show two arrows. This feedback indicates which of the axes will be aligned with a feature when feature alignment is used. Rotation Handle A Rotation Handle has the following movement operations on its shortcut menu:
Enter Value
This allows the Graphical Selection to be rotated about one of the Locator Handle axes.
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Rotating an elbow to align with a Nozzle using a rotation handle and feature alignment
The sequence of operations is as follows: 1. Make a Graphical Selection Optional: Position the Locator Handle at the required datum position 2. Select Orient to Point from the Rotation handle 3. Move the mouse to the target point. The mouse pointer changes to indicate that a point has been located, and the axis is directed towards the point. 4. Click the primary mouse button to rotate the Graphical Selection to the target orientation.
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Rotating a pump to align with a flange using a rotation handle and feature alignment
The sequence of operations is as follows: 1. Make a Graphical Selection Optional: Position the Locator Handle at the required datum position 2. Select Align with Direction from the Rotation Handle . 3. Move the mouse to the target line (edge) or P-point direction. The mouse pointer symbol changes to indicate that the axis will be directed parallel to the edge. If the Graphical Selection is shown 180 degrees out of alignment, press the key to get the alternate alignment. On a P-point, this can be achieved by choosing one of the arrows on the P-point feature. 4. Click the left mouse button to rotate the Graphical Selection to the target orientation.
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Align with
Rotates the selection until the chosen axis points in the given direction. The Graphical Selection is rotated about one of the Locator handle axes, such that the chosen axis points as close to the direction specified as possible.
: The Enter Direction For form Rotate handle
The Rotate Handle submenu provides the same rotation commands as the main Rotation Handle menu, but these commands rotate the Locator Handle only. They do not rotate the Graphical Selection. The Locator Handle may be rotated independently of the Graphical Selection in order to change the frame of reference for the next operation on the Graphical Selection.
Rotate Handle>To World
This command aligns the Locator Handle with the World co-ordinate system, without rotating the Graphical Selection. The Locator Handle Y axis points North, and the Z axis points Up.
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If the Graphical Selection is dragged using the Locator Handle while Feature Highlighting is on, it aligns itself with key features on the displayed model as the mouse pointer passes over them. See the sections on Linear, Planar and Rotation Handles for a description of how feature highlighting works for each handle. There is an alternative method to select a feature. Moving the mouse over the 3D model without dragging the locator handle still highlights features. Pressing the right mouse button over a highlighted feature shows a menu that allows the Graphical Selection or the Locator Handle to be moved to the selected position.
Selecting Move Handle Here in the picture above moves the handle to the selected point. In order to select features of a plant item, it is necessary to move the mouse pointer over the item before features are shown. In most cases, the target P-point or P-line lies on, or inside, a plant item, so selecting a feature is straightforward. In the few cases where the P-point or P-line is outside of the plant item, or partly obscured by another item in the scene, it is necessary to make sure that the mouse pointer first passes over the associated plant item.
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VANTAGE PDMS Version 11.6 Graphical Model Manipulation Guide
On steelwork items with P-lines, the JUSL P-line is shown as a feature. Feature identification:
The Locator Handle can be moved to features on selected or unselected items. The Graphical Selection cannot be moved to a reference point on selected items, because the selected items are shown in their new location when a reference point is found. Cancelling the drag At any point of the move, you can cancel the drag operation by pressing the Esc key. This is a standard way of cancelling a drag operation on Windows. When the drag is cancelled the selection reverts to its original position and remains selected.
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4.4
Move Selection moves the Graphical Selection. Move Handle moves the Locator Handle only. The three operations described below apply to both Move Selection and Move Handle. Move Selection/Handle>Offset in 3D
The Graphical Selection can be moved relative to its original position, in the co-ordinate system of the Locator Handle. The position of the Graphical Selection only changes if OK is clicked.
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This form shows the current position of the Locator Handle in World coordinates. Changing the settings and clicking OK moves the selection to the specified world co-ordinates.
: Set Position Of Selection form
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This facility allows you to position the Graphical Selection at a selected position in relation to another object on the screen. The sequence of operations is: 1. Add one or more plant items into a Graphical Selection Optional: Position the Locator Handle at the required datum position 2. Select Move Selection/Handle>Snap to Point from the Edit menu 3. Move the mouse pointer to the target position. The pointer changes to indicate that the Graphical Selection will snap to the target feature 4. Click the left mouse button to move the Graphical Selection to the target position.
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Locator Handle only. The four operations described below apply to both Rotate Selection and Rotate Handle. Rotate Selection/Handle>To World
Rotate Selection rotates the Graphical Selection. Rotate Handle rotates the
This operation reorientates the Locator Handle and Graphical Selection such that the Y axis of the Locator Handle points in the World North direction, and the Z axis points in the World Up direction. Rotate Selection/Handle>About X/Y/Z These three operation show the Rotate Selection/Handle About axis form for the selected axis.
This allows the Graphical Selection to be rotated about one of the Locator Handle axes.
: Rotate Selection About form
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4.5
The ease with which you can manipulate the model using the graphical techniques provided in PDMS Design makes the provision of an undo facility a natural requirement. There are three types of activity that are recognised while you are in Model Editor mode. For each of these, the current state is saved before the change in order that it may be restored by a subsequent Undo. Changes to the database as a result of manipulating the Graphical Selection either by direct graphical manipulation or from the context sensitive menus can be undone. (The selection set and the position/orientation of the Locator Handle are also restored.) There are two ways you may undo an activity: Using the standard Undo and Redo icons ( toolbar. ) in the main
Using the Undo and Redo options on the Edit pull-down menu.
You may step back through undo states one at a time. Following an undo, you can then choose to redo the sequence, stepping forward one state at a time until the sequence of changes that were undone are restored. If you do one or more "undos" and then save a new state, the redo option is no longer available and the corresponding icons/menu options become inactive. Switching between applications in Design causes the Modify mode button to be switched off and the undo/redo states to be re-initialised.
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Note:
Undo/Redo operations can also take place outside of Model Editor Mode. If the Undo operation involves moving into or out of Model Editing mode, then the switch into that mode happens automatically, and the Model Editor button and menu option will reflect the change. The selection set and handle appropriate to the editing operation that was being used are also restored. Other undoables (operations or sequences of operations that can be undone) can be defined as a PML undoable object see the VANTAGE Plant Design Software Customisation Guide.
4.6
Delete Selection
the Graphical Selection. This operation is only available while a Graphical Selection exists. Note: You will be asked to confirm the deletion.
Delete Selection on the Edit menu deletes from the database all items in
4.7
Selectable Items
The following table lists element types that can be selected and modified using the Model Editor. Note that some types of element can be modified if they belong to an administrative element such as a ZONE or FRMW, but they cannot be individually modified if they belong to a Plant Item. For example, A SCTN element can be selected and moved if it belongs to a FRMW or SBFR element, but not if it belongs to a TMPL element. Note: for additional notes on the selection of Equipment and Piping Components, see Chapters 5 and 6 respectively.
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Plant Item EQUIPMENT PIPE (and CABLE TRAY) PIPE/CABLE TRAY BRANCH Pipe component HVAC HVAC BRANCH HVAC component HANGERS RESTRAINT HANGER PIPE TRACK ROUTING PLANE
SITE>ZONE>PIPE using the Select Owners operation SITE>ZONE>PIPE>BRAN using Select Owners operation SITE>ZONE>PIPE>BRAN>(any component)
SITE>ZONE>HVAC using Select Owners operation SITE>ZONE>HVAC>BRAN using Select Owners operation SITE>ZONE>HVAC>BRAN>(any component)
PIPE>REST & HVAC>REST using Select Owners operation PIPE>REST>HANG & HVAC>REST>HANG SITE>ZONE>PTRA SITE>ZONE>RPLA or SITE>ZONE>STRU>RPLA RPLA also exists under EQUI, PTRA, SUBE, SUBS RPLA is NOT a significant element in these situations
PENALTY VOLUME
SITE>ZONE>PVOL or SITE>
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Plant Item
Selectable Elements ZONE>STRU>PVOL Note: PVOL also exists under EQUI, PTRA, SUBE, SUBS PVOL is not a significant Model Editor element in these situations
STRUCTURES Primitive owned directly by STRU SUBSTRUCTURE FRAMEWORK SUBFRAMEWORK Collection of FLOOR Collection of WALL Collection of SCREED SITE>ZONE>STRU>(Primitive) SITE>ZONE>STRU>SUBS STRU>FRMW using Select Owners operation STRU>FRMW>SBFR using Select Owners operation STRU>FRMW>CFLOOR using Select Owners operation STRU>FRMW>CWALL using Select Owners operation STRU>FRMW>CSCREED using Select Owners operation
Note: The following elements may be owned by FRMW, SBFR, CFLOOR, CWALL or CSCREED GENSEC WALL PANEL FLOOR GWALL SCREED PNODE SCTN STWALL PALJ DRAW GENSEC WALL PANE FLOOR GWALL SCREED PNOD SCTN STWALL PALJ SITE>DRAW or SITE>ZONE>DRAW
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Plant Item
Selectable Elements Note: DRAW also exists under EQUI, PTRA, SUBE, SUBS DRAW is NOT a significant element in these situations. See selection rules for those element types
Note that the Model Editor does not work with Design Template elements in the Template World. It is not possible to selected elements owned by a TPWL>TMAR>TMPL hierarchy.
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5
5.1
GEM gives menu options which facilitate the graphical modification of an Equipment item and its offspring, down to primitive level.
5-1
5.2
Clicking on a primitive which itself contains primitives causes the other Equipment primitives to become translucent. Negative primitives are drawn in wireline.
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5-3
5-4
6
6.1
rotation about the tube centre line constrained positioning along the path of the pipe route:
o o
6-1
Components can only be repositioned where there is sufficient space to fit them in the route automatic reorder of the elements within the hierarchy to suit the new position within the pipe route the ability to reposition the handle within the constraints of the Component selection set (along the centreline of the pipe) the initial orientation of a selection should be maintained where possible undo/redo changes.
The system does not try and resolve any inconsistencies that may occur from the repositioning of a Component. For example if a Reducer is moved into another leg of a Branch, the Components and tube between the Reducers original position and its new position in the Branch remain the same. Note: in the above case, if a Component is moved across a Reducer, the Component is not automatically reselected from the Specification; this must be done manually.
GCM is enabled automatically by first entering Model Edit mode and then selecting of a Piping Component or a sequential set of Components which are within the same leg of a Pipe Branch, and provided the selection set has certain characteristics. GCM is exited either by leaving Model Edit mode or by selecting another element that breaks the rules for displaying the Component Modification handle.
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6.2
A single Piping Component which does not cause the Branch to change direction, i.e. the Component has a parallel Arrive and Leave direction:
Selected Component
A sequential set of Piping Components which lie within the same leg of a Branch, i.e. there is no change in direction or a bad alignment exists in the leg:
Selected Components
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By default the origin of the initial Component identified to define a selection is used to position the handle. Picking a Component already within the selection set moves the handle to the origin of the identified element:
Origin of Component and Handle Selected Component
However, selecting an item in the selection with the primary mouse button does not change the position of the handle; it only shows the appropriate selection for the identified item.
6.3
Operations in GCM
The Component Modification Handle has two parts:
the Movement Handle this is used to move the selected Components along the path of the pipe route the Rotation Handle used to rotate the selected Components about the centreline of the primary Component.
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Rotation Handle
Movement Handle
6.4
6.4.1 Dragging
The handle can be dragged by using either using primary or secondary mouse buttons. The legs that the selection can be dragged into are highlighted with a turquoise line (see above figure). By default, the handle moves in multiples of the currently defined linear increments see section 4.2.7. When dragging using the secondary mouse button, you are presented with a context-sensitive menu on button up. The menu displays the available options which relate to the drag and when in a special action mode (e.g. feature highlighting, see section 6.4.2), the target, if applicable. If no special actions are active, you are given the option to accept the new position or cancel the operation and the handle and selection return to their original position.
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Identified Feature
Where there is more than one position solution, the system has default behaviour to derive the initial position (see section 6.5.2 for further details). However, it is possible to cycle through the possible positions and choose the desired one. The P hotkey is used for this. Subsequent feature identification within the same drag uses the last solution type to derive the position, where possible. If there is no position solution to the feature selection, the system reverts to its default behaviour.
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Pointer symbol
Horizontal Solution
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Nudge Direction
Inline Component
6.5
6.5.1 Dragging
The Rotation Handle (and the graphical selection it is attached to) can be dragged by either the primary or secondary mouse buttons, and allows a full 360 rotation about the centreline of the pipe. The legs that the selection can be dragged into are highlighted with a turquoise line (see above figure). Dragging the handle with the secondary mouse button is the same as using the primary mouse button, but presents you with a context6-8
VANTAGE PDMS Version 11.6 Graphical Model Manipulation Guide
sensitive menu which relates to the direction and rotation of the handle, see section 6.8.
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(Arrive of Selection)
(Leave of Selection)
6.6
6-10
Where there is tube adjacent to the selected Components, then the length of the selected Components and the adjacent tube is taken to be a continuous segment. 2. The tube between two adjacent Components must parallel to the Arrive and Leave directions of the adjacent Components. As the repositioning of Components does not reselect the adjacent Components or elements, this allows for the instances where the selected Components are included into a segment of pipe which has a different bore, but which still allows the Components to be moved.
By default where there are no obstructions or changes of directions within a line, the Components being moved will move using the currently defined linear increments. When an extremity of the selection of Components is coincident with or passes the approach side of an obstruction or change in direction (i.e. a
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Bend or Elbow), the leading extremity of the selection snaps to the approach of the obstruction.
Direction of Movement
Obstruction
Where a selection is snapped to a Component, feedback is given to inform you that this has taken place. Where the selection has snapped to an obstruction or change in direction, the movement will stop until the pointer passes over a valid segment of tube, at which point the selection moves to the new segment of pipe, or until the pointer movement implies that you want to drag the selection past the obstruction or change in direction. The selection will only move past the obstruction or change in direction, where there is sufficient tube to move the Components and when the mapped position of the pointer is at least the distance from the origin of the handle to the opposite extremity of the selection.
Direction of Movement
Note:
in this case the position of the pointer mapped onto the centreline of the tube is the position of the origin of the handle. When the selection is first dragged, the mapped position of the pointer is with respect to the handle.
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Initial Drag
After Snap
Where the selection is moved past the obstruction or change in direction by identifying a segment of tube, the selection will be moved so that the handle is at the mapped position of the pointer.
If the distance between the pointer and the handle is less than the distance from the handle to the extremity of the selection, the selection is snapped to the exit of the obstruction or change in direction passed. The pointer retains its relative offset from the handle position.
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Direction of Movement
Where a selections movement is impeded by a change in direction, the selection only moves around the bend when the pointer crosses the tube of the next leg, as illustrated or where the pointer movement is changed so that it follows the next leg of the pipe. Pointer movement parallel to the leg the selection is in does not move the selection around a change in direction.
Offsetting the Selection You can offset the Component selection set along the segment of Pipe it is currently in. You access the offset options from the popup menu available on the handle, see section 6.8. Each option presents you with a form which allows you to enter a positive or negative value. You can also preview the specified move before committing the change. The side of the movement handle at which the pop-up is displayed determines the effect of a positive or negative offset:
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Offsetting is not allowed where it moves either extremity of the selected Components out of the current segment of pipe. An appropriate error message is displayed:
Feature Highlighting Feature highlighting allows you to position the handle using other elements within the model. Feature highlighting is accessed using popup menus or hotkeys, see sections 6.8 and 6.9. Positions to be snapped to are derived by the intersection of the constrained direction of movement and planes acting through the identified features. When Feature Highlighting is active, the movement of the selected Components is constrained to be in the leg the selection. The behaviour of Feature Highlighting in GCM is identical to Feature Highlighting in Quick Pipe Routing see Chapter 7.
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6.7
Feedback
<distance>
<distance>
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2. Distance from handle to Leave of upstream Component and handle to Arrive of downstream Component.
Component sequence (flow)
Arrive of Component
Toggling between the two feedback options is by use of the D hotkey. By default option (1) is used.
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(A drag in the opposite direction would give from Branch Head feedback. From Direction Change feedback is also available if the nearest Elbow/Bend is closer than the Branch Head/Tail.)
On rotation the direction and angle of rotation from the original direction are shown:
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6.8
Description Displays the Constrained Move form which allows you to enter an offset from the current handles position along the segment of route the handle is within. Displays forms allowing you to choose a distance to move the handle relative to a (context-dependent) point along the route. See the Design online help for further details. Allows you to use the pointer to identify features with which to align the selected Component with, along the leg of the route. Repositions the handle to the start of the selected Components. Repositions the handle to the end of the selected Components. Displays sub-menus allowing you to choose the feedback given relative to a (context-dependent) point selectable from a submenu when the selection is moved. See the Design online help for further details. Returns the handle and selection to its original state before the drag
Move Handle
Arrive of Selection
Leave of
Selection
Distance Feedback
Cancel
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On Completion of a Drag The following options are available on the Extend Handle on completion of a drag, when the secondary mouse button has been used to drag the handle.
Option
Description
Move Cancel
Leaves the selection and handle at the shown position Returns the handle and selection to its original state before the drag
Option Enter Value Orient To Point,,, Align with Direction Align with
Description Gives a form which allows you to specify an angle through which to rotate the Rotation Handle. Allows you to pick a p-line through a point with which to orient the Rotation Handle. Allows you to identify features with which the handle is to be aligned. Displays a form which allows you to align the handle with a specified direction, or as close as possible to the given direction, about the axis of the pipe.
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Description Allows you to move the Rotation Handle origin to the Arrive or Leave of the current selection, Returns the handle back to its original state before the drag
On Completion of a Drag The following options are available on the Rotation Handle on completion of a drag.
Description Leaves the extend handle at the shown direction. Returns the handle back to its original state before the drag.
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6.9
Hotkeys
The following hotkey options are available for Movement Handle manipulation options:
Handle
Description Aborts the current operation in the correct manner. Cycles through derived directional alignments. Toggle switch for feature highlighting.
P + -
Cycles through derived positions when aligning with feature highlighting. Increment linear offset or angular rotation by default increment setting. Decrement linear offset or angular rotation by default increment setting. Increment linear offset from current position by fine linear increment value. Decrement linear offset from current position by fine linear increment value. Toggles between the available dimensional feedback options.
Movement D All
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7
7.1
A more complex example is given at Section 7.13. Both examples use elements in the supplied Stabilizer site. The following sections give full details of the operations which can be performed and the tools used to perform them. QPR is entered automatically when you click on a badly defined route, which is displayed as a dotted green line between two Components. A badly defined route is defined in general terms as where either: There is a bad alignment between two Components The Head or Tail of a Branch is incomplete, i.e. where the head/tail attributes are left in their default state the head/tail is positioned but not connected and the connection type is unset.
An exception to the above could be where a Pipe Branch does not have specification reference set. Clicking on a badly defined route (shown by a dotted line being displayed instead of implied tube) brings up the Routing Handle:
7-1
You can switch the Routing Handle to the other end of an ill defined route by picking the End Route Handle, Where there is an ill defined end, then there will be no End Route Handle.
7.2
QPR Facilities
When defining a route, you can control: Orthogonal and non-orthogonal leg definition Positioning Increment snapping Explicit positioning Feature highlighting: o Centre line o Offsetting by OD of tube (including insulation) Automatic completion of route where completion is predictable Undo/Redo changes.
Where an extremity of a route is undefined, then you can assign the end to the last defined point within the route or to designate an appropriate element to connect the extremity to.
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7.3
No extremity defined
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7.4
7.5
Rotation Handles
7-4
7.6
7.6.1 Dragging
The Extend Handle can be dragged by either using the primary or secondary mouse buttons, in the direction of or in the opposite direction to the extend direction. By default, i.e. if no special actions are active (e.g. feature highlighting, see section 7.6.2), the handle moves in multiples of the currently defined linear increment (see section 4.2.7). When dragging using the secondary mouse button, you are presented with a context sensitive popup menu on button up. The menu displays the available options which relate to the drag and, when in a special action mode, the target, if applicable. By default, i.e. when no special actions are active, you are given the option to maintain the dragged extension or cancel the operation, and the handle returns to the previous position.
: The Quick Pipe Routing Handle Shortcut Menus
7-5
Where there is more than one point that can be snapped to, built-in default behaviour is used to derive the initial position (see section 7.9.2). However, it is possible to cycle through the derived points (which are usually with respect to the intersection of the routing line and a plane) and choose the desired one. The P hotkey is used for this.
Identified Feature
Horizontal Solution
Subsequent feature identification within the same drag uses the last solution type to derive the point, where possible. If there is no solution point to the feature selection, the system reverts to its default behaviour, (see below).
7.6.3 Offsetting
Where a position has been derived using feature highlighting, you can offset the position by OD of the tube (including insulation) to either side of the plane.
Identified Feature
Routing Line
Offset in-front
Offset
When the offset handle (the symbol) appears near the pointer, the offset is performed by moving the pointer over the sphere corresponding to the side of the feature you want to offset. (In the example above the pointer would be moved over the top sphere.) Note the feedback giving the position where the current selection is to be positioned relative to the steelwork Beam. See section 7.10 for more details of feedback. It is possible to cycle through the derived positions, i.e. either side offset and back to the original centreline position, in a similar manner to that for cycling through the intersection with a plane. Subsequent feature identification within the same drag uses the last selected offset mechanism where possible, i.e. if the last position was offset behind a plane, subsequent identifications will also be offset behind the plane. The example given in section 7.13 includes the offsetting of tube from steelwork.
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nudge setting is available, where the granularity of the movement is less than that of the current linear increments. Linear increments are controlled from the Set Increments form, see the PDMS Design online help for details.
: The Set Increments form
Similar to the nudging using the + and hotkeys, the fine adjustment uses the 2 and 8 keys on the numeric keypad. Once a nudge has been performed, then dragging has no effect, but the mouse button must still be held down. Where a nudge is applied to a position which is not derived from a snap to feature, then the offset value will be either positive or negative in the direction of movement. With a position that has been derived by the intersection of the route line and a feature, the nudge will offset the solution plane to derive a new position. This allows you to position a leg behind or in front of a feature, and then apply a clearance.
Routing Line Original derived position +ve Nudge applied normal to derived plane
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7.8
7.8.1 Dragging
The rotation handle can be dragged using either the primary or secondary mouse button, and allows a full 360 rotation about the relevant axis of rotation. On dragging either of the Free Rotation Handles, feedback is given showing the direction of the Extend Handle (see below).
If no special actions (e.g. feature highlighting) are active, the handle rotates in multiples of the currently defined angular increments. Dragging the handles with the secondary mouse button is the same as using the primary button, but you are presented with a pop-up menu giving the available options which relate to the drag. Selecting a Free Rotation Handle using the secondary mouse button presents you with a context sensitive menu which relates to the direction and rotation of the handle, see section 7.11
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7.9
These options are accessed from the popup menu on the handle, see section 7.11. In each case you are presented with a form which allows you to enter an appropriate length; you can also preview the effect of the specified value before committing the change. All offset distances are along the routing vector.
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Leg Length This method allows you to position the change in direction by specifying the length of the route leg. A negative value positions the change in direction in the opposite direction to that of the extend arrow.
Offset This method allows you to position the change in direction by a distance that the handle is to be offset from its current position.
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Current position
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It is possible to cycle through the three possible solution planes for the offset, i.e. in front, behind or through the relevant solution plane using the O hotkey. See Section 7.13 for an example which includes 1/2 OD offsetting.
Orient to Feature It is possible to direct the route extension handle to an identified feature. This is selectable from an option on the popup menu available on the handle, see section 7.11.
The way in which the extension handle is oriented depends on the feature identified. Identification of a point feature directs the extension handle directly to the identified point feature.
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Identification of a linear feature rotates the Extension Handle about the vertical axis of the Routing Handle (maintaining the angle from the horizontal) and directing the Extension Handle at a projected point on the projected linear feature.
Intersection point
Where it is not possible to derive a direction from the identified feature, or the feature produces a 180 change in direction, then the feature is not displayed.
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Alignment with Feature It is possible to direct the Route Extension Handle so that it is parallel with an identified linear feature, using the Align with Direction popup menu option on the handle. It is possible to toggle (using the key) between the initial derived direction of the identified feature and the opposite direction.
Alternate direction
It is not possible to select a direction which is directly opposite to the leg preceding the Routing Handle, i.e. 180 changes in direction are not possible. When identifying a Branch leg, whether the one being defined or in another Pipe, then the default direction is the flow direction of the Pipe.
7.9.5 Complete
When using the secondary mouse button to identify a feature, if the End Route Handle is identified as a linear feature, you are given the option to complete the route.
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The End Route Handle can be interpreted as either a point or direction (linear feature). For this reason the option of completing the route is only available when the handle is identified as a linear feature.
Route being extended Derived position from alignment
Where the leg being extended and the End Route Handle physically intersect, the Complete option will create a leg between the derived position of the alignment and the end of route. When the leg being extended and the End Route Handle do not intersect, the Complete option will create two legs, one being the shortest distance between the extend route and end route vector, the other being from the End Route Handle and the mapped position on the end route vector.
Where the End Route Handle is directed into the last leg, then QPR aborts, as there is no ill-defined pipe remaining in the route. If the End Route Handle points out of the last leg, you will remain in QPR. The QPR example given in the Design online help includes use of the Complete option.
: Quick Pipe Routing Example
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7.9.6 Connect
Where an end of the route is undefined, you can designate an appropriate element as the point the end is to be connected to. There are two possible ways in which you can define a connection for the free end of a route, these are: Using the pointer this allows you to identify a permissible connection without modifying the route. This is accessed by an option on the pop-up menu for the handle Identifying an appropriate feature as this requires you to make a decision once an appropriate feature has been identified, this option is only available when dragging the Extend Handle using the secondary mouse button. A permissible connection is defined as an element that can have a Branch Head or Tail connected to it, and which does not have a connection already associated with it. When in feature highlighting mode, the permissible connections are the p-points of Components which are unconnected. If a p-point is already connected to, then it is handled as any other feature and the Connect option is not available. Where the pointer is being used to identify a Connection, you only need to identify elements which have a free Connection. The appropriate point on the element to which the Connection is to be made is automatically determined. However, where an element has more than one Connection, e.g. CROSS, PCOM, etc. the system either tries to determine the appropriate p-point from the pick or highlights the p-point which can be connected to.
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You can freely direct the Extend Route Handle about the vertical or horizontal using the Rotation Handles. The Rotation Handles have their own popup menus for direction, see section 7.11 By default, dragging either handle rotates the Extend Route Handle about the appropriate axis by the currently defined Angular Increments. Feature Highlighting Where feature highlighting is active, then the derived direction for the Extend Route Handle is constrained about the appropriate axis of rotation. This means that when rotating using the vertical handle, the direction derived will be towards the identified feature, but the angle from the horizontal is maintained. When using the horizontal handle, the projected direction of the Extend Route Handle on the horizontal plane is maintained and the angle from the horizontal will be derived.
7.10 Feedback
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There are several types of feedback, which relate to the handles. These are:
Highlighting used to inform you which handle is beneath the pointer, which will be selected when picked. Its representation is a highlighted version of the dragging handle. Dragging this uses a stylised version of the selected handle, adapting to variations on a theme depending on the position, state, etc. All routing handle sub-handles disappear while this handle is active Informational when performing a drag, any alphanumeric information relating to the operation (for example, Leg length 500.0 above) is presented to you.
7.10.2 Dragging
When dragging the handle, the system displays only the stylised handle. The Cardinal Direction and Free Rotation handles disappear. Once the handle is moved from its original position, then the offset from the original position is displayed adjacent to the handle. Where the original position necessitates a change in direction, the length of the leg will also be displayed.
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Where the original position does not result in a change in direction, or start of a Branch, then the length of the leg is shown half-way along the leg being extended.
7.10.3 Snapping
When identifying a feature, the supplied feedback informs you of the type of solution plane and the derived position. Information Feedback In addition to the feedback of the feature identified and the distances moved, feedback is given to inform you of any extra information used to derive the position. Where a reference plane has been shown, the feedback informs you of the type of plane used, i.e. horizontal, vertical or normal along with any offset applied. The plane type is displayed as a text string at the midpoint between the pointer position on the feature and the derived position on the plane.
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Where the plane is offset, the system gives a representation of the offset applied:
Offsetting Planes On identifying a feature which displays a reference plane, an offset handle is displayed to enable you to modify the offset of the plane. The handle is shown at the pointer at the initial point on the feature when it is selected. The orientation of the handle is normal to the reference plane displayed, therefore if the type of plane is changed, e.g. from horizontal to vertical, then the handle is redisplayed at the pointer and in the correct orientation. Moving the cursor over the blob at the end of the handle offsets the plane to the relevant side of the original derived position. The highlighted feature and handle remain the same, but the plane will be offset to the correct position.
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Losing focus on the handle, but returning to the original identified feature or moving over the joining line between the two blobs, will reposition the derived plane back to its original position.
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When you pass the pointer over one of the handles when not <direction> performing an action, the pointer changes and the handle is highlighted to show the rotation direction of the handle. The current direction of the handle is also displayed. Dragging When dragging the handle about the horizontal or vertical axes, only the Rotation Handle is displayed, all other handles are removed.
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Option
Enter Offset
Description Gives a form which lets you enter an offset from the current handles position in the current routing direction. Gives a form which lets you enter an absolute distance of the handle from the last previous change in the directions position. Displays a form which allows you to enter an absolute distance of the handle from the previous Components origin position. Allows you to identify features with which to align, along the current route direction. Directs the handle either directly to a point feature or rotates about the vertical axis, maintaining horizontal offset, when a linear feature is identified. Allows you to identify features with which the handle is to be aligned. Displays an input form which allows you to explicitly specify the direction of the handle. Allows you to select the type of Component that is created by the Routing Handle when a change in direction occurs. The Component can
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Option
Distance Feedback
Description be set to either Elbows or Bends. Allows you to select how the Routing Handle displays distance feedback. This can be set to either Offset (offset from the previous handles position), Leg Length (distance of the handle from the last previous change in directions position), or From Origin (distance of the handle from the previous Components origin position). Allows you to show/hide the rotation handles. Returns the handle back to its original state before the drag
The following options are only available where the end being routed to is ill-defined, i.e. there is no End Route Handle displayed: Option
Connect To
Description Allows you to use the pointer to select an element which the route end can be connected to, e.g. unconnected Nozzles, Tees, etc.
On Completion of a Drag The following options are available on the Extend Handle on completion of a drag, i.e. when the secondary mouse button has been used to drag the handle. The following options are the defaults when no special actions are active: Option
Extend Cancel
Description Leaves the handle at the shown position Returns the handle back to its original state before the drag
The following options are available when in snap to feature mode and the end being routed to is ill-defined or unconnected and the identified feature is a connectable p-point of an item to which an end can be connected, e.g. a Nozzle with no connection reference set:
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Option
Extend Connect Connect and Complete Cancel
Description Leaves the handle at the shown position Leaves the handle at the shown position and connects the ill-defined end to the identified target. Establishes a connection to the identified item and completes the route and aborts the route mode when applicable, Returns the handle back to its original state before the drag
The following options are available when in snap to feature mode and the end being routed to is well-defined and the identified feature is the End Route Handle: Option
Extend Complete Cancel
Description Leaves the handle at the shown position Completes the route and aborts the routing mode when applicable. Returns the handle back to its original state before the drag
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Option
Enter Value Orient to Point
Description Displays a form which allows you to enter an angle for the current Rotation Handle. Directs the handle either directly to a point feature or rotates about the vertical axis, maintaining horizontal offset, when a linear feature is identified. Allows you to identify features with which the handle is to be aligned. Gives a form which allows you to enter an explicit direction for the z-axis of the handle. Allows you to select the type of Component that is created by the Routing Handle when a change in direction occurs. The Component can be set to either Elbows or Bends. Allows you to select how the Routing Handle displays distance feedback. This can be set to either Offset (offset from the previous handles position), Leg Length (distance of the handle from the last previous change in directions position), or From Origin (distance of the handle from the previous Components origin position). Allows you to show/hide the rotation handles. Returns the handle back to its original state before the drag
Distance Feedback
On Completion of a Drag
Option
Rotate Cancel
Description Leaves the extend handle at the shown direction. Returns the handle back to its original state before the drag.
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7.12 Hotkeys
The following hotkey options are available for Routing Handle manipulation options: Hotkey Esc All All D All Handle Description Aborts the current operation in the correct manner. Cycles through derived directional alignments. Cycles through Offset/Leg Length/From Origin distance feedback options. Toggle switch for feature highlighting (or Selection>Feature Highlighting). F All and when in Model Edit mode
O P + -
Cycles through the offsets when aligning with feature highlighting. Cycles through the solutions for the derived position when aligning using feature highlighting. Increment linear offset or angular rotation by default increment setting. Decrement linear offset or angular rotation by default increment setting. Increment linear offset from current position by fine linear increment value. Decrement linear offset from current position by fine linear increment value.
Extend Route
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7.13 An Example
The following example shows the use of the QPR facilities to route a Pipe between two Nozzles on Equipment in the Stabilizer Site. The route is between Nozzle N6 on vessel C1101 and Nozzle S1 on exchanger E1302B. The Nozzles have been defined as the Head and Tail of a new Branch, giving the broken line connection representation:
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Having entered Model Editor mode by clicking the main toolbar. Select the broken route to get the routing handle displayed near the head of the branch:
With the primary mouse button pressed and held down, drag up to extend the route upwards by 500mm as shown by the feedback:
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Release the mouse button. Note the blob which indicates the Branch end. At this point add the EQUIPRACK steelwork to the 3D display. Adjust the view to Look Down. Press F to turn on feature highlighting, select the East direction handle and with the primary mouse button held down drag to align with the p-line of the Beam shown below:
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Release the mouse button. Select the Down direction handle and from the shortcut menu select Extend through Feature. Zoom in on the same Section and identify a feature on the top edge. Use the offset handles to align by OD in front of feature. Select Extend from the secondary mouse button menu.
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Select the South direction handle and drag to align with the End vector of the Branch as seen below:
Finally select the East direction handle and drag with the secondary mouse button to identify the end vector of the Branch. Release the mouse button and select Complete from the shortcut menu.
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The route will be completed and can be seen to be well positioned on the top of the Steel section.
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