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Technology and Livelihood Education

Module 1
Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment
TLE_ICTTD7/8UT-0a-1
Technical Drafting – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 1: Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of
the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be
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among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

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The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education - Region III

Secretary : Leonor M. Briones
Undersecretary : Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author : Jerico B. Reyes
Language Reviewer : Maria Elissa D. Atienza
Content Editor : Florante C. Borlongan Jr.
Keith Richard R. Hernandez
Illustrator : Jerico B. Reyes
Layout Artist : Alfredo C. Duran Jr.
Management Team
Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr., EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Rainelda M. Blanco, PhD
Education Program Supervisor - LRMDS
Agnes R. Bernardo, PhD
EPS-Division ADM Coordinator
Joel I. Vasallo, PhD
EPS - EPP/TLE/TVE/TVL
Glenda S. Constantino
Project Development Officer II
Joannarie C. Gracia
Librarian II

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: [email protected]

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 7/8
Technology and Livelihood Education
Module 1
Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment
TLE_ICTTD7/8UT-0a-1
 Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Grade 7 Project CAP-LRE Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on
Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from public
institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator, in helping the learners meet the standards
set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints
in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own learning.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks
included in the module.
Welcome to the Grade 7 Project CAP-LRE Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on
Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies

What I Need to Know
you are expected to learn in the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what

you already know about the lesson to take. If you get
What I Know
all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.

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 This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current
What’s In lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you

What’s New in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.
What is It This aims to help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent practice to
solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You
What’s More may check the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph
What I Have Learned to be filled in to process what you learned from the
lesson.
This section provides an activity which will help you
What I Can Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

Assessment
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Additional Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module presents different drafting tools that are frequently used in drafting. It is
organized to assist you to better understand each drafting tool’s characteristics and uses.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
• enumerate the different drafting tools;
• identify the different drafting tools based on their description and appearance; and
• classify the different drafting tools based on their specific function.

What I Know
Directions: Write the letter of your choice on the space provided before each number.

________1. A drafting tool that is used to draw repetitive patterns or drawing.

a. compass b. meter stick c. scale d. template
________2. A tool used in drawing mechanical curves.
a. divider b. french curve c. L square d. protractor
________3. A medium grade drawing pencil.
a. HB b. 2B c. 5H d. 6H
________4. A tool for determining degrees of angles.
a. divider b. protractor c. ruling pen d. triangle
________5. The part of a t-square that is aligned on the working edge of a board or table.
a. blade b. head c plane d. thumbscrew
________6. A pencil with refillable leads.
a. colored pencil b. drawing pencil c. disposable pencil d. mechanical pencil
________7. An eraser is made of this type of material.
a. aluminum b. clay c. sand d. rubber
________8. A tool that protects an area of a drawing near the part being erased.
a. erasing shield b. erasing tool c. erasing cover d. erasing protection
________9. A tool that helps in dividing a circle or a line in equal parts.
a. circular divider b. divider c. sub-divider d. partition tool
_______10. A tool used for drawing circles.
a. button b. compass c. french curve. d. t-square
_______11. A refillable inking pen that produce precise and uniform line thickness.
a. fountain pen b. marker pen. c. sign pen d. technical pen
_______12. A tool designed for drawing oblique lines..
a. meter b.ruler c. triangle d. triangular scale

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_______13. A tool that is used in drawing horizontal lines.
a. t-square b. meter stick c. bow instrument d. scriber
_______14. A type of paper used by draftsmen for reproduction of drawings.
a. bond paper b. manila paper c. oslo paper d. tracing paper
_______15. A measuring tool that reduces the size of a drawing while maintaining its
proportion.

a. reduction tool b. reduction c. size-reduction d. scale magnifier

scale ruler template

What’s In
Drafting requires several drawing tools to execute accurate and legible drawings which
are comprehensible or understandable to other draftsmen. This is for the purposes which
serve as when a drawing has to be reproduced, to manufacturers, when it is a blueprint of a
product, and to clients where services have to be rendered.

Drafting is mechanical drawing. This is where tools have to be used in order to draw lines,
curves, and shapes. Since drafting demands accuracy, freehand drawing is unacceptable in
drafting. This is why it is important to acquire tools which will help one to draw and measure.

Let us study the following statements. Which of the following is a job requirement of a
draftsman? Draw a check ( / ) if it is, and cross ( x) if otherwise.

______1. A draftsman has the ability to measure lengths accurately.

______2. A draftsman could draw smooth and straight lines
______3. He/ She has the ability to finish an entire drawing using only a pencil.
______4. He/She can produce legible and neat drawings.
______5. A draftsman can finish a drawing before the given deadline.

No.1 is (/). A draftsman relies on actual measurement unobtainable through visual

inspection. The second statement is (/). What measurement he/she determines, he/she
converts it into lines that gradually become a drawing. No. 3 is (x), since a draftsman requires
much more than a pencil can offer. The fourth statement is (/) since drawings have to be
comprehensible and clean. The last statement is also (/) because a drawing has to be
submitted to the next draftsman or a client on time.

The following characteristics of a draftsman are only attainable through practice and
experience. However, tools serve as extension of a draftsman, and whatever mas tery he
acquires, it is only possible with the assistance of his tools. No draftsman can finish a job with
his bare hands.

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 What’s New
Directions: Solve the maze and help the Confused Draftswoman collect the three (3)
mystery tools.

What did you use to solve the maze?

(ex. pencil, pen, etc.)
Write it down

Is it possible to solve the maze

without using it? Yes or no ?

What you retrieved are just three of several

tools of our draftswoman. Discover more as
we progress in our lesson.
Copyright © 2020 JGB Service, http://www.mazegenerator.net/

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 What is It
Use of Tools and Equipment
If one desires to produce satisfactory drawings, one should be able to enumerate and
identify the different drafting tools by their appearance and function. Here is the list of Drafting
Tools that one should be familiarized with:

1.Drawing Pencil 9. Protractor

2.Mechanical Pencil 10. Reduction Scale Ruler
3.Technical Pen 11. Drawing Board
4.Eraser 12. Drawing Paper
5.Erasing Shield 13. Compass
6.Triangle 14. Divider
7.Ruler 15. Template
8.T-square 16. French Curve

The next part of the lesson shows the appearance and the function of each
drafting tool

1. Drawing Pencil is made of wood that has a lead center made of graphite. When
the pencil turned dull, it has to be sharpened to maintain the uniformity of lines. The
lines produced by a pencil on paper can be easily erased.

Fig. 1 Drawing Pencil

Below is the Lead Grade or the variations of pencil leads based on their
hardness or softness. Pencil grade marking is engraved at the upper end
of the pencil.

Fig. 2 Lead Grade

Hard- The pencil lines are light so this grade is used when a drawing
demands accuracy.

Medium- The pencil grade ranging from 3H to H is used for line works.
The softer F to B is for lettering and arrowheads.

Soft- This grade tends to be easily smudged and it is not suitable

for mechanical drawings. It is best used for shading and
artworks. Manufacturers nowadays offer pencil grades up

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 to 12B.

What is the Drawing Pencil’s function?

Drawing Pencil is used when creating the primary sketch or draft of your drawing.
It is used to draw various line types that can be erased when mistakes are made.

2. Mechanical Pencil serves the same purpose as ordinary drawing pencil. It is used in
drawing and sketching. The advantage of the former is it has lead refill, enabling it to be
reusable. Mechanical pencil has a spring mechanism, allowing it to control the length of the
lead, eliminating the need to be sharpened. Though more expensive, a mechanical pencil’s
convenience and usability has an advantage over drawing pencils.

Fig. 3 Mechanical Pencil

What is the Mechanical Pencil’s function?

Mechanical Pencil is used the same way as a traditional drawing pencil. Both are
used to draw lines. Pencil is used together with a triangle, ruler, or t-square to draw
straight lines. Curves are drawn with the help of a french curve.

3. Drawings made of pencil is still an unfinished work especially if it’s a working

drawing. Pencil lines are easily smudged or potentially erased. Therefore, a
drawing has to be inked to last. Technical Pen is a professional grade inking
pen. It has a plastic casing that can be disassembled when it has to be cleaned.

Popular brands such as Rotring and Staedtler are made in Germany. It is

available in varying thickness ranging from .10mm up to 1.00mm. Since the
resulting lines are precise, technical pens are the standard choice of most
draftsmen. Technical pens can be refilled with fresh ink and last as long as
maintained properly. Due to its relatively high price, it cannot be recommended
for drafting students. A good brand of sign pen such as Unipin will suffice.

Fig.4 Technical Pen

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 What is the Technical Pen’s function?

Technical Pen is used to apply ink on a drawing so lines will be permanent on

paper. Technical pen is used with triangles and t square. Use the triangle’s
bevelled edge when inking.

Fig. 5 A Technical Pen is held almost perpendicular to the

surface of the paper

4.Eraser comes in varying level of hardness and is used to erase pencil and ink lines.
Its primary raw material is rubber. A poor quality eraser smudges pencil lines rather
than eliminating them and sometimes leaves dark marks and discoloration on
paper so be aware of its quality when purchasing. A Staedtler Mars Plastic is a
good brand of eraser.

Fig. 6 Eraser

What is the Eraser’s function?

Eraser is used to erase pencil lines when mistakes are made or a revision has to
be done on a drawing. For precision, one may use an Erasing Shield.

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5.Erasing Shield is a thin, flat metal with different cutouts intended to protect the lines near
t the area being erased.

Fig.7 Erasing Shield

What is the Erasering Shield’s function?

Erasing Shield intends to protect the lines near the area being erased. The
different cutout shapes and sizes lets you choose which is appropriate for your
erasing needs.

Fig. 8 Erasing shield is pressed firmly on the paper by one hand, while the other
uses the eraser

6.Triangles are made of transparent plastic so that drawn lines can be seen through
them. Its edge is divided into millimeters or parts of an inch. They are available in
two variants:the 30 x 60 degrees and the 45 x 90 degrees. Rotring and Staedtler
are good brands of triangles.

Fig. 9 A 30 x 60 degrees’ triangle (left) and a 45 x 45 degrees’ triangle (right)

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 What is the Triangles’ function?

Triangles are used to draw vertical and inclined lines usually in standard angles
such as 45, 30, or 60 degrees. Keep in mind that triangles should be used
together with a t-square as a base so the degrees of oblique and vertical lines
drawn will be accurate. They have bevelled edges to avoid ink bleeding when
used with a technical pen.

7.Ruler is a straight edge tool that is made of plastic or metal. The edge of the ruler has
millimeter and/or inch measurement.

Fig. 10 Ruler

What is the Ruler’s function?

Ruler aids in drawing a straight line. However, unlike the combination of a triangle and
a t-square, a ruler could never draw a precise 90 or 180
degree straight lines. For measuring lengths, a ruler will do just fine.

8.T- square is a straight edge tool, usually made of plastic or a combination of wood
And plastic. Its edge is divided into millimeters or parts of an inch. Its blade is
fastened to a head that is placed on the side of a drafting table to maintain a level
180 degrees of the blade.

Fig. 11 The parts of a T- square

What is the T-square’s function?

T-square measures and aids in drawing horizontal lines. Its head is aligned
against the working edge of a board or table and should slide smoothly in
upward and downward motion. When used together with a triangle, a t- square
serves as its base to achieve an accurate 90, 30, or 60 degrees line drawings.
See Figure 12.

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 Fig. 12 The working edge of the blade should move up and down along
the side of the board, while the triangle slides back and forth along the
blade of the t-square.

What is the T-square’s function?

When drawing horizontal lines, press the blade firmly so it won’t move and draw
lines with a sideward motion from left to right. See Fig. 13.

Figure 13. The proper method of using a T-square when drawing a horizontal line.

What is the T-square’s function?

When drawing vertical lines, press the blade and the triangle firmly so they wont
move, and draw a line in an upward motion. See Figure 14.

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 Figure 14. A vertical line is drawn by using a t-square as a base for triangle .

9.Protractor is a curved measuring tool, resembling a half moon and is made of

plastic so drawn lines can be seen through it. A protractor however, is not
intended to be used in drawing straight or curved lines.

Fig. 15 Protractor

What is the Protractor’s function?

AProtractor is used to measure and mark an specific degree unattainable when

using a triangle. Note that it is not designed for drawing or lining

10.Reduction Scale Ruler or sometimes called the triangular scale, is made of

plastic with triangular base and somehow resembling a ruler, but its edges do
not have millimeter or inch markings. Instead, ratios or scales are imprinted or
etched. It is available in several metric scales or ratios such as 1:100, 1:50, 1:25,
etc.

Figure 16. Reduction Scale Ruler

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 What is the Reduction Scale Ruler’s function?

Reduction Scale Ruler is a tool for reducing sizes of a drawing while maintaining
the proportion of the object. Basically, the reduction scale ruler lets one choose
how much the drawing is shrunk. In 1:100 scale, for example, the drawing is
reduced about 100 times. Architectural drawings relied heavily on this method. It
should be pointed out that it is not designed for pencil or ink linings.

11.Drawing Board is a rectangular piece of wood that has a flat, smooth surface
Wherein the drawing paper is attached on it by tapes. The drawing board
should be wide enough to accommodate drawing or tracing papers with a
dimension of 30 x 20 inches specially for professional use. However, smaller
drawing boards will suffice if one, like a student, intends to use legal size bond
paper for school work.

Fig. 17 A Drawing Board is inclined for convenience of use.

What is the Drawing Board’s function?

Drawing Board is designed to be used together with a t-square. The left edge of
the drawing board is called the working edge since this is where the head of the
t square slides against. The surface of the drawing board is tilted for about 30-45
degrees for convenience. The drawing paper is taped on the surface of the board.
See Figure 18.

Fig. 18. The upper edge of the paper should be parallel with the
working edge of the blade.

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12.Drawing paper draftsmen work with wide drawing papers called tracing papers, a
thin, semi-transparent sheet, since working drawings are complex and include lots
of details. As large as 20 x 30 to 30 x 40 inches of tracing paper is utilized for this
kind of drawing.

Fig.19 A Tracing Paper

What is the Drawing Paper’s function?

Drawing Papers, especially tracing papers are used for blueprints. This is the
standard paper for printing CAD (Computer-Aided Design) Drawings. For drafting
students, it is advised to use legal size, 8 ½ x 13 inches, bond paper. Bond
papers are relatively smooth which lessen ink bleeding.

13.Compass is made of metal or plastic, or a combination of both. It has two legs fastened
together by a yoke. One leg has a needle in its end, while the other leg has a lead or
pencil holder. A plastic compass is cheaper, but one made of metal is more durable and
tends to last longer.

Fig. 20 The parts of a Compass.

What is the Compass’ function?

Compass is a tool used to draw circles and arcs. It is operated by pinching its
handle with two or three fingers. Adjust the legs according to the size of the
radius. Determine the centerpoint of the circle you intend to draw, point the
needle on the center, then apply minimal pressure on the needle. Make a circular

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 Fig.21. Turn the compass using your fingers, not your entire hand, while
applying minimal pressure on the needle.

14.Divider is similar to compass in its appearance, but it cannot be used to draw circles or
arcs. Both legs have needles that are used to “divide” or mark distances along a line or a
curve.

Fig. 22 Divider

How is the Divider used?

Divider is operated the same way as a compass: adjust the legs and pinch its
handle using your fingers. Apply slight pressure on the needle that touches the
paper. See Figure 23.

Fig.23. A divider works the same way as a compass, and is controlled with your fingers.

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15.Template is a flat, thin piece of plastic that has numerous cutouts for drawing of
repetitive patterns. Examples are Architectural and Circular templates.
Architectural template has cutouts of scaled plan of architectural furniture and
fixture. Circular template has circular cutouts in varying sizes, from 1 up to 36mm
in diameter.

Fig. 24 Template

What is the Template’s function?

B Template enables you draw a pattern for example, a circle, faster and
easier. It eliminates the need you to draw a draft all over again. A template lets
you choose a pattern, its size, and simply trace the cutout with a pencil or
technical pen. Circular template is especially useful in drawing small circles.

16.French Curve is a see-through plastic made up of succession of geometric curves such

as ellipse.

Fig. 25 French Curve

What is the French Curve’s function?

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 What’s M ore

Independent Activity 1
Directions: Identify the following drafting tools. Match column A with Column B. Write
the letter of your answer on the space provided before each number.

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Independent Assessment 1
Directions: Identify the drafting tool being described. Choose your answer from the
list inside the box. Write the corresponding letter of your answer on the
space provided before each number.

a. Drawing Pencil d. Drawing Board g. French Curve

b. Divider e. Ruler h. Tracing Paper
c. Scale Reduction Ruler f. Compass i. Oslo Paper

_______1. A tool made up of succession of curves.

_______2. A tool with two adjustable legs ending in a pair of needles.
_______3. A rectangular piece of wood with a flat surface having a working edge.
_______4. A thin, semi-transparent type of paper.
_______5. A tool available in several grades of hardness and softness of its lead.

Independent Activity 2
Directions: Write the names of the drafting tool inside the box that corresponds to its
function.

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Directions: Determine the drafting tool best suited to draw the following lines and
shapes (excluding pencil and technical pen). Note that some objects
require two tools to be drawn.

Independent Activity 3
Directions: Write T if the statement is True or F if the statement is False. Write your answer
on the space provided before each number.

____________1. A compass should be held by two or three fingers in its handle.

____________2. When inking, use the bevelled side of a triangle.

____________3. The head of the t-square should slide smoothly along the working edge of

the board.

____________4. A protractor is used to draw semicircles.

____________5. A scale reduction ruler can also be used as a ruler to draw straight lines.

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Independent Assessment 3

Directions : Fill in the missing word or words to complete the statement. Write your answer
on the space provided.

1. Erasers can be used together with a _______________________to protect the

area of a drawing near the part being erased.

2. A ___________________serves as a base for triangle to achieve an accurate

90, 30, 45, 60 lineworks.

3. To avoid crease, and to utilize other tools properly, a drawing paper should be
taped on a _________________________ .

4. Mechanical pencils are regulary refilled with __________________.

5. Perfect horizontal lines are best drawn using a ___________________.

What I Have Learned

Directions: After accomplishing previous activities regarding the topic, have you
realized the significance of drafting tools to students who undergo drafting
technology subject? Write your realization below.
(For rubrics, refer on page 27)

I realized that _____________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

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What I Can Do
Shape of Roof :______________________________________________

Drafting Tool/s to be used: _____________________________________

Why I Choose this tool/tools ____________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Shape of Wall :_______________________________________________

Drafting Tool/s to be used: _____________________________________

Why I Choose this tool/tools ____________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Shape of the Doors and Windows :_______________________________

Drafting Tool/s to be used: ______________________________________

Why I Choose this tool/tools ____________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________Ass
essmen

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 ections : Write the letter of your answer on the provided space before each

________1. The type of lead a 7B pencil has.

a. hard b. rare c. soft

________2. A type of triangle other than a 30 x 60 degrees.

a. 45x30 b. 45x45 c. 15x30

________3. The upper part of the blade of a T-square

a. upper edge b. working edge c. sharp edge

________4. The degree of inclination of drawing boards.

a. 10 b. 30 c. 90

________5. The part of a compass that holds together its two legs.

a. bolt b. plastic c. yoke

________6. The side of a drawing board that aligns with a T-square’s head.

a. head Edge b. working Edge c. side Board

________7. This tool is used to measure the degree of an angle.

a. divider b. protractor c. triangle

________8. A tool for inking lines that require uniform thickness.

a. colored pen b. marker pen c. technical Pen

________9. A necessary tool if an irregular curve has to be drawn.

a. compass b. french curve c. template

_______10. A tool that aids in resizing objects and maintaining its proportion.

a. circular b. triangular scale c. weighing scale

_______11. A tool with several cutouts that are effective in drawing very small circles.

a. compass b. coins c. template

_______12. The part of a compass that is controlled by the fingers.

a. handle. b.legs c. needle

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_______13. The part of a T-square that is pressed on a paper when drawing a horizontal
line.

a. blade b. edge c. head

_______14. The side of a triangle used when inking.

a. bevelled b . cut c. long

_______15. The part of the T-square that serves as a base for triangles.

a. working edge b . working head c. working side

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 Comments / Suggestions
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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 References

Giesecke, Frederick E., Alva E. Mitchell, Henry C. Spencer, Ivan L. Hill, and John T. Dygdon,
Eighth Edition Technical Drawing, McMillan Publishing Company, 1986.

Ching, Francis D.K. A Visual Dictionary of Architecture. John Willey and Sons, Inc., 1995.

Cardenas, E., Francisco, F. Technical Drafting 1. National Bookstore, 1992.

Manaois, German M. Drafting Volume 1. Phoenix Publishing House, 1983.

Martin, Clifford. Basic Drafting. Tab Books, 1980.

MadeHow.com “How Products Are Made” last modified 2020. Accessed July 6, 2020,
http://www.madehow.com/Volume-5/Eraser.html

Staedtler.com “Technical pens & drawing ink” n.d. Accessed July 6, 2020,
https://www.staedtler.com/intl/en/products/technical-drawing-instruments/technical-
pens-drawing-ink/

Staedtler.com “Rulers and Set Squares” n.d. Accessed July 6, 2020,

https://www.staedtler.com/intl/en/products/technical-drawing-instruments/rulers-set
squares/mars-576-01-f-circle-template-576-01-f/

Staedtler.com “Rulers and Set Squares” n.d. Accessed July 6, 2020,

https://www.staedtler.com/intl/en/products/technical-drawing-instruments/rulers-set
squares/mars-561-reduction-scale-ruler-561-98-2bk/

Staedtler.com “Mechanical pencils and lead holders” n.d. Accessed July 6, 2020,
https://www.staedtler.com/intl/en/products/pencils-and-accessories/mechanical
pencils-and-lead-holders/

Slideshare. “Engineering Drawing”. Last modified 2011. Accessed July 6, 2020,

https://www.slideshare.net/hermiraguilar/engineering-drawing-drafting-instruments-
lesson-2mazegenerator.net “ Maze Generator” last modified 2020 . Accessed July 6,
2020, http://www.mazegenerator.net/

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan
Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: [email protected]

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