1

Pāḷi Word Endings

(based on the Pali Dictionary by Kogen Mizuno, p. 376-384
and compiled by the Pali Yahoo Group)

ā̆, ī̆, ū̆ means the vowel can be either long or short in scansion.

-a 1. m. n. sg. voc.
buddha (O Buddha)
phala (O fruit)
rāja (O king)
brahma (O Brahma)
2. n. sg. acc.
kamma (a karma, a deed)
nāma (a name, emphatic)
3. aor. 1sg. 2sg. 3sg.
addasa (I/you/he saw)
alattha (I/you/he received)
avoca (I/you/he said)
4. imper. 2sg.
labha (you receive!)
suṇa (you hear!)
-aṁ (-iṁ, -uṁ, -ṁ) 1. m. n. f. sg. acc.
buddhaṁ (the Buddha)
phalaṁ (the fruit)
gāthaṁ (the verse),
rājaṁ (the king)
2. n. sg. nom.
phalaṁ (the fruit)
kammaṁ (a karma, a deed)
3. aor. 1sg.
ajjhagaṁ (I reached)
alatthaṁ (I received)
avocaṁ (I said)
-ato see to
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 2

-attha (-ttha) 1. aor. 2pl.

akattha (you made)
adattha (you gave)
2. aor. 3sg. mid.
adattha (he gave)
sūyattha (he heard)
-anā, -ani see -nā, ni
-anīya (-nīya) grd. stem.
karaṇīya (must work)
gamanīya (must go)
-amha, aor. 1pl. akamha, akaramha (we made)
-amhase agamha, agamamha (we went)
alatthamha (we received)
akarā̆mhase, ahumhase (we were)
-amhā,-amhi see -mhā, -mhi
-aya- (= -e-) 1. caus. stem.
kāraya- (let do)
gā̆maya- (let go)
bhāvaya- (let be, practice)
2. denom. stem.
kāmaya- (to desire)
ghātaya- (to kill)
-ā̆raṁ, -ā̆ra, -arānaṁ, - see -raṁ, -rā, -ānaṁ, -su, -hi 1.
aresu, -arehi
-aro, -ar m. f. pl. nom. voc. acc.
pitaro (the/O fathers)
mātaro (the/O mothers)
-asā, -aso see -sā, -so
-asmā, -asmiṁ see -smā, -smiṁ
-assa, -assaṁ, -assā see -ssa, -ssaṁ, -ssā
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 3

-ā 1. m. n. sg. abl.
buddhā (from the Buddha)
rūpā (from form)
2. m. pl. nom. voc.
buddhā (the/O Buddhas)
rājā (the/O kings)
3. f. sg. nom.
kaññā (the girl)
gāthā (the verse)
sā (she)
4. f. pl. nom. voc. acc.
kaññā (the/O girls)
gāthā (the/O verse)
tā (they/them)
5. m. f. sg. nom.
rājā (the king)
bhagavā (the blessed one, the
fortunate one)
āyasmā (the venerable)
arahā (the worthy one)
satthā (the teacher)
pitā (the father)
mātā (the mother)
6. aor. 2sg. 3sg.
akā, akarā (you/he made)
agā, agamā (you/he went)
-āna 1. m. n. f. pl. dat. gen.
buddhāna (to the/of the Buddhas)
ariya-saccāna (to the/of the noble
truths)
2. ppr. stem.
karāna, kubbāna (making)
esāna (yearning)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 4

-ānaṁ (-īnaṁ, -ūnaṁ) 1. m. n. f. pl. dat. gen.

buddhānaṁ (to the/of the Buddhas)
phalānaṁ (to the/of the fruits)
gāthānaṁ (to the/of the verses)
2. m. sg. acc.
rājānaṁ (the king),
attānaṁ (the self)
brahmānaṁ (Brahma)
-āni (-īni, -ūni) n. pl. nom. voc. acc.
phalāni (the/O fruits)
rūpāni (the/O forms)
akkhīni (the/O eyes)
āyūni (the/O ages)
tīni (the/O three)
-āpaya- (-āpe-) caus. stem.
kārāpaya-, kārāpe- (let do)
gamāpe- (let go)
mārāpe- (let kill)
-āya f. sg. instr. abl. dat. gen. loc.
kaññāya (from the girl, etc.)
gāthāya (by/from the verse, of the
verse, in the verse)
-āya- (-e-) denom. stem.
piyāya- (to love)
saddāya- (to call)
sukhāya- (to enjoy)
-āyaṁ f. sg. loc.
kaññāyaṁ (at/near the girl)
gāthāyaṁ (in the verse)
-āyo f. pl. nom. voc. acc.
kaññāyo (the/O girl)
gāthāyo (the/O verse)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 5

-āvin katāvin (the one who has already

done)
sutāvin (the one who has already
heard)
-āsaṁ see assaṁ
-āsu, -āhi see -su, -hi
-i 1. (-i) m. n. f. sg. nom. voc.
aggi (the/O fire)
akkhi (the/O eye)
jāti (the/O birth)
2. (-ti, -ni, -ri, -si, -yi) m. n. sg. loc.
guṇavati (at/near the virtuous)
bhagavati (at/near the fortunate
one)
kammani (in a karma, in a deed)
hatthini (at/near the elephant)
manasi (in the spirit)
pitari (at/near the father)
mayi (at/near me)
3. aor. 1sg. 2sg. 3sg.
labhi (I/you/he received)
āsi (I was, you were, he was)
aggahi (I/you/he kept)
-iṁ 1. see -ṁ
-iṁ 2. aor. 1sg.
labhiṁ, alabhiṁ (I received)
āsiṁ (I was)
gaṇhiṁ, aggahiṁ (I kept)
-iṁsu aor. 3pl.
kariṁsu (they made)
āsiṁsu (they were)
gaṇhiṁsu (they kept)
-ito see -to
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 6

-ittha 1. aor. 2pl.

āsittha (you were)
gaṇhittha (you kept)
pasārayittha (you stretched out)
2. aor. 3sg. mid.
pucchittha (you asked)
alabhittha (you received)
pasārayittha (you stretched out)
-ittho aor. 2sg. mid.
pucchittho (you asked)
amaññittho (you thought)
-in suf.
hatthin (having a hand, elephant)
vādin (speaker, one who belongs to
a school)
-ima, -imhā̆ aor. 1pl.
labhima, labhimhā (we received)
āsimha (we were)
upasaṅkamimha (we approached)
sakkimha (we are able)
-imhā, -imhi see -mhā, -mhi
-ī̆ya- 1. pass. stem.
(-iyya-) karī̆ya-, kariyya- (be made)
pucchī̆ya (be asked)
posiya (be nourished)
māriya (be killed)
2. denom. stem.
aṭṭī̆ya (to worry)
samādhī̆ya (to meditate)
-iyaṁ, -iyā see -yaṁ, -yā
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 7

-isaṁ aor. 1sg.

icchisaṁ (I wish)
agacchisaṁ (I went)
dakkhisaṁ (I saw)
-isuṁ aor. 3pl.
acā̆risuṁ (they made)
abhuñjisuṁ (they ate)
pucchisuṁ (they asked)
-ismā, -ismiṁ see -smā, -smiṁ
-issa- fut. stem.
karissa- (will do)
gamissa- (will go)
labhissa- (will receive)
-issaṁ 1. aor. 1sg.
agamissaṁ (I went)
apucchissaṁ (I asked)
sakkhissaṁ (I am able)
2. fut. 1sg.
karissaṁ (I will do)
bhavissaṁ (I will be)
3. cond. 1sg.
abhavissaṁ (if I were)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 8

-ī 1. f. sg. nom.
nadī (the river)
devī (the goddess)
2. f. pl. nom. voc. acc.
nadī (the/O rivers)
devī (the/O goddesses)
3. -in m. sg. nom.
hatthī (the elephant)
pakkhī (the bird)
vādī (a representative of a school)
4. aor. 2sg.
agamī (you went)
gilī (you swallowed)
-īnaṁ see -ānaṁ
-īya- (-iya-, -iyya-) 1. pass. stem.
gaṇhīya- (be taken)
cīya- (be accumulated)
pīya- (be drunk)
2. denom. stem.
puttīya- (to love as a child)
balīya- (to strengthen)
hirī̆ya- (to feel ashamed)
-īsu, -īhi see -su, -hi
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 9

-u 1. m. n. f. sg. nom. voc.

bhikkhu (the/O monk)
cakkhu (the/O eye)
dhenu (the/O cow)
2. (-ar) m. f. sg. dat. gen.
satthu (to the teacher, of the
teacher)
pitu (to the father, of the father)
mātu (to the mother, of the mother)
3. aor. 2sg. 3sg.
ahu (you were, he was)
assu (you/he heard)
-uṁ 1. m. n. f. sg. acc.
bhikkhuṁ (the monk)
cakkhuṁ (the eye)
dhenuṁ (the cow)
2. n. sg. nom. cakkhuṁ (the eye)
assuṁ (the tear)
āyuṁ (the age)
3. aor. 3pl. akaruṁ (they made)
aguṁ, gacchuṁ (they went)
avocuṁ, avacuṁ (they said)
-unā, -uno, -umhā, -umhi see -nā, -no, -mhā, -mhi
-uyaṁ, -uyā, -uyo see -yaṁ, -yā, -yo
-usaṁ, see -saṁ,
-usā, -usmā, -usmiṁ, - -sā, -smā, -smiṁ, -ssa
ussa
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 10

-ū 1. m. n. f. sg. nom.
abhibhū (the conqueror)
pāragū (he who reached the other
shore)
2. m. f. pl. nom. voc. acc.
bhikkhū (the/O monks)
pāragū (they who reached the other
shore, etc.)
dhenū (the/O cows)
3. aor. 2sg. 3sg.
ahū (you were, he was)
4. aor. 3pl.
ahū (they were)
agū (they went)
-ūnaṁ, -ūni see -ānaṁ, -āni
-ūbhi, -ūhi see -bhi, -hi 1.
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 11

-e 1. m. n. sg. loc.
buddhe (at/near the Buddha)
phale (in the fruit)
raññe (at/near the king)
2. m. pl. acc.
buddhe (the Buddhas)
dhamme (the dharmas)
3. f. sg. voc.
kaññe (O girl)
gāthe (O verse)
4. pron. m. pl. nom. acc.
te (they, them)
sabbe (all)
5. pr. 1sg. mid. k
ubbe (I do)
labhe (I receive)
6. imper. 1sg. mid.
kubbe (I should do)
labhe (I should receive)
7. opt. 1sg. 3sg.
kubbe, kare (he wants to do)
labhe (he wants to receive)
-e- (-aya-) 1. caus. stem.
kāre- (let do)
gāhe, gaṇhe- (let take)
2. denom. stem.
kāme- (to desire)
gaṇe- (to count)
ghāte- (to kill)
-etha opt. 3sg. mid.
kubbetha (he wants to do)
rakkhetha (he wants to protect)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 12

-etho opt. 2sg. mid.

kubbetho (you should do)
cf. āgaccheyyātho (you should go)
-ena m. n. sg. instr.
buddhena (by the Buddha)
phalena (by the fruit)
kena (by what)
-ema, -emu opt. 1pl.
dakkhema (we should see)
jānemu (we should know)
suṇemu (we should hear)
-eyya 1. grd. stem.
labheyya, laddheyya (must receive)
bhaveyya (must be)
2. opt. 3sg.
kareyya, kubbeyya (he should do)
deyya, dadeyya (he should give)
-eyyaṁ opt. 1sg.
kareyyaṁ (I should do)
dadeyyaṁ (I should give)
-eyyāma opt. 1pl.
kareyyāma (we should do)
-eyyāsi opt. 2sg.
kareyyāsi (you should do)
āhareyyāsi (you should receive)
-eraṁ opt. 3pl. mid.
kubberaṁ (they should do)
gaccheraṁ (they should go)
-esaṁ (-āsaṁ f.) pron. m. n. pl. dat. gen.
tesaṁ (them, their)
sabbesaṁ (to all, of all)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 13

-esānaṁ (-āsānaṁ f.) pron. m. n. pl. dat. gen.

tesānaṁ (them, their)
sabbesānaṁ (all, of all)
-esu (m. n.), -ehi (m. n.) see -su, -hi 1.
-o 1. m. sg. nom.
buddho (the Buddha)
dhammo (the/a dharma)
so (he)
sabbo (all)
2. m. n. f. sg. nom. voc. acc.
mano (the/O mind)
vaco (the/O word)
pitaro (the/O father)
mātaro (the/O mother)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 14

-ṁ (-aṁ, -iṁ, -uṁ) 1. m. n. f. sg. acc.

buddhaṁ (the Buddha)
akkhiṁ (the eye)
nadiṁ (the river)
bhikkhuṁ (the monk)
2. n. sg. nom.
phalaṁ (the fruit)
kammaṁ (a karma, a deed)
akkhiṁ (the eye)
assuṁ (the tear)
3. -at m. sg. nom.
arahaṁ (the worthy one)
bhavaṁ (the revered teacher)
gacchaṁ (going, he who is going)
passaṁ (seeing, he who is seeing)
4. aor. 1sg.
akaṁ, akaraṁ (I made)
agaṁ, agamaṁ (I went)
5. fut. 1sg.
kassaṁ, karissaṁ (I will do)
bhavissaṁ, hessaṁ (I will be)
-cca see -tya
-ta pp. stem.
kata (made)
gata (gone)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 15

-taṁ 1. m. n. pl. dat. gen.

arahataṁ (the worthy ones, of the
worthy ones)
guṇavataṁ (the virtuous, of the
virtuous)
gacchataṁ (him/of him who is
going)
2. imper. 3sg. mid.
kurutaṁ (he should do)
labhataṁ (he should receive)
-tabba grd. stem.
kattabba, kātabba (must work)
gantabba, gamitabba (must go)
-tave infin.
kātave (must do)
gantave (must go)
-tā (-ā) m. n. sg. instr. abl.
bhagavatā (by/from the fortunate
one)
arahatā (by/from the worthy one)
gacchatā (by/from him who is
going)
-tāya grd. stem.
lajjitāya (must be ashamed)
daṭṭhāya (must be seen)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 16

-ti 1. (-i) m. n. sg. loc.

bhagavati (at/near the fortunate
one)
arahati (at/near the worthy one)
guṇavati (at/near the virtuous one)
2. pres. 3sg.
karoti (he does)
gacchati (he goes)
3. fut. 3sg.
karissati (he will do)
gamissati, gacchissati (he will go)
-tu 1. imper. 3sg.
karotu (he should do)
gacchatu (he should go)
2. infin.
kattu (do)
gantu (go)
-tuṁ infin.
kātuṁ, kattuṁ (do)
bhavituṁ, hotuṁ (be)
-tuye infin.
kātuye (do)
hetuye (be)
marituye (die)
-tūna ger.
kātūna, kattūna (making)
gantūna (going)
-te 1. pres. 3sg. mid.
kurute, kubbate (he does)
labhate (he receives)
2. fut. 3sg. mid.
karissate (he will do)
labhissate (he will receive)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 17

-to 1. m. n. f. sg. abl.

buddhato (from the Buddha)
phalato (from the fruit)
kaññato (from the girl)
2. m. n. sg. dat. gen.
bhagavato (to the/of the fortunate
one)
arahato (to the/of the worthy one)
gacchato (to him/of him who is
going)
-tthaṁ aor. 1sg.
alabhitthaṁ (I received)
asayitthaṁ (I lay)
-tya (-cca) ger.
kacca (making)
paṭicca (on account of, because of,
concerning)
vivicca (separating oneself from,
aloof from)
-tvā, -tvāna ger.
katvā, katvāna (making)
gantvā, gamitvā, gantvāna (going)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 18

-tha 1. pres. 2pl.

karotha (it does)
gacchatha (you go)
2. fut. 2pl.
karissatha (you will do)
gamissatha (you will go)
3. imper. 2pl.
karotha (you do!)
gacchatha (you go!)
4. aor. 2pl.
adatha (you gave)
addasatha (you saw)
5. aor. 3sg. mid.
apucchatha (he asked)
abhāsatha (he recited)
avocatha (he said)
-na pp. stem.
dinna (given)
khīṇa (consumed)
hīna (discarded, inferior)
-nā m. n. sg. instr. abl.
agginā (through the fire, from the
fire)
bhikkhunā (by the monk)
brahmanā, brahmunā (of the
Brahma)
kammanā, kammunā (by karma)
satthunā (by the teacher, from the
teacher)
-ni 1. see -āni
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 19

-ni 2. (-i)
m. n. sg. loc.
rājini (at/near the king)
kammani (in karma)
hatthini (at/near the elephant)
āyuni (in the age)
cakkhuni (in the eye)
-nīya see -anīya
-no 1. m. n. sg. dat. gen.
aggino (to the/of the fire)
bhikkhuno (to the/of the monk)
attano (to the/of the self)
brahmano, brahmuno (to/of
Brahma)
kammuno (to/of karma)
satthuno (to the/of the teacher)
2. m. pl. nom. voc. acc.
sakhāno (the/O friends)
sakhino (the/O friends)
attāno (self)
rājāno (the/O kings)
hatthino (the/O elephants)
-nta ppr. stem.
karonta (making)
gacchanta (going)
-ntaṁ imper. 3pl. mid.
kubbantaṁ (they should do)
labhantaṁ (they should receive)
-ntā m. pl. nom. voc.
arahantā (the/O worthy ones)
guṇavantā (the virtuous, O virtuous
ones)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 20

-ntāni n. pl. nom. voc. acc.

guṇavantāni (the/O virtues)
-nti 1. pres. 3pl.
karonti (they do)
gacchanti (they go)
2. fut. 3pl.
karissanti (they will do)
gamissanti (they will go)
-ntu imper. 3pl.
karontu (they should do)
gacchantu (they should go)
-nte 1. m. pl. acc.
arahante (the worthy ones)
guṇavante (the virtuous ones)
2. pres. 3pl. mid.
kubbante (they do)
labhante (they receive)
3. fut. 3pl. mid.
karissante (they will do)
labhissante (they will receive)
-nto m. pl. nom. voc. acc.
arahanto (the/O worthy ones)
guṇavanto (the virtuous ones, O
virtuous ones)
-pe- (-paya-) caus. stem.
kārāpe-, kārāpaya- (let do)
gamāpe-, -paya- (let go)
-bhi m. n. f. pl. instr. abl.
buddhebhi (by the Buddha, from
the Buddha)
gāthābhi (through the verses, of the
verses)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 21

-ma 1. pres. 1pl.

karoma (we do)
gacchāma (we go)
2. fut. 1pl.
karissāma (we will do)
gamissāma (we will go)
3. imper. 1pl.
karoma (we should do)
gacchāma (we should go)
-maṁ see -ṁ 1
-mat, -mant suf.
pāpimant (wicked, bad, esp. used
as epithet of Māra, i.e. the Evil
One, the wicked one)
satimant (mindful, the mindful)
-mataṁ, -matā, -mati, - see taṁ 1, -tā, -ti 1, -to 2
mato
-mantaṁ, -mantā, - see -ṁ 1, -ā 2, -e 1, 2, -o 1
mante, -manto
-mase (-amase) 1. pres. 1pl. mid.
labhāmase (we receive)
asmase (we are)
2. imper. 1pl. mid.
labhāmase (we should receive)
kubbāmase (we should do)
-mā see -ā 5
-māna ppr. stem.
kurumāna (making)
gacchamāna (going)
labbhamāna (receiving)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 22

-mi 1. pres. 1sg.

karomi (I do)
gacchāmi (I go)
2. fut. 1sg.
karissāmi (I will do)
gamissāmi (I will go)
3. imper. 1sg.
karomi (I should do)
gacchāmi (I should go)
-mhā (-amhā) m. n. sg. abl.
buddhamhā (of the Buddha)
phalamhā (of the fruit)
tamhā (by him, of which)
-mhi (-amhi) m. n. sg. loc.
buddhamhi (at/near the Buddha)
phalamhi (in the fruit)
tamhi (at/near him, thereby)
-mhe 1. pres. 1pl. mid.
kurumhe, kubbā̆mhe (we do)
labhā̆mhe (we receive)
2. fut. 1pl. mid.
karissāmhe (we will do)
labhissāmhe (we will receive)
-ya 1. ger.
kariya, kiriya (practicing
asceticism)
jāniya (knowing)
nisīdiya (sitting)
2. grd. stem.
kāriya, kayira (must work)
vākya (be under discussion, the
subject of debate)
vajja (must be said)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 23

-ya- 1. pass. stem.

ñāya- (be known)
nīya- (be performed)
ḍayha-, ḍahya- (be incinerated)
2. denom. stem.
namassa- (=namasya-) (to thank)
tapassa- (to practice asceticism)
-yaṁ 1. f. sg. loc.
gāthāyaṁ (in the verse)
jātiyaṁ (at birth)
dhenuyaṁ (at/near the cow)
mātuyaṁ (at/near the mother)
2. opt. 1sg.
siyaṁ, assaṁ (asyaṁ) (I should be)
dajjaṁ (dadyaṁ) (I should give)
-yā 1. f. sg. instr. abl. dat. gen. loc.
jātiyā (by/at birth)
dhenuyā (by the cow, at/near the
cow)
nadiyā (by/at the river)
mātuyā (by the mother, at/near the
mother)
2. opt. 3sg.
siyā (he wants to be)
jāniyā, jaññā (he wants to know)
-ye opt. 3sg.
kubbaye (he wants to do)
ānaye (he wants to lead)
-raṁ -ar m. f. sg. acc.
satthā̆raṁ (the teacher)
pitaraṁ (the father)
mātaraṁ (the mother)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 24

-rā -ar m. f. sg. instr. abl. satthā̆rā (by the

teacher, from the teacher)
pitarā (by/from the father)
mātarā (by/from the mother)
-ruṁ aor. 3pl. mid.
amaññaruṁ (they thought)
-re 1. pres. 3pl. mid.
labhare (they receive)
2. fut. 3pl. mid.
karissare (they will do)
3. aor. 3pl. mid.
abajjhare (they bound)
-va, vaṁ see -a, -aṁ
-vat,-vant 1. suf.
bhagavat (the fortunate one)
guṇavat (the virtuous one, virtuous)
2. suf.
katavat (having done)
sutavat (having heard)
-vataṁ, -vatā, -vati, - see -taṁ 1, -tā, -ti 1, -to 2
vato
-vhe 1. pres. 2pl. mid.
kubbā̆vhe (you do)
labhavhe (you receive)
2. fut. 2pl. mid.
karissavhe (you will do)
labhissavhe (you will receive)
-vho imper. 2pl. mid.
kuruvho (you do!)
labhavho (you receive!)
-saṁ n. pl. dat. gen.
āyusaṁ (to the/of the ages)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 25

-sā -as, -us n. sg. instr. abl.

manasā (with the mind, from the
mind)
vacasā (by the word, from the
word)
āyusā (by the age, from the age)
-sānaṁ pron. pl. dat. gen.
tesānaṁ (them, their)
tāsānaṁ (them, their)
sabbesānaṁ, sabbāsānaṁ (to all, of
all)
-si 1. pres. 2 sg.
karosi (you do)
kubbasi (you do)
labhasi (you receive)
2. fut. 2sg.
arissasi (you will do)
kāhasi (you will do)
labhissasi (you will receive)
lacchasi (you will receive)
3. aor. 1sg. 2sg. 3sg.
akāsi (I/you/he made)
cintesi (I/you/he thought)
-siṁ aor. 1sg.
akāsiṁ (I made)
cintesiṁ (I thought)
-sittha aor. 2pl.
akāsittha (you made)
ahosittha (you were)
-simha aor. 1pl.
aggahesimha (we kept)
adāsimha (we gave)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 26

-su (-esu, -āsu, -īsu, - m. n. f. pl. loc.

ūsu) buddhesu (at/near the Buddhas)
phalesu (in the fruits)
gāthāsu (in the verses)
nadīsu (in the rivers)
bhikkhū̆su (at/near the monks)
tesu (at/near them)
tāsu (at/near them)
-suṁ aor. 3pl.
akāsuṁ (he made)
ahesuṁ (he was)
pucchisuṁ (he asked)
-se 1. pres. 2sg. mid.
kuruse (you do)
kubbase (you do)
labhase (you receive)
2. fut. 2sg. mid.
karissase (you will do)
labhissase (you will receive)
-so -as, -us n. sg. dat. gen.
manaso (to the mind, of the mind)
vacaso (to the word, of the word)
āyuso (to the age, of the age)
-smā (-asmā) m. n. sg. abl.
buddhasmā (by the Buddha)
phalasmā (by the fruit)
tasmā (by him, thereby, therefore)
-smiṁ m. n. sg. loc.
(-asmiṁ) buddhasmiṁ (at/near the Buddha)
phalasmiṁ (in the fruit)
tasmiṁ (at/near him, thereby)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 27

-ssa 1. (-assa) m. n. sg. dat. gen.

buddhassa (to the Buddha, of the
Buddha)
phalassa (to the fruit, of the fruit)
tassa (to him, his)
2. cond. 2sg. 3sg.
akarissa (if you/he made)
abhavissa (if I were)
-ssa- fut. stem. karissa- (will do)
gamissa- (will go)
-ssaṁ 1. pron. f. sg. loc.
tassaṁ, tissaṁ (at/near her)
kassaṁ (at/near which women)
sabbassaṁ (at/near all women)
2. fut. 1sg.
karissaṁ, kassaṁ (I will do)
bhavissaṁ, hessaṁ (I will be)
3. cond. 3pl. abhavissaṁ (if he were)
-ssaṁsu cond. 3pl.
abhavissaṁsu (if they were)
-ssatha 1. fut. 2pl.
karissatha (you will do)
bhavissatha, hessatha (you will be)
2. cond. 3sg. mid. alabhissatha (if he
received)
nibbattissattha (if he produced)
-ssati, -ssanti, -ssasi see -ti, -nti, -si
-ssā pron. f. sg. dat. gen.
tassā (she, her)
sabbassā (all, of all)
 Pāḷi Word Endings – 28

-ssāma 1. fut. 1pl.

karissāma (we will do)
bhavissāma, hessāma (we will be)
2. cond. 1pl.
āgamissāma (if we came)
alabhissāma (if he had received)
-ssāmi see -mi
-ssu imper. 2sg. mid.
kurussu (you do!)
karassu (you do!)
labhassu (you receive!)
-ha-, -hi- (-ssa-) fut. stem.
kāha- (will do)
hāha- (will laugh)
hehi-, hohi- (will be)
hāhi- (will bear) (<har, hṛ)
-hi 1. (-ehi, -āhi, -īhi, -ūhi) m. n. f. pl. instr.
abl.
buddhehi (by/from the Buddhas)
phalehi (by/from the fruits)
gāthāhi (by/from the verses)
nadīhi (by/from the rivers)
bhikkhū̆hi (by/from the monks)
tehi, tāhi (by/from them)
2. imper. 2sg.
karohi (you do!)
labhā̆hi (you receive!)