PATRIARCHY VS

MATRIARCHY
GROUP NO. 8

MEMBERS: ZOHA IMTIAZ (13), FARWA HUSSAIN (12), KHALID UR

REHMAN (46), ZABEEH ULLAH (45), WAQAR YOUNUS (39) , HAMZA
KHALID (26), MOHAMMAD FARHAN (22)
 INTRODUCTION

• Patriarchy literally means “Rule of father”.

• ➢ A social system where males hold primary power.
• ➢ Males predominate in roles of political leadership ,moral authority ,social privilege and control of authority.
Females live restricted life in such a society. In which the father or the eldest male is recognised as the head of
the family. In short patriarchy is the dominance of patrilineal lineage. Women are kept away from decisions
,control and politics of a society. Women are bound to live inside the four walls.Descent and kinship in
patriarchy being traced through the male line.
• Examples:
• ➢ House is known from the father name not from the mother’s name & Family names come from the man in
the family.
• Thus patriarchy is a pervasive and enduring coercive social pattern wherein male holds all or most of the key
decision making positions.
 INTRODUCTION

• Matriarchy literally means”Rule of mother”.

• ➢ A social system where females hold primary power positions. Females predominate in the roles of
political leadership, moral, authority , social privilege and control of property. A social organisation in
which mother or any eldest female member is recognised as the head of the family. Where females are
not bound to live inside four walls. In which descend and relationship are reckoned through female line.
• ➢ Matriarchy in simple words is the dominance of matrilineal lineage in a society. The control of clan or
family is in the hands of a female body..
• • Example of matriarchy is that where family names come from the females where females hold the
control and make rules also take part in all social and political activities.
• Thus matriarchy is a hypothetical social system in which the mother or a female elder has absolute
authority over the family group.
 FEATURES OF PATRIARCHY

• Father or oldest male is leader

• Men have right to property and ownership, property passes from father to son.

• Male govern society.

• Generation dynasty is traced through father's side(children inherit the title of father)

• Father has more power and control.

• Men are free to get married more then one time .( Unless bound by religious laws)

• Women are expected strict monogamy .

• Men are decision makers ( children marriages).

• Men are considered superior ( specially, politically, economically)

FEATURES OF MATRIARCHY

• Mother or oldest female is the leader.

• Females have right of property ownership & property is passed from mother to daughter.
• Female govern society.
• Generation dynasty is traced back to mother's side ( children inherit title of mother)
• Females have more power and control.
• Monogamy and polyandry are acceptable forms(martial status).
• Females are the decision makers alone.
• Women are superior and dominant ( socially , politically , economically).
OBJECTIVES

• It’s Prevalence on Society and Family Level with the help of examples
• Different Aspects of Patriarchy & Matriarchy
• Violence and Oppression (Patriarchal & Matriarchal Impact)
• Difference between Matriarchy and Patriarchy
• Conclusion/Suggestions
 PREVALENCE OF PATRIARCHY ON SOCIETY AND FAMILY
LEVEL
• Patriarchy on society level:
• Pakistan is a patriarchal society where men hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral
authority , social privilege and control of property while simultaneously place severe constraints on the roles and
activities of females.
• For instance In Pakistan there are a number of places where women do not get their part in the properties and only the
male members of the family enjoy this right.
• Patriarchy on family level:
• Patriarchy also prevails on family level and this familial patriarchy is usually referred to as the power dynamic of males
over females in a family, or more precisely, domination of father over mother and brother over sister.
• For instance Although every individual has a right to vote according to their will, yet the male or the authoritative family
member takes a collective decision and decides for whom to vote and then the entire family votes for the person for
whom the male member has asked for.
 PREVALENCE OF MATRIARCHY ON SOCIETY AND FAMILY
LEVEL
• Matriarchy on family level:
• No doubt that Pakistan is a patriarchal society yet matriarchy prevails on the family level to some extent where
the women have the authority to make decisions.
• I will share my very own example, since my mother is a single woman after the death of my father, and although
I’ve two elder brothers who are 30 and 28 respectively and can make decisions but it is my mother who always
takes the final decision and has the authority to alter the decisions made by any family member.
• Matriarchy on society level:
• Since Pakistan is a patriarchal society so matriarchy does not prevail on the society level in Pakistan. This is
because the generations are raised with the same mind sets and so the patriarchy as a whole, in society,
continues.
 ASPECTS OF PATRIARCHY & MATRIARCHY

• a) Social Aspects: • 2 )Economic Aspects:

• *Norms and practices which define women as inferior to • *There are considerable differences in men’s and
men ,which impose control on women are almost present women’s resources and opportunities .some of the
everywhere in our societies, following are some points economic aspects of both are given below:
highlighting women’s discrimination:
• • Men control the economic activities and women’s
• • Negative customs and traditions & Lack of awareness
labor outside the home in patriarchal system.
• • Preference to male child in early childhood & Male
members are provided with better skills • • Women decision making power are curtailed.

• •Restrictions of women & No freedom of decision making • • Limited jobs opportunities for women
regarding reproduction, This situation has led the social and
economic dependance of women that becomes the basis for
male power over women in all social relationship.
 ASPECTS OF PATRIARCHY AND MATRIARCHY

• 3) Political Aspects: • 4) Legal Aspects:

• Women have equal political rights as men under the • *The legal system favours men
constitution but, • • Laws related to family, marriage and inheritance are
very closely related to patriarchal
• • Women political participation is negligible
• control .
• • Lack of interest by political parties in promoting
women participation • • Man is considered the head of household, natural
guardian, primary inheritor of
• • Lack of decision making power in casting votes. • property, usually pass from father to son.
• •In 1973, Constitution of pakistan guarantees to all
citizens of pakistan equality before law , equal protection
and ensures that there’s no discrimination on the basis of
sex.
VIOLENCE & OPPRESSION

• Patriarchal Impact:
• Pakistan has traditionally been a male-dominated society where women and their
bodies have been subject to physical and mental atrocities in their routine lives.
• •Eve-teasing in public transport, molestation, robbery, and rape has become the
mundane reality of their lives.
• •Rapes, brutal murders, harassment, assault, and chain-snatching, etc. have become
common in the daily routine in society.
• •Violence against women has grown with dowry deaths, murder, bride burning, etc.
on the rise in the country. Simultaneous increase in violence against women is
hindering the social, economic, political, and cultural progress of the country.
VIOLENCE AND OPPRESSION

• Matriarchal Impact:
• On whether matriarchy is less violent than patriarchy.Although feministic movements are
still fighting for women’s equal rights, and a possible matriarchal dominance.
• However, matriarchal has also influenced some other forms of societal imbalance, some of
which can be categorised as violent. For instance, gender favouritism in workplaces has forced
organisations to consider a little female dominance whereby some women are promoted
into higher positions to guarantee equal opportunities but not on merit, just because of the
notion that they are women
• . As a result, an unfair treatment on male counterparts goes unnoticed, because they are
allowed to show their emotions in societies like Pakistan.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MATRIARCHY &
PATRIARCHY

PATRIARCHY MATRIARCHY
• Patriarchy is a social system where the authority • Matriarchy is a social system where authority
figure is man. figure is woman.
• In patriarchy, mostly power is hold by father or • In matriarchy, mostly power is hold by mother
any old man of family and cultural norms and or any old woman of family and also cultural
customs favour them. norms and customs favour her.
• He has the authority of decision making for • She has the authority of decision making for
family and maintaining the expanses. family and maintaining the family expanses.
• Male has control over power. • Female has control over power.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MATRIARCHY &
PATRIARCHY

PATRIARCHY MATRIARCHY
• The ownership of property goes to males.The • The ownership of property goes to females.The
property is passed on from father to son. property is passed on from mother to daughter.
• Society is governed by male. • Society is governed by female.
• In a patriarchal society men are considered as • In a patriarchal society female is considered as
superior.it includes any social, political and superior . It includes any social, political and
economic mechanism that promotes male economic mechanism that promotes female
dominance dominance.
CONCLUSION
• To conclude, we can say that in countries like Pakistan,
generally men make all the household decisions and
women are expected to follow them. Persistence of
strong patriarchy, traditional gender roles and religious
fundamentalism also contribute to the low status of
women here.
SUGGESTIONS
• Both societal structures have their own set of pros and
cons, however a gender favouring community is okay and
acceptable, but gender centrism is not okay. What
needed is the attitudinal change in the gendered roles
that have long been reinforced in the patriarchal realm.
THANK YOU!!!