The document describes changes to disorder categories and classifications in the DSM-5. It lists the categories included in the DSM-5 classification system and provides a short description of each. It then discusses new disorders introduced in the DSM-5, including premenstrual dysphoric disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, binge eating disorder, mild neurocognitive disorder, somatic symptom disorder, and hoarding disorder. It also notes some established disorders were revised, such as dropping the bereavement exclusion from the major depressive episode criteria.
The document describes changes to disorder categories and classifications in the DSM-5. It lists the categories included in the DSM-5 classification system and provides a short description of each. It then discusses new disorders introduced in the DSM-5, including premenstrual dysphoric disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, binge eating disorder, mild neurocognitive disorder, somatic symptom disorder, and hoarding disorder. It also notes some established disorders were revised, such as dropping the bereavement exclusion from the major depressive episode criteria.
The document describes changes to disorder categories and classifications in the DSM-5. It lists the categories included in the DSM-5 classification system and provides a short description of each. It then discusses new disorders introduced in the DSM-5, including premenstrual dysphoric disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, binge eating disorder, mild neurocognitive disorder, somatic symptom disorder, and hoarding disorder. It also notes some established disorders were revised, such as dropping the bereavement exclusion from the major depressive episode criteria.
The document describes changes to disorder categories and classifications in the DSM-5. It lists the categories included in the DSM-5 classification system and provides a short description of each. It then discusses new disorders introduced in the DSM-5, including premenstrual dysphoric disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, binge eating disorder, mild neurocognitive disorder, somatic symptom disorder, and hoarding disorder. It also notes some established disorders were revised, such as dropping the bereavement exclusion from the major depressive episode criteria.
in the developmental period and include intellectual Neurodevelopmental disability, communication Disorders disorders, autism spectrum disorder, motor disorders, and ADHD
Disorders characterized by one
or more of the following: Schizophrenia delusions, hallucinations, Spectrum and Other disorganized thinking and Psychotic Disorders speech, disorganized motor behavior, and negative symptoms Characterized by mania or hypomania and possibly Bipolar and Related depressed mood; includes Disorders Bipolar I and II, cyclothymic disorder
Characterized by sad, empty, or
irritable mood, as well as Depressive somatic and cognitive changes Disorders that affect functioning; includes major depressive and persistent depressive disorders Characterized by excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioral disturbances; Anxiety Disorders Includes phobias, separation anxiety, panic attack, generalized anxiety disorder
Characterized by obsessions Obsessive- and compulsions and includes Compulsive and OCD, hoarding, and body Related Disorders dysmorphic disorders
Trauma- and Characterized by exposure tooa
traumatic or stressful event; Stressor-Related PTSD, acute stress disorder, and Disorders adjustment disorders
Characterized by a disruption or disturbance in memory, identity, emotion, perception, Dissociative or behavior; dissociative Disorders identity disorder, dissociative amnesia, and depersonalization/derealization disorder
Characterized by prominent Somatic Symptom somatic symptoms to include and Related illness anxiety disorder somatic Disorders symptom disorder, and Conversion disorder
Characterized by a persistent Feeding and Eating disturbance of eating or eating Disorders related behavior to include bingeing and purging
Characterized by the inappropriate elimination of Elimination urine or feces; usually first Disorders diagnosed in childhood or adolescence Characterized by sleep-wake complaints about the quality, Sleep-Wake timing, and amount of sleep; Disorders includes insomnia, sleep terrors, narcolepsy, and sleep apnea
Characterized by sexual difficulties and include Sexual Dysfunctions premature ejaculation, female orgasmic disorder, and erectile disorder Characterized by distress associated with the incongruity Gender Dysphoria between one's experienced or expressed gender and thne gender assigned at birth
Characterized by problems in self-control of emotions and behavior and involve the Disruptive, Impulse- violation of the rights of others Control, and Conduct and cause the individual to be Disorders in violation of societal norms; Incudes oppositional defiant disorder, antisocial personality disorder, kleptomania, etc.
Substance-Related Characterized by the continued
use of a substance despite and Addictive Disorders significant problems related to its use
Characterized by a decline in Neurocognitive cognitive functioning over time and the NCD has not been Disorders present since birth or early in life Characterized by a pattern of Personality stable traits which are Disorders inflexible, pervasive, and leads to distress or impairment Characterized by recurrent and intense sexual fantasies that cause harm to the Paraphilic Disordersan individual or others; includes exhibitionism, voyeurism, and sexual sadism New Disorders in DSM-5 DSM-5 introduced a number of new disordersnot merely revisions orregroupings of existing disorders (as we'll see in the next section), but disorders that a least to some extent cover problems that were not covered by any disorders in the previous edition of the manual. Among them
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD; discussed in more detail in a box later in this chapter), which is essentially a severe version of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) including a combination of at least 5 emotional and physical sy1ptoms occurring in most menstrual cycles during the last year that cause clinicaly significant distress or interfere with work, school, social life, or relationships with others (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Paris, 2013b, Wakefield, 2013a; Regier, Kuhl, et al., 2013). Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), which is essentially frequent temper tantrums in children 6-18 years old (at least 3 tantrums per week over the course of a year) that are clearly below the expected level of maturity and occur in at least two settings (e.g, home, school, or with friends) along with irritable or angry mood between the temper tantrums. The cteation of this new diagnosis was prompted by the drastic increase in the diagnosis (and possible overdiagnosis and overmedication) of bipolar disorder in children in recent decades (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Pierre 2013; Copeland etal., 2013, Frances &t Bastra, 2013). Binge eating disorder (BED), which resembles the part of bulimia nervosa in which the person overindulges on food but lacks the part in which the person tries to sub1ract the calories through compensatory behaviors like excessive exercise. Binges must take place at least once per week for three months and be accompanied by a lack of control over the eating as well as other symptoms like rapid eating, eating until overly full, eating alone to avoid embarrassment, and feelings of guilt or depression afterward (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Ornstein et al., 2013; Moran, 2013b, Stice et al., 2013). Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (mild NCD), which is essentially a less intense version of major neurocognitive problems like dementia and amnesia. It requires modest decline in such cognitive functions as memory, language use, attention, or executive function, but nothing serious enough that it interferes with the ability to live independently (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Blazer, 2013; Frances, 2013a). Somatic symptom disorder (SSD), which involves a combination of at least one significantly disruptive bodily (somatic) symptom with excessive focus on that symptom (or symptoms) that involves perceiving it as more serious than it really is, experiencing high anxiety about it, or devoting excessive time and energy to it (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Frances &r Chapman, 2013; Frances, 2012; 2013d). Hoarding disorder, in which the person has continuing dilficulty discarding possessions no matter how objectively worthless they are, and as a result lives in a congested or cluttered home and experiences impairment in important areas such as work, socialization, or safety. In past DSMs, the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder may have been considered for hoarders, but their behavior often matched OCD criteria imperlectly, and with DSM-5, the criteria for hoarding are now distinct (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Regier, Kuhl, et al., 2013, Greenberg, 2013).
Revised Disorders in DSM-5
In some cases, changes in DSM-5 involved established disorders being revised in some way-diagnostic criteria were modified, disorders were combined, or age limits were adjusted. Among the revisions: The so-called "bereavement exclusion formerly included in the diagnostic criteria for major depressive episode was dropped. To explain, previous editions of DSM featured a statement that major depression could not be diagnosed in a person who was mourning (or bereaving) the death of a loved during the first two months following the death. The rationale for the exclusion was that the sadness that commonly comes with such loss should not be confused with the mental disorder of major depression. The decision to drop this statement in DSM-5 means that now the diagnosis can be given to people who lost a loved one within the last two months, but only if the clinician determines that the symptoms (sadness, changes in sleeping and eating, etc.) exceed expectations based on the persons own history and culture. The rationale for dropping the exclusion was to make sure that people in mourning who are indeed experiencing abnormal levels of depressive symptoms will be recognized, diagnosed, and promptly treated before things get even more dire (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Fox &r Jones, 2013, Parker, 2013; Porter et al., 2013; Wakefield, 2013; in press). The DSM-IV diagnoses of autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder, and related developmental disorders were combined into a single DSM-5 diagnosis: autism spectrum disorder. The reason for consolidating these disorders is that, according to DSM-5 authors, they represent various points on the same spectrum of impairment, defined by social communication problems and restrictive or repetitive behaviors and interests (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Kupfer, Kuhl, et al., 2013; Regier et al., 2013; Mayes eta ., 2013; Kent et al., 2013; Pina-Camacho et al., 2013). In other words, they now seen as mild, moderate, or severe versions of the same problem. . I n the criteria for auention-deficiuhyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the age at which sympt ns must first appear was changed from 7 to 12 years old, and he number of symptoms required for the diagnosis to apply to adul1s was specified as 5 (as opposed to 6 for kids) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Paris, 2013a; Wakefield, 2013a; Frances, 2013a). I n the criteria for bulimia nervosa, the frequency of binge eating required for the disorder was dropped from twice per week to once per week. In the diagnosis of anorekia nervosa, the requirement that menstrual periods stop has been omitted, and the definition of low body weight has been changed from a numeric definition (less than 85% of expected body weight) to a less specific description that takes into account age, sex, development, and physical health (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Ornstein et al., 2013; Moran, 2013b). The two separate DSM-IV diagnoses of substance abuse and substance dependence have been combined into a single diagnosis: substance use disorder, Tolerance and withdrawal, which had been solely linked to substance dependence in DSM-IV (and confused with addiction), were not in fact solely experienced by those with substance dependence but also by people who use substances in various capacities (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Hasin et al., 2013; Compton et al., in press). Mental retardation was renamed intellectual disability (intellectual development disorder), and learning disabilities in reading, math, and writing were combined into a single diagnosis with a new name: specific learning disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
Complete Download Trauma Informed Social Emotional Toolbox for Children and Adolescents 116 Worksheets and Skill Building Exercises to Support Safety Connection and Empowerment 1st Edition Lisa Weed Phifer PDF All Chapters
Complete Download Trauma Informed Social Emotional Toolbox for Children and Adolescents 116 Worksheets and Skill Building Exercises to Support Safety Connection and Empowerment 1st Edition Lisa Weed Phifer PDF All Chapters
