CHAPTER 1: Circular Measure

Sukatan Membulat

PBD 1.1 Radian Textbook: pp. 2 – 4

Radian
NOTES
1. The angle θ, in rad, subtended by an arc of length s cm of a sector with radius r cm, is defined as:
Sudut θ, dalam rad, yang dicangkum oleh lengkok yang panjangnya s cm bagi suatu sektor berjejari r cm,
ditakrif sebagai: s cm
s θ
θ= O
r r cm

2. The angle subtended by an arc with the same length as the radius of the sector is 1 rad.
Sudut yang dicangkum oleh lengkok yang sama panjang dengan jejari sektor ialah 1 rad.

• π rad = 180°
180° π
• 1 rad = ≈ 57° 18⬘ • 1° = rad
π 180°

A. Convert each of the following angles to degrees.

Tukar setiap sudut yang berikut kepada darjah. LS1.1.1 PL1

π 180°
1. 1 π rad = × 2. 5 π rad =
5π 180°
×
180° 2 2 π 6 6 π
1 1 π rad = 4π × = 90° = 150°
3 3 π
= 240°

3. 1 3 π rad = 4. 3 π rad = 5. 7 π rad =

7π 180° 3π 180° 7π 180°
× × ×
4 4 π 5 5 π 8 8 π
= 315° = 108° = 157.5°

B. Convert each of the following angles to degrees and minutes. [Use π = 3.142]
Tukar setiap sudut yang berikut kepada darjah dan minit. [Guna π = 3.142] LS1.1.1 PL1

180° 180°
1. 0.86 rad = 0.86 × 2. 1.73 rad = 1.73 ×
180° π π
2.7 rad = 2.7 × = 49° 16⬘ = 99° 7⬘
π
180°
= 2.7 ×
3.142
3. 5 rad = ×
5 180° 180°
4. 4.68 rad = 4.68 ×
= 154° 41⬘ 6 6 π π
= 47° 44⬘ = 268° 7⬘

C. Convert each of the following angles to radians, in terms of π.

Tukar setiap sudut yang berikut kepada radian, dalam sebutan π. LS1.1.1 PL1

π π
1. 120° = 120° × 2. 75° = 75° ×
180° 180°
132° = 132° × π 2 5
180° = π rad = π rad
3 12
11
= π rad
15
π π
3. 225° = 225° × 4. 570° = 570° ×
180° 180°
1 1
= 1 π rad =3 π rad
4 6

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 D. Convert each of the following angles to radians, correct to 4 significant figures.
Tukar setiap sudut yang berikut kepada radian, betul kepada 4 angka bererti. LS1.1.1 PL1
π π
1. 39° 20⬘ = 39° 20⬘ × 2. 85° 42⬘ = 85° 42⬘ ×
72° 34⬘ = 72° 34′ × π 180° 180°
180° = 0.6866 rad = 1.496 rad
= 1.267 rad
π π π
Digital Resourse

3. 14° 52⬘ = 14° 52⬘ × 4. 172° 8⬘ = 172° 8⬘ × 5. 347° 29⬘ = 347° 29⬘ ×
180° 180° 180°
= 0.2595 rad = 3.005 rad = 6.066 rad

PBD 1.2 Arc Length of a Circle Textbook: pp. 5 – 11

Panjang Lengkok suatu Bulatan
NOTES
For a circle of radius r, the length of arc that subtends an angle θ at the centre is
Bagi bulatan berjejari r, panjang lengkok yang mencangkum sudut θ pada pusat ialah
s
θ × πr
s= (θ is given in degrees/θ diberi dalam darjah) θ
180°
O r
or/atau s = rθ (θ is given in radians/θ diberi dalam radian)
Rearrange the second formula to obtain: θ= s and/dan r= s
Susun semula rumus kedua untuk mendapat: r θ

A. Calculate the length of arc of each of the following circles or sectors.

Hitung panjang lengkok bagi setiap bulatan atau sektor yang berikut. LS1.2.1 PL2

(a) (b)
5.4 cm
s = rθ s
195° = 195 × π
= 5.4 × 1.82 195° 180 ALTERNATIVE WAY
O 1.82 rad s = 9.828 cm O = 3.404 rad 195
s= × π × 7.5
7.5 cm s = 7.5 × 3.404 180
= 25.53 cm
= 25.53 cm

1. 2. s
s = 5.6 × 1.32 s = 9.4 × 2.35
5.6 cm O = 7.392 cm = 22.09 cm
2.35 rad
1.32 rad
O 9.4 cm
s

3. s 4.
s = 12.5 × 4.6 8.3 cm s = 8.3 × 5.72
4.6 rad = 57.5 cm = 47.48 cm
O O
5.72 rad s
12.5 cm

s
5. 140
6. s
205
s= × π × 6.8 s= × π × 15.2
180 205°
180
140°
= 16.62 cm = 54.39 cm
6.8 cm O O
15.2 cm

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 B. Complete the table below by filling in the values of s, r or θ.
Lengkapkan jadual yang berikut dengan mengisi nilai s, r atau θ. LS1.2.1 PL2

Radius/Jejari Angle/Sudut Length of arc/Panjang lengkok

r θ s
rθ = 9.8 × 1.17
9.8 cm 1.17 rad
= 11.47 cm
1. 7.4 cm 3.8 rad 7.4 × 3.8 = 28.12 cm

2. 1.38 m 0.94 rad 1.38 × 0.94 = 1.297 m

s = 25.2 = 4 2 rad
5.4 cm 25.2 cm
r 5.4 3
3. 3.9
7.2 cm = 0.5417 rad 3.9 cm
7.2
4. 3.35
1.5 m = 2.233 rad 3.35 m
1.5
s = 9.36 = 3.6 cm
2.6 rad 9.36 cm
θ 2.6
5. 12
= 16 cm 0.75 rad 12 cm
0.75
6. 24.8 1.6 rad 24.8 m
= 15.5 m
1.6

C. Calculate the perimeter of each of the following shaded segments.

Hitung perimeter bagi setiap tembereng berlorek yang berikut. LS1.2.2 PL3

NOTES
A
Perimeter of segment PQR Segment APB is bounded by θ–
P the arc APB and the chord AB. 2
Perimeter tembereng PQR
Tembereng APB dibatasi oleh O N P
6.3 cm = 6.3(1.8 + 2 sin 0.9) lengkok APB dan perentas AB.
= 21.21 cm Perimeter of segment APB r
O 1.8 rad Q
Perimeter tembereng APB B
= Length of arc APB + Length of chord AB
Make sure the calculator is Panjang lengkok APB + Panjang perentas AB
R in radian mode. θ
Pastikan kalkulator dalam = rθ + 2 × r sin
2
θ
冢 冣
mode radian.
= r θ + 2 sin
2

1. A 2. E 3. Y
B 1.2 rad
F 5 rad
C
5.4 cm O
0.84 m 6 cm O
D O
2.6 rad X Z
Perimeter of segment ABC Perimeter of segment DEF Perimeter of major segment XYZ
Perimeter tembereng ABC Perimeter tembereng DEF Perimeter tembereng major XYZ
= 5.4(1.2 + 2 sin 0.6) = 0.84(2.6 + 2 sin 1.3) = Length of major arc XYZ
= 12.58 cm = 3.803 m + Length of chord XZ
Panjang lengkok major XYZ
+ Panjang perentas XZ
冢 冣
2π – 5
= 6(5) + 2 × 6 sin
2
= 37.19 cm

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 D. Solve each of the following problems.
Selesaikan setiap masalah yang berikut. LS1.2.3 PL4

1. A piece of wire of length 33 cm is bent to form

The diagram shows a right-angled triangle OPQ a sector OPR with an arc PR of length 9 cm.
and an arc PR with centre O. Seutas dawai yang panjangnya 33 cm dibengkokkan
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan segi tiga bersudut tegak OPQ untuk menjadi sektor OPR dengan panjang lengkok PR
dan lengkok PR berpusat O. ialah 9 cm.
P Find
O
Cari
5 cm (a) the radius of sector OPR.
r cm jejari sektor OPR.
R Q 12 cm
O (b) ∠POR, in radian.
∠POR, dalam radian.
P R
(a) Find ∠POQ, in radian. 9 cm (c) the perimeter of the shaded
Cari ∠POQ, dalam radian. segment.
(b) Calculate the perimeter of the shaded region. perimeter tembereng berlorek.
Hitung perimeter rantau berlorek.
(a) 2r + 9 = 33
(a) tan ∠POQ = PQ = 5
OQ 12 2r = 24
r = 12
∠POQ = tan 冢 冣 = 0.3948 rad
–1 5
12 9 3
(b) ∠POR = = rad
(b) OP = 13 cm 12 4
Perimeter of the shaded region (c) Perimeter of the shaded segment
Perimeter rantau berlorek Perimeter tembereng berlorek
= Length of arc PR/Panjang lengkok PR + QR + PQ
= 13(0.3948) + (13 – 12) + 5
3
冢
= 12 + 2 sin
4
3
8
冣
= 11.13 cm = 17.79 cm

2. In the diagram, O is the common centre of the 3. In the diagram, O is the centre of sector OAB.
arcs AB and CED. The length of OA is 12 cm OMN is a right-angled triangle. M is the
and C is the midpoint of OA. midpoint of OB.
Dalam rajah di bawah, O ialah pusat sepunya bagi Dalam rajah di bawah, O ialah pusat bagi sektor OAB.
lengkok AB dan lengkok CED. Panjang OA ialah OMN ialah sebuah segi tiga bersudut tegak. M ialah
12 cm dan C ialah titik tengah OA. titik tengah OB.
The perimeter of sector B Find
A OAB is equal to the Cari
C length of arc CED. Find (a) ∠AOB, in radian.
A
E O θ rad the value of θ, in radians. M ∠AOB, dalam radian.
Perimeter sektor OAB sama N (b) the perimeter of the
D 4 cm
B panjang dengan lengkok 5 cm shaded region.
CED. Cari nilai θ, dalam perimeter rantau berlorek.
O
radian.
Perimeter of sector OAB/Perimeter sektor OAB 4
(a) cos ∠AOB =
= 12 + 12 + 12θ 5
= 24 + 12θ ∠AOB = 0.6435 rad
Length of arc CED/Panjang lengkok CED = 6(2π – θ)
(b) Perimeter of the shaded region
24 + 12θ = 12π – 6θ
Perimeter rantau berlorek
18θ = 12π – 24
= Length of arc AB/Panjang lengkok AB
12π – 24
θ= + MB + NA + MN
18
= 8 × 0.6435 + 4 + 3 + 3
2(π – 2)
= = 15.15 cm
3
= 0.7611 rad

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 PBD 1.3 Area of Sector of a Circle Textbook: pp. 12 – 19
Luas Sektor suatu Bulatan
NOTES
In the diagram on the right, the angle of sector POQ at the centre O of the circle is θ.
Dalam rajah di sebelah, sudut sektor POQ pada pusat bulatan O ialah θ. Q

• If θ is in degrees, then the area of sector POQ is: θ × πr 2 P

A= r θ

Digital Resourse
Jika θ dalam darjah, maka luas sektor POQ ialah: 360°
• If θ is in radians, then the area of sector POQ is: O
A = 1 r 2θ
Jika θ dalam radian, maka luas sektor POQ ialah: 2

Rearrange the second formula to obtain: r= 2A θ = 2A

and/dan
Susun semula rumus kedua untuk mendapat: θ r2

A. Find the area of each of the following sectors. [Use π = 3.142]

Cari luas setiap sektor yang berikut. [Guna π = 3.142] LS1.3.1 PL2

(a) P (b)
205° = 205 × π
A
Area of sector POQ
Luas sektor POQ 180
1.9 rad
= 3.578 rad
O 7.2 cm
Q = 1 (7.22)(1.9) O 205° ALTERNATIVE WAY
2 Area of sector AOB
= 49.25 cm2 8.3 cm Area of sector AOB
Luas sektor AOB Luas sektor AOB
B
= 1 (8.32)(3.578) =
205
× π(8.32)
2 360
= 123.2 cm2 = 123.2 cm2

1. 2.
P B
Area of sector POQ Area of major sector AOB
4.8 cm Luas sektor POQ 6.4 cm Luas sektor major AOB
0.75 rad
Q 1 A O 1
O = (4.82)(0.75) = (6.42)(4.5)
2 2
4.5 rad
= 8.64 cm2 = 92.16 cm2

3. C 4.
Area of sector OCD Area of major sector ROS
Luas sektor OCD 1–1 π rad Luas sektor major ROS
2
冢 冣
1 1 2 3
= (0.532)(0.86) = (6 ) π
2 O 2 2
0.86 rad = 0.1208 m2 6 cm = 27π
D 0.53 m O R S = 84.83 cm2

5. Area of sector OAB

6. B
A
Area of sector OAB
Luas sektor OAB Luas sektor OAB
140°
140 75
B = × π(5.82) 1.16 m = × π(1.162)
O 5.8 cm 360 360
= 41.10 cm2 75° = 0.8808 m2
O A

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 B. Complete the table below by filling in the values of A, r or θ.
Lengkapkan jadual yang berikut dengan mengisi nilai A, r atau θ. LS1.3.1 PL2

Radius/Jejari Angle/Sudut Area of sector/Luas sektor

r θ A
1 (4.82)(1.25) = 14.4 cm
4.8 cm 1.25 rad
2
1. 1
6.7 cm 2.8 rad (6.72)(2.8) = 62.85 cm2
2

2. 230
0.36 m 230° × π(0.362) = 0.2602 m2
360

2A = 2(23.04) = 6 cm 1.28 rad 23.04 cm2

θ 1.28
3. 2(92.16)
= 16 cm 0.72 rad 92.16 cm2
0.72

4. 2(2.8)
= 1.932 cm 1.5 rad 2.8 cm2
1.5
2A = 2(16.337) = 0.85 rad
6.2 cm 16.337 cm2
r2 6.22
5. 2(12.15)
4.5 cm 4.52
= 1.2 rad 12.15 cm2

6. 2(0.60984)
0.66 m 0.662
= 2.8 rad 0.60984 m2

C. Calculate the area of each of the following shaded segments.

Hitung luas bagi setiap tembereng berlorek yang berikut. LS1.3.2 PL3

NOTES
A
Area of segment ABC Area of segment ABC
Luas tembereng ABC Luas tembereng ABC
= Area of sector OABC – Area of ΔOAC
2.6 rad B = 1 (6.92)(2.6 – sin 2.6) Luas sektor OABC – Luas ΔOAC A
2
O = 49.62 cm2 = 1 r 2θ – 1 r 2sin θ r
2 2
O θ B
6.9 cm
Make sure the calculator is = 1 r 2(θ – sin θ)
2
C in radian mode.
Pastikan kalkulator dalam C
mode radian.

1. P 2. B
Area of segment PQR Area of major segment ABC
Luas tembereng PQR Luas tembereng major ABC
5.4 cm 1 5 rad = Area of major sector ABC
Q = (5.42)(1.94 – sin 1.94)
2 + Area of ΔOAC
= 14.69 cm2 O Luas sektor major ABC
O 8 cm
+ Luas ΔOAC
A C 1
= (82)[5 + sin (2π – 5)]
1.94 rad 2
R
= 190.7 cm2

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 D. Solve each of the following problems.
Selesaikan setiap masalah yang berikut. LS1.3.3 PL4
1. In the diagram, the diameters AOC and BOD
The diagram shows a semicircle OACB. M is the are perpendicular at the centre of the circle, O.
midpoint of OC. The centre of arc BED is A.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan semibulatan OACB. M ialah Dalam rajah di bawah, diameter AOC dan BOD
titik tengah OC. berserenjang pada pusat bulatan O. Lengkok BED
berpusat di A.
C (a) Find ∠OBD, in radian.
D
D Cari ∠OBD, dalam radian.
M (b) Calculate the area of the
shaded segment BCDM.
B 8 cm O A Hitung luas tembereng A 5 cm O E C
berlorek BCDM.
(a) In/Dalam ΔOBM:
tan ∠OBD = OM = 4 = 1 B
OB 8 2
Find the area of the shaded region.
∠OBD = tan–1 冢 1 冣 = 0.4636 rad Cari luas rantau berlorek.
2
π
(b) In/Dalam ΔOBD: ∠BAD = rad
2
∠OBD = ∠ODB = 0.4636 rad Area of the shaded region/Luas rantau berlorek
∴ ∠BOD = π – 2 × 0.4636 = Area of semicircle OBCD – Area of segment OBED
= 2.215 rad Luas semibulatan OBCD – Luas tembereng OBED
Area of the shaded segment BCDM
Luas tembereng berlorek BCDM
1
= (π)(52) –
2
1
2冋 π
冢
( 50 )2 – sin
2
π
2 冣册
= 25 cm2
= 1 (82)(2.215 – sin 2.215)
2
= 45.29 cm2
2. In the diagram, AC and BC are the tangents to 3. In the diagram, M is the midpoint of radius OA
the circle and OC = 10 cm. and BM is perpendicular to OA.
Dalam rajah di bawah, AC dan BC ialah tangen kepada Dalam rajah di bawah, M ialah titik tengah bagi jejari
bulatan dan OC = 10 cm. OA dan BM berserenjang dengan OA.
C A B
(a) Find ∠AOB, in radians. (a) Find ∠AOB, in radians.
Cari ∠AOB, dalam radian. Cari ∠AOB, dalam radian.
10

12 cm
cm

B (b) Calculate the area of (b) Calculate the area of

8 cm the shaded region. A M O the shaded region.
O
Hitung luas rantau berlorek. Hitung luas rantau berlorek.

(a) In/Dalam ΔOAC: (a) In/Dalam ΔOBM:

6
cos ∠AOC =
8
= 0.8 cos ∠AOB = = 0.5
10 12
∠AOC = cos (0.8) = 0.6435 rad
–1 ∠AOB = cos–1(0.5) = 1.0472 rad
∠AOB = 2 × 0.6435 = 1.287 rad (b) Area of the shaded region
(b) Area of the shaded region Luas rantau berlorek
Luas rantau berlorek = Area of sector OAB – Area of ΔOMB
= Area of quadrilateral OACB Luas sektor OAB – luas ΔOMB
– Area of sector OAB = 1 (122)(1.0472) – 1 (6)(6 3 )
Luas sisi empat OACB – Luas sektor OAB 2 2
1 1 = 44.22 cm2
= 2 × (8)(6) – (82)(1.287)
2 2
= 6.816 cm2

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 PBD 1.4 Application of Circular Measure Textbook: pp. 20 – 22
Aplikasi Sukatan Membulat
Solve each of the following problems.
Selesaikan setiap masalah yang berikut. LS1.4.1 PL4 PL5

The diagram shows the cross section of a cylindrical water container

B N A
with a radius of 30 cm. The container is filled with water until the water
surface AB is 20 cm above the centre O. Find the percentage of the 20 cm
container that is filled with water. 30 cm
Rajah di sebelah menunjukkan keratan rentas sebuah tangki air berbentuk silinder
yang berjejari 30 cm. Bekas itu diisi dengan air sehingga permukaan air AB adalah O
20 cm dari pusat O. Cari peratusan bekas yang berisi air.
Water
cos ∠AON = 20 = 2 Air
30 3
∠AON = cos–1 冢 2 冣 = 0.8411 rad
3
∠AOB = 2 × 0.8411 = 1.6822 rad
Area of the shaded major sector = 1 (302)(2π – 1.6822) + 1 (302) sin 1.6822
Luas sektor major berlorek 2 2
= 2 518.02 cm2

Percentage of container filled with water = 2 518.02 × 100%

Peratusan bekas yang berisi air π(302)
= 89.05%

1. The diagram shows a windscreen wiper of a car. It turns

through an angle of 125° when operated and its lower
end makes an arc of radius 30 cm. Find the value of x, x cm
correct to the nearest integer, if the wiper cleans an area of
at least 1 700 cm2.
Rajah di sebelah menunjukkan sebatang pengelap cermin bagi sebuah
125°
kereta. Apabila beroperasi, pengelap cermin itu berputar melalui 125º 30 cm
dan hujung bawah membuat satu lengkok berjejari 30 cm. Cari nilai x,
betul kepada integer terdekat, jika pengelap cermin itu membersihkan
suatu kawasan sekurang-kurangnya 1 700 cm2.

125
× π[(x + 30)2 – 302] ⬎ 1 700
360
1 700(360)
(x + 30)2 – 302 ⬎
125π
4 896
(x + 30) ⬎
2
+ 302
π
4 896
x + 30 ⬎ + 302
π
4 896
x⬎ + 302 – 30
π
x ⬎ 19.58

∴ x = 20 (Correct to the nearest integer)

(Betul kepada integer terdekat)

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 2. The diagram shows the sketch of a logo. ABCD is a rhombus. ABC and ADC are two A
arcs with centres at D and B respectively. Find the area, in cm2, of the logo.
Rajah di sebelah menunjukkan lakaran sebuah logo. ABCD ialah sebuah rombus. ABC dan ADC

m
4c
ialah dua lengkok yang masing-masing berpusat di D dan B. Cari luas, dalam cm2, logo itu.
D B
BD = AB = AD = 4 cm (Radii of the arcs) Area of one of the segments
(Jejari lengkok) Luas satu daripada tembereng
π π
冢 冣
1
= (42) – sin C
∴ ∠ABD = 60° 2 3 3
π
= rad Area of the logo
3
Luas logo
Area of sector ABD
Luas sektor ABD
=2× 冋1 2 π
2
(4 ) 冢 冣
3
1 π
冢
+ (42) – sin
2 3
π
3 冣册
π π
冢 冣
1
冢 冣
= (42) 2π
= 16 – sin
2 3 3 3
= 19.66 cm2

3. The diagram shows a Ferris wheel with centre O and a radius of 20 m.

B
The wheel makes a complete rotation in every 2 1 minutes. A passenger
2
gets on the wheel at position A, which is 0.8 m above ground level. The O
passenger is at point B after 1 minute.
Rajah di sebelah menunjukkan sebuah roda Ferris yang berpusat O dan berjejari
1
20 m. Roda itu berputar satu pusingan lengkap dalam setiap 2 minit. Seorang
2
penumpang naik ke roda itu di kedudukan A yang berada 0.8 m dari permukaan
tanah. Penumpang itu berada di titik B selepas 1 minit. A 0.8 m
(a) Find ∠AOB, in radians.
Cari ∠AOB, dalam radian.
(b) Calculate the length of arc AB.
Hitung panjang lengkok AB.
(c) Calculate the height of point B above ground level.
Hitung ketinggian titik B dari permukaan tanah.
1
(a) ∠AOB = (2π)
2.5
4
= π rad
5
(b) Length of arc AB
Panjang lengkok AB

冢 冣
4
= 20 π
5
= 50.27 m

(c) Height of point B

Ketinggian titik B

冢 5 π – 2 π冣
4 1
= 0.8 + 20 + 20 sin
= 36.98 m

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 SPM PRACTICE PAPER 1

Answer all the questions.

Jawab semua soalan.
1. In the diagram, AC and BC are tangents to the Given OP = 2OS = 2r cm and ∠POQ = 4α rad.
circle with centre O. Given the length of the minor Express r in terms of α.
Diberi bahawa OP = 2OS = 2r cm dan ∠POQ = 4α rad.
arc AB is 6 cm and OC = 10 cm.
α Ungkapkan r dalam sebutan α.
Dalam rajah di bawah, AC dan BC ialah tangen kepada [4]
bulatan berpusat O. Diberi panjang lengkok minor AB ialah Perimeter of the whole diagram
10 Perimeter seluruh rajah
6 cm dan OC = cm.
α
= PS + QR + Length of major arc RS
Express in terms of α, + Length of minor arc PQ
B
Ungkapkan dalam sebutan α,
PS + QR + Panjang lengkok major RS
(a) the radius r, of the
+ Panjang lengkok minor PQ
α rad O circle.
jejari r, bulatan itu.
C ∴ r + r + r(9α) + 2r(4α) = 60
[2]
A (b) the area of the shaded 2r + 17rα = 60
region. r(2 + 17α) = 60
luas kawasan berlorek. 60
r=
[4] 2 + 17α
(a) r = 6 cm
α 3. The diagram shows a sector QOR of a circle with
(b) Area of the shaded region centre O. Given ∠QOR = 1.36 rad and OP = PQ
Luas kawasan berlorek = OS = SR = 6 cm.
= Area of quadrilateral OACB Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sektor bulatan QOR berpusat O.
– Area of sector OAB Diberi ∠QOR = 1.36 rad dan OP = PQ = OS = SR = 6 cm.
Luas sisi empat OACB – Luas sektor OAB
= 2 × Area of ΔOAC – Area of sector OAB R Q
2 × Luas ΔOAC – Luas sektor OAB
冢 冣
1 1 6 2 S P
= 2 × (OA)(AC) – (α)
2 2 α
1.36 rad
冢 冣 冢 冣
6 10 2 6 2 18
= – – O
α α α α
(a) Find the length, in cm, of arc QR.
冢 冣
6 8 18
= – Cari panjang, dalam cm, lengkok QR.
α α α
[2]
冢 冣
6 8
= – 3 cm2 (b) Find the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
α α Cari luas, dalam cm2, kawasan berlorek.

2. The diagram shows the sectors POQ and ROS with [3]
(a) Length of arc QR
a common centre O. The major arc RS subtends
Panjang lengkok QR
an angle of 9α rad at centre O. The perimeter of
= 12 × 1.36
the whole diagram is 60 cm.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sektor bulatan POQ dan ROS = 16.32 cm
dengan pusat sepunya O. Lengkok major RS mencangkum
sudut 9α rad pada pusat O. Perimeter seluruh rajah itu (b) Area of the shaded region
ialah 60 cm. Luas kawasan berlorek
P
= Area of sector QOR – Area of ΔPOS
S
Luas sektor QOR – Luas ΔPOS
O 1 1
= (122)(1.36) – (62) sin 1.36
2 2
R = 80.32 cm2
Q

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 4. The diagram shows the background of a mural on Length of arc AB/Panjang lengkok AB
HOTS a wall. ABCD is a square of side 4 m. The centres (a) θ =
OA
of arcs AE and BE are at B and A respectively. =2
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan corak latar belakang bagi
suatu mural. ABCD ialah segi empat sama bersisi 4 m.
(b) Let/Katakan OA = r cm.
Lengkok AE dan BE masing-masing berpusat di B dan A.
D C Perimeter of the shaded region
E
Calculate the area, in m2, Perimeter rantau berlorek
of the shaded region. = Arc AB + Arc CD + AC + BD
Hitung luas, dalam m2, rantau
berlorek. Lengkok AB + Lengkok CD + AC + BD
[6] = 2r + 9(2) + (9 – r) + (9 – r)
= 36 cm
A 4m B

ΔABE is equilateral.
ABE ialah Δ sama sisi.
∴ ∠BAE = 60° 6. The diagram shows a circle with centre O and
π a radius of 8 cm. AB is a tangent to the circle such
= rad
3 that the area of triangle OAB is 40 cm2.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah bulatan berpusat O
Area of the shaded region dan berjejari 8 cm. AB ialah tangen kepada bulatan dengan
Luas rantau berlorek keadaan luas segi tiga OAB ialah 40 cm2.
= Area of ABCD – Area of sector ABE
– Area of segment AFE
Luas ABCD – Luas sektor ABE
O
– Luas tembereng AFE
π π π
冢 冣 冢 冣
1 1 8 cm C
= 42 – (42) – (42) – sin
2 3 2 3 3
B
= 6.171 m2 A
Find
Cari
(a) ∠AOC, in radians.
∠AOC, dalam radian.
[3]
5. The diagram shows two sectors, OAB and OCD,
(b) the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
with a common centre O. Given the length of arc luas, dalam cm2, rantau berlorek.
AB is twice the length of radius OA and the length [3]
of radius OC is 9 cm. (a) Area of/Luas ΔOAB = 40 cm2
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua sektor, OAB dan OCD,
1
dengan pusat sepunya O. Diberi panjang lengkok AB adalah ∴ (8)(AB) = 40
dua kali panjang jejari OA dan panjang jejari OC ialah 9 cm. 2
AB = 10 cm
D
10
tan ∠AOC = = 1.25
B 8
∠AOC = tan–1 (1.25)
θ rad = 0.8961 rad
O A C
(b) Area of the shaded region
Find Luas rantau berlorek
Cari = Area of ΔOAB – Area of sector OAC
(a) the value of θ. Luas ΔOAB – Luas sektor OAC
nilai θ.
1
[2] = 40 – (82)(0.8961)
2
(b) the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded region. = 11.32 cm2
perimeter, dalam cm, rantau berlorek.
[3]

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 SPM PRACTICE PAPER 2

Answer all the questions.

Jawab semua soalan.
1. The diagram shows a circle and a sector of a circle 2. The diagram shows a sector ACDE with centre A
with a common centre O. The radius of the circle is and a sector OABC with centre O.
r cm. The lengths of arcs PQ and RS are 10 cm and Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sektor ACDE berpusat A dan
18 cm respectively. sektor OABC berpusat O.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah bulatan dan sektor O
bulatan berpusat sepunya O. Bulatan itu berjejari r cm.
Panjang lengkok PQ dan RS masing-masing ialah 10 cm 40°
dan 18 cm.
E
S

P D

O θ rad
A C
Q B
R
[Use/Guna π = 3.142]
Given QR = 4 cm, find Given OA = 13 cm and AC = 8.89 cm. Find
Diberi QR = 4 cm, cari Diberi OA = 13 cm dan AC = 8.89 cm. Cari
(a) the values of r and θ. (a) ∠OAC, in radians.
nilai r dan nilai θ. ∠OAC, dalam radian.
[4] [2]
2
(b) the area, in cm , of the shaded region. (b) the perimeter, in cm, of sector ACDE.
luas, dalam cm2, kawasan yang berlorek. perimeter, dalam cm, sektor ACDE.
[4] [3]
(a) Length of arc PQ = 10 cm (c) the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
Panjang lengkok PQ = 10 cm luas, dalam cm2, rantau berlorek.
rθ = 10 …… ① [5]

冢 冣
180 – 40 °
Length of arc RS = 18 cm (a) ∠OAC =
2
Panjang lengkok RS = 18 cm π
(r + 4)θ = 18 = 70 ×
180
rθ + 4θ = 18 …… ② = 1.222 rad
Substitute ① into ②:
Gantikan ① ke dalam ②: (b) Perimeter of sector ACDE
10 + 4θ = 18 Perimeter sektor ACDE
4θ = 8 = 2 × 8.89 + 8.89 × 1.222
θ=2 = 28.64 cm
∴ 2r = 10
r=5 (c) Area of the shaded region
Luas rantau berlorek
(b) Area of the shaded region = Area of sector ACDE + Area of segment ABC
Luas kawasan berlorek Luas sektor ACDE + Luas tembereng ABC
= Area of ΔORS – Area of sector OPQ π
冢 冣
1 1
Luas ΔORS – Luas sektor OPQ = (8.89)2(1.222) + (132) 40 × – sin 40°
2 2 180
1 1 = 52.97 cm2
= (92) sin 2 – (52)(2)
2 2
= 11.83 cm2

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 3. The diagram shows a semicircle ABC with centre O 4. The diagram shows two circles with the centres
and a radius of 10 cm. NBC is a sector of a circle HOTSA and B, radii 10 cm and 6 cm respectively and
with centre C and M is the midpoint of OA. touching each other at point C. The straight line
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan semibulatan ABC berpusat O HK is a common tangent to the circles.
dan berjejari 10 cm. NBC ialah sebuah sektor bulatan Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua bulatan yang masing-
berpusat C dan M ialah titik tengah OA. masing berpusat A dan B, berjejari 10 cm dan 6 cm serta
B bersentuhan pada titik C. Garis lurus HK ialah tangen
sepunya kepada dua bulatan itu.

A N M O C
A
C
[Use/Guna π = 3.142] 10 cm
B
Calculate 6 cm
Hitung
H K
(a) ∠MOB, in radians.
∠MOB, dalam radian. [Use/Guna π = 3.142]
[2] Find
(b) the length, in cm, of arc NB. Cari
panjang, dalam cm, lengkok NB. (a) ∠HAC, in radians.
[3] ∠HAC, dalam radian.
2
(c) the area, in cm , of the shaded region. [2]
luas, dalam cm2, rantau berlorek. (b) the length, in cm, of the minor arc CK.
[5] panjang, dalam cm, lengkok minor CK.
(a) In/Dalam ΔMOB: [3]
5 1 (c) the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
cos ∠MOB = = luas, dalam cm2, rantau berlorek.
10 2
π [5]
∠MOB = rad 4 1
3 (a) cos ∠HAC = =
= 1.0473 rad 16 4

冢 冣
1
∠HAC = cos–1
1 4
(b) ∠BCM = × ∠MOB = 1.318 rad
2
= 0.5237 rad
(b) ∠CBK = (π – 1.318) rad
CM
cos ∠BCM = Length of the minor arc CK
CB
15 Panjang lengkok minor CK
cos 0.5237 = = 6(π – 1.318)
CB
CB = 17.32 cm = 10.94 cm

Length of arc NB (c) NB = 162 – 42 = 15.49 cm

Panjang lengkok NB Area of the shaded region
= 17.32 × 0.5237 Luas rantau berlorek
= 9.070 cm = Area of trapezium ABKH – Area of sector ACH
– Area of sector BCK
(c) Area of the shaded region Luas trapezium ABKH – Luas sektor ACH
Luas rantau berlorek – Luas sektor BCK
= Area of sector NBC – Area of ΔBMC 1 1
Luas sektor NBC – Luas ΔBMC = (10 + 6)(15.49) – (102)(1.318)
2 2
1 1 1 2
= (17.322)(0.5237) – (15)(17.32)(sin 0.5237) – (6 )(π – 1.318)
2 2 2
= 13.59 cm2 = 25.19 cm2

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