PORTFOLIO

LEVEL:

ADVANCED 11

TEACHER:

LITA CRUZ

STUDENT:

BRENDA ANETTE VALDIVIA FLORES

LIMA, PERÚ
VOCABULARY
1. Approach: It’s a noun that defines a way of doing something. Also, it’s a verb
which means to come close in distance or time.
Example: Neil has a different approach to the problem.
2. Outdo: It’s a verb that means to do something better than someone else.
Example: They are always trying to outdo each other with their jokes and funny
stories.
3. Assess: It’s a verb that means to decide how good, important, or serious
something is.
Example: The tests are designed to assess reading skills.
4. Meaningful: It’s an adjective which describes when something is useful, serious, or
important.
Example: Having the opportunity to work would make retirement more meaningful
for many senior citizens.
5. Accomplish: It’s a verb that means to succeed in doing something good.
Example: I feel as if I’ve accomplished nothing all day.
6. Seizure: It’s a noun that defines a very sudden attack of an illness in which
someone becomes unconscious or develops violent movements.
Example: He suffers epileptic seizures.
7. Owner: It’s a noun that defines someone who owns something.
Example: I want to talk with the dog’s owner.
8. Forensic: It’s an adjective which describes something related to scientific methods
of solving crimes, involving examining the objects or substances that are involved
in the crime.
Example: Forensic examination revealed a large quantity of poison in the dead
man’s stomach.
9. Hoof: It’s a noun that defines the hard part on the foot of a horse and some other
large animals.
Example: The horse snorted and stamped its hoof impatiently.
10. Subtle: It’s an adjective which describes something that is not obvious or easy to
notice.
Example: I can notice subtle changes in her mood.
11. Delude: It’s a verb that means to make someone believe something that is not
true.
Example: He’s deluding himself if he thinks he’s going to be promoted this year.
12. Prone: It´s an adjective that describes someone to often do something or suffer
from something, especially something bad.
Example: He’s prone to forgetting things.
13. Haul: It’s a verb which means to pull something somewhere slowly and with
difficulty.
Example: They hauled the piano into the living room.
14. Fathom: It´s a noun that defines a unit for measuring the depth of water, equal to
1.8 meters or 6 feet. Also, it´s a verb that means to discover the meaning of
something or to understand someone or why someone acts as they do.
Example: I can’t fathom her at all.
15. Dealing: It´s a noun to defines the contact, bargaining, agreement between two or
more people or groups.
Example: I have no dealings with him.
16. Quotation: It´s an adjective which describes in a state as though you are sleeping,
for example because you have been hit on the head.
Example: She was knocked unconscious.
17. Seemingly: It´s an adverb that defines the according to the facts that you know.
Example: The factory closure is seemingly inevitable.
18. Awareness: It´s a noun that means the mental state of knowing about something.
Example: Environmental awareness is increasing all the time.
19. Seizure: It´s a noun that defines the action of taking something by force or with
legal authority.
Example: Seizures of illicit drugs have increased by 30 percent this year.
20. Boldfaced: It´s an adjective to describe a person.
Example: This guy is a boldfaced because he won´t admit his mistakes.
21. Assumption: It´s a noun to describe something that you think is true without
having any proof.
Example: We tend to make assumptions about people who are fat.
22. Flawed: It´s an adjective that means not perfect or containing mistakes.
Example: Diamonds are still valuable, even when they are flawed.
23. Plentiful: It´s an adjective which describes if something is plentiful, there is a lot of
it available.
Example: a plentiful supply of meat.
24. Acknowledge: It´s a verb that defines to accept that something is true or exists.
Example: He acknowledged that there was a problem.
25. Groundwork: It´s a noun that describes a work that is done as a preparation for
work that will be done later.
Example: The committee will meet today to lay the groundwork for inter-party
talks next month.
Article / Reading n° 1
In Extreme perception and animal intelligence, shows how animals understand the world
around them and their perception of this. Also, it´s explained how animals have cognition
and how their skills or behavior are conscious or unconscious. In that way, it’s amazing the
fact that animals have skills which humans have not developed. They have many abilities
that are useful for certain jobs in which they use their advanced perceptual abilities and
cognition. For example, this reading mentions the case of the seizure alert dogs which can
predict seizures before it happens and bring help. That's really impressive, because they
can learn or acquire that skill by training. Another example is the case of Clever Hans, a
horse who had the capacity to count, however Oskar Pfungst gave a good explanation
about this, he said that Clever Hans wasn´t really counting, he just recognized unconscious
signals that humans gave. Finally, these cases show how animals can recognize signals and
develop unique abilities, which are obviously not the same as humans but still
demonstrate some degree or category of cognition or intelligence.

Article / Reading n° 2
In How smart are animals? the author Gita Simonsen talks about the difficulties scientists
confront when judging animal intelligence. One of the issues is determining what
constitutes animal intelligence. In most of cases our animal intelligence tests are
frequently centered on how effectively animals can imitate human behavior and that’s a
bad way to test animal intelligence, because this strategy ignores other forms of
intelligence that animals employ in their daily lives but which humans may lack. Also, brain
weight as a percentage of total weight is another method that scientists utilize with
mammals. Moreover, dolphins have a high intellect score according to this test. However,
because human intellect is related to language, and humans can't converse with dolphins
or other animals, we can't judge their intelligence completely. In that way, a new
approach of evaluation requires looking at the neural networks of animals to see what
features they are meant to allow. This allows scientists to discover qualities they hadn't
considered before. Despite this, the small size of some animal brains makes this procedure
extremely difficult. In conclusion, scientists need to create better tools, methodologies,
and ideas for comparing the brain skills in other species, because is incorrect evaluate the
intelligence of animals based on human capacities, since animals have developed abilities
different from ours.
My English Lab
 Unit Graphic Organiser

The authors discuss about how animals understand the world around them and their perception
of this. In that way, there is controversy if the animals have cognition and how their skills or
behavior are conscious or unconscious.

Where does the story of Connie

Stanley and Clever Hans take place?
The authors are Temple Grandin Connie Standley and her seizure alert
and Catherine Johnson. dogs live in Florida. On the other hand,
Clever Hans lived in Germany.

Why Oskar Pfungst said that

When Clever Hans was Clever Hans wasn't really
famous for his skill? counting?
Clever Hans was famous in the early He said that because he found
1900s. that this horse responded to
unconscious signals.

How can seizure alert dogs and Clever Hans develop these skills?
In the case of seizure alert dogs, they recognize the signs that a seizure is coming and use their canine
skills. In the same way, Clever Hans could recognize and respond to signals given by humans.
ACTIVITY IN CLASS
1.       What are some abilities that dogs have and humans don't?
 Dogs can smell things a person can´t. 
2.       What is a job that dogs do and what is it about?
 Seizure alert dogs are dogs who can predict a seizure before it starts
3.       Could you name a case of a person with seizure alert dogs? 
 The case of Standley who has two Bouvier de Flandres dogs who predicted her
seizure about thirty minutes.
4.        What animal was Clever Hans and what was his ability?
 Clever was a horse and he could answer mathematical questions.
5.    What is the explanation that the psychologist Oskar Pfungst gave about Hans' ability
 Oskar Pfungst said that Hans wasn´t really counting, also he was observing subtle
unconscious cues the humans had no idea they were giving off.

Essay Draft
In Extreme perception and animal intelligence, authors Temple Grandin and Catherine
Johson discuss about how animals understand the world around themand their
perception of this. In that way, there is controversy if the animals have cognition and how
their skills or behavior are conscious or unconscious.
Intelligence or perceptual abilities are not the same in animals as in humans; for example,
dogs have skills which humans have not developed. They can smell things a person can't
and they have many other incredible abilities that are useful for certain jobs in which they
use their advanced perceptual abilities and cognition.
An example about this, are the seizure alert dogs which can prediunconsciuct sizures
before it happens and bring help. However, no one knows exactly how they have these
unique abilities. Moreover, The New York Times reports a case about a woman who has
two dogs which have the capacity to predict her seizures. Also, these dogs apparently
were trained to acquire that ability
Another example is the case of Clever Hans which have the ability to count, however
Oscar Pfungst found that this horse responds to unconscious signals.

Writing
In Extreme perception and animal intelligence, authors Temple Grandin and Catherine
Johnson discuss about how animals understand the world around them and their
perception of this. In that way, there is controversy if the animals have cognition and how
their skills or behavior are conscious or unconscious.
Intelligence or perceptual abilities are not the same in animals as in humans; for example,
dogs have skills which humans have not developed. They can smell things a person can´t
and they have many other incredible abilities that are useful for certain jobs in which they
use their advanced perceptual abilities and cognition.
An example about this, are the seizure alert dogs which can predict seizures before it
happens and bring help. However, no one knows exactly how they have these unique
abilities. Moreover, The New York Times reports a case about a woman who has two dogs
which have the capacity to predict her seizures about thirty minutes ahead of time. Also,
these dogs apparently were trained to acquire that ability.
Another example is the case of Clever Hans which have the ability to count, however
Oscar Pfungst found that this horse responded to unconscious signals.

Unit Reflexion
First about the reading of Extreme perception and animal intelligence makes us realize
that animals can have extraordinary abilities, because it demonstrates how animals
perceive and understand the environment around them. It's also discussed how animals
think and if their skills or behavior are conscious or unconscious. In that sense, it's
incredible that animals possess abilities that humans have yet to develop. They have a
variety of skills that are suitable for vocations that need advanced perceptual and
cognitive ability. This book, for example, discusses seizure alert dogs, who can predict
seizures and provide assistance before they occur. That's incredible, since they can train
themselves to gain or acquire that expertise. Another example is Clever Hans, a horse with
the ability to count. However, Oskar Pfungst explained that Clever Hans wasn't really
counting, but rather recognizing unconscious cues given by humans. Finally, these
examples indicate how animals may recognize signals and develop unique abilities that are
certainly not comparable to human abilities but still demonstrate some level of cognition
or intelligence. On the other hand, about the reading of How smart are animals? it’s very
interesting how the intelligence of animals is different from ours, because this reading
talks about the difficulties scientists confront when judging animal intelligence and how
scientists need to create better tools, methodologies, and ideas for comparing the brain
skills in other species, because is incorrect evaluate the intelligence of animals based on
human capacities, since animals have developed abilities different from ours. Finally, the
adjective clauses are very useful for modify a noun or a pronoun. An adjective clause
begins with the relative pronouns “who”, “whom”, “that”, “whose” or “which”.