Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000.

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.Doi Number

Preparation of Papers for IEEE Access

(February 2022)
First A. Author1, Fellow, IEEE, Second B. Author2, and Third C. Author, Jr.3, Member, IEEE
1
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305 USA
2
Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
3
Electrical Engineering Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

Corresponding author: First A. Author (e-mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov).

This paragraph of the first footnote will contain support information, including sponsor and financial support acknowledgment. For example, “This work
was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant BS123456.”

ABSTRACT These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for IEEE Access. Use this
document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an
instruction set. The electronic file of your paper will be formatted further at IEEE. Paper titles should be
written in uppercase and lowercase letters, not all uppercase. Avoid writing long formulas with subscripts
in the title; short formulas that identify the elements are fine (e.g., “Nd–Fe–B”). Do not write “(Invited)” in
the title. Full names of authors are preferred in the author field, but are not required. Put a space between
authors’ initials. The abstract must be a concise yet comprehensive reflection of what is in your article. In
particular, the abstract must be self-contained, without abbreviations, footnotes, or references. It should be a
microcosm of the full article. The abstract must be between 150–250 words. Be sure that you adhere to
these limits; otherwise, you will need to edit your abstract accordingly. The abstract must be written as one
paragraph, and should not contain displayed mathematical equations or tabular material. The abstract
should include three or four different keywords or phrases, as this will help readers to find it. It is important
to avoid over-repetition of such phrases as this can result in a page being rejected by search engines. Ensure
that your abstract reads well and is grammatically correct.

INDEX TERMS Enter key words or phrases in alphabetical order, separated by commas. For a list of
suggested keywords, send a blank e-mail to [email protected] or visit http://www.ieee.org/organizations/
pubs/ani_prod/keywrd98.txt

I. INTRODUCTION II. GUIDELINES FOR MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

This document is a template for Microsoft Word versions When you open trans_jour.docx, select “Page Layout” from
6.0 or later. If you are reading a paper or PDF version of the “View” menu in the menu bar (View | Page Layout),
this document, please download the electronic file, Word (these instructions assume MS 6.0. Some versions may have
template, from the IEEE Author Center at alternate ways to access the same functionalities noted here).
http://ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-article/use- Then, type over sections of trans_jour.docx or cut and paste
authoring-tools-and-ieee-article-templates/ieee-article- from another document and use markup styles. The pull-
templates/ so you can use it to prepare your manuscript. If down style menu is at the left of the Formatting Toolbar at
you would prefer to use LaTeX, download IEEE’s LaTeX the top of your Word window (for example, the style at this
style and sample files from the same Web page. You can point in the document is “Text”). Highlight a section that you
also explore using the Overleaf editor at want to designate with a certain style, and then select the
https://www.overleaf.com/blog/278-how-to-use-overleaf- appropriate name on the style menu. The style will adjust
with-ieee-collabratec-your-quick-guide-to-getting- your fonts and line spacing. Do not change the font sizes or
started#.Vp6tpPkrKM9 line spacing to squeeze more text into a limited number of
If your paper is intended for a conference, please contact pages. Use italics for emphasis; do not underline.
your conference editor concerning acceptable word processor
formats for your particular conference.

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 Author Name: Preparation of Papers for IEEE Access (February 2017)

To insert images in Word, position the cursor at Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in
the insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use
the equation editor to create the equation. Then select the
From File or copy the image to the Windows
“Equation” markup style. Press the tab key and write the
clipboard and then Edit | Paste Special | Picture equation number in parentheses. To make your equations
(with “float over text” unchecked). more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp
IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper. If your function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid
paper is intended for a conference, please observe the ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations when they
conference page limits. are part of a sentence, as in

A. ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are (1)
used in the text, even after they have already been defined in Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been
the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc do defined before the equation appears or immediately
not have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate following. Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature,
periods should not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,” not “C. N. but T is the unit tesla). Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or
R. S.” Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are “equation (1),” except at the beginning of a sentence:
unavoidable (for example, “IEEE” in the title of this article). “Equation (1) is ... .”

B. OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS IV. UNITS

Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate complex Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are
modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.” Avoid strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as
dangling participles, such as, “Using (1), the potential was secondary units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in
calculated.” [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write data storage. For example, write “15 Gb/cm 2 (100 Gb/in2).”
instead, “The potential was calculated by using (1),” or An exception is when English units are used as identifiers in
“Using (1), we calculated the potential.” trade, such as “3½-in disk drive.” Avoid combining SI and
Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use CGS units, such as current in amperes and magnetic field in
“cm3,” not “cc.” Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm × oersteds. This often leads to confusion because equations do
0.2 cm,” not “0.1 × 0.2 cm2.” The abbreviation for “seconds” not balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units,
is “s,” not “sec.” Use “Wb/m2” or “webers per square meter,” clearly state the units for each quantity in an equation.
not “webers/m2.” When expressing a range of values, write The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m.
“7 to 9” or “7-9,” not “7~9.” However, if you wish to use units of T, either refer to
A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is magnetic flux density B or magnetic field strength
punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A symbolized as µ0H. Use the center dot to separate compound
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.) units, e.g., “A·m2.”
In American English, periods and commas are within
quotation marks, like “this period.” Other punctuation is V. SOME COMMON MISTAKES
“outside”! Avoid contractions; for example, write “do not” The word “data” is plural, not singular. The subscript for the
instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is preferred: “A, B, and permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter “o.”
C” instead of “A, B and C.” The term for residual magnetization is “remanence”; the
If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or adjective is “remanent”; do not write “remnance” or
plural and use the active voice (“I observed that ...” or “We “remnant.” Use the word “micrometer” instead of “micron.”
observed that ...” instead of “It was observed that ...”). A graph within a graph is an “inset,” not an “insert.” The
Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not word “alternatively” is preferred to the word “alternately”
English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to (unless you really mean something that alternates). Use the
carefully proofread your paper. word “whereas” instead of “while” (unless you are referring
to simultaneous events). Do not use the word “essentially” to
III. MATH mean “approximately” or “effectively.” Do not use the word
If you are using Word, use either the Microsoft Equation “issue” as a euphemism for “problem.” When compositions
Editor or the MathType add-on (http://www.mathtype.com) are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes;
for equations in your paper (Insert | Object | Create New | for example, “NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound
Microsoft Equation or MathType Equation). “Float over Ni0.5Mn0.5 whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some
text” should not be selected. composition NixMn1-x.
Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones
C. EQUATIONS “affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun),

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 Author Name: Preparation of Papers for IEEE Access (February 2017)

“complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and “discrete,” “principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and “principle”

Data charts which are typically black and white, but

sometimes include color.

FIGURE 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. Note

that “Fig.” is abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number,
followed by two spaces. It is good practice to explain the significance of
the figure in the caption.

(e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not confuse “imply”

and “infer.”
Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and
“ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined to
the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is no
period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (it is
also italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,” and
the abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these
abbreviations are not italicized).
A general IEEE styleguide is available at
www.ieee.org/authortools.

VI. GUIDELINES FOR GRAPHICS PREPARATION

AND SUBMISSION
D. TYPES OF GRAPHICS
The following list outlines the different types of graphics
published in IEEE journals. They are categorized based on
their construction, and use of color / shades of gray:
1) COLOR/GRAYSCALE FIGURES
Figures that are meant to appear in color, or shades of
black/gray. Such figures may include photographs,
illustrations, multicolor graphs, and flowcharts.
2) LINE ART FIGURES
Figures that are composed of only black lines and shapes.
These figures should have no shades or half-tones of gray,
only black and white.
3) AUTHOR PHOTOS
Head and shoulders shots of authors that appear at the end of
our papers.
4) TABLES

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TABLE I E. MULTIPART FIGURES

UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIESFTABLE
Figures compiled of more than one sub-figure presented side-
Conversion from Gaussian and
Symbol Quantity
CGS EMU to SI a
by-side, or stacked. If a multipart figure is made up of
 magnetic flux 1 Mx  108 Wb = 108 V·s multiple figure types (one part is lineart, and another is
B magnetic flux density, 1 G  104 T = 104 Wb/m2 grayscale or color) the figure should meet the stricter
magnetic induction guidelines.
H magnetic field strength 1 Oe  103/(4) A/m
m magnetic moment 1 erg/G = 1 emu
 103 A·m2 = 103 J/T F. FILE FORMATS FOR GRAPHICS
M magnetization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3 Format and save your graphics using a suitable graphics
 103 A/m processing program that will allow you to create the images
4M magnetization 1 G  103/(4) A/m
specific magnetization
as PostScript (PS), Encapsulated PostScript (.EPS), Tagged
 1 erg/(G·g) = 1 emu/g  1
A·m2/kg Image File Format (.TIFF), Portable Document Format
j magnetic dipole 1 erg/G = 1 emu (.PDF), or Portable Network Graphics (.PNG) sizes them,
moment  4  1010 Wb·m and adjusts the resolution settings. If you created your source
J magnetic polarization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 4  104 T
files in one of the following programs you will be able to
,  susceptibility 1  4 submit the graphics without converting to a PS, EPS, TIFF,
 mass susceptibility 1 cm3/g  4  103 m3/kg PDF, or PNG file: Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint,
 permeability 1  4  107 H/m or Microsoft Excel. Though it is not required, it is strongly
= 4  107 Wb/(A·m)
recommended that these files be saved in PDF format rather
r relative permeability   r
w, W energy density 1 erg/cm3  101 J/m3 than DOC, XLS, or PPT. Doing so will protect your figures
N, D demagnetizing factor 1  1/(4) from common font and arrow stroke issues that occur when
Vertical lines are optional in tables. Statements that serve as captions
working on the files across multiple platforms. When
for the entire table do not need footnote letters. submitting your final paper, your graphics should all be
a
Gaussian units are the same as cg emu for magnetostatics; Mx = submitted individually in one of these formats along with the
maxwell, G = gauss, Oe = oersted; Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T = manuscript.
tesla, m = meter, A = ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry.
G.

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H. SIZING OF GRAPHICS the fonts embedded, parts of the graphic may be distorted or
Most charts, graphs, and tables are one column wide (3.5 missing.
inches / 88 millimeters / 21 picas) or page wide (7.16 inches / A safe option when finalizing your figures is to strip out
181 millimeters / 43 picas). The maximum depth a graphic the fonts before you save the files, creating “outline” type.
can be is 8.5 inches (216 millimeters / 54 picas). When This converts fonts to artwork what will appear uniformly on
choosing the depth of a graphic, please allow space for a any screen.
caption. Figures can be sized between column and page
widths if the author chooses, however it is recommended that M. USING LABELS WITHIN FIGURES
figures are not sized less than column width unless when 1) FIGURE AXIS LABELS
necessary. Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use words
There is currently one publication with column rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity
measurements that do not coincide with those listed above. “Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,” not just “M.” Put
Proceedings of the IEEE has a column measurement of 3.25 units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in
inches (82.5 millimeters / 19.5 picas). Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or
The final printed size of author photographs is exactly “Magnetization (A ¿ m1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label axes
1 inch wide by 1.25 inches tall (25.4 millimeters x 31.75 with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write
millimeters / 6 picas x 7.5 picas). Author photos printed in “Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.”
editorials measure 1.59 inches wide by 2 inches tall (40 Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write
millimeters x 50 millimeters / 9.5 picas x 12 picas). “Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (103 A/m).” Do
not write “Magnetization (A/m)  1000” because the reader
I. RESOLUTION would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant
The proper resolution of your figures will depend on the type 16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible,
of figure it is as defined in the “Types of Figures” section. approximately 8 to 10 point type.
Author photographs, color, and grayscale figures should be at
2) SUBFIGURE LABELS IN MULTIPART FIGURES AND
least 300dpi. Line art, including tables should be a minimum TABLES
of 600dpi. Multipart figures should be combined and labeled before
final submission. Labels should appear centered below each
J. VECTOR ART subfigure in 8 point Times New Roman font in the format of
In order to preserve the figures’ integrity across multiple (a) (b) (c).
computer platforms, we accept files in the following formats:
.EPS/.PDF/.PS. All fonts must be embedded or text N. FILE NAMING
converted to outlines in order to achieve the best-quality Figures (line artwork or photographs) should be named
results. starting with the first 5 letters of the author’s last name. The
next characters in the filename should be the number that
K. COLOR SPACE represents the sequential location of this image in your
The term color space refers to the entire sum of colors that article. For example, in author “Anderson’s” paper, the first
can be represented within the said medium. For our purposes, three figures would be named ander1.tif, ander2.tif, and
the three main color spaces are Grayscale, RGB ander3.ps.
(red/green/blue) and CMYK (cyan/magenta/yellow/black). Tables should contain only the body of the table (not the
RGB is generally used with on-screen graphics, whereas caption) and should be named similarly to figures, except
CMYK is used for printing purposes. that ‘.t’ is inserted in-between the author’s name and the
All color figures should be generated in RGB or CMYK table number. For example, author Anderson’s first three
color space. Grayscale images should be submitted in tables would be named ander.t1.tif, ander.t2.ps, ander.t3.eps.
Grayscale color space. Line art may be provided in grayscale Author photographs should be named using the first five
OR bitmap colorspace. Note that “bitmap colorspace” and characters of the pictured author’s last name. For example,
“bitmap file format” are not the same thing. When bitmap four author photographs for a paper may be named:
color space is selected, .TIF/.TIFF/.PNG are the oppen.ps, moshc.tif, chen.eps, and duran.pdf.
recommended file formats. If two authors or more have the same last name, their first
initial(s) can be substituted for the fifth, fourth, third... letters
L. ACCEPTED FONTS WITHIN FIGURES of their surname until the degree where there is
When preparing your graphics IEEE suggests that you use of differentiation. For example, two authors Michael and
one of the following Open Type fonts: Times New Roman, Monica Oppenheimer’s photos would be named oppmi.tif,
Helvetica, Arial, Cambria, and Symbol. If you are supplying and oppmo.eps.
EPS, PS, or PDF files all fonts must be embedded. Some
fonts may only be native to your operating system; without

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O.

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P. REFERENCINGA FIGURE OR TABLE abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might elaborate on

WITHIN YOUR PAPER the importance of the work or suggest applications and
When referencing your figures and tables within your paper, extensions.
use the abbreviation “Fig.” even at the beginning of a
APPENDIX
sentence. Do not abbreviate “Table.” Tables should be
Appendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledgment.
numbered with Roman Numerals.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Q. CHECKING YOUR FIGURES: THE IEEE GRAPHICS The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in
ANALYZER
American English is without an “e” after the “g.” Use the
The IEEE Graphics Analyzer enables authors to pre-screen
singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments.
their graphics for compliance with IEEE Access standards
Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like to
before submission. The online tool, located at
thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ... .” In most
http://graphicsqc.ieee.org/, allows authors to upload their
cases, sponsor and financial support acknowledgments are
graphics in order to check that each file is the correct file
placed in the unnumbered footnote on the first page, not here.
format, resolution, size and colorspace; that no fonts are
missing or corrupt; that figures are not compiled in layers or
REFERENCES AND FOOTNOTES
have transparency, and that they are named according to the
IEEE Access naming convention. At the end of this A. REFERENCES
automated process, authors are provided with a detailed References need not be cited in text. When they are, they
report on each graphic within the web applet, as well as by appear on the line, in square brackets, inside the punctuation.
email. Multiple references are each numbered with separate
For more information on using the Graphics Analyzer brackets. When citing a section in a book, please give the
or any other graphics related topic, contact the IEEE relevant page numbers. In text, refer simply to the reference
Graphics Help Desk by e-mail at [email protected]. number. Do not use “Ref.” or “reference” except at the
beginning of a sentence: “Reference [3] shows ... .” Please do
R. SUBMITTING YOUR GRAPHICS not use automatic endnotes in Word, rather, type the
Because IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper, reference list at the end of the paper using the “References”
you do not need to position figures and tables at the top and style.
bottom of each column. In fact, all figures, figure captions, Reference numbers are set flush left and form a column of
and tables can be placed at the end of your paper. In addition their own, hanging out beyond the body of the reference. The
to, or even in lieu of submitting figures within your final reference numbers are on the line, enclosed in square
manuscript, figures should be submitted individually, brackets. In all references, the given name of the author or
separate from the manuscript in one of the file formats listed editor is abbreviated to the initial only and precedes the last
above in section VI-J. Place figure captions below the name. Use them all; use et al. only if names are not given.
figures; place table titles above the tables. Please do not Use commas around Jr., Sr., and III in names. Abbreviate
include captions as part of the figures, or put them in “text conference titles. When citing IEEE transactions, provide the
boxes” linked to the figures. Also, do not place borders issue number, page range, volume number, year, and/or
around the outside of your figures. month if available. When referencing a patent, provide the
day and the month of issue, or application. References may
S. COLOR PROCESSING / PRINTING IN IEEE not include all information; please obtain and include
JOURNALS relevant information. Do not combine references. There must
All IEEE Transactions, Journals, and Letters allow an author be only one reference with each number. If there is a URL
to publish color figures on IEEE Xplore® at no charge, and included with the print reference, it can be included at the
automatically convert them to grayscale for print versions. In end of the reference.
most journals, figures and tables may alternatively be printed Other than books, capitalize only the first word in a paper
in color if an author chooses to do so. Please note that this title, except for proper nouns and element symbols. For
service comes at an extra expense to the author. If you intend papers published in translation journals, please give the
to have print color graphics, include a note with your final English citation first, followed by the original foreign-
paper indicating which figures or tables you would like to be language citation See the end of this document for formats
handled that way, and stating that you are willing to pay the and examples of common references. For a complete
additional fee. discussion of references and their formats, see the IEEE style
manual at www.ieee.org/authortools.
VII. CONCLUSION
A conclusion section is not required. Although a conclusion B. FOOTNOTES
may review the main points of the paper, do not replicate the

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Number footnotes separately in superscripts (Insert| Along with other information, you will be asked to select
Footnote).1 Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the the subject from a pull-down list. Depending on the journal,
column in which it is cited; do not put footnotes in the there are various steps to the submission process; you must
reference list (endnotes). Use letters for table footnotes (see complete all steps for a complete submission. At the end of
Table I). each step you must click “Save and Continue”; just
uploading the paper is not sufficient. After the last step, you
VIII. SUBMITTING YOUR PAPER FOR REVIEW should see a confirmation that the submission is complete.
You should also receive an e-mail confirmation. For
A. REVIEW STAGE USING WORD 6.0 OR HIGHER
inquiries regarding the submission of your paper on
If you want to submit your file with one column
ScholarOne Manuscripts, please contact oprs-
electronically, please do the following:
[email protected] or call +1 732 465 5861.
--First, click on the View menu and choose Print Layout.
ScholarOne Manuscripts will accept files for review in
--Second, place your cursor in the first paragraph. Go to
various formats. Please check the guidelines of the specific
the Format menu, choose Columns, choose one column
journal for which you plan to submit.
Layout, and choose “apply to whole document” from the
You will be asked to file an electronic copyright form
dropdown menu.
immediately upon completing the submission process
--Third, click and drag the right margin bar to just over 4
(authors are responsible for obtaining any security
inches in width.
clearances). Failure to submit the electronic copyright could
The graphics will stay in the “second” column, but you
result in publishing delays later. You will also have the
can drag them to the first column. Make the graphic wider to
opportunity to designate your article as “open access” if you
push out any text that may try to fill in next to the graphic.
agree to pay the IEEE open access fee.
B. FINAL STAGE USING WORD 6.0
When you submit your final version (after your paper has D. FINAL STAGE USING SCHOLARONE MANUSCRIPTS
Upon acceptance, you will receive an email with specific
been accepted), print it in two-column format, including
instructions regarding the submission of your final files. To
figures and tables. You must also send your final manuscript
avoid any delays in publication, please be sure to follow
on a disk, via e-mail, or through a Web manuscript
these instructions. Most journals require that final
submission system as directed by the society contact. You
submissions be uploaded through ScholarOne Manuscripts,
may use Zip for large files, or compress files using
although some may still accept final submissions via email.
Compress, Pkzip, Stuffit, or Gzip.
Also, send a sheet of paper or PDF with complete contact Final submissions should include source files of your
information for all authors. Include full mailing addresses, accepted manuscript, high quality graphic files, and a
formatted pdf file. If you have any questions regarding the
telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses.
final submission process, please contact the administrative
This information will be used to send each author a
contact for the journal.
complimentary copy of the journal in which the paper
In addition to this, upload a file with complete contact
appears. In addition, designate one author as the
information for all authors. Include full mailing addresses,
“corresponding author.” This is the author to whom proofs
telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses.
of the paper will be sent. Proofs are sent to the
Designate the author who submitted the manuscript on
corresponding author only.
ScholarOne Manuscripts as the “corresponding author.” This
is the only author to whom proofs of the paper will be sent.
C. REVIEW STAGE USING SCHOLARONE®
MANUSCRIPTS
Contributions to the Transactions, Journals, and Letters may E. COPYRIGHT FORM
be submitted electronically on IEEE’s on-line manuscript Authors must submit an electronic IEEE Copyright Form
submission and peer-review system, ScholarOne ® (eCF) upon submitting their final manuscript files. You can
Manuscripts. You can get a listing of the publications that access the eCF system through your manuscript submission
participate in ScholarOne at http://www.ieee.org/ system or through the Author Gateway. You are responsible
publications_standards/publications/authors/authors_submiss for obtaining any necessary approvals and/or security
ion.html First check if you have an existing account. If there clearances. For additional information on intellectual
is none, please create a new account. After logging in, go to property rights, visit the IEEE Intellectual Property Rights
your Author Center and click “Submit First Draft of a New department web page at http://www.ieee.org/publications_
Manuscript.” standards/publications/rights/index.html.

IX. IEEE PUBLISHING POLICY

It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the
1
The general IEEE policy requires that authors should only
unnumbered footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to submit original work that has neither appeared elsewhere for
integrate the footnote information into the text.

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publication, nor is under review for another refereed submitting author is responsible for obtaining agreement of
publication. The submitting author must disclose all prior all coauthors and any consent required from employers or
publication(s) and current submissions when submitting a sponsors before submitting an article. The IEEE Access
manuscript. Do not publish “preliminary” data or results. The
Department strongly discourages courtesy authorship; it is [1] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial
the obligation of the authors to cite only relevant prior work. plastics,” in Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J . Peters, E d . New
Y o r k , NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64.
The IEEE Access Department does not publish conference [2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems.
records or proceedings, but can publish articles related to Belmont, CA, USA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
conferences that have undergone rigorous peer review.
Minimally, two reviews are required for every article Basic format for periodicals:
submitted for peer review. J. K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. x, no. x,
pp. xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month, year, DOI. 10.1109.XXX.123456.

X. PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES Examples:

The two types of contents of that are published are; 1) peer- [3] J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An
assessment of feasibility,” IEEE Trans. Electron
reviewed and 2) archival. The Transactions and Journals Devices, vol. ED-11, no. 1, pp. 34–39, Jan. 1959,
Department publishes scholarly articles of archival value as 10.1109/TED.2016.2628402.
well as tutorial expositions and critical reviews of classical [4] E. P. Wigner, “Theory of traveling-wave optical laser,”
subjects and topics of current interest. Phys. Rev.,
vol. 134, pp. A635–A646, Dec. 1965.
Authors should consider the following points: [5] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays,” IEEE Trans.
1) Technical papers submitted for publication must Antennas Propagat., to be published.
advance the state of knowledge and must cite relevant
prior work. Basic format for reports:
2) The length of a submitted paper should be J. K. Author, “Title of report,” Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Abbrev.
State, Country, Rep. xxx, year.
commensurate with the importance, or appropriate to
the complexity, of the work. For example, an obvious Examples:
extension of previously published work might not be [6] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen
absorption in the earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp.,
appropriate for publication or might be adequately Los Angeles, CA, USA, Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (4230-46)-
treated in just a few pages. 3, Nov. 1988.
3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the [7] J. H. Davis and J. R. Cogdell, “Calibration program for
editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper; the 16-foot antenna,” Elect. Eng. Res. Lab., Univ.
Texas, Austin, TX, USA, Tech. Memo. NGL-006-69-3,
the standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or Nov. 15, 1987.
unexpected results are reported.
4) Because replication is required for scientific progress, Basic format for handbooks:
papers submitted for publication must provide Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co.,
sufficient information to allow readers to perform Abbrev. State, Country, year, pp. xxx-xxx.
similar experiments or calculations and use the Examples:
reported results. Although not everything need be [8] Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed.,
Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, USA, 1985,
disclosed, a paper must contain new, useable, and fully pp. 44–60.
described information. For example, a specimen’s [9] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola
chemical composition need not be reported if the main Semiconductor Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA, 1989.
purpose of a paper is to introduce a new measurement
technique. Authors should expect to be challenged by Basic format for books (when available online):
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, xth
reviewers if the results are not supported by adequate ed. City of Publisher, State, Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch.x, sec.
data and critical details. x, pp. xxx–xxx. [Online]. Available: http://www.web.com
5) Papers that describe ongoing work or announce the Examples:
latest technical achievement, which are suitable for [10] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,”
presentation at a professional conference, may not be in Plastics, vol. 3, Polymers of Hexadromicon, J. Peters,
appropriate for publication. Ed., 2nd ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1964,
pp. 15-64. [Online]. Available: http://www.bookref.com.
[11] The Founders’ Constitution, Philip B. Kurland and
REFERENCES Ralph Lerner, eds., Chicago, IL, USA: Univ. Chicago
Basic format for books: Press, 1987. [Online]. Available: http://press-
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of His Published Book, pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/
xth ed. City of Publisher, (only U.S. State), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, [12] The Terahertz Wave eBook. ZOmega Terahertz Corp.,
year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx. 2014. [Online]. Available:
Examples: http://dl.z-thz.com/eBook/zomega_ebook_pdf_1206_sr.
pdf. Accessed on: May 19, 2014.

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 Author Name: Preparation of Papers for IEEE Access (February 2017)

[13] Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., The Name of the invention, by inventor’s name. (year, month day). Patent
Founders’ Constitution. Chicago, IL, USA: Univ. of Number [Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file
Chicago Press, 1987, Accessed on: Feb. 28, 2010, Example:
[Online] Available: [21] Musical toothbrush with mirror, by L.M.R. Brooks.
http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/ (1992, May 19). Patent D 326 189
[Online]. Available: NEXIS Library: LEXPAT File:
Basic format for journals (when available DES
online):
J. K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. x, Basic format for conference proceedings
no. x, pp. xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month, year. Accessed on: Month, Day,
year, DOI: 10.1109.XXX.123456, [Online].
(published):
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., City of
Examples: Conf., Abbrev. State (if given), Country, year, pp. xxxxxx.
[14] J. S. Turner, “New directions in communications,” IEEE Example:
J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 11-23, Jan.
1995.
[22] D. B. Payne and J. R. Stern, “Wavelength-switched pas-
sively coupled single-mode optical network,” in Proc.
[15] W. P. Risk, G. S. Kino, and H. J. Shaw, “Fiber-optic IOOC-ECOC, Boston, MA, USA, 1985,
frequency shifter using a surface acoustic wave incident pp. 585–590.
at an oblique angle,” Opt. Lett., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 115–
117, Feb. 1986. Example for papers presented at conferences
[16] P. Kopyt et al., “Electric properties of graphene-based (unpublished):
conductive layers from DC up to terahertz range,” IEEE [23] D. Ebehard and E. Voges, “Digital single sideband
THz Sci. Technol., to be published. DOI: detection for interferometric sensors,” presented at the
10.1109/TTHZ.2016.2544142. 2nd Int. Conf. Optical Fiber Sensors, Stuttgart,
Germany, Jan. 2-5, 1984.
Basic format for papers presented at conferences
(when available online): Basic format for patents:
J.K. Author. (year, month). Title. presented at abbrev. conference title. J. K. Author, “Title of patent,” U.S. Patent x xxx xxx, Abbrev. Month, day,
[Type of Medium]. Available: site/path/file year.

Example: Example:
[17] PROCESS Corporation, Boston, MA, USA. Intranets: [24] G. Brandli and M. Dick, “Alternating current fed power
Internet technologies deployed behind the firewall for supply,” U.S. Patent 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978.
corporate productivity. Presented at INET96 Annual
Meeting. [Online]. Available: Basic format for theses (M.S.) and dissertations
http://home.process.com/Intranets/wp2.htp
(Ph.D.):
a) J. K. Author, “Title of thesis,” M.S. thesis, Abbrev. Dept., Abbrev.
Basic format for reports and handbooks (when Univ., City of Univ., Abbrev. State, year.
available online): b) J. K. Author, “Title of dissertation,” Ph.D. dissertation, Abbrev. Dept.,
J. K. Author. “Title of report,” Company. City, State, Country. Rep. no., Abbrev. Univ., City of Univ., Abbrev. State, year.
(optional: vol./issue), Date. [Online] Available: site/path/file Examples:
Examples: [25] J. O. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer,” Ph.D.
[18] R. J. Hijmans and J. van Etten, “Raster: Geographic dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ.,
analysis and modeling with raster data,” R Package Cambridge, MA, USA, 1993.
Version 2.0-12, Jan. 12, 2012. [Online]. Available: [26] N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and
http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=raster chemical nonequilibrium nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis,
[19] Teralyzer. Lytera UG, Kirchhain, Germany [Online]. Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka Univ., Osaka, Japan, 1993.
Available:
http://www.lytera.de/Terahertz_THz_Spectroscopy.php? Basic format for the most common types of
id=home, Accessed on: Jun. 5, 2014
unpublished references:
Basic format for computer programs and a) J. K. Author, private communication, Abbrev. Month, year.
b) J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” unpublished.
electronic documents (when available online): c) J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” to be published.
Legislative body. Number of Congress, Session. (year, month day).
Number of bill or resolution, Title. [Type of medium]. Available:
Examples:
site/path/file [27] A. Harrison, private communication, May 1995.
NOTE: ISO recommends that capitalization follow the accepted [28] B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms,”
practice for the language or script in which the information is given. unpublished.
Example: [29] A. Brahms, “Representation error for real numbers in
binary computer arithmetic,” IEEE Computer Group
[20] U.S. House. 102nd Congress, 1st Session. (1991, Jan.
Repository, Paper R-67-85.
11). H. Con. Res. 1, Sense of the Congress on Approval
of Military Action. [Online]. Available: LEXIS Library:
GENFED File: BILLS Basic formats for standards:
a) Title of Standard, Standard number, date.
b) Title of Standard, Standard number, Corporate author, location, date.
Basic format for patents (when available online):
Examples:

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 Author Name: Preparation of Papers for IEEE Access (February 2017)

[30] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems, IEEE

Standard 308, 1969.
[31] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-
1968.

Article number in reference examples:

SECOND B. AUTHOR was born in Greenwich
[32] R. Fardel, M. Nagel, F. Nuesch, T. Lippert, and A.
Village, New York, NY, USA in 1977. He
Wokaun, “Fabrication of organic light emitting diode
received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in aerospace
pixels by laser-assisted forward transfer,” Appl. Phys.
engineering from the University of Virginia,
Lett., vol. 91, no. 6, Aug. 2007, Art. no. 061103. 
Charlottesville, in 2001 and the Ph.D. degree in
[33] J. Zhang and N. Tansu, “Optical gain and laser mechanical engineering from Drexel University,
characteristics of InGaN quantum wells on ternary Philadelphia, PA, in 2008.
InGaN substrates,” IEEE Photon. J., vol. 5, no. 2, Apr. From 2001 to 2004, he was a Research
2013, Art. no. 2600111. Assistant with the Princeton Plasma Physics
Example when using et al.: Laboratory. Since 2009, he has been an Assistant
[34] S. Azodolmolky et al., Experimental demonstration of Professor with the Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas A&M
an impairment aware network planning and operation University, College Station. He is the author of three books, more than 150
tool for transparent/translucent optical networks,” J. articles, and more than 70 inventions. His research interests include high-
Lightw. Technol., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 439–448, Sep. pressure and high-density nonthermal plasma discharge processes and
2011.  applications, microscale plasma discharges, discharges in liquids,
spectroscopic diagnostics, plasma propulsion, and innovation plasma
applications. He is an Associate Editor of the journal Earth, Moon,
Planets, and holds two patents.
Dr. Author was a recipient of the International Association of
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Young Scientist Award for Excellence in
2008, and the IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society Best
Symposium Paper Award in 2011.
FIRST A. AUTHOR (M’76–SM’81–F’87) and
all authors may include biographies. Biographies
are often not included in conference-related
papers. This author became a Member (M) of
IEEE in 1976, a Senior Member (SM) in 1981,
and a Fellow (F) in 1987. The first paragraph may
contain a place and/or date of birth (list place,
then date). Next, the author’s educational
THIRD C. AUTHOR, JR. (M’87) received the
background is listed. The degrees should be listed
B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from
with type of degree in what field, which
National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi,
institution, city, state, and country, and year the
Taiwan, in 2004 and the M.S. degree in
degree was earned. The author’s major field of study should be lower-
mechanical engineering from National Tsing Hua
cased.
University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, in 2006. He is
The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or she) and
currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in
not the author’s last name. It lists military and work experience, including
mechanical engineering at Texas A&M
summer and fellowship jobs. Job titles are capitalized. The current job
University, College Station, TX, USA.
must have a location; previous positions may be listed without one.
From 2008 to 2009, he was a Research
Information concerning previous publications may be included. Try not to
Assistant with the Institute of Physics, Academia
list more than three books or published articles. The format for listing
Sinica, Tapei, Taiwan. His research interest
publishers of a book within the biography is: title of book (publisher name,
includes the development of surface processing and biological/medical
year) similar to a reference. Current and previous research interests end the
treatment techniques using nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasmas,
paragraph.
fundamental study of plasma sources, and fabrication of micro- or
The third paragraph begins with the author’s title and last name (e.g.,
nanostructured surfaces.
Dr. Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms. Hunter). List any memberships in
Mr. Author’s awards and honors include the Frew Fellowship
professional societies other than the IEEE. Finally, list any awards and
(Australian Academy of Science), the I. I. Rabi Prize (APS), the European
work for IEEE committees and publications. If a photograph is provided, it
Frequency and Time Forum Award, the Carl Zeiss Research Award, the
should be of good quality, and professional-looking. Following are two
William F. Meggers Award and the Adolph Lomb Medal (OSA).
examples of an author’s biography.

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