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Fiitjee: Total Probability Theorem

The document contains 12 problems related to calculating probabilities using the total probability theorem. The problems involve scenarios like tossing coins, rolling dice, drawing balls from bags, and games involving chance. The key is to identify the sample space and possible outcomes to determine the probability of specific events occurring.

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Dhruv Mittal
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105 views2 pages

Fiitjee: Total Probability Theorem

The document contains 12 problems related to calculating probabilities using the total probability theorem. The problems involve scenarios like tossing coins, rolling dice, drawing balls from bags, and games involving chance. The key is to identify the sample space and possible outcomes to determine the probability of specific events occurring.

Uploaded by

Dhruv Mittal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FIITJEE

Total Probability Theorem


CPP
Name:__________________________________ Batch: Date: _____________
Enrollment No.:__________________________ Faculty ID: MPJ Dept. of Mathematics

1. An unbiased coin is tossed.


If the result is a head, a pair of unbiased dice is rolled and the number obtained by adding
the number on two faces is noted.
If the result is a tail, a card from a well – shuffled pack of 11 cards numbered 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, 11, 12 is picked and the number on the card is noted.
Find the probability that noted number is either 7 or 8.

2. A bag contains m – white and n – black balls. A ball is drawn at random and is put back into
the bag with k – additional balls of the same colour as that of the ball drawn.
A ball is again drawn at random, What is the probability that the ball drawn is now white.

3. A letter is known to have come from either TATANAGAR or CALCUTTA. On the letter just two
consecutive letters are visible. What is the probability that the two consecutive letters are TA.

4. A box contains N coins, m of which are fair and the rest are biased. The probability of getting
1 2
a head when a fair coin is tossed is , while it is when a biased coin is tossed. A coin is
2 3
drawn from the box and is tossed twice. Find the probability that the first time it shows a head
and then a tail.

5. A coin has probability p – of showing a head when tossed. It is tossed n – times. Let pn denote
the probability no two (or more) consecutive heads occur. Prove that
(i) p1 = 1

(ii) p2 = 1 − p2

(iii) pn = (1 − p ) pn−1 + p (1 − p ) pn−2

6. If Ram has (n + 1) and Shyam has n – fair coins, which they flip. Find the probability that Ram

gets more heads than B.

FIITJEE Ltd., Punjabi Bagh Centre, 31, 32, 33, Central Market, West Avenue Road, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi - 26, Ph: 011-45634000.
7. From a bag containing ‘a’ white and ‘b’ black balls, k (< a, b) balls are drawn and laid aside
their colour unnoted. Then one more ball is drawn. Find the probability that it is white.

8. Lot A consists of 6 good and 4 defective articles. Lot B consists of 7 good and 3 defective
articles. A new lot C is formed by taking 6 articles from lot A and 4 articles from lot B.
Find the probability that an article chosen from lot C is defective.

9. A bag contains n balls. It is given or known that the probability that among these n – balls

exactly r – balls are white is proportional to r 2 ( 0  r  n ) . A ball is drawn at random. Find the

probability that ball drawn is white.

10. Ram speaks truth in 70% of the cases.


(i) A coin is tossed. Find the probability that Ram declares that head has occurred.
(ii) A dice is rolled. Find the probability that Ram declares that the number 5 has occurred.

11. A and B play a game with pairs of dice. A has a “good” throw if the sum of A’s dice is 7, while
B has a “good” throw if the sum of B’s dice is 4. In each round they throw simultaneously. If
one of them has a “good” throw and the other does not, that player having “good” throw is
declared winner, otherwise they throw again. Find the probability that A wins.

12.

FIITJEE Ltd., Punjabi Bagh Centre, 31, 32, 33, Central Market, West Avenue Road, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi - 26, Ph: 011-45634000.

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