DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MASONRY TOOLS

I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 Identify the different types of tools and equipment

 Discuss the uses/functions of each tool
 Illustrate one tools in various groups of masonry tools.

II. Subject Matter:

Topic: Masonry tools: to identify/uses and importance of each tool’s

Materials:
Computer/Laptop
Marker
Text books
Power point presentations (Visual Aids)
Multimedia materials, Instructional video

References:
https://www.accessengineeringlibrary.com

https://www.lceted.com › 2020/04

Values Integration: Respect, Cooperation and Discipline

III. PROCEDURE

Review

Good morning and welcome to our TLE Class!

I’m Charles Vincent Paniamogan or you can call me Sir Charles, and I will be your teacher for
today's lesson.

Before we start our new lesson, let's have a recap first to our previous discussion. Last meeting, we discuss the
Alphabet of lines
The Alphabet of line are classified by line thickness and drawn thin or thick

11 types of Alphabet Line’

VISIBLE LINES

HIDDEN LINES

HIDDEN LINES

CENTER LINES

DIMENSION LINES

EXTENSION LINES

LEADER LINES

CUTTING PLANE LINES

BREAK LINES

PHANTOM LINES

Presentation of New Lesson

" What do you see in these pictures? "

" What? Yes, very good! A tool that can be seen in construction use by a Mason. These tools called Meson
tools or Masonry tools

In this lesson we are going to tackle "Masonry tools: to identify/uses and importance of each tool’s"

Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

 Identify the different types of tools and equipment

 Discuss the uses/functions of each tool
 Illustrate one tools in various groups of masonry tools.
Discussion

What is Masonry?

Masonry is one of the oldest forms of construction known to humans. The term masonry refers generally to
brick, tile, stone, concrete-block etc., or combination thereof, bonded with mortar.

Masonry work is one of those home improvement skills that few homeowners attempt to master.
Drywall, electrical, plumbing, and painting get most of the do-it-yourself attention, while masonry is
often hired out to skilled masons.

What are tools?

A tool is any instrument or simple piece of equipment that you hold in your hands and use to do a
particular kind of work. It can extend an individual's ability to modify features of the surrounding
environment. Masons have tools that are the same, yet different at the same time. Masonry tools are as
important as the skill of a mason. Masonry tools also include some of the carpentry tools like the measuring
tools, testing tools, and guiding tools. Masons also use other kinds of special tools aside from the previously
enumerated tools adopted to the kind of work involved.

The various tools used by a mason for his work can be grouped as follows.

1. Common Tools.

2. Mortar Making Tools.

3. Levelling Tools

4. Finishing Tools

5. Cutting Tools

COMMON TOOLS

In this category, all types of tools commonly used for setting the masonry
work such as

Trowels: Trowels are basic and traditional instruments developed in a

variety of shapes and sizes to suit their function. Some common types of
Trowels include

Brick trowel: Brick trowels is usually about 18 cm with a steel blade and
wood handle. Brick trowels are used to collect the motor and spread it to
the next brick course level. It is a traditional tool, made in a variety of shapes and sizes. The motor sleeping
blade from the skillet is flat on one side. The curved edge is hardened to cut bricks. The handle is angled to
balance the instrument while keeping Mason's hand away from the motor.
Small size brick trowel: It is a trowel but small, it is about 12.5 cm long and is mainly used to fill joints
between bricks.

Margin trowel: Margin trowel is like pointing, but has a flat rectangular
blade. It is used by plasterers to apply and smooth material in areas
where a larger trowel would be inconvenient.

Gauging trowel: The gauging trowel having blade length 15cm to 20cm
is used by plasterers in the same way as a margin trowel. It is preferred
by some masons for general application, such as mixing small
quantities of quick setting plaster.

Angle trowel:  Angle Trowel has a flat blade with edges facing 100mm
x 62mm wide and at right angles of 25mm height. plasterers use this to
soften the surface of the material when working in a corner.

FLOATS

Wooden float: The 50 cm long and 10 cm wide wooden strip with a handle
used to place the mortar in line on bricks, sometimes also at the time of the
plaster. It is also available in smaller sizes, such as 25cm x 10cm. The main
purpose of using floats is to fill voids, level ridges, and smooth surfaces in
trowel preparation.

Metal float: The metal float is a flat rectangular steel sheet, typically
25cm x 10cm, with a handle positioned in the centre of the back face. Its
general purpose is to apply and finish the material, applying a pure cement
finish to the plaster.

Plumb Bob: Plumb bob is a basic tool for a bricklayer to build any
bricklaying job in the vertical plane. It is available in normally mild steel
with a coating that weighs approximately 30-40 gms. The plumb bob is a
pointy weight attached to a line length that is contained in the bob itself
and clamped in a slot in the lid.

Right Angled Scales: It is used to set the right angle corner. This is the
MS. The square is 30cm x 60cm long with hands representing an inch or
so of CMSs. It is used to lay the corner of the bricks in the rectangle.
Line Dori:  This is a basic tool for any Mason to do the job. Usually a
line dory of 3 mm dia. Wax coating is used. Nowadays the nylon line
tori is very used, it can be from 1mm to 2mm dia.

Aluminums Hollow box section: Screen board is used to balance the

surface during plastering and site preparation. It can be wooden slabs
of 50mm x 65mm length 1.2m to 1.5m. An aluminium hollow box
section of 65mm x 30mm and 1.5m long is also used. This can be called
a straight edge.

Measuring Tape: A steel tape marked in meters and feet and divided
into cm and inches. Usually used by a meson to measure the length and
width of the masonry. It is available in 2m, 3m, 5m, 15m and 30m.

MORTAR MAKING TOOLS

Measuring Box: It can be a wood or steel box of 1 ft x 1 ft x 1.25 ft,

equivalent to the size of a bag of cement. When pouring raw materials
into luggage (say 1: 4), one bag of cement will be mixed with 4 pharma
sand.

Mixing Tray: Lightweight steel plate is usually used for mixing the motor. It is 2.0 m long and 1.0 m wide with
the handlebars.

Sand screen:  Usually a wire mesh of 0.9 m x 1.2 m is used as a screen

for sand in a wooden frame or angular frame. For masonry work, the
screen is 0.6 mm dairies and 10 x10 wires per inch square. For
plastering work a screen having 0.3mm dairies of wire with 24 x24 
wires per inch square.

Pan: 40cm Dia's Iron Pan is used to transport the motor. The same can
be used for the rate of mixing. If there is 1: 4 mortar mix, mix 1 pan
cement with 4 pot sand
Showel: It is the most common tool for mixing the mortar and for filling the pans.

Bucket: Generally, an iron bucket of up to 10 lit. capacity is used for mixing the water in the mortar.

Drum: A 200 lit capacity M.S. drum is used to store the water.
Nowadays PVC containers are also available.

Garden Showel: A group of 8 to 10 wires of 6 mm MS bars of 500

mm length and these wires are bent at 90-degree edges (shown in
fig.) Are a very effective tool for spreading concrete with the
required thickness in a given area.

LEVELLING TOOLS

These tools are used for setting the levels at the time of work.

Spirit level: This is the most important tool with the help of which
the degree of movement of the bubble can be determined between any
two surfaces. Typically, this tool is used for tiling work to check the
size of tiles.

It is usually 30 cm long. The important part of any level is the vial. It

is a curved or barrel glass or plastic tube which may contain alcohol,
oil or chloroform. There is a bubble of air in the liquid which floats to
the highest point of the curve, where two lines are marked in the vial.
When the position is "true", the bubble will rest between the two
lines.

Level Tube: A thin 6mm diameter clear PVC tube about 8-10m.long and
is used to check levels when filled with water. The basic principle is that
the water will occupy the same level, it is used to do the work at the level.

FINISHING TOOLS

These tools are used for finishing work such as Sponge

Sponge: A 12.5 cm x 10 cm square of the sponge is used to finish plaster surfaces as sand-coated plaster. By
applying two or three rounds of this sponge, a fine sand texture will appear on the surface.

M.S. Corners: Small pieces of MS sheet of approximately 12.5 cm in length and used for the perfect finishing
of the corners of the wall and the plaster edges of doors and windows.

Cove Corner: The corner of the cove is like a metal float, but the
rectangular blade bends in a curved width. It is used to smooth the
internal curve of decorative plaster trim that is sometimes found between ceilings and walls.

Finishing Trowel: This trowel, also called a floating trowel, consists of

a wide, flat surface with a handle on one side. Can be used as a tray to
transport large amounts of mortar or plaster and for a final pass to
smooth mortar or plaster

Brushes: At least two types of brushes 25mm wide and 75mm wide
must be with a mason to clean surfaces and finish the job.

CUTTING TOOLS

These are tools used for minor cutting or chipping work

Chisel and Hammer: There are several types of hammer and chisel
available on the market, but the bricklayer must have at least two
types of hammer weighing 1 pound and 4 pounds for dismantling
jobs and 10cm chisels for small jobs and 20cm for major
dismantling jobs.

Pointed hammer: It is like a hammer, but it has both ends with

pointed edges and is used to cut the concrete surfaces of beams and
columns or slabs before plastering, for a better bond. Some have a
pointy point for deep hacking.
Tile cutter: The simplest tile cutter is a square-sectioned steel shaft of 20cm length with a pointed tungsten
carbide tip. It is used to score a line on the glazed surface of a ceramic tile prior to snapping it off.

Portable Circular saw: The portable circular saw is an invaluable power tool. It is mainly a woodworking tool,
but with special tile cutting blades, it can be used to cut ceramics and other types of tiles

Analysis:

(The teacher will present pictures and ask if the picture is an example of levelling tools)

1. This picture is an example of?

2. Is this an example of a levelling tools?

3. How many levelling tools are there?

Generalization

This is an Individual Activity

Discuss the uses/functions of each group tools in masonry

1.Common Tools

2.Mortar Making Tools

3.Levelling Tools

4.Finishing Tools

5. Cutting Tools
Application:

(The students will be grouped into four and let them think any masonry tools groups to be presented in the class)

 The first group will create a group of masonry about their tools

 The second group will create a short brief presentation about their tools

 The third group will create their own ad about their tools

 The fourth group will create a campaign material about their chosen tools

Evaluation

Identify the following types of tools and equipment

Questions:

1. Is used to finish plaster surfaces as sand-coated plaster.

2. Is a square-sectioned steel shaft of 20cm length with a pointed tungsten carbide tip. It is used to score a line
on the glazed surface of a ceramic tile prior to snapping it off.

3. Its general purpose is to apply and finish the material, applying a pure cement finish to the plaster.

4. This is the most important tool with the help of which the degree of movement of the bubble can be
determined between any two surfaces. Typically, this tool is used for tiling work to check the size of tiles.

5. This is used by plasterers to apply and smooth material in areas where a larger trowel would be inconvenient.

Answer key:

1.sponge

2.Tile cutter

3.Metal float

4.Spilit level

5.Margin Trowel
Assignment

Illustrate one tools in various groups of masonry tools. Submit it on Edmodo Class.