CPE324 Digital Signal Processing
CPE324 Digital Signal Processing
Digital Signal Processing Spring 2022
COMSATS University Islamabad
COURSE DESCRIPTION FILE
CPE324 Digital Signal Processing
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING
COMSATS University Islamabad
COURSE DESCRIPTION FILE
CPE324 Digital Signal Processing
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Digital Signal Processing
Course code:
CPE324 (3+1)
Prerequisites:
CPE223 Signals and Systems
Co‐requisites:
None
Course Catalog Description:
Introduction: DSP and its advantages over analog signal processing. Review of signals and systems
concepts: linearity, stability, causality, convolution, correlation. Fourier analysis: Review of discrete‐time
Fourier Transform (DTFT), and discrete Fourier Series (DFS), Properties of DFS, Periodic Convolution,
Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Properties of DFT, Circular Convolution, linear vs circular convolution.
Z‐Transform: Introduction of Z‐Transform and its motivation in transform analysis of LTI systems,
computing Z‐transform and associated ROC, computing inverse Z‐transform via partial fraction expansion.
Sampling & Sampling Rate Alteration: Sampling of continuous time signals, Frequency domain
representation of sampled signals, Nyquist sampling theorem, Aliasing, Ideal reconstruction filter,
changing the sampling rate using discrete‐time processing (decimation and interpolation). Transform
analysis of LTI systems: Magnitude and phase response of LTI systems, Group delay, Frequency Response
of Rational Systems, Frequency response of a one‐zero (‐pole) system, pole zero plot representation,
Magnitude squared response, All pass systems, IIR and FIR systems, Minimum phase systems, Linear phase
systems (Type I‐IV). DT Structures: Direct form I and II, cascade and parallel representations of IIR and FIR
filters. Filter Design Techniques: Analog Filter design (Butterworth, Chebyshev Type I or II), IIR Digital filter
design using Impulse Invariance and Bilinear transformation, FIR filter design using windowing method,
FIR filter design using Frequency sampling method (time permitting).
Textbook:
1. V. Oppenheim, R. W. Schafer and J. R. Buck, Discrete‐Time Signal Processing, 2nd ed. Prentice Hall,
2006.
Other Recommended Text Books:
1. D.G. Manolakis, and V.K. Ingle. Applied Digital Signal Processing, Theory and Practice (2011).
2. S. K. Mitra. Digital Signal Processing, A Computer‐Based Approach (4e) (2011)
3. J.G. Proakis, and D.G. Manolakis. Digital Signal Processing, Principle, Algorithms, and Applications (4e)
2007
4. E.C. Ifeachor and B.W. Jervis. Digital Signal Processing – A Practical Approach (2e) (2002)
Course Learning Objectives:
This course is designed to familiarize students with the fundamental concepts in digital signal processing.
The students are expected to learn the analysis of discrete time signals and LTI systems in both time and
frequency domains, and shall also study some fundamental techniques in designing IIR and FIR filter.
Moreover, emphasis is placed on teaching students the mechanism of sampling process and related
concepts of aliasing, how to change the sampling rate of discrete time signals, and commonly used (but
important) digital filter topologies.
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
After successfully completing this course, the students will be able to:
1. Understand basics of core topics in digital signal processing including discrete‐time signals and
systems, Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Z‐transform,
sampling theorem and FIR/IIR Filters. (C3‐PLO1)
2. Discretize continuous signals and systems and perform their transform‐domain analysis using Discrete
Fourier Transform and Z‐Transform. Also see how sampling‐rate alteration may affect the transform
domain analysis. (C4‐PLO2)
3. Design digital (FIR and IIR) filters and develop various structures for their realization. (C5‐PLO3)
4. Perform MATLAB/Simulink simulations, as well as gain hands‐on experience on DSP kits during the lab
experiments. (A3‐PLO5)
5. Present and analyze data with effective report writing skills. (A2‐PLO10)
Course Schedule:
3 credit hours/week
One laboratory session/week (3 hours/session)
Topics Covered:
1. Introduction to discrete‐time and digital signal processing, Review of basic discrete time signal and
system concepts: LTI systems and their time domain characterization via impulse response (and
discrete convolution), Discrete time Fourier transform (DTFT), Difference Equations (2 week)
2. Discrete Fourier Series (DFS) and its properties, periodic convolution, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and
its properties, circular convolution, computing linear convolution via circular convolution (2 weeks)
3. Z‐transform and its properties, Region of convergence (ROC), computation of inverse Z‐transform via
partial fraction expansion (2 week)
4. Ideal sampling and reconstruction in time and frequency domain, Nyquist sampling theorem, aliasing,
Increasing and decreasing the sampling rate of a signal via interpolators and decimators respectively
(2 weeks)
5. Transform analysis of LTI systems: group delay, system transfer function, pole zero representation
and its significance, IIR and FIR systems, All‐pass systems, Minimum phase systems, Linear phase
systems (Type 1‐4) (2 weeks)
6. Direct‐form 1, Direct‐form 2, cascade, and parallel structures for IIR and FIR digital filters (1 week)
7. Analog filter design: Butterworth and Chebechev filters. IIR low‐pass filter design using i) impulse
invariance transformation, and ii) bilinear transformation methods. FIR filter design using windowing
method (3 weeks)
8. Course summary
Assessment Plan:
Theory Quizzes (4) 15%
Homework assignments 10%
Mid‐term exam (in class, 60‐80 minutes) 25%
Terminal exam (3 hours) 50%
Total (theory) 100%
Lab work Lab reports (12) 25%
Lab Mid‐term exam 25%
Lab project and terminal exam 50%
Total (lab) 100%
Final marks Theory marks * 0.75 + Lab marks * 0.25
Learning Outcomes Assessment Plan (Tentative):
Sr. # Course Learning Outcomes Assessment
1. Quiz 1
2. Quiz 2
3. Quiz 3
4. Quiz 4
5. Assignment 1
6. Assignment 2
7. Assignment 3
8. Assignment 4
9. Mid‐term Exam
10. Terminal Exam
Table 1: Assessment Plan for Course Learning Outcomes
Laboratory Experiences:
There is a laboratory component in all 3+1 credit courses taught at the department. Lab work consists of
a minimum of 12 experiments and related assignments, which constitute 25% of the overall course‐grade.
The laboratory experiments are designed to provide students with hands‐on experience in:
i) Analysis of discrete signals and LTI systems in MATLAB,
ii) System model designing in the Simulink environment,
iii) Digital filter designing in MATLAB, iv) Implementation of Simulink models and digital filters on the
available DSP kits.
Laboratory Resources:
The relevant laboratory is equipped with workbenches and required hardware and software resources to
perform the experiments outlined in the lab handbook(s) that are periodically updated. A current list of
the 12 lab experiments performed in this course is provided as Annexure‐II. The list of software and
equipment available is also posted in all labs and is managed by staff dedicated for this purpose. In relation
to the DSP course, the laboratories are fully equipped with: i) adequate work benches with computers
and relevant software (especially Matlab) installed, ii) DSP starter kits (both fixed‐ and floating point).
Mapping Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) to Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs):
PLO 1 Engineering Knowledge: An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science,
engineering fundamentals and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex
engineering problems.
PLO 2 Problem Analysis: An ability to identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze
complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles
of mathematics, natural sciences and engineering sciences.
PLO 3 Design/Development of Solutions: An ability to design solutions for complex
engineering problems and design systems, components or processes that meet
specified needs with appropriate consideration for public health and safety, cultural,
societal, and environmental considerations.
PLO 4 Investigation: An ability to investigate complex engineering problems in a methodical
way including literature survey, design and conduct of experiments, analysis and
interpretation of experimental data, and synthesis of information to derive valid
conclusions.
PLO 5 Modern Tool Usage: An ability to create, select and apply appropriate techniques,
resources, and modern engineering and IT tools, including prediction and modeling, to
complex engineering activities, with an understanding of the limitations.
PLO 6 The Engineer and Society: An ability to apply reasoning informed by contextual
knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the
consequent responsibilities relevant to professional engineering practice and solution
to complex engineering problems.
PLO 7 Environment and Sustainability: An ability to understand the impact of professional
engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts and demonstrate
knowledge of and need for sustainable development.
PLO 8 Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
and norms of engineering practice.
PLO 9 Individual and Team Work: An ability to work effectively, as an individual or in a team,
on multifaceted and /or multidisciplinary settings.
PLO 10 Communication: An ability to communicate effectively, orally as well as in writing, on
complex engineering activities with the engineering community and with society at
large, such as being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design
documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
PLO 11 Project Management: An ability to demonstrate management skills and apply
engineering principles to one’s own work, as a member and/or leader in a team, to
manage projects in a multidisciplinary environment.
PLO 12 Lifelong Learning: An ability to recognize importance of, and pursue lifelong learning in
the broader context of innovation and technological developments.
PLOs
PLO10
PLO11
PL012
PLO 9
PLO1
PLO2
PLO3
PLO4
PLO5
PLO6
PLO7
PLO8
CLOs
CLO1 C3
CLO2 C4
CLO3 C5
CLO4 A3
CLO5 A2
Table 2: Mapping CLOs to PLOs
PLO Coverage Explanation:
PLO 1 ‐ Engineering Knowledge:
Fundamental knowledge of mathematics and engineering is a prerequisite for this course and is
thoroughly tested via quizzes, assignments and sessional exams.
PLO 2 ‐ Problem Analysis:
The homework, quizzes, exams, and laboratory experiments have been designed to encourage students
to analyze complex problems related to signal processing.
PLO 3 ‐ Design/Development of Solutions:
In the second half of the course, students are equipped with the knowledge of digital filter design methods
given some of the economic and manufacturability constraints involved in the process. For instance, in
this course we emphasis on the filter design structures which are canonic (require minimum components).
Students are given chances to test those abilities with various homework assignments and especially
during lab sessions. The course however does not cover the environmental, social, political, and ethical
issues of system design. Students are also encouraged to come up with their own design of a signal
processing system and test and implement it during their semester project.
PLO 5 ‐ Modern Tool Usage:
Effective use of the MATLAB design and simulation tools (including Simulink) is an important requirement
of the course. Students also learn to use highly advanced DSP kits during this course with special emphasis
on interfacing between DSP kits and Matlab‐based Simulink tool. The final semester project also prepares
students to become well‐equipped in the technology.
PLO 4, 6 ‐ 12: These PLOs are not directly addressed in this course.
ANNEXURE‐I
Tentative Lecture Breakdown (28 Lectures):
No. of
Topics
lectures
Introduction to discrete‐time sequences (signals) and systems, Introduction to DSP and
1
its advantages over analog signal processing.
Review of signals and systems concepts: Linearity, stability, time invariance and causality
properties of discrete time systems, discrete complex exponentials and their properties,
4
discrete convolution operation, analysis of discrete time signals in the frequency domain
‐ DTFT, convergence and properties of DTFT, difference equations.
Discrete Fourier Series (DFS), Properties of DFS, Periodic Convolution, Discrete Fourier
4
Transform (DFT), Properties of DFT, Circular Convolution, Linear vs circular convolution.
Introduction of Z‐Transform and its motivation in transform analysis of LTI systems,
computing Z‐transform and associated ROC, computing inverse Z‐transform via partial 4
fraction expansion
Sampling of continuous time signals, Frequency domain representation of sampled
signals, Nyquist sampling theorem, Aliasing, Ideal reconstruction filter, Changing the 4
sampling rate using discrete‐time processing (decimation and interpolation)
Transform analysis of LTI systems: Magnitude and phase response of LTI systems, Group
delay, Frequency Response of Rational Systems, Frequency response of a one‐zero (‐ 2
pole) system, Pole‐zero representation, Magnitude squared response.
All pass systems, IIR and FIR systems, Minimum phase systems, Linear phase systems
2
(Type I‐IV).
Direct form I and II representations of IIR and FIR filters 1
Analog Filter design (Butterworth, Chebyshev Type I or II). 2
IIR Digital filter design using Impulse Invariance (IIT) and Bilinear transformation (BLT).
IIR Filter design using different combination of Butterworth, Chebyshev, IIT and BLT 3
methods.
FIR filter design using windowing method, Course review 1
Version Applicable From
Version 1 Fall 2016
Version 2 Spring 2017
Version 3 Fall 2017
Version 4 Fall 2021