Project work was submitted for the partial fulfillment of

the requirement for the grade 11 science in Math

By
Name of the student: Avinash Yadav
Grade: 11
Section: Technical

Kalika Manavgyan Secondary School

Kalikanagar, Butwal,Rupandehi
Nepal
 Certificate of approval

The project word entitled “Vector Geometry and Its Application”

by Mr Avinash Yadav
Under the supervision of “Vishnu Pandey”, of Kalika Manavgyan
Secondary School, Nepal, is hereby submitted for the partial fulfillment
of the requirement for the grade 11 science in Math in Grade 11. This
project work has not been submitted to any other school /college
previously for the award of Grade 11.

Vishnu Pandey
Name of Supervisor

…………………..
Signature
 DECLARATION

I “Avinash Yadav” hereby declare that the project work entitled

“Vector Geometry and Its Application” under the supervision of
“Vishnu Pandey” of Kalika Manavgyan Secondary School is done
originally by me and has not been submitted elsewhere for the award
of any degree. All sources of information have been specifically
acknowledged by reference to the authors or institutions.

Student name: Avinash Yadav

Signature:
Grade:11
Section: Technical
 Acknowledgements

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my

teacher (Vishnu Pandey) as well as our Co ordinator (Arbind
Dubey)who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful
project on the topic (Vector Geometry), which also helped me in
doing a lot of Research and i came to know about so many new
things I am really thankful to them.
Secondly i would also like to thank my parents and friends who
helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time
frame.
 Table of Content

Background of study…………………..

Objective………………………………

Introduction……………………………

Theory…………………………………

Conclusion…………………………….

Application……………………………..

References……………………………..
Background of study
Quantity having magnitude and direction follow the vector law of
addition considered as vector. Example ; displacement, velocity etc. All
vector quantities have direction but all quantities that have direction
are not vector. Eg. Electric current. A vector can shift parallel to itself
and the angle between two vectors is the smaller of the two angles
between the vectors when they are joined tail to tail. A unit Vector
gives direction to quantity. Resolution of vector and composition of
vector helps us to calculate the solution of problem. It helps to find the
resultant. This project tells us about the application of vector in
geometry, dot product in trigonometry, vector product in plane
trigonometry and real applications of its in real life.
Objective
After working through these materials, the student should be able
• To find the application of vector in Pythagoras Theorem.
• To find the application of Vector in Geometry
• Finding application of Dot Product in Trigonometry
• To find the application of vector product in Plane Trigonometry
 Introduction

Vector, a quantity that has both magnitude and direction. It is typically

represented by an arrow whose direction is the same as that of the
quantity and whose length is proportional to the quantity’s magnitude.
Although a vector has magnitude and direction, it does not have
position. That is, as its length is not changed, a vector is not altered if it
is displaced parallel to itself. To qualify as a vector, a quantity having
magnitude and direction must also obey certain rules of combination.
One of these is vector addition, written symbolically as A + B = C
(vectors are conventionally written as boldface letters). Geometrically,
the vector sum can be visualized by placing the tail of vector B at the
head of vector A and drawing vector C—starting from the tail of A and
ending at the head of B—so that it completes the triangle. If A, B, and C
are vector, it must be possible to perform the same operation and achieve
the same result (C) in reverse order, B + A = C. Quantities such as
displacement and velocity have this property (commutative law), but
there are quantities (e.g., finite rotations in space) that do not and
therefore are not vectors.

Triangle law of vector addition states that when two vectors are
represented as two sides of the triangle with the order of magnitude
and direction, then the third side of the triangle represents the
magnitude and direction of the resultant vector. Statement of
Parallelogram Law of Vector Addition: If two vectors can be
represented by the two adjacent sides (both in magnitude and direction)
of a parallelogram drawn from a point, then their resultant sum vector is
represented completely by the diagonal of the parallelogram drawn from
the same point.
Difference of Two Vectors

Commented [NJ1]:
Theorem
Theorem

1)Two non- zero, non collinear vectors are linearly independent.

2) Two collinear vectors are linearly dependent.
3)Decomposition of a vector in a plane or test of co-planarity of
three vectors.
4) Three vectors are coplanar if one of them is expressible as a linear
combination of the other two.
5) Three non coplanar vectors are linearly independent.

Product of Vectors

Scalar Product/Dot Product:

The product of two vectors
giving scalar quantity is called dot product. The dot product, or
inner product, of two vectors, is the sum of the products of
corresponding components. Equivalently, it is the product of
their magnitudes, times the cosine of the angle between them. The
dot product of a vector with itself is the square of its magnitude.
Properties:
Application of Vector in Geometry
1) Pythagoras Theorem

2) In a right angled triangle, the midpoint of the hypotenuse is

equidistant from its vertices.
3) The angle in a semicircle is a right angle.

4) The altitudes of a triangle are concurrent.

5) The perpendicular bisector of the sides of a triangle are
concurrent.
6) If the diagonals of a parallelogram are equal then it is a
rectangle.
Application of Dot Product in Trigonometry

Cosine law

COS (A+B) = COS A COS B-SIN A SIN B

Application of Vector Product in Plane Trigonometry
SINE LAW
Conclusion:
In this chapter there are many applications of vector. Its main
purpose is to give direction to physical quantity. We can use the
vector in geometry, dot product in trigonometry and vector
product in plane trigonometry. We can also use it to find the
vectorial equation of a straight line which passes through a given
point and is parallel to a given vector.

Application of Vector in real Life

• Navigating by air and by boat is generally done using vectors.

 • Planes are given a vector to travel, and they use their speed to determine
how far they need to go before turning or landing. Flight plans are made
using a series of vectors.
• Sports instructions are based on using vectors.
PROJECTILE In Sports like basketball, baseball vector is used
unconsciously by the players. This presentation is related to real life
application of vector. Where vector is used in our life e.g projectile, in
gaming, avoiding crosswind, aviation, designing roller coaster etc.

REFERENCES
1)BOOKS
2)www.physicwallah.com
3)Wikipedia
4)google