ADVANCED LEVEL PHYSICS TEACHING SCHEMES

LOWER SIXTH SCIENCE

FIRST TERM

WEEK TOPIC LESSON CONTENTS OBJECTIVES REMARKS/

ACTIVITIES
FIRST SEQUENCE

1.1 Physical quantities a) Explain what is meant by a physical

1.2 Base quantities - the magnitude of a physical quantity
1.0 and base units quantity b) Represent a physical quantity
1.3 Derived quantities - base quantities and their units c) Name base quantities and their units
and derived (SI) - derived quantities and their d) Obtain base units from derived or SI units
1 PHYSICAL units units e) Distinguish between homogeneity and
Homogeneity of - homogeneity of an equation physical correctness of an equation
physical equations - physical correctness of an f) Prove homogeneity of physical equations
QUANTITIES equation

- scalar quantities a) Distinguish between scalar and vector

AND - vector quantities quantities
- vector nature of physical b) Calculate magnitude of vectors
1.4 Scalar and vector quantities c) Add or subtract vectors
2 EXPERIMENTAL quantities - representing vector quantities d) Resolve vectors into perpendicular
- combining vectors: co-linear, components
coplanar and concurrent e) Explain the usefulness of the vertical
PHYSICS - resolving vectors component
- use of standard measuring a) Measure physical quantities using
1.5 Experimental instruments standard measuring instruments.
1 physics - null deflection methods b) Use a galvanometer in null methods
1.6 Accuracy and a) Distinguish between precision and
Sensitivity accuracy
2 - the use of standards to calibrate b) Determine the accuracies of measuring
measuring instruments. instruments
c) calibrate measuring instruments
a) Use CRO to measure p.d., current and
- Use of the Cathode Ray time of an a.c.
3 1.7 instruments Oscilloscope b) Use of CRO as a voltmeter, ammeter and
clock
3 2.1 Rectilinear - displacement / distance (i) Define each quantity, stating its SI units
Motion - velocity / speed: average,
instantaneous, uniform and (ii) Derive the equations of motion
2.11 Definitions of terminal (iii) Determine velocity/ acceleration using
related terminology - acceleration / deceleration suitable apparatus
- equations of uniformly
2.12 Equations of accelerated linear motion (iv) Sketch and interpret motion graphs
uniformly accelerated - displacement / time graphs (v) use the equations of motion to solve
linear motion - velocity / time graphs related problems
- measurement of velocity and
2.0 2.13 Motion Graphs acceleration by appropriate (vi) Apply rectilinear motion in sports
means

- motion under gravity

2.14 Motion under - time and speed symmetry in (vii) Measure the acceleration of free fall
gravity vertical motion under gravity (viii) Determine the range and maximum
MECHANICS - Measurement of acceleration height reached in projectile motion
8.1 Projectile Motion due to gravity, g (ix) Calculate time of flight
- projectile motion
- motion with non-uniform
acceleration (i) Define angular speed, angular velocity
and centripetal acceleration, and the unit
vectors r and θ
4 - angular speed (ii) Derive the equations: v = rω r and
2.2 Circular motion a = rω2 r
- angular velocity (iii) Express angular displacements in
radians
- centripetal acceleration (iv) Use the concepts of angular velocity to
solve problems
- centripetal force (v) Use the equations in (ii) above to solve
problems
- motion in a vertical circle (vi) Describe qualitatively, motion in a
curved path due to a perpendicular force
(vii) Recall and apply centripetal force as
F = mrω2 r
(i) Name and explain the nature of the
5 2.3 Forces - definition of force different types of forces
- types of forces (ii) Calculate weight using W = m g
 - effects / applications of friction (iii) State the importance of friction in
- calculation of weight everyday activities

2.4 Turning Effects - moments (i) Define the moment of a force, a couple
5 of Forces - couples (ii) Calculate moments and torques
- torques (iii) State and apply the principle of
- static and dynamic equilibrium moments
- coplanar forces (iv) State and use the conditions of static and
- conditions for equilibrium dynamic equilibrium of a body
(v) Explain the use of couples and torques in
everyday life

6
2.5 - Newton’s first law and inertia (i) State Newton’s laws of motion
2.0 Newton’s Laws - Newton’s second law and (ii) State the application of each law in
of Motion and momentum everyday life
Momentum - Newton’s third law and reaction (iii) Define momentum and state its units
pairs (iv) Use the expression F = m a as a special
- momentum case of Newton’s second law
- conservation of linear (v) Do appropriate calculations using F= ma
MECHANICS momentum (vi) Define the newton
- elastic and inelastic collisions (vii) State and apply the principle of
conservation of linear momentum
(viii) Distinguish between elastic and
inelastic collisions
END OF FIRST END OF FIRST
SEQUENCE SEQUENCE END OF FIRST SEQUENCE END OF FIRST SEQUENCE
EVALUATION EVALUATION EVALUATION EVALUATION
SECOND SEQUENCE BEGINS
 (i) Define work, power and energy, stating
- work their units.
2.6 (ii) State that whenever work is done on a
7. - power body it gains energy.
Work, (iii) Calculate the different forms of
2.0 - kinetic energy mechanical energy from: EP = ½ k x2
P.E. = m g h K.E. = ½ m v2
Energy - potential energy (iv) State and apply the law of conservation
of energy
- gravitational potential energy (v) Use the work – energy equation in
And solving problems
MECHANICS - elastic potential energy (vi) Apply the Einstein’s mass – energy
equation: E = m c2
Power - law of conservation of energy (vii) State the different applications of
energy in the home
- conservative forces (viii) Explain the relationship between
power, work and energy
3.0
3.1 - Periodic Motion (i) State the characteristics of a periodic
SIMPLE motion, giving everyday examples e.g. heart
- definition of SHM beat, change of tides and rotation of the earth
HARMONIC (ii) Explain what is meant by an oscillation
Simple 2
- the equation of SHM: a = - ω r (iii) Define Simple Harmonic Motion
MOTION (iv) Define amplitude, period, frequency and
- definition of terms associated pulsatance
Harmonic Motion with SHM (v) Express the period in terms of frequency
AND WAVES or pulsatance
- Simple Harmonic Equations and (vi) Recall and use the defining equation of
Graphs; x = xosinωt, SHM: a = - ω2r
v = vocosωt = xoωcosωt (vii) Draw graphs to illustrate the variation
a = - xo ω2sinωt of displacement, velocity and acceleration of
a SHO with time.
- Simple Harmonic Oscillators :
3.1 a) the simple pendulum (viii) Give examples of SHO
Simple b) mass-spring system (ix) Analyze the motion of SHO
8 Harmonic Motion - Energy of a Simple Harmonic (x) Describe the interchange of energy
Oscillator: between K.E. and P.E. for a SHO.
Ep = ½ m ω2 ao2 cos2ωt
3.0 Ek = ½ m ω2ao2 sin2 ω t
 ET = ½ m ω2ao2

SIMPLE (i) Give practical examples of free

- Qualitative and experimental oscillations
HARMONIC Mechanical treatment of free, damped and (ii) Describe practical examples of damped
forced oscillations. oscillations with particular emphasis on the
MOTION degree of damping
- Mechanical resonance (iii) Give practical examples of forced
Resonance oscillations
AND WAVES - Everyday occurrences and (iv) Sketch graphs to show how the
effects of mechanical resonance amplitude of oscillation varies with
frequency.
(v) Define resonance
(vi) Give the importance of mechanical
3.0 resonance

9 SIMPLE
3.2 - mechanical waves on water, (i) Distinguish, giving examples, between:
HARMONIC along strings and in air a) mechanical and e.m. waves,
- progressive waves b) longitudinal and transverse waves
MOTION Mechanical - graphical interpretation of c) progressive and stationary waves
Waves amplitude, speed, wavelength, (ii) Draw displacement – time and
period and phase displacement – distance graphs
AND WAVES - longitudinal waves and (iii) Interpret such graphs
transverse waves (iv) Define amplitude, period, frequency,
- wave fronts wavelength
- reflection and refraction of (v) Define and describe wave fronts
waves (vi) Draw diagrams to explain reflection and
Factors affecting the speed of refraction of waves using wave fronts.
transverse waves on taut strings (vii) Describe the factors that affect the
speed of transverse waves
10.1
10 The Doppler - meaning of Doppler effect (i) Describe the term ‘Doppler effect’
Effect In Sound - moving source (ii) Derive the associated equations
- moving observer (iii) Use these equations to solve exercises

- meaning of superposition (i) Explain the principle of superposition

- the Principle of Superposition (ii) Apply this principle to simple exercises
10.2 - illustration of superposition (iii) Demonstrate superposition using:
 10.0 using two sets of spherical sound microwaves, stretched strings and air
The waves and waves on taut strings columns in closed or opened pipes.
WAVE Superposition Of - phase difference and path (iv) Explain the formation of stationary
difference waves using graphs, and identify nodes
Mechanical
PHENOMENA - measurement of speed of sound and antinodes.
Waves in free air

- the EM spectrum, method of (i) Outline the EM spectrum in terms of

production, chief properties and increasing wavelength or frequency
10.0 10.3 uses of the main divisions (ii) State the characteristics of EM waves
- characteristics of EM waves (iii) List the sources, properties, uses and
WAVE - meaning and application of detectors of each portion of EM spectrum
Electromagnetic
11 plain polarization (iv) Explain what is meant by polarization
PHENOMENA Waves (v) Describe the different means by which
polarization is achieved
(vi) Explain the different applications of
polarization.
12
END OF SECOND SEQUENCE HARMONIZED EVALUATIONS TEST ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE AND
ADJUST TEACHING METHODS / TECHNIQUES
THIRD SEQUENCE BEGINS

- Meaning of diffraction (i) Explain the meaning of diffraction

10.4 (ii) Describe experiments that demonstrate
- Fraunhofer diffraction at a diffraction through narrow and wide gaps.
single slit (iii) Describe Fraunhofer diffraction pattern
Superposition of
10.0 at a single slit and circular aperture
- Fraunhofer diffraction at a (iv) Derive the diffraction equation:
WAVE Electromagnetic circular aperture nλ = d sin θ
13 (v) Explain the effect of diffraction grating
PHENOMENA Waves - Optical transmission grating on white light (spectrum production)
with normal incidence (vi) Explain the term’ interference’
(vii) State the conditions for interference of
- multiple slit diffraction water waves using two slits.
(viii) Describe experiments that illustrate
- meaning of interference double – slit interference in water, light
and microwaves
- two- source interference pattern (ix) Solve problems using the equation
 10.4 - Young’s Double Slit experiment (x) Explain coherence state the conditions
for its occurrence
- measurement of wavelength by (xi) Determine wavelength by method of
Superposition of
Young’s double slit experiment Young’s double slit experiment.
Electromagnetic (xii) State the approximate dimensions of slit
Waves size, slit separation and screen distance.
- light sources: LASERS (i) Explain the meaning of LASERS
10.4 and gas discharge lamps (ii) Describe the method of production of
10.0 Superposition of light by gas discharge lamps and by LASER
(iii) Give the advantages of LASERS over
Electromagnetic
WAVE the gas discharge tube.
Waves
PHENOMENA - reflection and refraction at plain
(i) Define reflection and refraction
10.5 surfaces (ii) State the laws of reflection
- laws of refraction (iii) State the laws of refraction
14 Geometrical - refractive index (iv) Prove the laws of reflection, refraction
Optics - total internal reflection
and the phenomenon of total internal
reflection using Huygens’ wave front
construction
- prisms (i) Trace the path of a light ray through a
prism
- dispersion (ii) Explain what is meant by dispersion
15 10.5 (iii) Describe the production of a pure and an
-lenses impure spectrum
Geometrical (iv) State characteristics of images formed
- dioptre by a concave lens and by a convex lens
Optics
(v) Use the lens formula to solve problems
- Optical instruments: (vi) Describe the application of lenses in the
the microscope microscope, telescope and the les camera
the astronomical telescope (vii) Calculate the magnifying power of
optical instruments
(viii) Explain the defects of lenses e.g. coma,
spherical and chromatic aberrations
END OF FIRST TERM / END OF THIRD SEQUENCE PART ONE
SECOND TERM BEGINS / THIRD SEQUENCE PART TWO CONTINUES

16 (i) State that heat is energy in the process of

transfer from hot to cold regions.
4.0 - Temperature and thermometers (ii) Define temperature.
 4.1 (iii) Explain what is meant by thermometric
- Temperature scales substance and thermometric property,
ENERGETICS giving examples of each.
- Mercury–in–glass thermometer (iv) Name the different types of
thermometers, stating their thermometric
Temperature - Thermocouple thermometer substances and properties.
(v) Compare the relative advantages and
(THERMAL - The Zeroth Law of disadvantages of resistance and
thermodynamics thermocouple thermometers
ENERGY) (vi) Discuss the different temperature scales
relating to their being used for the
calibration of a thermometer.
(vii) State that the absolute scale of
temperature does not depend on any
particular property of a substance
(viii) Convert temperatures measured in
Kelvin to degree Celsius:
θ / °C = T / K – 273.15
(ix) Explain the term thermal equilibrium.
(x) State the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

4.2 - Forms of energy (i) Name and explain the different forms of
- Concepts of energy transfer and energy
energy conversion (ii) Apply the principle of conservation of
Energy Transfer - Conservation of energy energy to the forms of energy.

4.2 (iii) State and explain the concept of internal

- Internal energy energy
17 (iv) State that internal energy is the sum of
Energy Transfer - The First Law of the random distribution of K.E. and P.E
Thermodynamics of the molecules of the system.
(v) Relate a rise in temperature of a body to
an increase in its internal energy
(vi) Use the concept of efficiency to solve
problems involving energy losses in
practical devices.
(vii) State the First law of thermodynamics
and use it in the form ΔQ = ΔU + ΔW to
 solve problems
4.3
- Measurement of Specific Heat (i) Define Heat Capacity and Specific Heat
Heating
Capacity of : a solid Capacity
Matter a liquid (ii) Describe exp’ts to measure SHC of
solids and liquids

4.3 - Meaning of latent heat and (iii) Define SLHF and SLHV
Heating specific latent heat (iv) Explain using the kinetic theory, why
a) melting and vaporization take place at
Matter
18 - Measurement of: constant temperature
SLHF of ice b) the SLHV is higher than SLHF
SLHV of water c) a cooling effect accompanies
evaporation

END OF THIRD END OF THIRD SEQUENCE END OF THIRD SEQUENCE

SEQUENCE EVALUATION EVALUATION
EVALUATION
FOURTH SEQUENCE BEGINS

(i) Explain what is meant by conduction,

convection and radiation
19 4.4 - conduction (ii) Describe exp’ts to demonstrate the
properties of good and bad conductors of
Thermal energy - convection heat, giving examples.
(iii) Give a molecular account of the transfer
transfer
- radiation of heat in solids
(iv) Relate convection in fluids to density
- thermal conductivity changes
(v) Describe exp’ts to illustrate convection
- good and poor conductors (vi) Identify Infra-Red radiation as part of
the electromagnetic spectrum.
- Newton’s law of cooling (vii) Describe exp’ts to show the properties
of good and bad emitters, and absorbers
(viii) State everyday applications /
consequences of conduction, convection
and radiation
- Gases
20 - Brownian motion in gases (i) State the basic assumptions of the kinetic
 - The Gas Laws theory of gases
9.0 - The Kinetic Theory of Gases (ii) Use the kinetic theory to explain the
- Assumptions of the kinetic pressure exerted by gases
THERMAL 9.1 theory of gases (iii) Solve problems using the equation of
- Differences between Real gases state for an ideal gas PV = nRT
PHYSICS – and Ideal gases (iv) Derive the relations P = 1/3 ρ c2 and
K.E. = 3/2 kT
THERMO The Gas Laws - Pressure exerted by gas (v) Establish the relationship between
molecules on the walls of the pressure and absolute temperature.
DYNAMICS container

- Absolute zero of temperature

and the Kelvin temperature scale
- distribution of molecular speeds
- P- V diagrams

9.3 - Statement of the law (i) State the second law of thermodynamics
21 - Degrees of disorder in a system (ii) Explain what is meant by entropy
The Second Law - Reversible and irreversible (iii) State that entropy is a more natural state
processes than order.
Of
- Entropy change (iv) Name and explain some reversible and
irreversible processes
Thermodynamics
4.0 (i) Describe the simple kinetic model for
solids, liquids and gases.
ENERGETICS - The kinetic theory of matter (ii) Distinguish between the states of matter
- Solids: density in terms of spacing ordering and motion
forces/separation of molecules
potential energy/ separation (iii) Distinguish between the structure of
4.5 crystalline, polymeric and amorphous
solids.
Solids and - Stresses and Strains (iv) Explain tensile stress and compressive
Liquids - Elasticity and hysteresis stress
- Hooke’s Law and elastic limit (v) Describe the behavior of springs in terms
of load, extension, elastic limit, Hooke’s
law and spring constant
(vi) Sketch force-extension graphs for
ductile, brittle and polymeric materials.
 (i) Define and use the terms stress, strain and
- Young’s Modulus of elasticity Young’s Modulus
- Surface tension (ii) Describe an experiment to determine
4.5 Young’s modulus in the form of a wire.
22 Solids and - Pressure difference in fluids: (iii) Distinguish between elastic and plastic
Liquids P = hρg, deformation of a material
manometers, (iv) Deduce the strain energy in a deformed
hydrostatic force material from the area under the force –
extension graph
(v) Derive and use the equation P = hρg
(vi) Define surface tension
(vii) Determine the pressure difference
across a spherical interface.
(viii) Describe exp’ts to measure surface
tension
7.0
7.1 - Electric current (i) Express electric current as the rate of flow
- Potential Difference of charged particles
ELECTRICAL - Electromotive Force (ii) Define e.m.f. in terms of energy
Current - Current – Potential difference (iii) Distinguish between e.m.f. and p.d. in
ENERGY relationships terms of energy considerations
Electricity - Ohm’s Law (iv) Sketch and explain the I – V
characteristics of conductors, semi-
conductor diodes and filament lamp
(v) State Ohm’s law and use the relationship
V = IR

- Resistance, resistivity, (i) Explain the meanings of resistance,

23 conductivity and resistivity, conductivity and they are
7.1
7.0 superconductivity related
- Internal resistance of a cell (ii) Explain the meaning of internal
Current - Resistor networks resistance
ELECTRICAL - Temperature dependence of (iii) Describe the effects of internal
Electricity resistance resistance on the terminal P.D. and
ENERGY output power
- Electrical energy and power (iv) Calculate the net resistance of a number
- Potential dividers of resistors in series and in parallel
- Combining Cells (v) Sketch the temperature characteristics of
 - Kirchhoff’s laws and circuit a thermistor.
calculations
(vi) Solve problems using V = WQ,
P = IV=I2R
- The Wheatstone bridge and
Meter Bridge (vii) Explain the use of the potential divider
- The potentiometer and its
circuit as a source of variable p.d.
applications (viii) Explain the use of thermistors and light
dependent resistors in potential dividers
to provide a p.d. that is dependent on
temperature and illumination
respectively
(ix) State Kirchhoff’s first law and relate it to
the conservation of charge
(x) State Kirchhoff’s second law and relate it
to the conservation of energy
(xi) Apply Kirchhoff’s laws in solving
circuit problems
(xii) Draw the Wheatstone bridge and use
the principle of balance to determine an
unknown resistance
(xiii) Use the potentiometer to measure the
resistance of a given length of wire.
24 END OF FOURTH SEQUENCE HARMONIZED EXAMINATIONS
FIFTH SEQUENCE BEGINS

- Conduction mechanisms in (i) Distinguish between conductors and

5.0 solids insulators
5.1
25 - Current and charge flow (ii) Derive the relation I = n A v e
ATOMIC - Temperature coefficient of (iii) Define temperature coefficient of
Electron Flow in resistance resistance
Metals - Experiment to measure the (iv) Sketch graphs to show how the
AND temperature coefficient of a resistances of conductors, semi-
metal wire conductors and insulators vary with
temperature
NUCLEAR (v) Calculate temperature coefficient of
resistance from graphs.
(vi) Describe exp’t to determine the
temperature coefficient of resistance of a
PHYSICS wire
 5.2 + 5.3 (i) Explain the increased conductivity of
semi conductors in terms of more charge
Conduction - The Band Theory carriers; electrons and holes
(ii) Describe the conductivity of extrinsic
- Properties of Intrinsic and semi conductors in terms of minority and
Mechanisms in Extrinsic Semi - conductors majority charge carriers
(iii) Use the band theory to differentiate
Semi- Conductors between insulators, conductors and semi
conductors

26 5.2 + 5.3 (i) Explain doping in extrinsic semi

conductors
Conduction (ii) Distinguish between p- and n- type
5.0 extrinsic semi conductors
- The n- type and p- type semi (iii) State the difference between intrinsic
ATOMIC Mechanisms in conductors and extrinsic semi conductors
(iv) Explain the formation of the p- n
Semi- Conductors - The p – n junction junction and the meaning of barrier p.d.
AND (v) Describe the action of the diode in
- The p-n junction and the LED forward and reverse bias modes
(vi) Sketch graphs of current – voltage
NUCLEAR - Semi conductor diode: relations; forward bias, reverse bias and
Zener diode breakdown.
(vii) The importance of the p – n junction
(viii) Give the functions of a junction diode.
PHYSICS (ix) State the applications of LEDS in daily
life.
(x) Explain the actions of the photodiode,
LCD and Zener diodes

27 5.0
- The bipolar transistor (i) Explain what is meant by a transistor;
ATOMIC n – p - n and p-n-p types.
- Transistor characteristics (ii) Describe the action of a bipolar n-p-n
AND 5.4 - The transistor as a switch in the transistor.
Common – Emitter mode (iii) Explain transistor action
NUCLEAR Electronic - The transistor as an LDR switch (iv) State the functions of a transistor as an
Devices - The transistor as an alarm amplifier and as a switch.
 PHYSICS switch (v) Explain the use of a bipolar transistor in
switching circuits.

28 5.0
ATOMIC 5.4 - The Common- Emitter class a.c. (i) Calculate current gain
AND amplifier (ii) Describe the: a) C- E amplifier
NUCLEAR -The transistor as an amplifier: b) load line
Electronic
PHYSICS + the quiescent state c) thermal runaway
Devices + applying the input d) coupling
+ voltage amplification (iii) State in words and in truth table form,
+ load lines the action of logic gates.
- Integrated circuits (iv) State the symbols of the various logic
- Logic Gates; OR, AND, NOT, gates.
NAND and NOR
29
5.0 5.5 (i) Describe and explain the results of the
- Evidence for the existence of alpha – particle scattering exp’t.
ATOMIC atomic nuclei (ii) Describe a simple model for the nuclear
The Nucleus
atom
AND - The nuclear atom (iii) Distinguish between nucleon number
and atomic number.
NUCLEAR - Nuclear binding energy (iv) Explain the existence of isotopes
(v) Use the notation for atomic nuclides.
PHYSICS (vi) Define nuclear binding energy and use it
to explain the mass-energy equivalence

END OF SECOND TERM / END OF FIFTH SEQUENCE PART ONE

THIRD TERM BEGINS / FIFTH SEQUENCE PART TWO CONTINUES

30 5.0 - Natural and artificial (i) Distinguish between natural and artificial
radioactivity radioactivity
ATOMIC (ii) Explain the spontaneous and random
5.6 - Properties of nuclear radiation nature of nuclear decay
AND (iii) Describe nuclear reactions using nuclear
Radioactive - Radioactivity as a random equations.
NUCLEAR Decay process (iv)List the properties of α, ß and λ particles
(v) State the mass-energy equation
PHYSICS - Stable and unstable nuclei E = c2 Δm and use it to solve problems
(vi) Sketch the variation of binding energy
 per nucleon with nucleon number
(vii) Explain the relevance of binding energy
per nucleon to nuclear fusion and fission.
(viii) Define the terms activity and decay
constant
(ix) Solve problem using A = λN
(x) Plot exponential decay curves and
analyze the equation N = No ℓ-λt to solve
problems.
(xi) Define half – life
(xii) Solve exercises using the relation:
λt½ = ln 2
31 END OF FIFTH SEQUENCE HARMONIZED EXAMINATIONS
SIXTH SEQUENCE BEGINS
32
33
34
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 ADVANCED LEVEL PHYSICS TEACHING SCHEMES
UPPER SIXTH SCIENCE

WEEK TOPIC LESSON CONTENTS OBJECTIVES REMARKS/

ACTIVITIES

FIRST TERM week 1 to week 15 FIRST TERM week 1 to week 15 FIRST TERM week 1 to week 15

FIRST SEQUENCE

(i) State the laws of gravitation

- Newton’s law of universal (ii) Prove Kepler’s laws
gravitation (iii) Apply Kepler’s laws to the movement of the
moon and other planets
(iv) Apply Newton’s law of gravitation
- Gravitational field strength, g to solve problems involving
- Qualitative description of the
orbiting bodies.
6.1 earth’s gravitational field
(v) Define gravitational field strength
- Inverse square law for fields of
(vi) Derive g from force of gravity for a uniform
1 6.0 spherically symmetrical masses
Gravitational Fields field
(vii) Draw and interpret graphs showing the
variation of g with distance from centre of
FIELDS - Variation of gravitational field
mass
inside and outside earth.
(viii) Sketch graphs showing the variation of V
- Gravitational potential
with distance from centre of mass
(ix) Apply potential energy to planetary and
satellite motions
(x) Define potential energy
(xi) Derive the equation

- Measurement of charge
6.2 - Electrostatic phenomena and (i) State that electric charge is a fundamental
electric charge property of matter
 Electric Fields (ii) Describe how the two types of charges can
2 6.0 - Current as rate of flow of charge be obtained.
- Coulomb’s Law (iii) Apply the qualitative laws of electrostatics.
- Electric fields (iv) Use Coulomb’s law in the form
FIELDS and use it to solve problems
- Electric field strength and
(v) Define electric field strength
Gauss’s law
(vi) Represent an electric field by field lines
- Electric Potential
(vii) Apply E = V/d
-

- Meaning of capacitance (i) Describe what a capacitor is

- Measurement of capacitance (ii) State the use of capacitors in simple circuits
(iii) Define capacitance and the farad
- Factors affecting the capacitance (iv) Describe an exp’t to determine the
6.0 6. 3 of a parallel plate capacitor capacitance of a capacitor.
- Permittivity (v) State and explain the factors that affect the
3 Capacitors capacitance of a capacitor
FIELDS - Capacitor networks (vi) Derive equations for series and parallel
arrangements capacitors.
(vii) Solve problems involving capacitors in
series and in parallel
(viii) Solve problems using the equation C=Q/V

- Charging and discharging of (ix) Calculate the energy stored in capacitor by

6.0 capacitors; growth and decay calculating the area under a Q versus V graph
6. 3 curves (x) Analyze exponential growth / decay curves
- The time constant (xi) Use the equation Q = Qo ℓ- t/RC to
4 FIELDS - Energy stored in a charged determine the time constant τ
Capacitors
capacitor

- Magnets and magnetic materials (i) Explain the origin of the magnetic field
6.4 - Magnetization and hysteresis (ii) Distinguish between magnetic, paramagnetic,
diamagnetic and non magnetic materials
Magnetic fields - Magnetic flux density; the tesla (iii) Describe the processes of magnetization
- Force on a current-carrying (iv) State that magnetic hysteresis results from
conductor in a uniform magnetic the fact that magnetic dipoles are not exactly
field elastic
(v) Define magnetic flux density and the tesla
 - Force between parallel current- (vi) Solve problems using F = BIL sinθ and
carrying conductors; definition determine the direction of the force from
of the ampere and permeability Fleming’s left hand rule
μo (vii) Demonstrate that the force on a current-
- Magnetic effect of steady carrying conductor can be used to measure
currents; Biot - Savart law the flux density of a magnetic field using a
current balance
(viii) Sketch field patterns due to a long straight
wire, flat circular coil and a long solenoid
(ix) Determine the nature and direction of the
forces between current-carrying conductors
(x) Define the ampere and explain permeability
(xi) State the Bio- Savart law for a short length
of conductor.
(xii) State that the Bio – Savart law can be used
to derive expressions for the flux density of
real conductors
6.0
6.4 - Force on a moving charge (i) Predict the direction of the force on a charge
- Measurement of charge–to-mass moving in a magnetic field
FIELDS ratio; e/m (ii) Apply the formula F = B Q v sinθ to solve
Magnetic fields
problems involving a moving charge
- Couple on a rectangular coil (iii) Describe an exp’t to determine the e/m of an
- Magnetic flux density within a electron
5 long solenoid (iv) Prove that =
- Effects of iron core in solenoid
(v) Derive the expression for the torque on a
rectangular coil in a magnetic field Ʈ = NIBA
- Electromagnets
(vi) Apply the torque to simple dc motors and
- Magnetic shielding, Lorentz
generators
force
(vii) Draw and describe the magnetic field within
- Earth’s magnetic field
a long solenoid
(viii) State the different applications of
electromagnets
(ix) Describe the Earth’s magnetic field
(i) Define magnetic flux and the weber
(ii) Solve problems using Φ = BA cosθ
- Magnetic flux and flux linkage (iii) Distinguish between magnetic flux and
- Electromagnetic induction magnetic flux linkage
 - Laws of electromagnetic (iv) Describe how the following can cause an
induction emf to be induced in a circuit
6 11.0 11.1 - changing magnetic flux
- relative movement of a magnet and a coil
ELECTRO- - Induced e.m.f. in a straight (v) State that the direction of the induced emf
Magnetic Flux
conductor opposes the change causing it
- Mutual inductance (vi) State the factors that affect the magnitude of
MAGNETIC - Self inductance the induced emf
(vii) Solve problems involving Faraday’s and
Len’s laws of electromagnetic induction
INDUCTION (viii) Name common applications of electro-
magnetic induction
(ix) Explain what is mutual inductance
(x) Describe how mutual induction can be
demonstrated
(xi) Explain the self inductance and back emf
END OF FIRST
END OF FIRST SEQUENCE
SEQUENCE
EVALUATION END OF FIRST SEQUENCE EVALUATION
EVALUATION
SECOND SEQUENCE BEGINS

11.0 - The transformer (i) Describe the principle of operation of the

11.2 - The simple DC generator transformer
ELECTRO- (ii) Solve problems involving the efficiency of a
- The AC theory transformer
7 Alternating - Root Mean Square values (iii) Explain the scientific and economic
MAGNETIC Currents - Relationship between r.m.s. advantages of using transformers to
values and peak values for transport ac at high voltages
currents and voltages (iv) Describe the action of a simple dc motor
INDUCTION - Energy and power in ac circuits
(v) Explain the terms: period, frequency, peak
- Rectification and smoothing value and r.m.s. value as applied to
alternating current or voltage
(vi) Establish that: I = Io sin2πf t and
r.m.s. value = 0.71 peak value
(vii) Deduce that the mean power in a resistive
load is half the maximum for a sinusoidal a.c.
(viii) Distinguish between r.m.s. and peak values
(ix) Solve problems using Vr m s =
 (x) Explain what is rectification
(xi) Distinguish between half wave rectification
and full wave rectification
(xii) Explain the use of a single diode for half
wave rectification of alternating current
(xiii) Explain the use of a bridge rectifier for full
wave rectification of alternating current
(xiv) Analyze the role of a capacitor in
smoothing

- Current in an Inductive circuit (i) Establish the relationship between applied

- Inductive reactance e.m.f. and inductance
- Current in a pure capacitor (ii) State that the induced current lags behind the
- Capacitive reactance applied p.d. in a purely inductive circuit.
(iii) Calculate the inductive reactance from
8 11.0 11.3 - Current in an R- C - L series XL = 2π f L
circuit (iv) State that the applied current leads the
ELECTRO- Electrical - Phase diagrams and impedance applied p.d. in a purely capacitive circuit
Oscillations (v) Calculate capacitive reactance using
- Electrical resonance in R- C - L XC =
MAGNETIC series circuits
(vi) Explain that current does not flow through a
capacitor but to and from the plates only.
(vii) Establish a relationship between R, C and L
INDUCTION
(viii) Draw diagrams showing input and output
singles as applied to the various circuits
(ix) Explain the use of the circuits as high / low
pass filters
(x) Calculate impedance Z =
(xi) Determine resonance point and its uses
(xii) Calculate quality factor

9 12.0 12.1 - Conservation of energy for (i) Explain that the energy of a wave is
Photons and waves in free space conserved in vacuum but it gradually
QUANTUM - Inverse square law degrades when travelling through a medium
Energy Levels
- Wave – particle duality (ii) Define intensity and use it to explain the
PHYSICS inverse square law
 (iii) Explain the dual nature of light
(iv) Give evidences to both the particle theory
and wave theory of light
- The photoelectric effect (v) State that all physical entities can be
- The Quantum Theory of described as waves or particles and that these
Radiation aspects are linked by E = hf, λ =
(vi) Explain what is meant by the photoelectric
effect
(vii) State the results of the photoelectric effect
(viii) Explain how the classical theory fails to
12.1 explain the photoelectric effect
- Einstein’s photoelectric equation
(ix) Explain the quantum theory of radiation
- Stopping Potential
(x) Explain the photoelectric effect in terms of
Photons and photon energy and work function
(xi) Use Einstein’s photoelectric equation
Energy Levels E = Φ+ K.E to solve problems
(xii) State the significance of the threshold
frequency
(xiii) Sketch and interpret graphs of how the
kinetic energies of emitted electrons vary
with frequency of the incident radiation
(xiv) describe and interpret qualitatively the
evidence provided by electron diffraction for
wave nature of particles
(xv) Use the relation for the de Broglie
wavelength λ =

(i) State the results of Rutherford’s alpha –

12.1 particle scattering experiment
- Atomic structure (ii) Describe the Bohr model of the atom
10 - Energy levels (iii) Explain the meaning of energy level,
Photons
- The electron volt stationary state, ground state and excited
And - Excitation and ionization state
Energy energies (iv) Distinguish between ionization energy and
Levels - Line spectra: emission and excitation energy, ionization potential and
absorption excitation potential
(v) Calculate the energy involved in electron
 transitions from one energy level to another
12.1 (vi) Explain the meaning / significance of the
electron volt (eV)
(vii) Explain that the wavelengths of the
Photons radiations emitted by the various transitions
And are different and consist of lines.
Energy (viii) Explain and distinguish between line
Levels emission spectra and line absorption spectra

- Schrodinger model of the

11 12.2 Hydrogen atom
- Heisenberg uncertainty
principle:
Atomic Spectra
+ position - momentum
+ time - energy
12
END OF SECOND SEQUENCE HARMONIZED EVALUATIONS TEST ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE AND ADJUST
TEACHING METHODS / TECHNIQUES
THIRD SEQUENCE BEGINS
13
OPTION 1: - Primary and Secondary energy (i) Distinguish between primary and secondary
- Finite and renewable resources sources of energy
-Patterns of energy consumption (ii) List renewable and non- renewable sources
in Cameroon of energy
ENERGY
Energy Resources
- Energy Reserves and their (iii) Define fossil fuels and give the use of fossil
sources: fuels, fossil materials and biofuels as stores of
RESOURCES AND + Estimates of fossil fuels and energy
uranium resources (iv) State and describe locations of geothermal
ENVIRONMENTAL + Solar power energy, solar energy, tidal energy, wind
+ Energy of winds, waves and energy, biomass, biofuel and wave energy in
PHYSICS tides Cameroon
(v) Distinguish between directly usable energy
sources and indirect (convertible) energy
sources
(vi) Discuss the non- uniform distribution of
worldwide energy sources
(vii) Use the solar constant in simple calculations
on kinetic energy of wind, potential energy of
stored water
 (viii) Give a description of deep water waves

- Hydroelectric power Describe the processes by which energy is

14 + Efficiency of the power station converted from one form to another with
Energy Conversion
reference to:
- Fission reactor as a boiler (i) Compare the relative advantages and cost
of using natural gas, gas oil and Heavy
- Alternative Sources of electric Fuel Oil (HFO) for electricity generation
energy and in car consumption.
+ solar cells and solar power (ii) Hydroelectric generation and
stations, wind turbines, Fusion transmission, with emphasis on
reactor mechanical energy involved.
(iii) Solar energy and solar cells: designing of
solar cells and solar panels, performing
simple calculations.
(iv) Nuclear energy
(v) Geothermal energy
(vi) Wind energy
(vii) Biomass / biofuel :
a) Showing daily and seasonal variations in
demand
b) Solving problems of storage of electrical
energy
c) Distinguish between fission and fusion in
terms of energy release
d) Qualitative description of the fission
reactor: chain reaction, moderator, coolant
and control rods
e) Calculate the efficiency of the energy
conversion in terms of the energy
converted w.r.t. to energy input

- Radiation hazard and its (i) Explain the radiation hazard between
consequences to human health humans and their natural environment
and the environment (ii) Describe the destruction of the ionosphere
15 - Geophysical hazard and its its consequences
consequences to human and the (iii) Appreciate the energy waste in the
 Climate Change environment destruction of the forest
(iv) Appreciate and advise on detection and
- Global warming prevention of destruction caused by
- Greenhouse effect: efforts to seismic waves (tsunami and volcanoes)
reduce greenhouse effect or
mitigation method

END OF FIRST TERM / END OF THIRD SEQUENCE PART ONE

SECOND TERM BEGINS / THIRD SEQUENCE PART TWO CONTINUES
OPTION 1:
- Effects of air navigation (i) Discuss the movement of air over the
ENERGY earth’s surface due to cosmic radiation
- Satellites and Power stations (ii) Detection of air movement by satellite
16 RESOURCES AND Space Weather - Information on collection of (iii) Describe methods of measuring humidity
satellite data (iv) State and discuss simple methods of
ENVIRONMENTAL weather forecast
- Ground armature means of (v) Describe the variation and the
PHYSICS tracking data from different consequences of rainfall in Cameroon
satellites (vi) Explain the use of satellites in collecting
(Continued) weather parameters

- Simple A.M. radio transmitter (i) Draw block diagrams for a simple radio
OPTION 2: and Receiver transmitter and receiver.
17 - Differences between FM and (ii) Use tuning circuit to explain the principle
Radio Systems AM transmissions of a radio receiver.
COMMUNICATION - Sidebands and bandwidth (iii) Describe super heterodyne system
- Attenuation (iv) Distinguish between AM and FM
(v) Explain the term modulation and use it to
- Tuning circuits distinguish between FM and AM
- Parallel-tuned LC circuits and (vi) Give the relative advantages of AM and
the dependence of fr on LC FM
- Principles of modulation (vii) Explain that a carrier wave amplitude
modulated by a single audio frequency is
- Different modes of transmission equivalent to the carrier wave frequency
together with two sideband frequencies
(viii) Define the term bandwidth
(ix) State the advantages of the transmission of
data in digital form
(x) Explain that the digital transmission of
 speech or music involves analogue- to –
digital conversion (ADC) on transmission
and digital – to- analogue conversion
(DAC) on reception

(i) Discuss the relative advantages and

18 disadvantages of channels of
communication in terms of available
bandwidth, noise, cross-linking, security,
signal attenuation, repeaters and
- Structure and Functions of a regeneration, cost and convenience
The Mobile Phone Mobile Phone (ii) Describe the use of satellites in
- communication
(iii) Analyze the phone as a transmitter and as
a receiver.
(iv) Explain the link between the base stations
(via a cellular exchange) and the public
switched telephone network (PSTN) in a
mobile phone system.
(v) Explain the need for an area to be divided
into a number of cells in the satellite
station, each cell served by a based station
(vi) Explain the role of the base station and the
cellular exchange during the making of a
call from a mobile phone handset.
(vii) Draw a simplified block diagram of a
mobile phone handset, giving the function
END OF THIRD of each block
SEQUENCE
EVALUATION END OF THIRD END OF THIRD
SEQUENCE EVALUATION SEQUENCE EVALUATION
FOURTH SEQUENCE BEGINS
19 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
20 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
21 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
22 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
23 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
24 END OF FOURTH SEQUENCE HARMONIZED EXAMINATIONS
25 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
26 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
27 MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS
28 MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS
SECOND TERM HOLIDAYS
29 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
30 END OF FIFTH SEQUENCE
31 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
32 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
33
34
35
36
 THIRD SEQUENCE BEGINS
13
OPTION 3: - Thermionic emission (i) Explain the emission of electrons by a hot
- Action and use of circuit metal filament
components (ii) Explain that to cause a continuous flow of
- Colour code emitted electrons requires high positive
ELECTRONICS Electronics - Therevin law potential and very low gas pressure
(iii) Identify and list the components found in
the electrical circuit
(iv) Give the values of some components such
as resistors, capacitors and inductors found
in such circuits
(v) Explain how the values of resistors are
chosen according to the colour code and
why widely different values are needed in
different types of circuits
(vi) State and apply Therevin law
(vii) Discuss the need to choose components
with suitable power ratings
(viii) Display an understanding of the charging
ELECTRONICS and discharging a: - capacitor time constant
- CR and LR circuits - capacitor coupling
- Transformers (ix) Explain the effect of an inductor in a
- Centre taped transformer in circuit
rectification (ix) Draw phasor diagrams
(x) Calculate the reactance X and the
impedance Z in an oscillatory system
(xi) Identify a transformer in a circuit for
rectification

- Thermistor and LDR (i) Describe the action of heat and light
14 - Relay dependent resistors and describe use as
Heat and Light
- Reed switch input sensors
ELECCTRONICS Sensors (ii) Describe and explain the use of reed / relays
in switching circuits
Relays and Reed (iii) Explain the use of reed / relays in switching
switches circuits
 Binary Systems - Bistable and astable
and OPAMP
15
END OF FIRST TERM / END OF THIRD SEQUENCE PART ONE
SECOND TERM BEGINS / THIRD SEQUENCE PART TWO CONTINUES

16

OPTION 4
17

18

END OF THIRD END OF THIRD END OF THIRD

SEQUENCE SEQUENCE EVALUATION SEQUENCE EVALUATION
EVALUATION
FOURTH SEQUENCE BEGINS
19 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
20 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
21 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
22 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
23 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
24 END OF FOURTH SEQUENCE HARMONIZED EXAMINATIONS
25 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
26 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
27 MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS
28 MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS MOCK EXAMS
SECOND TERM HOLIDAYS
29 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
30 END OF FIFTH SEQUENCE
31 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
32 REVISION REVISION REVISION REVISION
33
34
35
36