Cheatsheets / Learn JavaScript
Loops
While Loop
The while loop creates a loop that is executed as long
as a specified condition evaluates to true . The loop while (condition) {
will continue to run until the condition evaluates to // code block to be executed
. The condition is specified before the loop, and
false }
usually, some variable is incremented or altered in the
while loop body to determine when the loop should
let i = 0;
stop.
while (i < 5) {
console.log(i);
i++;
Reverse Loop
A for loop can iterate “in reverse” by initializing the
loop variable to the starting value, testing for when the const items = ['apricot', 'banana',
variable hits the ending value, and decrementing 'cherry'];
(subtracting from) the loop variable at each iteration.
for (let i = items.length - 1; i >= 0; i
-= 1) {
console.log(`${i}. ${items[i]}`);
// Prints: 2. cherry
// Prints: 1. banana
// Prints: 0. apricot
Do…While Statement
A do...while statement creates a loop that executes a
block of code once, checks if a condition is true, and x = 0
then repeats the loop as long as the condition is true. i = 0
They are used when you want the code to always
execute at least once. The loop ends when the
do {
condition evaluates to false.
x = x + i;
console.log(x)
i++;
} while (i < 5);
// Prints: 0 1 3 6 10
For Loop
A for loop declares looping instructions, with three
important pieces of information separated by for (let i = 0; i < 4; i += 1) {
semicolons ; : console.log(i);
};
The initialization defines where to begin the loop
by declaring (or referencing) the iterator variable
// Output: 0, 1, 2, 3
The stopping condition determines when to stop
looping (when the expression evaluates to
false )
The iteration statement updates the iterator
each time the loop is completed
Looping Through Arrays
An array’s length can be evaluated with the .length
property. This is extremely helpful for looping through for (let i = 0; i < array.length; i++){
arrays, as the .length of the array can be used as the console.log(array[i]);
stopping condition in the loop.
// Output: Every item in the array
Break Keyword
Within a loop, the break keyword may be used to exit
the loop immediately, continuing execution after the for (let i = 0; i < 99; i += 1) {
loop body. if (i > 5) {
Here, the break keyword is used to exit the loop when
break;
i is greater than 5.
}
console.log(i)
// Output: 0 1 2 3 4 5
Nested For Loop
A nested for loop is when a for loop runs inside
another for loop. for (let outer = 0; outer < 2; outer +=
The inner loop will run all its iterations for each 1) {
iteration of the outer loop. for (let inner = 0; inner < 3; inner +=
1) {
console.log(`${outer}-${inner}`);
}
}
/*
Output:
0-0
0-1
0-2
1-0
1-1
1-2
*/
Loops
A loop is a programming tool that is used to repeat a set
of instructions. Iterate is a generic term that means “to
repeat” in the context of loops. A loop will continue to
iterate until a specified condition, commonly known as
a stopping condition, is met.