10 V May 2022

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42652
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue V May 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

File Storage on Cloud Using Cryptography

Utkarsha Kulkarni1, Rosemeen Mansuri2, Riya Adikane3
1, 2, 3
Department of Electronics and Communication Usha Mittal Institute of Technology

Abstract: Hybrid cryptography is implemented to provide the multilevel of encryption and decryption at both sender and
receiver side which increase the security of the cloud storage. This security model gives the transparency to the cloud user. The
hybrid encryption algorithm combines the advantages of fast encryption speed of AES algorithm, easy management of RSA
algorithm key, and digital signature to ensure the secure transmission of confidential documents. Data/information is the most
valuable asset for the modern electronic communication system. Securing data or information has become a challenge in this
competitive world. There are many techniques for securing data/information such as cryptography, stenography etc. In this
paper, hybrid cryptography has been applied using AES and RSA.AES and RSA algorithms are implemented to provide the
multilevel of encryption and decryption at both sender and receiver side which increase the security of the cloud storage. This
approach provides transparency to the cloud user as well as cloud service provider in order to reduce the security threats. The
proposed model is implemented in C and .NET. Data security is increased up to a maximum extent and it takes less time in
uploading and downloading the text file as compare to existing system. [1]
Index Terms: Hybrid, Symmetric, Asymmetric, Cloud, Cryptog-raphy.

I. INTRODUCTION
Cryptography technique translates original data into unread- able form. Cryptography technique is divided into symmetric key
cryptography and public key cryptography. This technique uses keys for translate data into unreadable form. So only authorized
person can access data from cloud server. Cipher text data is visible for all people. Cryptography is used by security professionals
for various reasons but the three main reasons for using cryptography are: Data Confidentiality, Data Integrity and Data
Authentication [3]. Confidentiality or data privacy is the most important goal of cryptography hence the meaning of a message is
encoded to conceal it. The sender uses a cryptographic key to encrypt the message and the recipient also uses the same or a different
cryptographic key to decrypt or decode the message. Data integrity involves ensuring that the message received is similar to the
sent message i.e it has not been modified or altered in any way. A unique message digest is created using hashing from the sent
message and using the same technique, the recipient creates a second digest from the received message for comparison with the
original one [3]. The most simplest form of encryption is known as the Caesar’s cipher which is done by simply shifting each
lettera set of spaces up or down the alphabet. There are primarily4 main types of cryptography in use today each with its own set of
advantages and disadvantages [3]. delivery hence it is not suitable for communications over internet [2].
1) Asymmetric Cryptography: As the name suggests it has two different keys for encryption and decryption. The first key is a
public key which is used for encryption at sender side and the second is private key which is used for decryption at receiver
side [2].
2) Key Exchange Algorithms: Although not being used for encryption but it has a significant purpose as it provides a way to
securely exchange keys which are generated by the symmetric or asymmetric algorithms [2].
3) Hybrid Cryptography: As the name suggests it is made up of two algorithms which are blended with each other in order to
provide increase security. PGP is a well known hybrid algorithm used in security of e-mail communications. [2] The following
two algorithms will be used for developing the hybrid algorithm:
a) RSA algorithm - accounts for the primary encryption of the file.
b) AES algorithm -generates a secret key to decrypt and download the file.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

In The paper we avoids use of LUTs and proposes use of composite field data path for the SubBytes and InvSubBytes
transformations. The use of such data paths is the key for the de- sign of high-speed subpipelined AES architectures [4]. A hybrid
encryption algorithm mixing AES and RSA algorithms is suggested in this paper to overcome the above issues in orderto solve file
encryption performance and security problems. The experimental results suggest that the RSA and AES hybrid encryption
algorithm can not only encrypt files, but also pro- vide the benefits of efficiency and protection of the algorithm

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1950
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue V May 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

[5]. Khairnar, Dr. Vaishali Kadam, K. (2015). Hybrid RSA- AES Encryption for Web Service presents a method which enhances
security for data by hybrid encryption, which can be used itself as end-to-end encryption or in addition to the existing SSL.
This enhances security of data exchange between two clients using web service as an intermediary. The proposed solution
encrypts the content block which can be only decrypted by client side, and not on the web server [6]. In the paper is proposed two
new hybrid algorithms using combination of both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographicalgorithm such as Twofish, AES, RSA
and ElGamal. To analyze results was used JAVA program implementation. The results shows that the proposed hybrid algorithm
AES+RSA is significantly secure. However, Twofish + RSA hybrid has other advantages like better computation time, the size of
cipher text, and the memory consumption [7].To overcome the tech- nique problem of key management and database encryption
in the implementation process of database encryption system, some difficult technology of encrypt/decrypt engine in the
implementation process are discussed, the hybrid cryptography encryption program is presented based on IDEA combined with
RSA, and the encryption system is designed and realized [8].In this paper a hybrid cryptography algorithm is proposed in order to
achieve confidentiality and increase security in the communications taking place over the internet. The paper also focuses on the
time taken for the encryption and decryption process so that the algorithm is not CPU exhaustive [9].This paper concluded that the
proposed method provides high secu- rity on data transmission over the internet and proper network access on demand to a shared
tank of constructive computing resources, mainly net, server, and storage application [10].

III. RSA ALGORITHM IN CRYPTOGRAPHY

RSA algorithm is an asymmetric cryptographic, because it use different keys for encryption and decryption. It consists of three
major steps in encryption and decryption .
1) Key Generation: In this step two keys are generated. Public key: it used in public for encrypting. Private key: this key is
accessed by the receiver only for decrypting. The process for key generation works as fol- lows: First choose two distinct prime
numbers p and q and then compute n=pxq where n isthe modulus for the public key and the private keys.
(n) = (p 1)(q 1) (1)
Next compute Choose an integer e such that 1 ¡ e ¡ (n) and GCD (e, (n)) = 1 (2)
The pair (n, e) is the public key.
The private key is a unique integer d obtained by solving theequation e 1(mod(n)) (3)
2) Encryption Method: Is used for encrypting an image or textby using public key.
The messege (m) is presented as pixels in the range from 0 to255.
The text is encrypted using the public key (n, e) from theequation
c = me mod (n) (4)
3) Decryption Method: The text or image is decrypted using theprivate key (n,d). m = c d mod (n), [11].

IV. AES ALGORITHM IN CRYPTOGRAPHY

AES algorithm belongs to a block cipher of symmetric cryptography. The rounds of repeated transformations in this algorithm are
called round transformation. There are 3 types of round transformations called initial round, repeating round and final round. Each
round includes processes of SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns and AddRoundKey, and the final round does not have a
MixColumns process. The process of SubBytes is to replace the data of 4×4 state matrix intothe corresponding data in SubBytes
table according to the algorithm [12]. The process of ShiftRows is to implement left cyclic shift on the data in state matrix. It
means that the first row of the matrix remains unchanged, the second row is left-shifted by1 byte, the third row is left-shifted by 2
bytes, and the fourth row is left-shifted by 3 bytes. The process of MixColumns is pre-multiplying MixCol- umns matrix with
state matrix. The process of AddRoundKey is to perform a bitwise XOR operation on data and round key. The process of
ExpandKey is to generate round keys by using Recursive Algorithm, usinginitial key as the initial state of a recursive equation and
generating a group of round keys per round [12].
V. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Hybrid Cryptography RSA is a public key encryption tech- nique based on hybrid theory .It is used to create faster, smaller, and
more efficient cryptographic keys. RSA keys are generated through the properties of the hybrid equation instead of the traditional
method of generation as the product of very large prime numbers.RSA is becoming widely used for mobile applications because it
helps to establish equivalent security with lower computing power and battery resource usage. RSA was developed by Certicom, a
mobile e-business security provider, and was recently licensed by Hifn, a manufacturer of integrated circuitry (IC) and network
security products.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1951
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue V May 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

An hybrid is represented as a looping line intersecting two axes (lines on a graph used to indicate the position of a point) and not an
ellipse (oval shape).
RSA is based on properties of a particular type of equation created from the mathematical group (a set of values for whichoperations
can be performed on any two members of the group to produce a third member) derived from points where the line intersects the
axes. Multiplying a point on the curve by a number will produce another point on the curve, but it is very difficult to find what
number was used, even if you know the original point and the result. The derived equations have a characteristic that is very
valuable for cryptography purposes they are extremely difficult to reverse and relatively easy to perform. Both clouds agree to some
publicly-known data item.
The hybrid equation
1) Values of a and b
2) Prime, p

The elliptic group computed from the hybrid equation lower security can also be employed. It is also possible to combine another
algorithm that will encrypt data given by the IDEA algorithm. This inclusion of third algorithm will increase the security but there
are two sides to a coin. As a result Security will increase but time that is taken to convert the plain text into final cipher text will be
greater than previoushybrid algorithm. So it is the demand of application in which the user is going to use security algorithm ,which
factor is important time or security. A fair role must be played between time taken by the algorithm and level of security, both must
be reasonable [13].

Fig. 1. Encryption And Decryption Process on the Web Page

VI. CONCLUSION
After studying the cryptographic model, the conclusion is that data security is the most considerable topic related to cloud
computing technology. The integration between sym- metric and asymmetric cryptosystems is employed to over- come security
limitations .User would try to secure sensitive data on the cloud by applying the hybrid of different en- cryption algorithms such as
RSA and AES. This study also concludes that hybrid cryptography enhances the performance and adds more security levels to the
data compared to applying these algorithms individually. All of the examined studies have benefits and some drawbacks. In the
future, we aim to overcome these drawbacks to enhance security, integrity and performance.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1952
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue V May 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

Fig. 2. Time Graph

A base point, B, taken from the elliptic group Encryption and Decryption Process is shown in figure 1 and figure 2 showsthe Time
graph of all the algorithms with different types of data.

VII. RESULT
Hybrid cryptography using RSA and AES algorithm enables user to secure data safely on cloud and makes it accessible only to
people who have the secret key .Even a minor error in the secret key would lead to error in encryption and decryption.The web
application (.NET) is connected to user’s Gmail account and sends the Username,password and secret key via mail.Data can be
uploaded in text and image format. This data is stored on cloud in encrypted format and can be decrypted and downloaded using
secret key.
VIII. FUTURE SCOPE OF HYBRID CRYPTOGRAPHY
The proposed hybrid algorithm can be made much more powerful and secure by increasing the number of iterations in the
encryption algorithm to suit the level of security required. An inverse policy of reducing the number of iterations for

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©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1953