Questions

Q1.
 
With respect to a fixed origin O, the line l has equation

The point A lies on l and has coordinates (3, − 2, 6).

The point P has position vector (−pi + 2pk) relative to O, where p is a constant.

Given that vector is perpendicular to l,

(a)  find the value of p.

(4)
Given also that B is a point on l such that ∠BPA = 45°,

(b)  find the coordinates of the two possible positions of B.

(5)
(Total 9 marks)

Q2.
 
The plane P has equation

(a)  Find a vector perpendicular to the plane P.

(2)
The line l passes through the point A (1, 3, 3) and meets P at (3, 1, 2).

The acute angle between the plane P and the line l is α.

(b)  Find α to the nearest degree.

(4)
(c)  Find the perpendicular distance from A to the plane P.
(4)
(Total 10 marks)
Q3.
The line l1 has vector equation

and the line l2 has vector equation

where λ and μ are parameters.

The lines l1 and l2 intersect at the point A and the acute angle between l1 and l2 is θ.
(a) Write down the coordinates of A.
(1)
(b) Find the value of cos θ.
(3)
The point X lies on l1 where λ = 4.
(c) Find the coordinates of X.
(1)
(d) Find the vector .
(2)
(e) Hence, or otherwise, show that = 4√26.
(2)
The point Y lies on l2. Given that the vector is perpendicular to l1,
(f) find the length of AY, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(3)
 
(Total 12 marks)

Q4.
 
Relative to a fixed origin O, the point A has position vector i - 3j + 2k and the point B has position vector -
2i + 2j - k. The points A and B lie on a straight line l.

(a) Find .
(2)
(b) Find a vector equation of l.
(2)
The point C has position vector 2i + pj- 4k with respect to O, where p is a constant. Given that AC is
perpendicular to l, find

(c) the value of p,

(4)
(d) the distance AC.
(2)
 
 (Total 10 marks)

Q5.
 
Relative to a fixed origin O, the point A has position vector ( 2i − j + 5k ),
the point B has position vector ( 5i + 2j + 10k ),
and the point D has position vector ( −i + j + 4k ).

The line l passes through the points A and B.

(a) Find the vector .

(2)
(b) Find a vector equation for the line l.
(2)
(c) Show that the size of the angle BAD is 109°, to the nearest degree.
(4)

The points A, B and D, together with a point C, are the vertices of the parallelogram ABCD, where =
.

(d) Find the position vector of C.

(2)
(e) Find the area of the parallelogram ABCD, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(3)
(f) Find the shortest distance from the point D to the line l, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(2)
 
(Total 15 marks)

Q6.
 
Relative to a fixed origin O, the point A has position vector 21i − 17j + 6k and the point B has position
vector 25i − 14j + 18k.

The line l has vector equation

where a, b and c are constants and λ is a parameter.

Given that the point A lies on the line l,

(a)  find the value of a.

Given also that the vector is perpendicular to l,

(3)
(b)  find the values of b and c,
(5)
(c)  find the distance AB.
(2)
The image of the point B after reflection in the line l is the point B'.

(d)  Find the position vector of the point B'.

(2)
(Total 12 marks)

Q7.
 

The plane Π1 has vector equation r. =5

The plane Π2 has vector equation r. =7

(a) Find a vector equation for the line of intersection of Π1 and Π2, giving your answer in the form r = a +
λb where a and b are constant vectors and λ is a scalar parameter.
(6)
The plane Π3 has cartesian equation

x − y + 2z = 31

(b) Using your answer to part (a), or otherwise, find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the
planes Π1, Π2 and Π3
(3)

(Total 9 marks)

Q8.
 
With respect to a fixed origin, the point A with position vector i + 2j + 3k lies on the line l1 with equation
 r= ,     where λ is a scalar parameter,

and the point B with position vector 4i + pj + 3k, where p is a constant, lies on the line l2 with equation

r= ,     where μ is a scalar parameter.

(a) Find the value of the constant p.

(1)
(b) Show that l1 and l2 intersect and find the position vector of their point of intersection, C.
(4)
(c) Find the size of the angle ACB, giving your answer in degrees to 3 significant figures.
(3)
(d) Find the area of the triangle ACB, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(2)

(Total 10 marks)

Q9.
 
The line l passes through the point P(2,1,3) and is perpendicular to the plane Π whose vector equation is
r.(i − 2j − k) = 3
Find

(a) a vector equation of the line l,

(2)
(b) the position vector of the point where l meets Π.
(4)
(c) Hence find the perpendicular distance of P from Π.
(2)

(Total 8 marks)
Q10.
 

Relative to a fixed origin O, the point A has position vector

and the point B has position vector

The line l1 passes through the points A and B.

(a) Find the vector .

(2)
(b) Hence find a vector equation for the line l1
(1)

The point P has position vector

Given that angle PBA is θ,

(c) show that cosθ = 1⁄3

(3)
The line l2 passes through the point P and is parallel to the line l1

(d) Find a vector equation for the line l2

(2)
The points C and D both lie on the line l2

Given that AB = PC = DP and the x coordinate of C is positive,

(e) find the coordinates of C and the coordinates of D.

(3)
(f) find the exact area of the trapezium ABCD, giving your answer as a simplified surd.
(4)
 (Total 15 marks)

Q11.
 
With respect to a fixed origin O, the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations

where λ and μ are scalar parameters and p is a constant.

The lines l1 and l2 intersect at the point A.

(a)   Find the coordinates of A.

(2)
(b)   Find the value of the constant p.
(3)
(c)   Find the acute angle between l1 and l2, giving your answer in degrees to 2 decimal
       places.
(3)
The point B lies on l2 where μ = 1

(d)   Find the shortest distance from the point B to the line l1, giving your answer to
       3 significant figures.
(3)
 
(Total for question = 11 marks)

Q12.
 
With respect to a fixed origin O, the line l1 is given by the equation
where μ is a scalar parameter.

The point A lies on l1 where μ = 1

(a)  Find the coordinates of A.

(1)

The point P has position vector .

The line l2 passes through the point P and is parallel to the line l1

(b)  Write down a vector equation for the line l2

(2)
(c)  Find the exact value of the distance AP.

Give your answer in the form k , where k is a constant to be determined.

(2)
The acute angle between AP and l2 is θ.

(d)  Find the value of cosθ

(3)
A point E lies on the line l2
Given that AP = PE,

(e)  find the area of triangle APE,

(2)
(f)  find the coordinates of the two possible positions of E.
(5)
 
(Total for question = 15 marks)
 

Q13.

The line l1 has equation    where λ is a scalar parameter.

The line l2 has equation    where μ is a scalar parameter.

Given that l1 and l2 meet at the point C, find

(a)   the coordinates of C.
(3)
The point A is the point on l1 where λ = 0 and the point B is the point on l2 where
μ = −1.

(b)   Find the size of the angle ACB. Give your answer in degrees to 2 decimal places.
(4)
(c)   Hence, or otherwise, find the area of the triangle ABC.
(5)
(Total 12 marks)

Q14.
 
With respect to a fixed origin O, the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations

where λ and μ are scalar parameters.

(a)  Show that l1 and l2 meet and find the position vector of their point of intersection A.
(6)
(b)  Find, to the nearest 0.1°, the acute angle between l1 and l2.
(3)

The point B has position vector

(c)  Show that B lies on l1.

(1)
(d)  Find the shortest distance from B to the line l2, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(4)
(Total 14 marks)

Q15.
 
Relative to a fixed origin O, the point A has position vector (10i + 2j + 3k),
and the point B has position vector (8i + 3j + 4k).

The line l passes through the points A and B.

(a)  Find the vector
(2)
(b)  Find a vector equation for the line l.
(2)
The point C has position vector (3i + 12j + 3k).

The point P lies on l. Given that the vector is perpendicular to l,

(c)  find the position vector of the point P.

(6)
(Total 10 marks)

Q16.
With respect to a fixed origin O, the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations
l1 : r = (9i + 13j − 3k) + λ(i + 4j − 2k)

l2 : r = (2i − j + k) + μ(2i + j + k)       

where λ and μ are scalar parameters.

(a)  Given that l1 and l2 meet, find the position vector of their point of intersection.

(5)

(b)  Find the acute angle between l1 and l2, giving your answer in degrees to 1 decimal place.

(3)

Given that the point A has position vector 4i + 16j − 3k and that the point P lies on l1 such that AP is
perpendicular to l1,

(c)  find the exact coordinates of P.

(6)
(Total 14 marks)