Problem Set 2

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1. Find the tension in each cord in the figure below if the mass of the suspended object is 2.0 kg.

a.)
30 45

TAy TA TB TBy
30 45
TAx TBx

2.0kg

Get the forces in the x-direction first: Next Get the forces in the y-direction :
∑ fx = TBx - TAx ∑ fy = TAy + TBy - W
0= TBx - TAx 0= TAy + TBy - W
TAx =TBx W = TAy + TBy
TA(cos 30) =TB¿) W=mg= TA(sin 30) +TB¿)
cos 45 2.0(9.8)=TA(sin 30) +TB¿)
TA = T
cos 30 B √2
19.6= TA(0.5) +TB( ) substitute Eq.1
TA=0.82TB Eq.1 2
19.6=(0.82TB)(0.5)+ TB( )
√2
2
19.6=0.41TB+ TB( )
√2
2
19.6=1.12TB
TB=17.5N
TA=0.82(17.5)
TA=14.35N
W=19.6N
b.)

TAy 60 45

TA TB TBy
60 45
TAx TBx

2.0kg

Get the forces in the x-direction first: Next Get the forces in the y-direction :
∑ fx = TBx - TAx ∑ fy = TAy + TBy - W
0= TBx - TAx 0= TAy + TBy - W
TAx =TBx W = TAy + TBy
TA(cos 60) =TB¿) W=mg= TA(sin 60) +TB¿)
cos 45 2.0(9.8)=TA(sin 60) +TB¿)
TA = T
cos 60 B √2
TA=1.41TB Eq.1 19.6= TA(0.71) +TB( ) substitute Eq.1
2
19.6=(1.41TB)(0.71)+ TB( )
√2
2
19.6=0.99TB+ TB( )
√2
2
19.6=1.7TB
TB=11.53N
TA=1.41(11.53)
TA=16.26N
2. A large wrecking ball is held in place by two light steel cables. If the mass m of the wrecking
ball is 3620 kg, what are (a) the tension TB in the cable that makes an angle of 40◦ with the
vertical and (b) the tension TA in the horizontal cable?

a.)
40 Get the forces in the y-direction first:
TB
TBy ∑ fy = TBy - W
0= TBy - W
50 W =TBy
TBx mg=TB¿)
3620kg
TA 3620(9.8)=TB¿)
W TB=46.31 x 103 N
W=35.48 x103N

b.)
Get the forces in the x-direction :
∑ fx = TBx – TA
0= TBy - TA
TA =46310(cos50)
TA= 29.77 x103N
 3. A 5.00-kg box is moving to the right with speed 3.00 m/s on a horizontal, frictionless surface.
At t = 0 a horizontal force is applied to the box. The force is directed to the left and has
magnitude F(t) = ( 8.00N/s2)t2. (a) What distance does the box move from its position at t =
0 before its speed is reduced to zero? (b) If the force continues to be applied, what is the speed
of the box at t = 3.00 s?
F(t) = (8.00N/s2)t2
5kg S= 3.00m/s

a.)

a.) a.)
2 2
F(t) = (8.00N/s )t to get the value of x or the distance
F=ma dx
v=
a= -F/m, force is negative dt
since it is opposite to the vdt= dx
direction of motion ∫ dx = ∫ vdt
1.78 2
N /s
X = ∫ (−0.53 t
3
(8 . 00 N / s 2) t 2 +¿ 3.00 m/s)dt ¿
a= 0 kg
5.00 kg
2 X= 4.01m
2 N /s
a= -1.6t
kg
dv
a=
dt

To get velocity:
∫ dv=∫ a dt b.) speed of box at 3.00s
N v=-0.53t3 +3
∫ dv=∫ (−1.6 t 2 s 2 )dt v=-0.53(3)3 +3
kg v= -11.31 m/s
2
N /s
V=-0.53t3 + C ……. Eq.1
kg

At t=0 the speed of the box is

3.00m/s

To get the value of the constant

3.00m/s=-(0)3+C
C= 3.00m/s

Substitute the constant and let v= 0

to get the value of t

0=-0.53t3+3.00m/s
0.53t3=3.00m/s
t=
√3 3.00

0.53
t= 1.78s
 4. Two blocks of mass 3.50 kg and 8.00 kg are connected by a massless string that passes over a
frictionless pulley. The inclines are frictionless. Find (a) the magnitude of the acceleration of
each block and (b) the tension in the string.

M1gsin1
a.)

m2gsin2

a.)m2= 8.00 kg
b.)m2= 8.00 kg
m1= 3.50kg
m1= 3.50kg
1, 2=35
1, 2=35
Fnet= mTa
a= 2.2m/s2
Fnet m2 gsin2−m1 gsin1
a= = T1=T2
mt m1+m 2
T1=m1gsin+m1a
a=
¿ T1=(3.5)(9.8)sin(35)+(3.5)(2.2)
( 8.00 ) ( 9.8 ) sin ⁡( 35)−( 3.5 )( 9.8 ) sin 35 ¿
3.50+8.00 T1 or T2= 27.4N
a= 2.2m/s2
 5. Block A weighs 45.0 N, and block B weighs 25.0 N. Once block B is set into downward motion,
it descends at a constant speed. (a) Calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction between block A
and the tabletop. (b) Suppose an object with a 45-N weight rests on top of block A. If block B is
now set into downward motion, what is its acceleration (magnitude and direction)?
n

Fk T
A=45N

T b.) m1g=45 N; m2g= 25 N

m3g=45 N; µk= 0.55

B=25N For block B

m1 g m2g-T= m2a
m2 g T= m2g -m2a Eq.1

For block A
T-FK=(m1 + m3)a , since another object rests on
a.) For block A
the top of block A
m1g=45 N
T-FK=(m1 + m3)a
∑ fx=m1 a FK= µkn; n= (m1g + m3g), same case here
T-FK=m1a FK= µk(m1g + m3g)

FK= µkn T- µk(m1g + m3g)=(m1 + m3)a

n=m1g T=(m1 + m3)a + µk(m1g + m3g) Eq.2

FK= µk ( m1g) Substitute Eq.1 into Eq.2

T- µk m1g=0 , since a =0 m2g-m2a =(m1 + m3)a + µk(m1g + m3g)
T= µk m1g
Substitute the values
For block B
m2g=25 N 25N-m2a =(m1 + m3)a + 0.55 (45N + 45N)
25N-m2a =(m1 + m3)a + 49.95N
m2g-T= m2a 25N-49.95N =(m1 + m3)a + m2a ; factor out a
m2g-T= 0 , since a = 0 -24.95N= (m1 + m2+ m3)a
T= m2g −24.95 N
a= Eq.3
(m 1+ m2+m 3)
µk m1g = m2g
Get the values of m1, m2 and m3
m2 g
µk= m1g=45 N, m2g= 25 N and m3g=45 N
m1 g
45 N 45 N
25 N m1= = =4.59kg
µk= g 9.8
45 N 25 N 25 N
m2= = =2.55kg
g 9.8
µk= 0.55 45 N 45 N
m3= = =4.59kg
g 9.8
Get the values of m1, m2 and m3
m1g=45 N, m2g= 25 N and m3g=45 N

45 N 45 N
m1 = = =4.59kg
g 9.8
25 N 25 N
m2 = = =2.55kg
g 9.8
45 N 45 N
m3 = = =4.59kg
g 9.8

Substitute the values into Eq.3

−24.95 N
a= = -2.1m/s2
( 4.59+2.55+4.59)kg
a=-2.1m/s2, and the direction of acceleration
is on the opposite of the direction of motion.