Gr

eenBankingIni
ti
ati
vesAbr
oadanditsImpl
ementat
ion
i
nIndianScenar
io–Astudyofpossi
bi
li
ti
es

Abst
rac
t

Gr
eenbank
ingr
efer
stot
hebank
ingbusi
nessmanagedi
nsuc
hamannert
hathel
psf
orov
eral
l

r
educ
tionofext
ernal
car
bonemi
ssi
onandi
nter
nal
car
bonf
oot
pri
nt.
Thepr
esentst
udyat
tempt
sto

under
standt
heuseofGr
eenBank
ingP
roduc
tsi
nbank
ingsec
torandexami
net
hegr
eenbank
ing

i
ni
ti
ati
vesbyt
opt
hreeP
ubl
i
candP
riv
ateS
ect
orBank
sinI
ndi
a.S
tudyc
onc
ludedt
hatbot
hbank
shav
e

ef
fec
tiv
elyi
ni
ti
atedgr
eenbank
ingi
ni
ti
ati
ve.Compar
ati
vel
y,P
ubl
i
csec
torbank
shav
eshownbet
ter

per
for
manc
eint
ermsofGr
eenbank
ingi
ni
ti
ati
ves.
Today’
sbusi
nessi
sal
laboutbei
nggr
een.F
romWal

-
Mar
ttoAppl
e,ev
eryonei
stal
ki
ngabouthowgr
eent
hei
rappr
oac
h,pac
kagi
ng,ormet
hodsar
e.But

gr
eenbusi
nessi
sreal
l
yini
tsi
nfanc
y,andt
hef
utur
eofbei
nggr
eenwi
l
lnodoubtdi
sti
l
ldownt
osome

v
eryr
eal
anddef
inabl
egoal
sandpr
act
ices
.Var
iousf
inanc
ial
ser
vic
esadopt
edbygr
eenbusi
nessar
e

bank
s,c
redi
tcar
dcompani
es,
insur
anc
ecompani
es,
consumerf
inanc
ecompani
es,
stoc
kbr
oker
ages

andi
nvest
mentf
unds
.Bank
ingsec
torf
orgr
eatbank
inghasi
tsownsi
gni
fi
canc
e.Gr
eenbank
ing

meanspr
omot
ingenv
ironment
alf
ri
endl
ypr
act
icesandr
educ
ingc
arbonf
oot
pri
ntf
rom bank
ing

ac
tiv
iti
es.T
oai
dther
educ
tionofext
ernal
car
bonemi
ssi
on,
bankshoul
dfi
nanc
egr
eent
echnol
ogyand

pol
l
uti
onr
educ
ingpr
ojec
ts.T
hepr
esentpaperai
mst
ohi
ghl
i
ghtI
ndi
ani
ni
ti
ati
vesbyv
ari
ousbank
s

adopt
inggr
eenbank
ingi
nIndi
a.F
urt
her
,anat
tempthasbeenmadet
oenl
i
stc
ert
ainst
rat
egi
esof

adopt
inggr
eenbank
ing.Bank
ingsec
tori
sgener
all
yconsi
der
edasenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
yint
ermsof

emi
ssi
onandpol
l
uti
ons.I
nter
nal
env
ironment
ali
mpac
toft
hebank
ingsec
torsuc
hasuseofener
gy,

paperandwat
erar
erel
ati
vel
ylowandc
lean.T
hisi
sanef
for
tbyt
hebank
stomak
ethei
ndust
ries

gr
owgr
eenandi
nthepr
ocessr
est
oret
henat
ural
env
ironment
.Thi
sconc
eptofGr
eenbank
ingwi
l
lbe

mut
ual
l
ybenef
ici
alt
otheConsumer
s,bank
s,i
ndust
riesandt
heec
onomy.F
orc
onsumer
sthi
sshi
ft
t
owar
dsgr
eenbank
ingmeanst
hatmor
edeposi
tandl
oanpr
oduc
tswi
l
lbeav
ail
abl
ethr
oughonl
i
ne

andmobi
l
ebank
ing.
Ital
someansbet
terdeposi
trat
esonCDs,moneymar
ketac
count
sandsav
ings

ac
count
s.Gr
eenbank
sshoul
dal
sohav
elowerf
eesandgi
ver
ater
educ
tionsonl
oansgoi
ngt
owar
ds

ener
gy-
eff
ici
entpr
ojec
ts.T
hisi
sbank
ingbeyondpur
epr
ofi
t.Anot
heri
mpor
tantaspec
tofgr
een

bank
ingi
sth
einv
olv
ementandout
reac
hfr
om t
hei
ndi
vi
dual
bank
stot
hei
rl
ocal
communi
ty.
Indi
awas

f
arbehi
ndf
romot
herc
ount
riesl
i
keChi
naandMexi
coi
nint
roduc
ingandappl
yi
ngt
hec
onc
eptofGr
een

Bank
ing.
Noi
ni
ti
ati
veswer
etak
enbyt
heI
ndi
anbank
stof
ormul
atet
hegr
eenc
onc
epti
nth
esoc
iet
y.

T
heaut
hor
smadec
leart
hatt
oat
tai
nsust
ainabl
edev
elopmenti
nthec
ount
ryi
mpar
tingeduc
ati
on

andc
reat
ingawar
enesswasnec
essar
y.T
her
ear
eonl
ysmal
lgr
oupofbank
sinI
ndi
athatl
eadi
n

env
ironmentaspec
t.S
omer
esear
cher
sresear
chedonpubl
i
caswel
laspr
ivat
esec
tor
swhi
chr
eveal

t
hatpubl
i
csec
torbank
shav
etak
enmor
eini
ti
ati
vesasc
ompar
etopr
ivat
esec
tor
.Ther
efor
ethe

c
urr
entr
esear
chi
sfoc
usedt
ocompar
ati
vel
yanal
yzeofGr
eenBank
ingi
nIndi
aandAbr
oad.

KE
YWORDS
:Resour
ceef
fi
ci
ent
,gr
eeni
ndust
ry,env
ironmentf
ri
endl
y,sust
ainabl
ebank
ing,Bank
ing,

Gr
eenBank
ing,
Sust
ainabl
eBank
ing,
Onl
i
nebank
ing,
Indi
a,Chi
na.
 I
NTRODUCT
ION

I
nthepr
ocessofec
onomi
cdev
elopment
,ithasl
edundesi
rabl
eef
fec
tsonenv
ironment
sandc
reat
es

t
hei
ssuesofi
ncr
easedc
arbonemi
ssi
on,gl
obal
war
ming,c
li
mat
echange,gr
eenhousegases,f
lood,

dr
ought
,tsunami
etc
.Asar
esul
t,t
hequal
i
tyofenv
ironmentdamages.Bec
auseoft
his,S
ust
ainabl
e

dev
elopmentandpr
eser
vat
ionofenv
ironmenth
avebec
omet
hepr
imei
mpor
tanc
eatt
hegl
obal

c
ont
ext
.AtI
nter
nat
ional
lev
eli
ni
ti
ati
vesr
egar
dingenv
ironment
alpr
otec
tionar
eunder
tak
enbyUni
ted

Nat
ionalE
nvi
ronment
alP
rot
ect
ionF
inanc
eini
ti
ati
ve(
UNE
PFI
)andE
quat
orP
rinc
ipl
es(
EPs)
.
UNE
PFI

enc
our
agesf
orbet
teri
mpl
ement
ati
onofsust
ainabi
l
it
ypr
inc
ipl
est
hrought
heoper
ati
onsoft
he

f
inanc
iali
nst
itut
ions.I
twor
kswi
thov
er200member
sinc
ludi
ngl
eadbank
s,i
nvest
mentf
undsand

i
nsur
anc
ecompani
es t
o dev
elop and pr
omot
eli
nkages bet
ween sust
ainabi
l
it
y and f
inanc
ial

per
for
manc
e.S
imi
l
arl
y,7
8fi
nanc
iali
nst
itut
ionsi
n32c
ount
rieshav
eof
fi
ci
al
lyadopt
edt
heE
Ps,

c
over
ingov
er7
0per
centofi
nter
nat
ionalP
roj
ectF
inanc
edebti
nemer
gingmar
ket
s.(
I
DBRT
,August
201
3)Asapar
tofi
t,RBI
alsoi
ssuedc
irc
ularf
orbank
stoc
ont
ribut
eforsust
ainabl
edev
elopment
.Gr
een

bank
ingi
scompar
ati
vel
ynew dev
elopmenti
nth
efi
nanc
ialwor
ld.T
heac
tiv
iti
esoft
hebank
sar
e

assoc
iat
edwi
thenv
ironment
alpr
otec
tionandsust
ainabl
edev
elopment
.Asr
esponsi
bl
einst
itut
es,

bank
sand f
inanc
iali
nst
itut
ionsc
an pl
ay an i
mpor
tantr
olef
orpr
otec
ting t
he env
ironment
al

degr
adat
iont
hroughf
inanc
ingE
nvi
ronmentf
ri
endl
ypr
ojec
tsandadopt
ingenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
y

pr
oduc
tsandser
vic
es.Basi
cal
l
yGr
eenbank
ingr
efer
stot
hebank
ingbusi
nessmanagedi
nsuc
ha

mannert
hathel
psf
orov
eral
lreduc
tionofext
ernalc
arbonemi
ssi
onandi
nter
nalc
arbonf
oot
pri
nt.

Bank
scanr
educ
eext
ernalc
arbonemi
ssi
onst
hroughgr
eenf
inanc
ewhi
chi
ncl
udesc
onc
essi
onal

f
inanc
eforgr
eent
echnol
ogi
esandpol
l
utantf
reepr
ojec
ts.Ont
heot
hersi
debankr
educ
esi
nter
nal

c
arbonf
oot
pri
ntt
hroughpr
oduc
tinnov
ati
ons.
Tec
hnol
ogyor
ient
edbank
shel
ptor
educ
etheusageof

nat
ural
resour
cesandf
orenv
ironment
alpr
otec
tion.
Itwi
l
lal
soensur
etol
essuseofpaper
,wat
erand

ener
gyc
onsumpt
ion.Bank
sar
eac
tiv
elyengagei
ngr
eenpr
ocess,st
rat
egi
es,gr
eeni
nfr
ast
ruc
tur
e

andi
ntr
oduc
ingav
ari
etyofgr
eenpr
oduc
tsandser
vic
esandensur
etheenv
ironment
alpr
otec
tion.

T
hef
inanc
iali
nst
itut
ionsi
nfl
uenc
etheec
onomi
cgr
owt
handdev
elopmentoft
hec
ount
rybot
hin

t
ermsofQual
i
tyandQuant
ity,t
her
ebyadopt
ingv
ari
ousst
rat
egi
esf
orec
onomi
cgr
owt
h.As

env
ironment
ali
ssuesgai
ngr
eat
erat
tent
ion,pr
essur
eisbei
ngpl
acedonal
li
ndust
ries,i
ncl
udi
ng

f
inanc
ial
inst
itut
ionst
oimpl
ementGr
eenI
ni
ti
ati
ves.
Bank
ingsec
torpl
aysac
ruc
ial
anddec
isi
ver
olei
n

pr
omot
ingenv
ironment
all
ysust
ainabl
eandsoc
ial
l
yresponsi
bl
einv
est
ment
sasi
tinc
reasest
hev
alue

andl
ower
slossr
ati
oashi
gherqual
i
tyl
oanpor
tfol
i
oresul
tsi
nhi
gherear
nings.T
hus,enc
our
agi
ng

env
ironment
all
yresponsi
bl
einv
est
ment
sandpr
udentl
endi
ngshoul
dbeoneoft
her
esponsi
bi
li
ti
esof

t
hebank
ingsec
tor
.TheGr
eeni
ni
ti
ati
vest
akenbyBank
sorac
onc
eptofGr
eenbank
ingmeansusi
ngal
l

oft
hebank
sresour
ceswi
thr
esponsi
bi
li
tyandc
are,
avoi
di
ngwast
eandgi
vi
ngpr
ior
ityt
ochoi
cest
hat

t
akesust
ainabi
l
it
yint
oac
count
.Ital
someanspr
omot
ingenv
ironment
al-
fri
endl
ypr
act
icesand

r
educ
ingyourc
arbonf
oot
pri
ntf
romyourbank
ingac
tiv
iti
es.
Ther
easonsf
orgoi
nggr
eenar
emani
fol
d,

andt
hek
eyamongt
hem ar
e:i
ncr
easi
ngener
gyc
onsumpt
ionandener
gypr
ices,gr
owi
ngc
onsumer

i
nter
esti
nenv
ironment
all
y-f
ri
endl
ygoodsandser
vic
es,hi
gherexpec
tat
ionsbyt
hepubl
i
conBank
's

env
ironment
alr
esponsi
bi
li
ti
esandemer
gingst
ric
terr
egul
ator
yandc
ompl
i
anc
erequi
rement
s.T
his

c
omesi
nmanyf
orms
.Usi
ngonl
i
nebank
ingi
nst
eadofbr
anc
hbank
ing.P
ayi
ngbi
l
lsonl
i
nei
nst
eadof
mai
l
ingt
hem.Openi
ngupCDsandmoneymar
ketac
count
satonl
i
nebank
s,i
nst
eadofl
argemul
ti
-

br
anc
hbank
s.Orf
indi
ngt
hel
ocal
banki
nyourar
eat
hati
stak
ingt
hebi
ggestst
epst
osuppor
tloc
al

gr
eeni
ni
ti
ati
ves.I
tisanumbr
ell
ater
mref
err
ingt
opr
act
icesandgui
del
i
nest
hatmak
ebank
s

sust
ainabl
einec
onomi
c,env
ironment
,andsoc
ial
dimensi
ons.
Itai
mst
omak
ebank
ingpr
ocessesand

t
heuseofI
Tandphysi
cal
inf
rast
ruc
tur
easef
fi
ci
entandef
fec
tiv
easpossi
bl
e,wi
thzer
oormi
ni
mal

i
mpac
tont
heenv
ironment
.Gr
eenbank
ingr
efer
stohowenv
ironment
all
yfr
iendl
yyourbanki
s,and

how c
ommi
ttedt
ogr
eenandet
hic
alpol
i
ciest
heyar
e. Bank
ingsec
tori
sgener
all
yconsi
der
edas

env
ironmentf
ri
endl
yint
ermsofemi
ssi
onandpol
l
uti
ons.I
nter
nalenv
ironment
ali
mpac
toft
he

bank
ingsec
torsuc
hasuseofener
gy,paperandwat
erar
erel
ati
vel
ylowandc
lean.
Thi
sisanef
for
t

byt
hebank
stomak
ethei
ndust
riesgr
owgr
eenandi
nthepr
ocessr
est
oret
henat
ural
env
ironment
.

T
hisc
onc
eptofGr
eenbank
ingwi
l
lbemut
ual
l
ybenef
ici
alt
otheConsumer
s,bank
s,i
ndust
riesandt
he

ec
onomy.F
orc
onsumer
sthi
sshi
ftt
owar
dsgr
eenbank
ingmeanst
hatmor
edeposi
tandl
oan

pr
oduc
tswi
l
lbeav
ail
abl
ethr
oughonl
i
neandmobi
l
ebank
ing.
Ital
someansbet
terdeposi
trat
esonCDs,

moneymar
ketac
count
sandsav
ingsac
count
s.Gr
eenbank
sshoul
dal
sohav
elowerf
eesandgi
ver
ate

r
educ
tionsonl
oansgoi
ngt
owar
dsener
gy-
eff
ici
entpr
ojec
ts.T
hisi
sbank
ingbeyondpur
epr
ofi
t.

Anot
heri
mpor
tantaspec
tofgr
eenbank
ingi
sthei
nvol
vementandout
reac
hfr
omt
hei
ndi
vi
dual
bank
s

t
othei
rloc
alc
ommuni
ty.I
ndi
awasf
arbehi
ndf
rom ot
herc
ount
riesl
i
keChi
naandMexi
coi
n

i
ntr
oduc
ingandappl
yi
ngt
hec
onc
eptofGr
eenBank
ing.
Noi
ni
ti
ati
veswer
etak
enbyt
heI
ndi
anbank
s

t
ofor
mul
atet
hegr
eenc
onc
epti
nthesoc
iet
y.T
heaut
hor
smadec
leart
hatt
oat
tai
nsust
ainabl
e

dev
elopmenti
nthec
ount
ryi
mpar
tingeduc
ati
onandc
reat
ingawar
enesswasnec
essar
y.T
her
ear
e

onl
ysmal
lgr
oupofbank
sinI
ndi
athatl
eadi
nenv
ironmentaspec
t.S
omer
esear
cher
sresear
chedon

publ
i
caswel
laspr
ivat
esec
tor
swhi
chr
eveal
thatpubl
i
csec
torbank
shav
etak
enmor
eini
ti
ati
vesas

c
ompar
etopr
ivat
esec
tor
.Ther
efor
ethec
urr
entr
esear
chi
sfoc
usedt
ocompar
ati
vel
yanal
yzeof

Gr
eenBank
ingi
nIndi
aandAbr
oad.

Needsf
orGr
eenBank
ing

 T
hec
onc
ernf
orenv
ironment
alsust
ainabi
l
it
ybyt
hebank
shasgi
venr
iset
oconc
eptofGr
een

Bank
ing.
 Conv
ent
ional
bank
ingsyst
emsar
eener
gyc
onsumi
ngandc
auseasev
eret
oll
onenv
ironment

 Gr
eenbankbydi
rec
tingi
tsc
oreoper
ati
onst
owar
dst
hebet
ter
mentoft
heenv
ironment
.

 I
tmeansdev
elopi
ngi
ncl
usi
vebank
ingst
rat
egi
eswhi
chwi
l
lensur
esubst
ant
ialec
onomi
c

dev
elopmentandpr
omot
ingenv
ironment
al-
fri
endl
ypr
act
icesaswel
l
.

 Gr
eenBank
ingbot
hcount
ryandnat
ionget
senv
ironment
albenef
it
s,t
hec
onc
eptof“
Green

Bank
ing”wi
l
lbemut
ual
l
ybenef
ici
alt
othebank
s,i
ndust
riesandt
heec
onomy.

RE
VIE
WOFL
ITE
RAT
URE

Ac
cor
dingt
oRBI(
I
RDBT
,201
4),gr
eenbank
ingi
stomak
eint
ernalbankpr
ocesses,physi
cal

i
nfr
ast
ruc
tur
eandI
Tinf
rast
ruc
tur
easef
fec
tiv
eandef
fi
ci
entaspossi
bl
e,wi
thzer
oor

mi
ni
mal
impac
tont
heenv
ironment
.Theyhadi
ntr
oduc
edgr
eenr
ati
ngst
andar
dsf
orI
ndi
an

bank
s,whi
char
eter
medas‘
GreenCoi
nRat
ings
’.Undert
hisr
ati
ngsyst
em,
bank
sar
ejudged

ont
hebasi
sofc
arbonemi
ssi
onsf
rom t
hei
roper
ati
onsandont
heamountofr
ecyc
li
ng,

r
efur
bishmentandr
eusemat
eri
albei
ngusedi
nthei
rbui
l
dingf
urni
shi
ngsandi
nthesyst
ems

usedbyt
hem l
i
keser
ver
s,c
omput
ers
,pr
int
ers
,net
wor
ks,
etc
.Theyar
eal
sobei
ngj
udgedon
t
heamountofgr
eenpr
ojec
tsf
inanc
ebyt
hem andr
ewar
dsorr
ecogni
ti
onsgi
vent
o

bor
rower
sfort
urni
ngt
hei
rbusi
nessesgr
eener
.

Gr
eenbank
ingser
vic
eshel
pst
hebank
stowar
dst
hesust
ainabl
edev
elopment
soft
hebank
s.

I
nthi
scont
extmany aut
hor
s expr
essed t
hei
ropi
ni
ons on t
he pr
evi
ous and r
ecent

dev
elopment
sandt
rendsi
nthebank
ingsec
torr
elat
ingt
othegr
eenbank
ing.

J
euc
ken(
2001
)hi
ghl
i
ght
edi
mpor
tantdi
ff
erenc
esbet
weenr
egi
ons,
count
riesandbank
swi
th

r
egar
dto sust
ainabl
e bank
ing.J
euc
ken i
dent
if
ied f
ourst
ages:def
ensi
ve,pr
event
ive,

of
fensi
veandsust
ainabl
ebank
ing.

Chowdar
iPr
asad(
2002)hasst
udi
edt
heI
mpac
tofE
conomi
cRef
ormsonI
ndi
anBank
ingand

suggest
edhowbank
ingsec
torwi
l
lfac
ethec
hangesandc
hal
l
enges.

Hopwood,
2005
,hi
ghl
i
ght
edt
heneedf
orc
hangei
twoul
dbeagr
eedt
hatt
ransf
ormat
ioni
ntheusual

modelf
ort
hesust
ainabl
edev
elopmenti
sessent
iali
nor
dert
ounder
standt
heev
olut
ionoft
he

bank
ingsec
tort
owar
dssust
ainabi
l
it
y.

Mc
Kinsey&Co.(
2007
)Ont
het
opofal
lthese,t
her
eisc
ert
ainl
ytheaspec
tofpr
ofi
tabi
l
it
yand

pr
oduc
tiv
ityf
oral
lt
hesebank
stoac
hiev
e.

Dougl
as(
2008
)foundf
ourk
eyf
indi
ngs:(
a)bank
sar
einc
reasi
ngl
ydi
scussi
ngc
li
mat
echange

busi
nessoppor
tuni
ti
esi
nthei
rannual
repor
ts,(
b)t
went
yei
ghtoft
hef
ort
ybank
shav
ecal
cul
ated

anddi
scl
osedt
hei
rgr
eenhousegasemi
ssi
onsf
rom oper
ati
ons,(
c)gr
owi
ngdemand f
or

c
li
mat
efr
iendl
yfi
nanc
ialpr
oduc
tsandser
vic
esi
sleadi
ngbank
sint
o new mar
ket
s,and(
d)

i
nvest
mentbank
shav
etak
enal
eadi
ngr
olei
nsuppor
tingemi
ssi
onst
radi
ngmec
hani
smsand

i
ntr
oduc
ingnewr
iskmanagementpr
oduc
ts.

S
udi
pKarP
urk
ayast
ha(
201
0)S
uchmeasur
esal
soyi
el
dthebank
sinof
fer
ingt
opc
lassser
vic
eto

at
tai
nCust
omerS
ati
sfac
tion,par
tic
ular
lyatat
imet
her
eisst
if
fcompet
iti
onamongstt
he

di
ff
erentt
ypesofbank
s,i
.
e.,
Publ
i
c,P
riv
ate,F
orei
gnandot
her
s.

MohmedAmi
nulI
sl
am (
201
0)Gr
eenBank
ingi
sal
sogai
ni
ngi
mpor
tanc
einr
ecentt
imes.Whi
l
eth
e

bank
ingi
ndust
ryi
sunder
goi
ngc
omput
eri
zat
ion,net
wor
kingandof
fer
ingofon-
li
nebank
ingi
s
nat
ural
l
ygai
ni
ngmoment
um.

E
laS
en(
201
0)Besi
dessev
eral
benef
it
sofc
omput
eri
zat
ionl
i
kespeed,ac
cur
acy,ambi
enc
e,ef
fi
ci
ent

handl
i
ngofsi
zeabl
ebusi
ness
,et
c.,t
her
eisaf
act
orl
i
kepaper
-l
essbusi
nessr
esul
ti
ngi
nwast
e

management
,ec
o-f
ri
endl
i
nessandpol
l
uti
onc
ont
rol
.

GoyalKAandVi
j
ayJ
oshi(
201
1
)Onesi
debank
ersar
eexpec
tingmor
ebusi
nesst
hroughc
ust
omer

sat
isf
act
ionbutont
heot
hersi
de,t
het
echnol
ogyef
fec
tmak
est
hec
ust
omer
snotc
omi
ngt
othe

bankbutbanki
sgoi
ngt
othedoor
stepoft
hec
ust
omer
s

Ni
gamanda Bi
was (
201
1)i
nter
pret
ed Gr
een Bak
ing as c
ombi
ni
ng oper
ati
onali
mpr
ovement
s,

t
echnol
ogyandc
hangi
ngc
li
enthabi
tsi
nmar
ketpl
ace.Adopt
ionofgr
eenerbank
ingpr
act
iceswi
l
l

notonl
ybeusef
ulf
orenv
ironmentbutal
sobenef
iti
ngr
eat
eroper
ati
onalef
fi
ci
enc
ies,al
ower

v
ulner
abi
l
it
ytomanual
err
orsandf
raudandc
ostr
educ
tionsi
nbank
ingac
tiv
iti
es.Hest
atedt
hat

t
hec
onc
eptofgr
eenbak
ingwi
l
lbemut
ual
l
ybenef
ici
alt
othebank
s,i
ndust
riesandec
onomy.Not

onl
ygr
eenbank
ingwi
l
lensur
ethegr
eeni
ngoft
hei
ndust
riesbuti
twi
l
lal
sof
aci
l
it
atei
nimpr
ovi
ngt
he

assetqual
i
tyoft
hebanki
nfut
ure.
Hehasl
i
stedsev
eral
benef
it
sofgr
eenbank
ing.

Al
i
ceMani
(201
1
)indi
cat
edt
hatasS
oci
al
lyResponsi
bl
eCor
por
ateCi
ti
zens(
SRCC)
,bank
shav
eamaj
or

r
oleandr
esponsi
bi
li
tyi
nsuppl
ement
inggov
ernment
alef
for
tst
owar
dssubst
ant
ialr
educ
tioni
n

c
arbon emi
ssi
on.Bank
’spar
tic
ipat
ion i
n sust
ainabl
e dev
elopmentt
akest
he f
orm ofGr
een

Bak
ing.
Theaut
horexami
nedandc
ompar
edt
hegr
eenl
endi
ngpol
i
ciesofbank
sinI
ndi
aint
hel
i
ghtof

t
hei
rcompl
i
anc
eandc
ommi
tmentt
oenv
ironmentpr
otec
tionandenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
ypr
ojec
ts.
It

wasopi
nedt
hatBank
sinI
ndi
acani
mpl
ementgr
eenl
endi
ng.

(
UNE
P)Gr
eenF
inanc
eorGr
eenBank
ingr
efer
stodi
ver
sef
inanc
ial
ser
vic
esandpr
oduc
tspr
ovi
dedby

f
inanc
ial
inst
itut
ionsf
orsust
ainabl
edev
elopment(
UNE
PFI
,2007
).

Gr
eenf
inanc
ewasf
ir
stl
yrai
sedatt
hebegi
nni
ngof1
990’
s,whent
heUni
tedNat
ions

E
nvi
ronmentP
rogr
am (
UNE
P)wor
kedwi
thi
ndust
ryt
odev
elopenv
ironment
almanagement

st
rat
egi
est
hatt
heywer
econv
inc
edt
hatt
hef
inanc
ial
indust
rymai
ntai
ni
ngt
hei
rbusi
ness
es

mi
ghthav
easi
gni
fi
canti
nfl
uenc
etot
heenv
ironment(
UNE
PFI
,201
0).
Inf
act
,thi
sconc
epthas
beenment
ionedf
orsev
eral
year
s.Butt
odat
e,i
thasnotyetbeennor
mat
ivel
ydef
inedby

anyi
nter
nat
ionalbodi
es,asi
tdependsonspec
ifi
cfi
nanc
ialent
ityal
l
ocat
ingc
api
talt
o

spec
ifi
cpur
posewi
thi
ntegr
ati
ngenv
ironment
alandsust
ainabi
l
it
yfac
tor
s.T
her
ear
esome

maj
orc
onc
ernsaboutenv
ironment
ali
ssues.
Ther
efor
e,or
gani
zat
ionneedst
opayat
tent
ion

t
othei
rout
put
swhet
hert
heyar
evi
ol
ati
ngenv
ironment
ali
ssuesornot
.AtS
BIBank
,iti
s

bel
i
evedt
hatpr
ofi
tshoul
dnotbeear
nedatt
heexpenseoft
hewor
ld'
smostpr
essi
ng

env
ironment
alpr
obl
ems
.

T
hati
swhyt
heyf
inanc
eor
gani
zat
ionsf
rom or
gani
cfoodandf
armi
ngbusi
nessesand

pi
oneer
ingr
enewabl
eener
gyent
erpr
ises
,tor
ecyc
li
ngc
ompani
esandnat
urec
onser
vat
ion

pr
ojec
ts.
Ci
ti
zensBankofCanadahasl
ower
edi
tsi
nter
estr
ateonl
oansf
orc
arbonemi
ssi
on

c
ars.
Thesek
indsofef
for
tswi
l
lsur
elymot
ivat
eot
herbank
stopr
omot
egr
eenbank
ingand

c
onsequent
lyi
nlongr
unenv
ironment
ali
ssuesc
anber
esol
ved.

J
ha&Bhome(
201
3)di
dtheempi
ri
cal
studyont
hest
epst
hatc
anbet
akenf
orgoi
nggr
eeni
n

t
hebank
ingsec
torandt
ochec
ktheawar
enessamongbankempl
oyees,
assoc
iat
esandt
he

gener
alpubl
i
caboutgr
eenbank
ingc
onc
ept
.Th
eydi
dthi
sst
udybyc
oll
ect
ingdat
afr
om 1
2

bankmanager
s,5
0bankempl
oyeesand

5
0gener
alc
ust
omer
s.T
heaut
hor
swer
eoft
heopi
ni
ont
hat onl
i
nebank
ing,gr
eenl
oans,

powersav
ingequi
pment
s,gr
eenc
redi
tcar
d,useofsol
arandwi
ndener
gyandmobi
l
e

bank
ingwer
esomeoft
hest
rat
egi
est
hatshoul
dbef
oll
owedf
orgoi
nggr
een.
Ther
esul
tsof

t
hest
udywer
e,bank
sshoul
dadoptenv
ironment
alst
andar
dsofl
endi
ng,whi
chr
esul
tsi
n

i
mpr
ovi
ngt
heassetqual
i
tyofbank
s.T
her
ateofi
nter
estonl
oansgi
venf
orgr
eenpr
ojec
ts

shoul
dcompar
ati
vel
ylesst
hant
henor
malr
ateofi
nter
est
.Compani
esc
ani
ncr
easet
hei
r

pr
ofi
tabi
l
it
ybyr
educ
ing orr
ecyc
li
ngofwast
egener
atedandal
sobyadopt
ingsust
ainabl
e

measur
est
ogogr
een.

Dhar
wal
&Agar
wal
(201
3)st
udi
edt
hatgr
eenbank
ingi
sak
eyi
nmi
ti
gat
ingt
hec
redi
tri
sk,
legal

r
iskandr
eput
ati
onr
isk
.Theaut
horhadsuggest
edsomegr
eenbank
ingst
rat
egi
esl
i
ke

c
arbon c
redi
tbusi
ness,gr
een f
inanc
ialpr
oduc
ts,gr
een mor
tgages,c
arbon f
oot
pri
nt
r
educ
tion(
paper
lessbank
ing,ener
gyc
onsc
iousness,masst
ranspor
tat
ionsyst
em,gr
een

bui
l
ding)
,andsoc
ial
responsi
bi
li
tyser
vic
est
owar
dst
hesoc
iet
y.

Mal
u,Agr
awal
,&J
ajoo(
201
4)st
udi
edt
hatbank
scanpl
ayani
mpor
tantr
olei
nreduc
ingt
he

c
arbonf
oot
pri
nti
nth
esoc
iet
y.E
arl
i
erec
onomi
cdev
elopmentmeansr
educ
ingpov
ert
y,

i
nequal
i
tyandunempl
oymenti
nthesoc
iet
y,butt
hec
onc
eptofE
conomi
cdev
elopmenthad

c
hangedt
oSus
tai
nabl
edev
elopmentwhi
chmeans“
dev
elopmentt
hatmeet
stheneedsof

t
hepr
esentwi
thoutc
ompr
omi
si
ngt
heabi
l
it
yoff
utur
egener
ati
ont
omeett
hei
rownneeds

(
Wor
ldCommi
ssi
onE
nvi
ronmentandDev
elopment1
987
).

T
hest
udysuggest
edt
hatsust
ainabi
l
it
yint
hebank
ingsec
torc
ant
aket
wof
orms-

.B
1 ank
scanc
hanget
hei
rrout
ineoper
ati
onst
hroughr
ecyc
li
ngpr
ogr
ams,
paper
lessbank
ing,

usi
ngener
gyef
fi
ci
entr
esour
ces
,andsuppor
tforc
ommuni
tyev
ent
sforr
educ
ingpol
l
uti
on

andsoon.

2.T
heyc
anadoptl
endi
ngandi
nvest
mentst
rat
egi
est
opr
omot
eenv
ironment
all
yresponsi
bl
e

pr
ojec
tsandc
anal
sodev
elopgr
eenpr
oduc
tst
oensur
ethesust
ainabi
l
it
yint
hei
rcor
ebusi
ness.

Vi
kasNat
hi,
Nit
inNayak&Ank
itGoel
(201
4)c
onc
ludedt
hatI
ndi
aisr
unni
ngbehi
ndt
hei
rcount
erpar
ts

f
rom dev
elopedec
onomi
es.T
heyhav
est
art
edadopt
inggr
eenpr
act
ices,butst
il
lthei
rimpac
ton

t
heenv
ironmenti
sinc
reasi
ng.Gr
eenbank
sar
eatst
artupmodei
nIndi
a.T
heyshoul
dexpandt
he

useofenv
ironment
ali
nfor
mat
ioni
nthei
rbusi
nessoper
ati
ons,c
redi
text
ensi
onandi
nvest
ment

dec
isi
ons.T
heendeav
orwi
l
lhel
pthem pr
oac
tiv
elyi
mpr
ovet
hei
renv
ironment
alper
for
manc
eand

c
reat
ingl
ongt
ermv
aluesf
ort
hei
rbusi
ness
.

T
.Raj
eshandA.
S.Di
l
eep(
201
4)c
onc
ludedt
hatGr
eenBank
ingi
sanumbr
ell
ater
mref
err
ingt
o

pr
act
icesandgui
del
i
nest
hatmak
ebank
ssust
ainabl
einec
onomi
c,env
ironment
,andsoc
ial

di
mensi
ons.Gr
eenbank
ingc
anbeanav
enuet
oreduc
epol
l
uti
onandsav
etheenv
ironmentai
di
ng

sust
ainabl
eec
onomi
cgr
owt
h.Bef
oremak
ingt
hedec
isi
ont
ofi
nanc
eapr
ojec
t,bank
smustseei
ts

env
ironment
alr
isk
sandensur
ethepr
ojec
tpl
ayer
shav
eenv
ironment
alsaf
etymeasur
esi
nthei
r

pl
ans,
inc
ludi
ngr
ecyc
li
ngf
aci
l
it
iesorsmok
eandgasar
rest
inguni
ts.
Afr
amewor
kofi
ncent
ivesf
or
r
esponsi
bl
ebank
sanddi
si
ncent
ivesf
orpol
l
utant
sisanessent
ial
elementf
ort
hedev
elopmentof

gr
eenbank
ing.

Year Aut
hor KeyObser vati
ons
I
NDIANRE VIEW’SOBS ERVAT I
ONS
2008 SahooandNayak  Resear cherr eveal edt hatt her ehav enotbeenmanyi nit
iati
ves
takenbyI ndianbankt owar dsGr eenBank i
ng.
 Studyal sost atedt hatnoneoft heIndianbank shav eadopted
equat orpr inci
ple.
201
2 Bahl  Bahlhighli
ght edt heimpor t anc eofc reati
ngawar enesstowar ds
GreenBank i
ngt oensur esust ainablegrowt h.
 Theaut horsuggest edt hatt oat tai
nsust ainablegrowth
i
mpar ti
ngeduc at i
ont hr oughpubl i
cations,newsl et
tersandmedi a
areimpor tant.
201
3 J
haandBhome  T her esear cher sst atedc ertainstepsneededi ngreenbank i
ng.
 Onl i
nebank i
ng, Greenc hec ki
ngac counts,GreenCreditCards
wer ef ewst epssuggest edbyt hem.
201
3 Raj
put
,Kauretal
.  Theaut horsexpl ai
nedt hatthereareonl ysmallgroupofbanks
i
nI ndi
at hatgoaheadandt akesini
ti
ativesinenvironmental
aspec t.
201
3 YadavandP
athak  T heauthor sresearch’sstatedt hei
niti
ativ
est akenbypri
v at
e
andpubl icbankf orenvironmentsust ai
nabili
ty.
 T heresultsrevealedthatpubl i
csectorbank shavet ak
enmor e
initi
ati
vesasc ompar etopr i
vatesector.

201
3 Rambal
ak &  Theresear
chersmadec l
eart hattheindust
riesandfir
msare
Phat
akSwroop vul
nerabl
etoseverepol
i
cies,sever
elawsoft hec ount
rywhi
ch
aff
ectthebanksandfi
nanciali
nsti
tuti
ons.

201
3 Singhal
, S i
nghal Theaut
hor senl ightenedt hatGr eenbank i
ngsav estheenv ir
onmentand
&Ar ya hel
psto2c onser vetheener gy. Theyexpl ainedt hatbankshoul dthink
farmoret hanAT M,Greenc r editc ards, greenCDs.
201
4 Khedekar  Ac cordingt othest udyofr esear chert hebankshoul dpr ovide
i
nt ernet bank ing suc h as Demat hol di
ng,i nvestment t o
fac i
l
itatet hepublic.
 Al sot oeduc atet hepubl ic,semi narandc onf erencemustbe
conduc ted.
201
4 Sreeshach  T her esear cher sstudyr evealedt hatpubl i
csec torbank sar e
mor einterestedi ngr eenbank ingasc ompar edt oprivate
sec torbank s.
 T heaut horsuggest edt hatt obal anc ethesituat i
onimpar ti
ng
knowl edgei simpor tant .
201
4 Sahitya & T heaut horsdisc l
osedt heawar enessofbank stowar dsGreen
Lalwani bank i
ng.
 P ubli
candpr ivatesec torbank smadei tpossiblethrought he
use
ofAT Mandi nternetbank ing.

201
4 Shar
ma,
Gopal
et  Theresearchunv ei
l
edt hatt hreefourt
houtoft otalpubli
c
al
. whomak euseofonl i
nef aci
li
t i
esareunawareofthet erm
GreenBanki
ng.
 ThemajorhindranceinIndiar egar
dingGreenBanki
ngist he
techni
cali
ssuesinvol
vedf ol
lowedbyl ackofeducat
ion.
 201
4 Nat
h,Nayaketal
.  Thedet ail
edst udyoft heseaut hor sc onsi stofgr eenr at i
ng
standar dsi .
e.gr eenr atingpoi ntsac cor dingt owhichthebank s
areappr aised.
 Wor ldBank ’snor msgui det hebank st oadoptsust ainable
technol ogy.
201
4 Sudhal
akshmiand  Ther esear chersr ev ealedt hatnoef fortswer emadebyt he
Chi
nnadorai I
ndianbank stowar dsGr eenBank ing.
 Indianbank swer er equi redt ot akeint hegr eenaspectint heir
l
endi ngr ul
es.
201
4 Kar
unak
aran.
R  Theaut horhi ghli
gh tedt hati fI ndianbank swantt oent ert he
globalec onomy,t hen t hey shoul d be awar e of t heir
responsi bili
ti
esasagl obal cor poratec i
t izen.
 Useofr enewabl er esour c esandpaper lessbank ingaresome
strat egiest oimpr ov ethesi tuat i
on.
201
5 Ragupat
hi.
Mand  .Accor dingt other esear cher spr i
orbankwasnotawar eabout
Suj
atha.
S thec onc eptgr eenbank ingbutnow bank sar ec onsc ious
towar dsenv ir
onmentsust ai
nabi l
ity.
201
5 Rambal
akYadav  Ther esear c
hersr ev ealedt hatatpr esentt hebank sareawar e
and ofGr eenBank ingandhasr eal i
zedt hei mpor tanceofbank
Govi
ndSwroop towar dsitsenv ironment .
Phat
ak
INT
ERNAT
IONALRE
VIE
W’SOBS
ERVAT
IONS

2009 ChrisVanHol
l
en  Hei nt roduc edt hec onc eptofGr eenBank ingwher ehi smai n
(USA) mot i
v ewast or educ et heuseofpaperwor k.
201
1 BANGLADESH  I
ti st heoneandonl yc ent ralbankhav ingt hepr operk nowl edge
towar dsGr eenBank ing.
 Thec ount ryal soof f er edc l
imat e-friendlyl ending.
2004- BRAZI
L  Brazi lbank swer eamongt heear li
estbank st osi gnupt ot he
201
5 Equat orP ri
nc i
ples.
 Br azi l
ianbankassoc i
at iongui dedt hebank stoadoptGr een
Prot oc ol.
 Manyr ulesandpar amet erswer eissuedt osaf eguar dt he
env i
r onmentwhi chwasdul yf oll
owedbyt hec ount ry.
2006- CHI
NA  I
nChi na, GreenCr editP olicywasi ntr oduc edwhi chk epti nmi nd
201
5 theenv ir
onmentwh i
leexer cisingt hel endi ngpol ici
es.
 P ublicawar enesswasi ni ti
atedandmanypr ojec tsr elatedt o
GreenBank ingwer elaunc hed.
201
4 I
NDONE
SIA  I
nI ndonesi ahugeamountofc apital wasr equiredt oc arryout
sust ainabl edev elopmentwhi c hhi nder edt hepr ocessbutt he
fi
nanc ialmar ketoft her espec tedc ount r yalwayspr omot ed
GreenBank ing.
 Due t ot he f inanc ialsec tor t he aut horityl aunc hed a
Sust ainabl eF inanc e Roadmap whi chc ontributed t ot he
nat i
onal growt h.
201
6 ME
XICO  A“ Sust ai
nabili
t yP rot oc ol”wasof fi
c i
all
ysi gnedbyMexi can
bank sf orthedev el
opmentofGr eenBank ingint hec ount ry.
 TheP rot ocolpr ov i
desdi r ectiont osust ainablelendi ng,
toget herwi thapl ant oi mpl ementf urtherac ti
ons.
201
4 T
URKE
Y  Tur ki
sh bank s had f ol l
owed nat i
onalgoal s as wel las
i
nt ernat i
onal pr i
nc i
plesf orsust ainabl ebank i
ngandi twasdul y
prac tic edbyt hec ount r y.
 Tur key bank al so i nt r oduc ed sust ainabi l
i
ty gui del ines f or
bank ingsec torwhi c hshowedapl easantgr owt hi nGr een
Bank ing.

Mar
ketbar
ri
ers
F
orc
onsumer
s,hi
ghupf
rontc
ost
sof
tenmak
ecl
eanener
gyt
echnol
ogyunat
trac
tiv
etoadoptdespi
te

dec
li
nesi
ncl
eanener
gyt
echnol
ogyc
ost
s. 
Hi
stor
ical
l
y,t
hec
leanener
gysec
torhasdependedon

t
axpayer
-funded 
grant
s,r
ebat
es,
 
taxc
redi
ts,
andot
her
 subsi
di
es 
todr
ivemar
ketdev
elopment
.

I
deal
l
y,pr
ivat
elender
swoul
dpr
ovi
def
inanc
ingt
obui
l
ding-
owner
stoc
overupf
rontc
ostofc
lean

ener
gy adopt
ion (
beyond what i
s c
over
ed by r
ebat
es)
. Howev
er,t
her
e ar
e c
api
tal

mar
ket
 i
nef
fi
ci
enc
iesand i
nher
entc
hal
l
engest
ofi
nanc
ing c
lean ener
gy t
hathav
eresul
ted i
n

i
nadequat
einv
est
mentbypr
ivat
elender
s.S
omepr
ivat
elender
sdoof
ferf
orc
leanener
gypr
ojec
ts,

butt
ypi
cal
l
ychar
ge 
i
nter
estr
ates 
thatar
erel
ati
vel
yhi
ghand 
l
oan 
tenor
sthatar
eshor
t. 
Suc
hter
ms

mak
efi
nanc
ingac
leanener
gypr
ojec
tunat
trac
tiv
efr
om t
heend-
user
’sper
spec
tiv
e.T
obeat
trac
tiv
e

f
rom t
heend-
user
’sper
spec
tiv
e,f
inanc
ingt
ermswoul
dbesuc
hthatt
hemont
hly 
cashf
low 
from

c
leanener
gypr
ojec
tswoul
dbegr
eat
ert
hant
hemont
hlypayment
sfort
hec
ostoff
inanc
ing.
Thi
ski
nd

ofc
ashf
low st
ruc
tur
eisonl
ypossi
bl
ewi
thl
oant
ermst
hatmat
cht
heexpec
tedl
i
fet
imeoft
he

pr
ojec
tssav
ings,andwi
thr
atest
hatar
ecommensur
atewi
tht
her
isk
.Ther
efor
e,pr
ivat
ecapi
tal

of
fer
edatunf
avor
abl
eter
ms(
i
fiti
sav
ail
abl
eatal
l
)under
cut
stheec
onomi
cat
trac
tiv
enessoft
he

pr
ojec
tpot
ent
ial
cust
omer
sorpr
ojec
tdev
eloper
s.Ashor
tfal
lofpr
ivat
efi
nanc
ingexi
stsf
orsev
eral

r
easons.Oner
easoni
sthatt
her
eisar
elat
ivel
yshor
ttr
ackr
ecor
dforc
leanener
gyf
inanc
ing,and

t
her
efor
eth
erei
sli
ttl
edat
aforl
ender
stor
elyon.Wi
thoutdat
a,andobser
vabl
epi
pel
i
neofsi
mil
ar

pr
ojec
ts,bank
sar
elef
twi
thhi
ghl
evel
sofunc
ert
aint
yov
erhow wel
ldi
ff
erentt
ypesofpr
ojec
ts

per
for
m andhow of
tenbor
rower
srepayt
hei
rloans.T
hisunc
ert
aint
yleadst
oei
therhesi
tat
iont
o

ent
ert
hemar
ket
,hi
ghduedi
l
igenc
ecost
sand/
orunf
avor
abl
elendi
ngt
erms.
Anot
herr
easonf
ort
he

f
inanc
inggapi
sthatmanyc
leanener
gypr
ojec
tsar
esmal
landdi
str
ibut
ed.Bui
l
dingef
fi
ci
enc
y

upgr
ades and 
roof
top sol
ar 
proj
ect
s ar
einher
ent
ly smal
linv
est
ment
sthatar
e geogr
aphi
cal
l
y

di
sper
sed,
wit
hvar
ying 
credi
t 
amongc
ount
erpar
ties.
Het
erogenei
tyi
ncl
eanener
gypr
ojec
tsi
smor
e

expensi
vef
orapr
ivat
elendert
o under
wri
teatsc
ale,mak
ingl
oansf
orc
leanener
gypr
ojec
ts

pot
ent
ial
l
yunec
onomi
cal
fromt
heper
spec
tiv
eoft
hel
ender
.At
hir
dreasonf
ort
hef
inanc
inggapi
sthe

l
ackofc
api
tal
mar
ket
 l
iqui
di
ty 
andmat
uri
ty.
Ifac
ommer
cial
bankpr
ovi
desan 
ener
gyef
fi
ci
enc
y l
oan,

i
tisunk
nownt
othebanki
fi
twi
l
lbeabl
etosel
lt
hatl
oant
oanot
herl
enderori
fi
twi
l
lhav
etohol
dthat
 S
COP
EOFGRE
ENBANKI
NGI
NINDI
A

T
her
ehasbeenar
emar
kabl
eimpr
ovementi
nthewor
kingofbank
sint
ermsofc
utt
ingc
ost
s,

i
ncr
easi
ngpr
oduc
tiv
ity,i
mpr
ovi
ngt
hepr
ofi
tabi
l
it
y,c
ont
rol
l
ingandmanagementoft
heNon-

P
erf
ormi
ngAss
ets(
NPAs)
,fac
ether
isk
s,c
arr
youtt
heAssetL
iabi
l
it
yManagement
,managet
he

c
hangesi
nint
erestr
ates,handl
ethe f
orei
gn exc
hange r
atef
luc
tuat
ions,c
ompl
y wi
tht
he

r
egul
ator
’sr
equi
rement
sandf
inal
l
yimpr
ovet
hec
ust
omerser
vic
etot
hei
rbestsat
isf
act
ion.
Green

bank
ingav
oidsasmuc
hpaperwor
kaspossi
bl
eandr
elyononl
i
ne/el
ect
roni
ctr
ansac
tionsf
or

pr
ocessi
ngsot
hatwegetgr
eenc
redi
tcar
dsandgr
eenmor
tgages.L
esspaper
wor
kmeansl
ess

c
utt
ing oft
rees.I
t al
so i
nvol
ves c
reat
ing awar
eness t
o bank
ing busi
ness peopl
e about

env
ironment
alandsoc
ialr
esponsi
bi
li
tyenabl
i
ngt
hem t
odoanenv
ironment
alf
ri
endl
ybusi
nes
s

pr
act
ice.

OBJ
ECT
IVE
SOFT
HES
TUDY

1
.Toev
aluat
etheuseofGr
eenBank
ingP
roduc
tsi
nbank
ingsec
tor
.

2. T
oexami
neandc
ompar
ethegr
eenbank
ingi
ni
ti
ati
vesbyP
ubl
i
candP
riv
ateS
ect
orBank
s.

3
.Tor
evi
ewt
hest
atusofgr
eenbank
ingi
nIndi
a.

4
.Toc
ompar
ati
vel
yst
udyt
hegr
eenbank
ingi
ni
ti
ati
vesi
nIndi
aandAbr
oad.

5
.Tost
udyt
hei
mpor
tanc
eandc
onc
eptof„
GreenBank
ing‟
.

6.T
oident
if
ythev
ari
ousi
ni
ti
ati
vest
akenbyt
hesel
ectbank
sinI
ndi
a.

7
.Toi
dent
if
yGr
eenBank
ingst
rat
egi
es.

8
.Tosuggestt
hemeasur
est
obeadopt
edbyt
hesel
ectbank
stoensur
eGr
eenBank
ing.
 RE
SEARCHME
THODOL
OGY

T
hepr
esentst
udyi
sbasedonsec
ondar
ydat
awhi
chi
scol
l
ect
edf
romannual
repor
tsoft
he

r
espec
tiv
ebank
s,r
epor
tsoft
heRBI
,ti
met
oti
menewspubl
i
shedi
nvar
iousnewspaper
s,websi
tesof

t
hebank
sandr
esear
char
tic
lespubl
i
shedi
nther
elev
antf
iel
d

T
hest
udyi
sconf
inedt
oonl
ythr
eepubl
i
csec
torbank
s(S
tat
eBankI
ndi
a,BankofBar
odaandP
unj
ab

Nat
ional
Bank
)andt
hreepr
ivat
esec
torbank
s(I
ndust
rial
Credi
tandI
nvest
mentCor
por
ati
onBankof

I
ndi
a(I
CI
CI
),Housi
ngDev
elopmentF
inanc
eCor
por
ati
onBank(
HDF
C)andAxi
sbank
).T
hesear
ethet
op

t
hreepubl
i
candpr
ivat
esec
torbank
sbasedont
hei
rnetpr
ofi
t.F
orgat
her
ingi
nfor
mat
ionaboutt
he

gr
eenbank
ingac
tiv
iti
esunder
tak
enbyt
hebank
sthati
smai
nl
ybasedont
heannual
repor
tsoft
he

sel
ect
edbank
sfr
om 201
0to201
5,Bank
sBusi
nessResponsi
bl
yRepor
ts,of
fi
ci
alwebsi
tesoft
he

r
espec
tiv
ebank
set
c.T
hest
udyi
smai
nl
ybasedont
hesec
ondar
ysour
cei
nfor
mofv
ari
ousr
esear
ch

paper
s,websi
tesandeBook
s.T
her
esear
cher
shav
epl
acedt
hei
rownobser
vat
ionsr
egar
dingt
he

same.Resear
ch-
basedc
asest
udi
eswer
ecr
eat
edandpr
ovi
dedbyCoal
i
ti
onmember
sandot
her
i
ndust
ryst
akehol
der
s.

US
EOFGRE
ENBANKI
NGP
RODUCT
SINBANKI
NGS
ECT
OR

GoOnl
i
ne:Onl
i
nebank
ingi
ncl
udesi
nter
netbank
ing,mobi
l
ebank
ing,t
abbank
ing,phonebank
ing,RT
GS

andNE
FTt
ransac
tionset
c.T
hef
unc
tionsi
nvol
vedar
epaybi
l
lsonl
i
ne,onl
i
nedeposi
ts,f
undt
ransf
er,

ac
countst
atement
set
c.T
hrought
hesebank
ingac
tiv
iti
esbank
sar
eul
ti
mat
elyc
onsumel
esspaper
,

l
essener
gyandl
essexpendi
tur
eonnat
uralr
esour
ces. Car
dbasedt
ransac
tions:Bank
shav
e

i
ntr
oduc
edav
ari
etyofc
ardbasedt
ransac
tionsbyl
aunc
hinggr
eenc
hannelc
ount
ers(
GCC)
.GCC

pr
omot
esc
ardbasedt
ransac
tionst
othei
rcust
omer
snotonl
ytor
educ
ethec
onsumpt
ionofpaper

andener
gybutal
sot
osav
ethet
imeofc
ust
omer
s.Av
ari
etyofc
ardssuc
hasAT
M,Cr
edi
tandDebi
t

c
ards,gr
eenr
emi
tcar
ds,F
orei
gnT
rav
elCar
d,eZP
ayCar
d,Gi
ftCar
d,S
mar
tPayoutCar
det
c.ar
e

av
ail
abl
eforc
ust
omer
s.

Gr
eenF
inanc
e:Bankshoul
dfi
nanc
eenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
ypr
ojec
tsandenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
ypr
oduc
ts

suc
hassol
arequi
pment
s,r
ecyc
ledf
urni
tur
e,v
ehi
cl
efi
nanc
eforl
owc
arbonemi
ssi
onsv
ehi
cl
es,
home

f
inanc
eforgr
eenbui
l
dingset
c.wi
thgi
vi
ngsomec
onc
essi
onsi
npr
ocessi
ngf
eeandc
onc
ess
ional
rat
e

ofi
nter
est
. Gr
eenI
nfr
ast
ruc
tur
e:Gr
eeni
nfr
ast
ruc
tur
einc
ludesI
Tinf
rast
ruc
tur
e(Dat
aCent
ers)
,

gr
eenbui
l
dingswi
thsuf
fi
ci
entnat
urall
i
ght
eni
ngandai
r,gener
ateel
ect
ric
ityf
ort
hei
rownuseand

wast
erec
ycl
i
ngpl
ant
sforr
ecyc
let
hei
rownwast
e.Gr
eeni
nfr
ast
ruc
tur
emayal
sobec
onsi
der
edS
elf

S
erv
iceP
assbook P
rint
ers,Ki
osk
s(Mul
tiF
unc
tionKi
osk
sandS
elfS
erv
iceKi
osk
s),
CashDeposi
t

Mac
hinesandCont
actCent
re et
c.I
tfac
il
it
atest
oreduc
ebank
sint
ernalc
arbonf
oot
pri
nt.Useof

powersav
ingequi
pment
s: Useofsol
arpower
edUP
S,GS
L/L
EDbul
bs,r
ainwat
erhar
vest
ingby

bank
s,est
abl
i
shi
ngsol
arpower
ed AT
Mset
c.

S
our
cesofCapi
tal

Gr
eenbank
sar
eusual
l
yseededwi
thpubl
i
ccapi
tal
,andt
hatc
api
tal
canc
omef
romawi
dev
ari
etyof

c
hannel
s.T
hegr
eenbankf
inanc
emodel
preser
vesl
i
mit
edsuppl
i
esofpubl
i
ccapi
tal
,al
l
owi
ngeac
h

dol
l
art
ober
ecyc
ledc
ont
inuousl
yandut
il
i
zedf
ormul
ti
pl
ecl
eanener
gypr
ojec
ts.
  Rat
epayersur
char
ge

Ast
ateorl
ocal
gov
ernmentmaypl
aceasmal
l
 sur
char
ge 
onener
gybi
l
lswi
thi
nit
s j
uri
sdi
cti
on,
and

mayr
equi
ret
hatt
hef
undsr
aisedbyt
hisc
har
gebedi
sbur
sedt
oagr
eenbank
.Ort
hegov
ernment

mayr
epur
poseanexi
sti
ngsur
char
geanddi
rec
tther
evenuet
oagr
eenbank
.Thesur
char
gec
an

pr
ovi
degr
eenbank
swi
thayear
lyi
nfl
uxofc
api
tal
.
 TheConnec
tic
utGr
eenBankandNewYor
kGr
een

Bankar
ecapi
tal
i
zedi
npar
tbyasyst
emsbenef
itc
har
ge.

 Bondi
ssuance

Gr
eenbank
scanal
soi
ssue 
bonds 
toobt
ainc
api
tal
.Publ
i
csec
torbondshav
ethebenef
itofbei
ngt
ax

exempt
,al
l
owi
nggov
ernment
sandot
herpubl
i
caut
hor
iti
est
opayr
elat
ivel
ylowi
nter
estr
atest
o

bondowner
s.Agr
eenbank
’sbondi
ngaut
hor
ityal
l
owsdebti
nvest
orst
osec
ureast
eadyst
reamof

payment
sfr
omani
nst
itut
ionwi
thal
owr
iskofdef
aul
t.I
nexc
hange,
thegr
eenbankr
ecei
vesc
api
tal

t
hati
tcani
mmedi
atel
yinv
esti
ncl
eanener
gydepl
oyment
.

 T
ypesofbonds

 Gr
eenbank
scanbec
api
tal
i
zedbybondi
ssuanc
est
hatar
ebac
kedbyst
atei
nwhi
cht
hegr
een

bankexi
sts.

 Gr
eenbank
scanal
sobec
api
tal
i
zedbyi
ssui
ngbondst
hatar
ebac
kedbyt
hegr
eenbanki
tsel
f.

 Gr
eenbank
scanr
aisec
api
tal
byi
ssui
ngpr
ojec
tbondst
hatar
ebac
kedbyt
her
evenue-
gener
ati
ng

pot
ent
ial
oft
hepr
ojec
tst
heywi
l
lfund.
 
Rev
enueBondsf
romaDedi
cat
edCashS
tream

 Ot
herbondsbac
kedbyadedi
cat
edc
ashst
ream(
suc
hasr
atepayerf
ees,
orbyauc
tionsof

emi
ssi
onsal
l
owanc
es)
canbei
ssuedt
ogener
atec
api
tal
foragr
eenbank
.

 I
fagr
eenbanki
sshor
tonc
api
tal
,i
tcansec
uri
ti
zel
oansi
thasi
ssued(
asset
s)and,
thr
ougha

sec
ondar
ymar
ket
,sel
lt
hemt
oanot
heri
nvest
orasabond.
Forexampl
e,t
heConnec
tic
utGr
een

Banksol
d$3
0mi
l
li
oni
nbondsbac
kedbyc
ommer
cial
eff
ici
enc
yloanst
oCl
eanF
und.
 I
ndust
rial
rev
enuebondsandpr
ivat
eac
tiv
itybondsc
anbei
ssuedf
orc
ert
aingr
eenbankac
tiv
iti
es.

 Rev
enuef
romcar
bonpr
ici
ng

Gr
eenbank
scanal
sobepar
tial
l
ycapi
tal
i
zedbyt
her
evenuer
aisedf
romv
ari
ousc
arbonpr
ici
ngpol
i
cies

suc
hasc
arbont
axes
,fees,
andc
ap-
and-
tradesys
tems.
Forexampl
e,bot
htheNYGBandt
heCGBar
e

c
api
tal
i
zedi
npar
tbyt
her
evenueeac
hst
ater
aisest
hrought
he 
Regi
onal
GreenhouseGas

I
ni
ti
ati
ve 
(RGGI
)
.

 Di
rectbudgetappr
opr
iat
ion

Agov
ernmentc
anal
l
ocat
edol
l
arst
oagr
eenbankasapar
tofi
tsr
egul
arbudgetandappr
opr
iat
ions

pr
ocess.

 Re-
all
ocat
ionofexi
sti
ngf
unds

S
omet
imesanexi
sti
ngi
nvest
mentf
undwi
l
lbeunder
usedorc
ompl
etel
yunused.
Itmaybepossi
bl
eto

r
e-al
l
ocat
esomesuc
hfundsandputt
hedol
l
arst
owor
kinagr
eenbank
.

 P
ensi
onf
unds

P
ensi
onf
undsc
ani
nvesti
ndeal
sorpor
tfol
i
osofdeal
sgener
atedbygr
eenbank
s.

 F
oundat
ions

F
oundat
ionsc
anmak
egr
ant
stogr
eenbank
stof
undst
art
upc
ost
s,ort
heyc
anmak
epr
ogr
am-

r
elat
edi
nvest
ment
singr
eenbank
sandear
nar
etur
nont
hei
rmoneyi
nawayt
hati
sal
i
gnedwi
th

t
hei
rmi
ssi
on.

 Communi
tydev
elopmentf
inanci
ali
nst
itut
ions

Communi
tydev
elopmentf
inanc
ial
inst
itut
ions 
(CDF
Is)
canc
o-i
nvestorpr
ovi
dest
art
upc
api
tal
for

gr
eenbank
s.CDF
Isc
anal
sopr
ovi
dei
mpor
tantt
echni
cal
exper
tisei
ncer
tai
nar
easofgr
eenbank

ac
tiv
ity.

 F
eder
alsour
cesi
ntheUS

 T
he 
USDA 
andi
ts 
Rur
alUt
il
i
ti
esS
erv
ice 
(RUS
)pr
ogr
ampr
ovi
def
undi
ngf
ori
nfr
ast
ruc
tur
epr
ojec
ts,

i
ncl
udi
ngener
gy-
rel
atedi
nfr
ast
ruc
tur
e,t
orur
alc
ommuni
ti
es.
TheRUShasf
undi
ngav
ail
abl
ethat
 c
oul
dbeusedbygr
eenbank
stof
inanc
epr
ojec
tsi
nrur
alar
eas.

 T
he 
Uni
tedS
tat
esDepar
tmentofE
ner
gy 
(DOE
)haspr
ogr
ams,
not
abl
ytheL
oanP
rogr
amOf
fi
ce

(
LPO)
,whi
chpr
ovi
desf
eder
aldol
l
arsf
ori
nnov
ati
vec
leanener
gyc
ompani
esandpr
ojec
t

por
tfol
i
os.
 
Agr
eenbankc
oul
dtak
eadv
ant
ageofDOEmoneybybui
l
dingpor
tfol
i
osofpr
ojec
ts

desi
gnedt
omeett
hest
andar
dsetoutbyt
heL
PO.

 T
he 
Uni
tedS
tat
esE
nvi
ronment
alP
rot
ect
ionAgenc
y (
EPA)
hasa 
Cl
eanWat
erS
tat
eRev
olv
ing

F
und 
(CWS
RF)
whi
chmak
esl
ow-
costf
inanc
ingav
ail
abl
eforv
ari
ouswat
erandener
gy
[
32]
i
nfr
ast
ruc
tur
epr
ojec
ts.  Gr
eenbank
scanappl
yforac
cesst
othesef
unds.

GRE
ENBANKI
NGI
NI
TI
ATI
VESBYI
NDI
ANBANKS

I
)Publ
i
cSec
torBank
s

A)
Stat
eBankofI
ndi
a

1
.SBIhasl
aunc
hedGr
eenChanelCount
erf
rom 1
stJ
uly,201
0asani
ni
ti
ati
veandi
nnov
ati
vest
epof

gr
eenbank
ing.
GCCi
sav
ail
abl
ein7
052br
anc
hesandav
eragenumberofdai
l
ytr
ansac
tionst
hroughi
t,

i
smor
ethan1
00000.S
BIc
oll
abor
atedwi
thS
uzl
onE
ner
gyL
imi
tedandgener
ategr
eenpowerby

i
nst
all
i
ng1
0wi
ndmi
l
lswi
th1
5MW aggr
egat
ecapac
iti
esi
nthest
atesofNadu,Mahar
asht
raand

Guj
arat
.SBIi
sthef
ir
stbanki
nthec
ount
ryf
orgener
ati
ngT
ami
lgr
eenpower
.Bankenc
our
ages

shar
ehol
der
stor
ecei
veannual
repor
tsoft
hebanki
nel
ect
roni
cfor
m andc
ont
ribut
enomi
nal
sum t
o

ac
har
itabl
e.T
heac
cept
anc
eofel
ect
roni
cannual
repor
t(eAR)byshar
ehol
der
s,bankhasc
ont
ribut
ed

Rs
.3.
09c
r.(
Rs.
1
00/
-foreac
heAR)t
otheS
BIc
hil
dren‟
sWel
far
eFundi
nthef
inanc
ial
year201
4.T
heS
BI

hasi
nst
all
edS
olar
.Iti
sthel
argestdepl
oyerofsol
arAT
Msandsav
ingmor
ethan2000t
onsofCO2per

yearAT
Ms.Bankhasunder
tak
ent
reepl
ant
ati
ondur
ingmonsoonsandBankhaspl
ant
edmor
ethan

4
50000t
reesdur
ingl
astt
hreeyear
s.Rai
nwat
erHar
vest
ingP
roj
ect
sar
eal
soi
mpl
ement
edi
nnumber

ofbankbui
l
ding.Bankhasal
soi
nvol
vedi
not
heri
ni
ti
ati
vessuc
hasc
onst
ruc
tionofgr
eenbui
l
ding,

wast
ewat
ert
reat
mentpl
ant
s,pr
ogr
amst
osensi
ti
zest
affonener
gysav
inget
c.Banki
nst
all
ed

sol
arl
ampsi
nrur
alar
easnothav
ingdependabl
eel
ect
ric
itysuppl
y.Bankgi
vespr
ojec
tloansat
c
onc
essi
onalr
ateofi
nter
estt
oenc
our
ager
educ
tionofgr
eenhousegasesbyadopt
ingef
fi
ci
ent

manuf
act
uri
ngpr
act
ices.T
hebankhasi
ni
ti
atedapi
l
otpr
ojec
ttodet
ermi
nei
tsc
arbonf
oot
pri
nt

l
evel
swhi
chi
shel
pfult
odet
ermi
nebank
sresour
cec
onsumpt
ionpat
ter
nandabl
etot
akec
ost

ef
fec
tiv
est
eps.BestI
TImpl
ement
ati
onAwar
ds201
0byP
CQuest
:SBI
‟sP
roj
ect„
GreenI
T@S
BI‟was

r
atedast
heBestGr
eenI
TPr
ojec
tfori
tsGRE
ENAT
Minst
all
ati
on.Bankhasasi
gnat
oryi
nves
tort
othe

Car
bonDi
scl
osur
ePr
ojec
tandunder
tak
esv
ari
ousenv
ironment
all
yandsoc
ial
l
ysust
ainabl
eini
ti
ati
ves

t
hroughi
tsbr
anc
hesspr
eadac
rosst
hec
ount
ry.
(
WWF
-I
NDI
A,201
5)

B)
BankofBar
oda

Bankhasunder
tak
enener
gyef
fi
ci
enc
ymeasur
esl
i
keup-
gradat
ionofAC,r
ealt
imemoni
tor
ingof

t
emper
atur
eandpr
essur
e,ener
gyef
fi
ci
entI
Tequi
pmentsel
ect
ion,ener
gyef
fi
ci
entCF
LandL
ED

l
i
ght
ingandsol
arpower
edUP
Set
c.Bankr
equest
edt
oshar
ehol
der
sthosehav
ingshar
esi
nphysi
cal

f
ormt
oregi
stert
hei
re-
mai
li
dsf
orf
urt
herc
ommuni
cat
ionsuc
hast
oser
veanydoc
ument
,not
ice

andannual
repor
t.S
har
ehol
derhol
di
ngshar
esi
nDematf
orm ar
eal
sor
equest
edt
oregi
stert
hei
re-

mai
li
dswi
thr
espec
tiv
edeposi
tor
yforf
urt
herc
ommuni
cat
ionpur
pose.
Acc
ordi
ngt
obank
sdomest
ic

l
oanpol
i
cybor
rowershoul
dobt
ainNOCf
rom pol
l
uti
onc
ont
rol
boar
dandpr
oduc
eitt
obank
.Bankdo

notext
endanyf
inanc
etot
heenv
ironment
alhazar
dousi
ndust
riessuc
hasChl
orof
luor
ocar
bon(
CFC-

1
1,
1
2,1
13
)&Hal
ons-
121
1,
1
301
,
2402bei
ngusedi
nFoam P
roduc
ts,Ref
ri
ger
ator
s&Ai
r-
condi
ti
oner
s,Aer
osol

pr
oduc
ts,S
olv
ent
sinc
leani
ngappl
i
cat
ions,f
ir
eet
c.Onot
herhandi
ncaseofanymanuf
act
uri
nguni
t

emi
tpol
l
uti
onbanki
nsi
stt
othem f
ori
nst
all
ati
onofwat
ert
reat
mentpl
antf
orpr
ocessi
ngofsuc
h

pol
l
utant
s.T
heBankgi
vespr
efer
ent
ialt
reat
mentf
orec
o-f
ri
endl
ygr
eenpr
ojec
tssuc
hasWi
nd

Mi
l
ls/
Sol
arP
owerpr
ojec
tsandear
nsc
arbonc
redi
ts.
Bankhasunder
tak
ent
reepl
ant
ati
onpr
ogr
am on

t
heoc
casi
onofF
oundat
ionDay.
Toc
reat
eawar
enesswi
thr
espec
ttoenv
ironment
ali
ssuesbankhas

under
tak
endebat
es,essayc
ompet
iti
ons,pai
nti
ngc
ompet
iti
onset
c.f
orbankst
aff
,st
affc
hil
dren,

andv
ari
oussc
hool
chi
l
dren.
Mor
eov
erbankal
sosuppor
tsf
orc
leanenv
ironment
alac
tiv
iti
esofNGOs.

Bankal
sopr
omot
ed“
Swat
chhBhar
at”c
ampai
gn.Whi
l
efi
nanc
ingt
orealest
atepr
ojec
ts,bank

obser
vest
hegui
del
i
nesofNat
ionalBui
l
dingCode2005andpr
omot
esf
orhar
vestr
ainwat
er,

har
nessi
ngsol
arener
gy.T
hebankhasi
mpl
ement
edL
endi
ngAut
omat
ionP
roc
essi
ngS
yst
em (
LAP
S)
syst
em f
orappr
aisalofRet
ail&S
MEl
oans,r
educ
ingt
hepaperc
onsumpt
ion.Asapar
tofgr
een

i
ni
ti
ati
ves,
bankh
asunder
tak
enopt
imumt
echnol
ogyut
il
i
zat
ionsuc
haswi
ndowsser
verv
irt
ual
i
zat
ion,

des
ktop v
irt
ual
i
zat
ion and bac
kup c
onsol
i
dat
ion,i
mpr
ove dat
acent
re oper
ati
onalef
fi
ci
enc
y,

appl
i
cat
ionv
irt
ual
i
zat
ion,Aut
omat
icS
tor
ageManagement(
ASM)&RealAppl
i
cat
ionCl
ust
ers(
RAC)

I
mpl
ement
ati
on,
Bandwi
dthup-
gradat
ion,
prov
isi
onofbac
kupl
i
nkanduseofnewt
echnol
ogybasedon

MP
LS(
Mul
tiP
rot
ocol
Label
Swi
tchi
ng)
.Bankhasc
onst
ruc
tedbui
l
dingsatVar
anasi
andJ
aipuraspert
he

st
andar
dsofI
ndi
anGr
eenBui
l
dingCounc
il(
I
GBC)andi
nst
all
ed5KW S
olarpanelf
orext
ernall
i
ght
ing,

st
air
casel
i
ght
ingandbasementl
i
ght
ing.Bankhasi
mpl
ement
edS
olarP
owerGener
ati
onS
yst
em(
SPGS
)

i
n19br
anc
hesi
twi
l
lpr
ovi
deal
ter
nat
ivesour
ceofener
gyt
hroughUP
Satbr
anc
hes.Bar
odaNonS
top

l
obbi
es(
eLobbi
es)c
ompr
iseofF
iveS
elfS
erv
icemac
hinesv
iz.
CashRec
ycl
er,
ATM,
Mul
tiF
unc
tionKi
osk
,

P
assbookP
rint
erandDi
gi
tal
SignageS
yst
emar
epr
ovi
di
ng24
x7r
out
inebank
ingser
vic
es.
Thenumber
s

ofeL
obbi
esar
e45and1
51i
n201
4and201
5respec
tiv
ely.

C)
Punj
abNat
ional
Bank

Bankhasunder
tak
endi
ver
seac
tiv
iti
esundergr
eeni
ni
ti
ati
vessuc
hasusi
ngofsol
arpower
edAT
M,

P
UMandCDM/
ChequeDeposi
tMac
hines
,usi
ngCF
LLampsi
nst
eadofi
ncandesc
entl
amps,r
ainwat
er

har
vest
ing,
pri
nti
ngonbot
hsi
desofpaper
,immedi
ater
epai
rofanywat
erl
eak
age,
pur
chasemul
ti
pl
e

f
unc
tioni
ngc
omposi
tef
axmac
hines,
useofmast
ersensor/mast
erswi
tchesf
orl
i
ght
s,f
anset
cIn

c
redi
tappr
aisalbankhasgi
venpr
efer
enc
etoenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
ypr
ojec
tswi
ndmi
l
lsandsol
ar

powerpr
ojec
ts.
3.Asperbankl
endi
ngpol
i
cybankal
waysl
endt
othosebor
rowerwhohav
eNOCf
rom

pol
l
uti
onc
ont
rolboar
d.S
imi
l
arl
ybanki
nsi
stst
omanuf
act
uri
nguni
ttoi
nst
allef
fl
uentt
reat
ment

pr
ojec
tforpr
ocessi
ngofpol
l
utant
s.Bankhasunt
akensev
eralenv
ironment
alpr
otec
tionac
tiv
iti
es

t
hroughCS
Rini
ti
ati
ves.T
heac
tiv
iti
esc
onsi
stofVanMahot
sav
,bankor
gani
zedmor
ethan24
9Tr
ee

P
lant
ati
onDr
ives,pl
ant
ati
onal
ongr
oadsi
des
,gr
eeni
ngoft
raf
fi
cci
rcl
esi
ndi
ff
erentc
iti
esand

mai
ntenanc
eofpar
ksi
nresi
dent
ial
areaset
c.Bankc
onduc
tedener
gyaudi
tofal
lof
fi
cesasener
gy

c
onser
vat
ioni
ni
ti
ati
veandmai
ntai
nel
ect
ric
ityaudi
t.Bankhasi
nst
all
edS
olarUP
Satsel
ect
edAT
Msi
tes

i
nBi
harandU.
P.wher
ethepowerc
uti
shi
gh.S
apl
i
ngof3
345pl
ant
swasexec
utedi
nthe3
3Tr
ee

P
lant
ati
onCampsor
gani
zeddur
ingt
heyear201
4.Bankhassetupgr
eenl
obbyatbankbr
anc
hat
Bh
ikhai
j
iCamaP
lac
e,New Del
hi
.TheCashDeposi
tMac
hine,P
assbookUpdat
ionMac
hineandCheque

Deposi
tMac
hinei
nst
all
edi
nthel
obbyandal
lar
epower
edbysol
arener
gy.Bankhassi
gned“
Green

P
ledge”oft
heMi
ni
str
yofNew andRenewabl
eEner
gy.Bankhassetupabut
ter
fl
ypar
kint
he

c
ompoundoft
heGur
uvayurt
empl
ewhi
chhouses1
8typesofmedi
ci
nal
plant
s.Bankhasc
onsi
der
ed

st
epsf
orpr
omot
ionofsust
ainabl
edev
elopmentwi
thpar
tic
ularr
efer
enc
etoI
FCP
rinc
ipl
es(
The

E
quat
orP
rinc
ipl
es)onP
roj
ectF
inanc
e.F
orpr
omot
ionsofwi
ndener
gybankhasenv
isagedpr
ovi
di
ng1

per
centofi
tst
otal
adv
anc
est
oit
.Banksanc
tionedni
newi
ndener
gypr
ojec
tswi
thaggr
egat
eli
mitof

Rs
.1
85.
81c
r.dur
ingt
hef
inanc
ial
year201
0-1
1.
Mor
eov
erbank
sawar
dedsec
ondpr
izef
ort
he“
BestWi
nd

P
owerP
roj
ectF
inanc
er”byWi
ndP
owerI
ndi
a201
1
.Bankal
sopar
tic
ipat
edi
nCl
eanDel
hiDr
ivet
oawar
e

gener
almass
est
okeept
hec
ityandt
hesur
roundi
ngsc
lean.

I
I
)Pr
ivat
eSec
torBank
s

A)
ICI
CIBank

1
.Gr
eenP
roduct
s&Ser
vices

1
.Inst
abank
ing-Bankhaspr
ovi
dedav
ari
etyofser
vic
esunderoneumbr
ell
aandgi
ves

c
ust
omer
stoc
onv
eni
enc
ebank
inganyt
imeanywher
ethr
oughI
nter
netbank
ing,Mobi
l
ebank
ing,T
ab

bank
ingandI
nter
act
iveVoi
ceResponse(
I
VR)bank
ing.T
hisr
educ
est
hec
arbonf
oot
pri
ntoft
he

c
ust
omer
sbec
auset
heydonothav
ephysi
cal
stat
ement
sort
rav
elt
othei
rbr
anc
hes.

2.E
lec
troni
cBr
anc
hes
-Bankhassetupf
ull
yel
ect
roni
cbr
anc
heswher
ethec
ust
omer
scan
c
onduc
tal
lt
hei
rbank
ingt
ransac
tions.

3
.E-Dr
ive-
Bankhassentnear
ly200t
housandannual
repor
tsi
nel
ect
roni
cfor
m andbankhav
e

sav
edmor
ethan60t
onnesofpaperi
nthel
astquar
terbysendi
nge-
stat
ement
stoov
er6.
5mi
l
li
on

bankac
count
sand3
00t
housandc
redi
tcar
dcust
omer
s.

4
.Vehi
cl
eFi
nanc
e-Bankenc
our
aget
ocust
omer
stouseenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
yvehi
cl
esby

of
fer
ing5
0per
centwai
veronpr
ocessi
ngf
eef
ort
hosec
armodel
swhi
chusesal
ter
nat
esour
cesof

ener
gyl
i
ket
heCi
vi
cHybr
idofHonda,
Tat
aIndi
caCNG,
Rev
ael
ect
ricc
ars,
Mahi
ndr
aLoganCNGv
ersi
ons,

Mar
uti
'
sLP
Gver
sionofMar
uti
800,
Omni
andVer
saandHyundai
'
sSant
roE
co.
(
IBNL
ive,
201
5)

5
.HomeF
inanc
e–T
hebankhasr
educ
edt
hepr
ocessi
ngf
eef
orpur
chasi
nghomesi
n

L
eader
shi
pinE
ner
gy&E
nvi
ronment
alDesi
gn(
LEE
D)c
ert
if
iedbui
l
dings.
(
IBNL
ive,
201
5)

2.Gr
eenE
ngagement
s

1
.Wor
ldE
nvi
ronmentDay'
-Bankhasc
elebr
atedWor
ldE
nvi
ronmentDayev
eryyearon5
thJ
une.

Ont
heoc
casi
on,
bankhasunder
tak
ensapl
i
ngpl
ant
ati
ondr
ive,
alongwi
thP
UCdr
ivewher
eempl
oyees

wer
eenc
our
agedt
ogett
hei
rvehi
cl
e'
sPUCc
hec
kedandv
endor
swer
esetupatsel
ectt
ower
sfort
he

same.

2.
'GoS
oci
al
'campai
gnwasl
aunc
hedf
orempl
oyeeswher
eev
eryi
ndi
vi
dual
coul
dpos
tpi
ctur
es

oft
hei
rgr
eeni
ni
ti
ati
veonf
acebookandt
wit
ter
,andspr
eadt
hewor
dtof
ami
l
iesandf
ri
endst
ojoi
nin

t
hej
our
neyt
oGoGr
een.

3
.'Wor
ldE
nvi
ronmentWeek
'-c
ont
inuedf
rom J
une09t
o13wi
theac
hdayoft
heweek

r
epr
esent
ingadi
ff
erentgr
eent
heme:Nopl
ast
icday,Reusepaperday,Car
pool
day,Dupl
expr
int
ing

dayandS
aveener
gyday.

4
.'S
olarBr
anc
hes'
-Sol
arpoweri
sasour
ceofr
enewabl
eandnon-
pol
l
uti
ngc
leanener
gy.
Under

t
heBank
‟sGoGr
eeni
ni
ti
ati
ve,
about294r
ural
lowc
ostbr
anc
heshav
ebeenf
it
tedwi
thsol
arpanel
s.As

ar
esul
t,bankhasgener
ated1
440uni
tsofsol
arener
gyperbr
anc
hannual
l
ywhi
chl
edt
otheener
gy

c
onsumpt
ionc
osthasr
educ
edc
onsi
der
abl
y.
3
.Gr
eenCommuni
cat
ion

I
CI
CIBankhas ext
ensi
vel
ycapi
tal
i
zed t
he exi
sti
ng i
nter
nalmedi
a and al
ways i
nsi
stt
o

c
ust
omer
s aboutOnl
i
ne Bi
l
lpay,Onl
i
ne F
unds T
ransf
erand S
ubsc
ribi
ng t
o e-
stat
ement
sfor

„
paper
less
‟and„
commut
e-f
ree‟modeofc
onduc
tingbank
ingt
ransac
tions.

B)
HDF
CBank

T
oreduc
eenv
ironment
alf
oot
pri
ntbankhasc
ont
inuousl
yunder
tak
engr
eenpr
ocur
ement
,ef
fi
ci
ent

l
i
ght
ingsol
uti
ons,
opt
imi
zedt
rav
elpl
anni
ng,
reduc
ingpaperc
onsumpt
ionet
c.BankhassendP
INuni
que

c
odenumberofdebi
tcar
dthr
oughS
MSr
athert
hansendi
tbypost
.(
TheHi
ndu,201
5)Bankhasmade

mul
ti
pl
ebank
ingc
hannel
forc
ust
omer
ssuc
hasi
nter
netbank
ing,
mobi
l
ebank
ing,
ATMet
c.whi
chhel
ps

f
orpaper
lessbank
ing.
Banki
nst
all
edsol
arAT
Msandt
heseAT
Msuser
echar
geabl
eLi
thi
umI
onbat
ter
ies

f
oruni
nter
rupt
edpowersuppl
y.Bankhasi
ntr
oduc
edser
veranddesk
topv
irt
ual
i
zat
ionf
orr
educ
ing

powerc
onsumpt
ion.Bankhasi
ni
ti
atedE
ner
gyManagementKi
tsi
nbr
anc
hessuc
hasuseofst
ar-

r
atedandener
gyef
fi
ci
entai
r-
condi
ti
oner
s,swi
tchi
ngof
fthebr
anc
hsi
gnageaf
ter1
1pm,r
epl
aci
ng

i
nef
fi
ci
entl
i
ght
ingwi
thL
EDl
i
ght
set
c.(
BRR,
201
3-1
4).
Bank
sar
eengagedi
nel
ect
roni
cmedi
arat
hert
han

pr
intc
ommuni
cat
ion,est
abl
i
shmentofmul
ti
pl
eal
ter
nat
eser
vic
epoi
ntspaper
lesst
ransac
tions,

enc
our
agi
ngr
etai
lcust
omer
stosubsc
ribet
oe-
stat
ement
,empl
oyeeawar
enessc
ampai
gnst
o

pr
omot
eenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
ypr
act
ices
,depl
oyi
ngmot
ionsensor
stoswi
tchof
fli
ght
sinanempt
y

r
oom i
nsel
ectl
ocat
ions et
c.(
BRR,201
3-1
4).Bankmanagedt
hei
rwast
ebyt
yingupwi
thv
endor
sfor

r
ecyc
li
ngofpaperandpl
ast
ici
naddi
ti
ont
othat
,theyusedr
eusabl
ecupsandpl
ates.

C)
Axi
sBank

T
heannualGHGemi
ssi
onshav
ereduc
edt
hroughuseofr
enewabl
eener
gydur
ingt
heyeari
s24
43

t
onnesCO2e.
(
BRR,
201
4-1
5).
Axi
sbankl
aunc
hedt
reepl
ant
ati
onpr
ogr
amandpl
ant
ed1
lak
hsapl
i
ngon1
st

and2ndaugustov
ert
housandl
ocat
ionsoft
hec
ount
ry.I
nAugust201
1,undert
hegr
eenbank
ing

ac
tiv
iti
eswi
tht
het
hemeof„
Reduc
e,ReuseandRec
ycl
e‟bankhaspr
ocessedal
lt
hedr
ywast
erec
ycl
e

i
tint
onot
ebook
s,not
epadsandenv
elopes
.Thepr
ogr
am hashel
pedt
orec
ycl
ear
ound8
7,206k
g.(
Axi
s

medi
acent
er,201
5).Bankenc
our
agedt
othei
rcust
omer
stouseofe-
stat
ement
sandel
ect
roni
c
c
ommuni
cat
ionst
oreduc
epaperc
onsumpt
ion.I
nthef
inanc
ial
year201
4bank
s61
%ofshar
ehol
der
s

hav
erec
eiv
edt
hei
rannual
repor
tsv
iae-
mai
l
.(
Axi
sMyI
dea,201
5).Asapar
tofgr
eeni
ni
ti
ati
vebank
s

c
orpor
ateof
fi
ce„
Axi
sHouse‟atMumbaiwhi
chi
sdesi
gnedandc
onst
ruc
tedasaP
lat
inum L
EED-

Cer
tif
iedGr
eenBui
l
ding.
(Axi
sMyI
dea,
201
5)Axi
sHousehasr
ecei
vedt
he„
Plat
inum‟r
ati
ngawar
dedby

t
he US Gr
een Bui
l
ding Counc
ilf
ori
ts env
ironmentf
ri
endl
yfac
il
it
ies and r
educ
tion ofc
arbon

emi
ssi
ons.
(
Axi
sBankCus
tomerCar
e,201
5).I
nNov
ember201
2,bankor
gani
zed'
SPL
ASH'anal
lI
ndi
a

pai
nti
ngc
ompet
iti
onf
or7
-12agegr
oupc
hil
drenatal
li
ts1
741br
anc
hest
ospr
eadawar
enessabout

env
ironment
ali
ssues.T
het
hemesoft
hec
ompet
iti
onar
egogr
een,sav
ewat
er,sav
eli
feandone-

ear
thandonef
ami
l
y.(
Axi
sSP
LAS
H,201
5).
Bankhasadopt
edsust
ainabl
elendi
ngpr
act
icesandwi
thout

pr
oduc
ingc
lear
anc
efr
om pol
l
uti
onc
ont
rol
aut
hor
iti
es‟bankdoesnotf
inanc
etopol
l
utanti
ndust
ries

andi
nsi
stt
oinst
all
eff
luentt
reat
mentpl
ant
.(BRR,201
4-1
5).
Undergr
eenbank
ingi
ni
ti
ati
ves,bank
s29

per
centofst
atement
sar
eissuedel
ect
roni
cal
l
y,8
3per
centofDematac
count
se-
stat
ement
sissued

t
hroughel
ect
roni
cmedi
um,
92per
centofDematwel
comek
itssentase-
wel
comek
itand7
1per
cent

ofshar
ehol
der
sregi
ster
edf
oreAR.
(
BRR,201
4-1
5).Bankusesr
enewabl
eener
gyf
orst
reetl
i
ght
ing,

c
oll
ect
edwat
erf
rom r
ainwat
erhar
vest
ingsyst
em andsewaget
reat
mentpl
ant
,fur
nit
ureusedby

bankwhi
chi
smadeoutofr
ecyc
ledmat
eri
al
set
c.(
greenc
leangui
de.
com,201
5).Axi
sbanki
ni
ti
ated

sol
ar-
basedUP
SforAT
Msunderi
tsI
ndependentAT
MDepl
oyment(
I
AD)model
.(
greenc
leangui
de.
com,

201
5).
Topr
ovi
dequi
ckerser
vic
est
othec
ust
omer
s‟bankhasunder
tak
ensev
eral
ini
ti
ati
vessuc
has

i
nst
antP
INgener
ati
on(
GreenP
IN)
,e-
wel
comek
its,
ser
vic
erequestt
hroughS
MSet
c.(
BRR,
201
4-1
5)Bot
h

publ
i
candpr
ivat
esec
torbank
shav
eef
fec
tiv
elyi
ni
ti
atedGoGr
eenI
ni
ti
ati
ve.
Thec
ommonac
tiv
iti
esof

gr
eenpr
act
icesoft
hebank
sar
eGr
eenChannelCount
er,i
ntr
oduc
edamul
ti
pl
ic
ityofc
ardbased

t
ransac
tions,
enc
our
agementf
oreAR,
e-st
atement
,useofener
gyc
onser
vat
iondev
ices,
inst
all
ati
on

ofs
olarAT
Ms,
financ
eforec
o-f
ri
endl
ypr
ojec
ts,
treepl
ant
ati
onandc
onduc
tingawar
enessc
ampai
gn

aboutenv
ironment
ali
ssueset
c.Basedonabov
ement
ionedpoi
ntsi
tisc
lear
sthat
,publ
i
csec
tor

bank
shav
eshownbet
terper
for
manc
eint
ermsofgr
eenbank
ingac
tiv
iti
est
hanpr
ivat
esec
torbank
.
SBI adapted Green Banking Stratergies to Home Loans Plan: The Result
ICICI Bank Record Of Profit And Loss after Implementing Green Banking
S
tepsi
ngr
eenbank
ing

 Goonl
i
ne

Onl
i
nebank
ingi
sthet
hri
vi
ngc
onc
epti
nyoungandc
orpor
ateI
ndi
a.Onl
i
nebank
inghel
psi
naddi
ti
onal

c
onser
vat
ionofener
gyandnat
ural
resour
ces
.Onl
i
nebank
ingi
ncl
udes:

a.
Payi
ngbi
l
lsonl
i
ne,

b.
Remot
edeposi
t,

c
.onl
i
nef
undt
ransf
ers

I
thel
psi
nsav
ingspaper
,ener
gy,
andexpendi
tur
eofnat
ural
resour
cesduet
obank
ingac
tiv
iti
es.

Cust
omer
scans
avemoneybyav
oidi
ngl
atepayment
soff
eesandsav
eti
mebyav
oidi
ngst
andi
ng

i
ntoqueuesandpayi
ngt
hebi
l
l.
Usegr
eenc
hec
kingac
count
sCust
omer
scanc
hec
kthei
rac
count

det
ail
sthr
oughAT
Mmac
hinespr
ovi
dedi
nbankk
iosk
sorspec
ial
touc
hsc
reensi
nthebr
anc
hesof

di
ff
erentbank
s.T
hisc
anbec
all
edgr
eenc
hec
kingofac
count
.Of
tenusageofonl
i
nebank
ingser
vic
es

l
i
keonl
i
nebi
l
lpayment
,us
ingdebi
tcar
dsf
orpayment
sagai
nstpayment
s,andonl
i
nest
atement
shel
p

t
heenv
ironmentagai
nstdet
rit
ions.
Bank
sshoul
dpr
omot
egr
eenc
hec
kingbygi
vi
ngsomei
ncent
ives

t
ocust
omer
sbygi
vi
nghi
gherr
ateofi
nter
est
s,wai
verordi
scounti
nfeeset
c.Usegr
eenl
oansf
or

homei
mpr
ovement
s.T
heMi
ni
str
yofNon-
renewabl
eResour
cei
nassoc
iat
ionwi
thsomenat
ional
i
zed
ands
chedul
edc
ommer
cial
bank
sinI
ndi
aunder
tookani
ni
ti
ati
vet
ogogr
eenbyal
l
owi
ngl
owi
nter
est

l
oanst
othec
ust
omer
swhowoul
dli
ket
obuysol
arequi
pment
;ther
ateofi
nter
esti
sasl
owas4
%p.
a.

T
henewGr
eenHomeL
oanS
chemef
romS
BI,
fori
nst
anc
e,suppor
tsenv
ironment
alf
ri
endl
yresi
dent
ial

pr
ojec
tsandof
fer
svar
iousc
onc
essi
ons
.Thesel
oansar
esanc
tionedf
orpr
ojec
tsr
atedbyt
heI
ndi
an

Gr
eenBui
l
dingCounc
il(
I
GBC)
andof
fersev
eral
fi
nanc
ial
benef
it
s–5per
centc
onc
essi
onsi
nmar
gin,
0.25

per
centc
onc
essi
oni
nint
erestr
ateandpr
ocessi
ngf
eewai
ver
.

 P
owersav
ingsequi
pment

Bank
sdi
rec
tlyc
ont
ribut
etoc
ont
rol
l
ingc
li
mat
echangeandasani
ni
ti
alst
ept
heyi
ntendt
ost
arta

c
ampai
gnt
orepl
aceal
lf
usedGS
Lbul
bs,
inal
lownedpr
emi
sesof
fi
cesandr
esi
dent
ial
.Bank
shav
eal
so

i
ni
ti
atedaf
easi
bi
li
tyst
udyt
omak
erai
nwat
erhar
vest
ingmandat
oryi
nal
lt
heBank
’sowned

pr
emi
ses.
InDec
ember2009I
ndusi
ndBanki
naugur
atedMumbai
’
sfi
rstsol
ar-
power
edAT
Maspar
tof

i
ts‘
GreenOf
fi
ceP
roj
ect
’campai
gnt
itl
ed‘
Humaur
Har
iyal
i
’.

 Usegr
eenc
redi
tcar
ds

Bank
sar
epr
omot
ingdi
ff
erentsc
hemesofusi
ngpl
ast
icmoneyr
athert
hanc
urr
enc
ynot
esi
nor
der

t
osav
eenv
ironment
.

 Useofsol
arandwi
ndener
gy

Usi
ngsol
arandwi
ndener
gyi
soneoft
henobl
ecausesf
orgoi
nggr
een.
Stat
eBankofI
ndi
a(S
BI)
has

bec
omet
hef
ir
stbanki
nthec
ount
ryt
ovent
urei
ntogener
ati
onofgr
eenpowerbyi
nst
all
i
ngwi
ndmi
l
ls

f
orc
apt
iveuse.
Aspar
tofi
tsgr
eenbank
ingi
ni
ti
ati
ve,
SBI
hasi
nst
all
ed1
0wi
ndmi
l
lswi
thanaggr
egat
e

c
apac
ityof1
5MWi
nthest
atesofT
ami
lNadu,
Mah
arasht
raandGuj
arat
.

 Mobi
l
ebank
ing

Mobi
l
ebank
ingsav
est
imeandener
gyoft
hec
ust
omer
s.I
tal
sohel
psi
nreduc
inguseofener
gyand

paperoft
hebank
.Mostoft
heI
ndi
anbank
shav
eint
roduc
edt
hispaper
-l
essf
aci
l
it
y.i
nor
dert
obeec
o-

f
ri
endl
y.
S
UGGE
STI
ONS

 S
etupsepar
ategr
eenbank
ingdepar
tmenti
nbankf
oref
fec
tiv
eimpl
ement
ati
onofgr
een

i
ni
ti
ati
ve.

 T
ogi
vec
onc
essi
onsf
oronl
i
nebank
ingandmobi
l
ebank
inguser
s,c
ardbasedpayment
s.

 T
oconduc
ttr
aini
ngpr
ogr
am f
orc
ust
omer
stouseonl
i
nebank
ingandmobi
l
ebank
inguser
s.

T
hiswi
l
lbui
l
dconf
idenc
eamongt
hem.

 T
ocr
eat
eawar
enessamongbusi
nessmanaboutenv
ironment
ali
ssuesandenc
our
aget
hem

f
orunder
tak
ingec
o-f
ri
endl
ypr
act
ices
.

 Reduc
ecyber
-cr
imesandensur
ethec
ust
omer
sregar
dingsaf
eonl
i
nebank
ingandc
ardbased

t
ransac
tion.

 Makecustomer
smor
eandmor
eawar
eaboutgr
eenbank
ingt
hrought
hei
rwebsi
te.

 Pr
omot
ingdi
ff
erentf
ormsofel
ect
roni
cbank
ing.

 Cr
eat
ingc
ust
omer
’sawar
enesst
hrought
hemedi
a.

 Car
bonf
oot
pri
ntr
educ
tionbysav
ingener
gyandpaper
.

 P
rov
idi
ngenv
ironmentf
ri
endl
yrewar
dst
ocust
omer
s.

 Byf
inanc
ingmor
eandmor
eenv
ironment
-fr
iendl
ypr
ojec
ts.
 S
oci
alResponsi
bi
li
tyser
vic
esdonebybank
s.

 Conv
ert
ingt
oanonl
i
nesav
ingsac
countandmobi
l
ebank
ingi
stheeasi
estwayt
ogogr
eenand

hel
ptheenv
ironment
.Gr
eenbank
ingi
ncl
udesset
tingupdi
rec
tdeposi
ttor
ecei
veyour

payc
hec
ks,
rec
eiv
ingel
ect
roni
cst
atement
sfr
ombank
sandbypayi
ngbi
l
lsonl
i
ne.
A SWOC Analysis: Green Banking
a) Strengths
1. Green Banking practice saves the time of customer as well as the bank.
2. It reduces the cost of bank operation and cost to the customer too.
3. The transaction can be done at any time and any place.
4. By financing in solar energy and wind energy program, the bank is reducing the carbon
footprint.

b) Weaknesses
1. Lack of knowledge among the employees has been noticed.
2. There are some geographical barriers for the implementation of Green
Banking practices.
3. All banks are not coming equally for the practice of Green Banking.
4. Problem of security is always with Green Banking practices

c) Opportunities
1. People are becoming more computer literate, so it is easy to start Green Banking practices and
grasp the customer toward the activities.
2. Most of the customers are using ATM card only. So it is a time to start all the initiatives for Green
Banking practices.
3. Mobile banking and Internet banking is increasing day by day, so it is a time to spread Green
Banking practices.

d) Challenges
1. Startup face: Since it is a new concept, so the customer will take the time to adopt this.
2. Higher operating cost: Green Banking requires talented, experience staffs to provide proper
services to customers and technology which costs highly. It requires renewable and recycling
techniques, which is again costly. 3. Diversification problems: Green banks restrict their business
transactions to those business entities who qualify screening process done by green banks. With
a limited number of customers, they will have a smaller base to support them.

Realizing the difficulties faced by SSIs in maintaining environmental standards and its huge
impact on economy and society, different state governments provide schemes to encourage small
scale industries to adopt better environmental management practices such as:
• In order to improve the quality of raw materials and also finished products, the SSI units are
allowed for testing facilities for products / raw materials and also to obtain the BIS
Certificate etc.
• Grants and subsidies are given to an extent of 50% of the total for obtaining the ISO 9000
Series (equivalent Indian Standard IS 14000 Series) in many states.

SCOPE OF GREEN BANKING IN INDIA

There has been a remarkable improvement in the working of banks in terms of cutting costs,
increasing productivity, improving the profitability, controlling and management of the Non-
Performing Assets (NPAs), face the risks, carry out the Asset Liability Management, manage the
changes in interest rates, handle the foreign exchange rate fluctuations, comply with the
regulator’s requirements and finally improve the customer service to their best satisfaction. Green
banking avoids as much paper work as possible and rely on online/ electronic transactions for
processing so that we get green credit cards and green mortgages. Less paperwork means less
cutting of trees. It also involves creating awareness to banking business people about
environmental and social responsibility enabling them to do an environmental friendly business
practice.

Benefits towards the banks: Green banking is very important in

mitigating the following risks involving the banking sector:
a) Credit Risk: Due to climate change and global warming, there have been direct as well as
indirect costs to banks. It has been observed that due to global warming, there have been extreme
weather conditions which affect the economic assets financed by the banks, thus leading to high
incidence of credit default. Credit risk can also arise indirectly when banks lead to companies
whose businesses are adversely affected due to changes in environmental regulation.

b) Legal risk: Banks, like other business entities, face legal risk if they do not comply with
relevant environmental regulation. They may also face risk of direct lender liability for cleanup
costs or claims for damages in case they actually take possession of pollution causing assets.

c) Reputation Risk: Due to increasing environmental awareness, banks are more prone to
reputation risk, if their direct or indirect actions are viewed as socially and environmentally
damaging. Reputation risks emerge from the financing of environmentally objectionable projects.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To evaluate the use of Green Banking Products in banking sector.2. To

examine and compare the green banking initiatives by Public and Private
Sector Banks.
3. To review the status of green banking in India.
4. To comparatively study the green banking initiatives in India and Abroad.
5. To study the importance and concept of “Green Banking‟.
6. To identify the various initiatives taken by the select banks in India.
7. To identify Green Banking strategies.
8. To suggest the measures to be adopted by the select banks to ensure
Green Banking.
9. To identify the factors motivating for using green banking services.
 GRE
ENBANKI
NGI
NTHEUNI
TEDKI
NGDOM GRE
ENBANKI
NGANDI
NDI
A

Gr
eenbank
ingus
ual
l
yref
erst
othef
actt
hat T
heS
tat
eBankofI
ndi
aint
roduc
edgr
een

t
hebanki
nquest
ionper
for
msi
tsdai
l
yac
tiv
iti
es measur
esi
nsev
eral
branc
hes
.

i
nanenv
ironment
all
yfr
iendl
yway.

I
tcanuser
ecyc
ledpaperort
akesadv
ant
ageof T
hesei
ncl
udepaper
lessst
atement
sthatal
so

r
eusabl
eener
gyal
ongwi
thsuppor
ting r
esul
tsi
nfast
erpr
aoc
essesf
ort
hec
ust
omer
s.

paper
lessst
atement
s;ort
heyar
epl
ant
ing

t
reesi
nor
dert
oreduc
ethec
arbonf
oot
pri
ntof

t
hec
ompany.

I
fabankgoesgr
een,
besi
dest
hef
act
sthati
t T
hedeposi
tsandt
hewi
thdr
awal
swi
l
lbemade

pr
otec
tst
heenv
ironment
,itc
anal
soc
utsome i
nagr
eenwayt
hatnowi
sav
ail
abl
ein26oft
he

oft
hec
ost
s. br
anc
hesoft
hebank
.

I
fyouar
ethi
nki
ngaboutwhi
chbankt
ohav
ean Al
thoughatt
hemomenti
tisnotk
nownhow

ac
countat
,youshoul
dth
inkaboutwhet
heryou manyoft
hebr
anc
heswi
l
lhav
ethi
spossi
bi
li
tyi
n

ar
emor
econc
ernedaboutyourf
inanc
ial
wel
l
- t
hesec
ondphase,
thebanki
spl
anni
ngon

bei
ngoraboutt
hewel
l
-bei
ngoft
hepl
anet
. i
ntr
oduc
ingi
tinot
herbr
anc
hesaswel
l
.

-
--
NA-
-- T
hisi
sawi
n-wi
nsi
tuat
ionbec
auset
he

c
ust
omer
sdon’
thav
eanypaper
wor
ktof
il
lout
,

whi
l
ethebankc
anc
utsomec
ost
s.
 CHAL
LENGE
S

Keyc
hal
l
engesf
acedbybank
swhi
l
eimpl
ement
inggr
eenbank
ingst
rat
egi
es.
Fol
l
owi
ngar
ethe

c
hal
l
enges:
a)Conf
ront
ingChal
l
engest
oGoi
ngGr
een:
Greenbank
ssuppor
twonder
ful
causes;
theydo

f
aceal
otofc
hal
l
engesasf
or-
prof
itent
iti
es.
Justl
i
ket
hosesoc
ial
l
yconsc
iousandenv
ironment
al

mut
ual
funds,
theyar
eexpec
tedt
oenc
ount
ermor
eobst
acl
est
hant
ypi
cal
run-
of-
the-
mil
lbank
.b)

Di
ver
sif
icat
ionmat
ter
s:Gr
eenbank
swi
l
lbesc
reeni
ngt
hei
rcust
omer
sandnat
ural
l
y,t
hey’
l
lbel
i
mit
ing

andr
est
ric
tingt
hei
rbusi
nesst
othoseent
iti
est
hatqual
i
fy.
Wit
hasmal
l
erpool
ofc
ust
omer
s,t
hey’
l
l

aut
omat
ical
l
yhav
easmal
l
erpr
ofi
tbaset
osuppor
tthem.
Ift
heyf
ocust
hei
rl
oansonc
ert
ain

i
ndust
ries,
theyopent
hemsel
vesupt
obei
ngmuc
hmor
evul
ner
abl
etoec
onomi
cshi
ft
s.c
)These

bank
sar
est
il
lst
art
ups
:Appar
ent
ly,
itt
akes3t
o4year
sforat
ypi
cal
bankt
ost
artmak
ingmoney.

Manygr
eenbank
sinbusi
nesst
odayar
ever
ynewandar
est
il
li
nst
art
upmode.
Itdoesn’
thel
pthat

t
hesebank
sar
etr
yingt
ogett
hei
rfoot
ingdur
ingar
ecessi
on.
d)Bank
sar
e“spec
ial
i
zed”
:Agai
n,whi
l
e

t
hemai
ngoal
ofagr
eenbanki
stodogoodbysuppor
tingt
hosewhoar
etak
ingc
areoft
he

env
ironment
,thequest
ionher
eis—j
usthowmuc
hmoneyi
sther
eint
hesebusi
nessesandi
ntheec
o-

f
ri
endl
yindust
ry?S
avi
ngt
heenv
ironmentdoesnotnec
essar
il
yequat
eto“
mak
ingapr
ofi
t”.
Hopef
ull
y

t
hough,
thi
spr
emi
sei
spr
ovenwr
ongi
nthi
scaseandt
hatgr
eenbank
spr
ovet
hatt
heyc
ans
urv
ive,

ev
enast
heyf
acer
est
ric
tiv
erequi
rement
sfordoi
ngbusi
ness.

Oper
ati
ngexpensesandc
ost
sar
ehi
gher
:Gr
eenbank
srequi
respec
ial
i
zedt
alent
,sk
il
lsandexper
tise

aswel
l
,duet
othek
indofc
ust
omer
stheyar
eser
vic
ing.
Empl
oyees,
suc
hasl
oanof
fi
cer
s,needt
o

hav
eaddi
ti
onal
bac
kgr
oundandexper
ienc
eindeal
i
ngwi
thgr
eenbusi
nessesandc
onsumer
s.P
lus,

gi
vi
ngbr
eak
stosuc
hcl
i
ent
svi
adi
scount
edl
oanr
atesc
aneatatt
hei
rpr
ofi
tmar
gins.

Reput
ati
onRi
sk:
Inal
ll
i
kel
i
hood,
duet
ogr
owi
ngawar
enessaboutenv
ironmentsaf
ety,
bank
ing

i
nst
itut
ionsar
emor
epr
onet
olooset
hei
rreput
ati
onsi
ftheyar
einv
olv
edi
nbi
gpr
ojec
ts,
whi
char
e

v
iewedassoc
ial
l
yandenv
ironment
all
ydamagi
ng.
Ther
ear
eal
sof
ewc
aseswher
eenv
ironment
al

managementsys
temhasr
esul
tedi
ncostsav
ings,
inc
reasei
nbondv
alueet
c.(
Hei
m,Getal
,2005
).I
n

f
ewc
asest
heenv
ironment
almanagementsyst
emr
esul
tedi
nlowerr
isk
,gr
eat
erenv
ironment
al
st
ewar
dshi
pandi
ncr
easei
noper
ati
ngpr
ofi
t.Reput
ati
onr
isk
sinv
olv
edi
nthef
inanc
ingofec
ologi
cal
l
y

andet
hic
all
yquest
ionabl
epr
ojec
ts.

P
roperl
egi
sl
ati
oni
snotyetf
ramed:
Gov
ernmentmustdesi
gnpr
operl
egi
sl
ati
onofenv
ironment
al

r
ulesf
orbank
sandensur
eenf
orc
ement
.Thepr
obl
emsi
nIndi
aar
ethel
egi
sl
ati
oni
snotyetf
ramed

andi
nfewc
ases,
thi
ngsar
enotst
ric
tlyenf
orc
ed,
butt
hingsc
anc
hangeov
erni
ghtr
esul
ti
ngi
nmaj
or

c
ompl
i
anc
epr
obl
emsf
ort
hec
ompani
esc
onc
ernedandi
ncr
easedr
iskf
ort
hebank
sthathav
elentt
o

t
hem.
Ther
eshoul
dbec
ont
inuousdi
al
oguer
elat
ingt
oenv
ironment
almat
ter
swi
thr
elev
antaudi
enc
es,

i
ncl
udi
ngst
akehol
der
s,empl
oyees,
cust
omer
s,gov
ernment
sandt
hepubl
i
c.

L
ackofenv
ironment
alaudi
ts:
Lac
kofenv
ironment
alaudi
tsar
erequi
redt
odet
ermi
net
he

env
ironment
alst
atusofaf
aci
l
it
y,pr
oper
ty,
andoper
ati
onandt
oident
if
yregul
ator
ycompl
i
anc
e

st
atus,
pastpr
esentpr
obl
emsandpot
ent
ial
env
ironment
alr
isk
sandl
i
abi
l
it
iesassoc
iat
edwi
tht
he

pr
ojec
t.T
heseshoul
dbedonebyani
ndependentbodyorbyanyenv
ironmenti
nvest
igat
iont
eam.

L
essat
tent
iononenv
ironment
alr
iskmanagement
:Lessat
tent
ioni
sgi
venf
ort
heenv
ironment
alr
isk

managementaf
tert
hepostt
ransac
tionper
iod.

Nonaut
omat
ionofbusi
nesspr
ocess:
Most
lybank
sar
enotadopt
ingaut
omat
ionpr
ocessBank
s

shoul
dconduc
tener
gyaudi
tsi
nal
lt
hei
rof
fi
cesf
oref
fec
tiv
eener
gymanagementusi
ngc
ompac
t

f
luor
esc
entl
i
ght
ing(
CFL
)canhel
pbank
ssav
eonener
gyc
onsumpt
ionc
onsi
der
abl
y.

L
ackofc
learpol
i
cies:
Clearpol
i
ciesar
erequi
redt
oal
ter
ingt
hepr
esentmanagementsyst
emst
o

i
ncor
por
ates
ust
ainabi
l
it
yissues.

Unav
ail
abi
l
it
yofsk
il
ledempl
oyees:
Ski
l
ledempl
oyeesar
erequi
redt
oimpl
ementt
hest
rat
egi
es

pr
oper
ly.
 CONCL
USI
ON

P
ubl
i
candpr
ivat
esec
torbank
sar
eac
tiv
elyunder
tak
enamul
ti
pl
ic
ityofgr
eenbank
ingpr
act
ices.

P
rimar
il
y,bank
sar
ecr
eat
ingawar
enessaboutenv
ironment
ali
ssuest
hroughgr
eenbank
ingamong

banks
taf
f,c
ust
omerandmasspeopl
e.Gr
adual
l
y,bank
‟sgr
eenbank
ingac
tiv
iti
eshav
eshi
ft
edf
rom

enc
our
agi
ngandi
mpl
ement
ingofe-
bank
ingt
oth
erec
ycl
eoft
hewast
es,wat
ert
reat
mentpl
ant
s,

r
ainwat
erhar
vest
ing,usi
ngsol
arbasedequi
pment
s,c
onst
ruc
tinggr
eenbui
l
dinget
c.i
nmor
e

ef
fec
tiv
emanner
.

I
ndi
awasf
arbehi
ndf
rom ot
herc
ount
riesl
i
keChi
naandMexi
coi
nint
roduc
ingandappl
yi
ngt
he

c
onc
eptofGr
eenBank
ing.Noi
ni
ti
ati
veswer
etak
enbyt
heI
ndi
anbank
stof
ormul
atet
hegr
een

c
onc
epti
nthes
oci
ety.T
heaut
hor
smadec
leart
hatt
oat
tai
nsust
ainabl
edev
elopmenti
nthe

c
ount
ryi
mpar
tingeduc
ati
onandc
reat
ingawar
enesswasnec
essar
y.T
her
ear
eonl
ysmal
lgr
oup

ofbank
sinI
ndi
athatl
eadi
nenv
ironmentaspec
t.S
omer
esear
cher
sresear
chedonpubl
i
caswel
l

aspr
ivat
esec
tor
swhi
chr
eveal
thatpubl
i
csec
torbank
shav
etak
enmor
eini
ti
ati
vesasc
ompar
e

t
opr
ivat
esec
tor
.Thes
tudi
esal
sost
atet
hei
ni
ti
ati
vest
akenbyI
ndi
anbank
sinr
espec
tof

env
ironmentsust
ainabi
l
it
y.Al
thoughnotmuc
hini
ti
ati
veshasbeent
akenbyt
hebank
sot
hert
han

S
BIandI
CI
CI
.I
nvar
iousr
esear
chesi
twashi
ghl
i
ght
edaboutt
heawar
enessoft
heempl
oyeesand

t
hepubl
i
cregar
dingt
heGr
eenbank
ing.
Outoft
otal
peopl
ewhower
eusi
ngonl
i
nef
aci
l
it
iesnear
ly

t
hreef
our
thoft
hem wer
eunawar
eoft
het
erm Gr
eenBank
ing.
Ther
esear
cher
saf
fi
rmt
hatt
he

mai
nobst
acl
einGr
eenBank
ingwasl
ackofeduc
ati
onamongt
hepubl
i
c.I
mpar
tingk
nowl
edgeand
pr
omot
ingdayt
odayuseofel
ect
roni
cpayment
scansuppor
tthec
ount
ryt
obeenv
ironment

f
ri
endl
y.Manygui
del
i
nesaswel
laspr
inc
ipl
eswer
eissuedbyt
hegov
ernmentt
owar
dsGr
een

Bank
ingbutt
hei
ri
mpl
ement
ati
onwassl
uggi
shi
nIndi
a.

Onc
ont
rar
yot
herc
ount
rieswer
equi
ckenought
ospr
eadt
hec
onc
eptofGr
eenBank
ing.
Sev
eral

pr
inc
ipl
esandr
egul
ati
onswer
eissuedbyt
hebank
stowar
dssust
ainabl
eenv
ironmentwhi
ch

wer
eimpl
ement
edpr
oper
ly.Bangl
adesh
,Br
azi
l
,Chi
na,Mexi
coandT
urk
eywer
esomeoft
he

c
ount
rieswher
eGr
eenBank
ingst
ret
chedr
api
dl
y.Bangl
adeshBankwast
heWor
ld’
sfi
rstc
ent
ral

bank
,whi
chhadpr
operk
nowl
edgeonGr
eenbank
ing.Al
lrespec
tedbank
sinBangl
adeshmade

t
hei
rownsetofr
ulesandr
egul
ati
onst
opr
otec
tenv
ironmentpol
l
uti
onandt
olendmoneyt
o

t
hosei
ndust
riesl
i
nkedwi
thr
enewabl
eresour
ces.
Cust
omer
swer
epr
ovi
dedwi
thonl
i
ne-
bank
ing

f
aci
l
it
iesc
over
ingmoneyt
ransf
erandbi
l
lspayment
.Ev
ent
hef
armer
swer
esec
uredagai
nstany

nat
uralc
alami
ti
es.Gr
eenBank
ingi
nBangl
adeshr
educ
edt
heuseofpaperandpr
omot
edec
o-

f
ri
endl
ypr
act
icesl
i
kesol
arener
gyet
c.S
econdl
y,Br
azi
lbank
swer
eamongt
heear
li
estbank
sto

si
gnupt
oth
eEquat
orP
rinc
ipl
es.
Theyusedv
olunt
arybank
ingst
andar
dsdi
str
ibut
ionoff
undsf
or

env
ironmenti
ssuesr
epr
esentasoc
ial
consi
der
ati
oni
ntobankl
endi
ng.Ac
cor
dingt
othest
udi
es

mor
ethan1
1
%bank
swantt
olendt
hemoneyt
othe“
newener
gy”
.Thi
rdl
y,i
nChi
nat
hec
ent
ral

gov
ernmenthadc
reat
edanat
ional
pol
i
cyf
ramewor
kenc
our
agi
ngt
headopt
ionandexpansi
onof

gr
eenc
redi
t,ac
onc
eptwhi
chenc
our
agesChi
nesebank
stoc
onsi
derenv
ironment
alaspec
tsl
i
ke

pol
l
uti
on,heat
h,s
afet
yofpeopl
eint
othei
rlendi
ngpr
act
ices.
Chi
na’
sef
for
ttogr
eeni
tsf
inanc
ial

sec
torhasal
readypr
oduc
edsomeoft
hemosti
nnov
ati
vegr
eenf
inanc
epol
i
ciesi
nthewor
ldi
n

c
ompar
ati
vel
ysh
ortamountoft
ime.

Ot
herc
ount
riesl
i
keI
ndonesi
aandT
urk
eydi
dlotofi
nvest
mentt
oimpl
ementt
heGr
eenBank
ing

c
onc
ept
.Thei
rgr
een gr
owt
hef
for
tswer
e mot
ivat
ed by t
he gov
ernment
’sdedi
cat
ion.I
n

c
onc
lusi
onal
lint
ernat
ionalc
ount
riesar
eat
tempt
ingt
odesi
gnagr
eenf
inanc
ialsyst
em t
o

ensur
ethel
ong-
ter
msust
ainabi
l
it
yoft
hec
ount
ry’
sec
onomi
cdev
elopment
.

Gr
eenBank
inghasbeenboost
ingt
oimpr
ovet
heenv
ironmentandpr
omot
ingec
onomi
cgr
owt
h.

Unt
il
afewyear
sago,
mostt
radi
ti
onal
bank
sdi
dnotpr
act
icegr
eenbank
ingorac
tiv
elyseek

i
nvest
mentoppor
tuni
ti
esi
nenv
ironment
all
y-f
ri
endl
ysec
tor
sorbusi
nesses.
Indi
anbank
sar
efar
behi
ndt
hei
rcount
erpar
tsf
romdev
elopedc
ount
ries.
IfI
ndi
anbank
sdesi
ret
oent
ergl
obal

mar
ket
s,i
tisi
mpor
tantt
hatt
heyr
ecogni
zet
hei
renv
ironment
alandsoc
ial
responsi
bi
li
ti
es.
Onl
y

r
ecent
lyhav
ethesest
rat
egi
esbec
omemor
epr
eval
ent
,notonl
yamongsmal
l
eral
ter
nat
iveand

c
ooper
ati
vebank
s,butal
soamongdi
ver
sif
iedf
inanc
ial
ser
vic
epr
ovi
der
s,assetmanagement

f
ir
msandi
nsur
anc
ecompani
es.

F
urt
her
,thosei
ndust
rieswhi
chhav
eal
readybec
omegr
eenandt
hose,
whi
char
emak
ingser
ious

at
tempt
stogr
owgr
een,
shoul
dbeac
cor
dedpr
ior
ityt
olendi
ngbyt
hebank
s.T
hisc
onc
eptof

"
GreenBank
ing"wi
l
lbemut
ual
l
ybenef
ici
alt
othebank
s,i
ndust
riesandt
heec
onomy.
Notonl
y

"
GreenBank
ing"wi
l
lensur
ethegr
eeni
ngoft
hei
ndust
riesbuti
twi
l
lal
sof
aci
l
it
atei
nimpr
ovi
ngt
he

assetqual
i
tyoft
hebank
sinf
utur
e.T
her
ear
elotofoppor
tuni
ti
esandc
hal
l
engesf
orI
ndi
anbank
s

i
nadopt
ing‘
GreenBank
ing’
aspr
ofi
tabl
ebusi
ness
.

Ref
erenc
es:

Bahl
,St
uar
tJ.
andRi
char
d,T
.Vi
dgen.
(201
2).
―AnI
ntegr
ati
veAppr
oac
htot
heAssessmentof

E
-Commer
ceQual
i
t J
y.our
nal
ofE
lect
roni
cCommer
ceResear
ch:
3(3
),1
14
-127
.

 Choudh
ury,Koushi
ki
.(2007
).'
Ser
vic
eQual
i
tyDi
mensi
onal
i
ty:AS
tudyoft
heI
ndi
anBank
ing

S
ect
or'
.J
our
nal
ofAsi
a-P
aci
fi
cBusi
ness:
8(4)
,21
-38.

 Cr
oni
nJ.J
oseph
,Jr
.andT
ayl
or,S
tev
enA.(
1994
).S
ERVP
ERFv
ersusS
ERVQUAL
:Rec
onc
il
ing

P
erf
ormanc
e-BasedandP
erc
ept
ions
-Mi
nus
-Expec
tat
ionsMeasur
ementofS
erv
iceQual
i
ty.

T
heJ
our
nal
ofMar
ket
ing:
58(
1)
,1
25-
131
.

Cr
oni
n,J
.,T
ayl
or,
S.A.
(1
992)
,"Measur
ingser
vic
equal
i
ty:
aReexami
nat
ionandext
ensi
on"
.
Best green Bank Awards: A Healthy Implemenation toward Nature
 J
our
nal
ofMar
ket
ing:
56(
1)
,55-
68.

 Cr
oni
n,J
osephJ
.Jr
.enS
tev
enA.T
ayl
or.(
1994
)."
SERVP
ERFv
ersusS
ERVQUAL
:Rec
onc
il
ing

P
erf
ormanc
e-BasedandP
erc
ept
ions
-Mi
nus
-Expec
tat
ionsMeasur
ementofS
erv
iceQual
i
ty"
.

J
our
nal
ofMar
ket
ing:
58(
1),
1
25-
131
.

 DonneandT
ell
eze.(
2008
).Mobi
l
eBank
ingandE
conomi
cDev
elopment
:Li
nki
ngAdopt
ion,

I
mpac
t, Asi
andUse. anJ
our
nal
ofCommuni
cat
ion:
18(
4),
318-
332.

 Dur
kin,
Mar
kandO'
donnel
l
,Aodheen(
2005
)'T
owar
dsamodel
ofadopt
ioni
nint
ernetbank
ing:

S
trat
egi
ccommuni
cat
ionc
hal
l
enges
'.T
heSer
viceI
ndust
riesJ
our
nal
:25(
7),
861
-87
8.

 Gi
bbons
,J.
D.
,&Chak
rabor
ti,S
.(1
991
).Compar
isonsoft
heMann‐
Whi
tney,S
tudent
ʹst
,and

al
ter
nat
ett
est
sformeansofnor
maldi
str
ibut
ions.J
our
nalofE
xper
iment
alE
ducat
ion:

59(
3),
258‐
267
.

 Godwi
nJ.Udo,Kal
l
olK.Bagc
hi,andP
eet
erJ
.Ki
rs.(
2008
).Assessi
ngWebS
erv
iceQual
i
ty

Di
mensi
ons
:TheE
-SE
RVP
ERFAppr
oac
h.I
ssuesi
nInf
ormat
ionSyst
ems:
9(2)
,97
-11
3.

Gr
eenandCar
mone.
(1
970)
.Mar
ket
ingResear
chAppl
i
cat
ionsofNon-
met
ricS
cal
i
ngMet
hods.

Oper
ati
onal
Resear
chQuar
ter
ly:
21(
2),
68-
77.

Gr
onr
oos
,C.
(1
984
).―Aser
vic
equal
i
tymodel
andi
tsmar
ket
ingi
mpl
i
cat
ions,
Eur
opean.

J
our
nal
ofMar
ket
ing:
18(
4),
36-
44.

 Hossai
nandL
eo.(
2009)
.Cust
omerper
cept
iononser
vic
e,qual
i
tyi
nret
ail
bank
ingi
nMi
ddl
e

E
ast
:thec
aseofQat
ar.I
nter
nat
ionalJ
our
nalofI
sl
ami
candMi
ddl
eEast
ernF
inanceand

Management
:2(
4),
338-
350.

 Hossai
n,MohammedandL
eo,S
hir
ley.(
2009)
.Cust
omerper
cept
iononser
vic
equal
i
tyi
n

r
etai
lbank
ingi
nMi
ddl
eEast
:thec
aseofQat
ar.I
nter
nat
ionalJ
our
nalofI
sl
ami
candMi
ddl
e

E
ast
ernF
inanceandManagement
:2(
4),
338-
350.

 Howc
rof
tJ.B.(
1993
).Br
anc
hNet
wor
ksandAl
ter
nat
iveDi
str
ibut
ionChannel
s:T
hreat
sand

Oppor
tuni
ti
es"
.I
nter
nat
ional
Jour
nal
ofBankMar
ket
ing:
11
(6)
,26–3
1.

 Hu,L
.T.
&Bent
ler
,P.
M.(
1999)
.Cut
offc
rit
eri
aforf
iti
ndexesi
ncov
ari
anc
est
ruc
tur
eanal
ysi
s:

Conv
ent
ional c
rit
eri
a v
ersus new al
ter
nat
ives. S
truct
ural E
quat
ion Model
i
ng: A
 Mul
ti
di
sci
pl
inar
yJour
nal
:6(
1)
,1
-55.

J
amal
andNaser
.(2002)
.Cust
omersat
isf
act
ionandr
etai
lbank
ing:
anassessmentofsome

oft
hek
eyant
ecedent
sofc
ust
omersat
isf
act
ioni
nret
ail
bank
ing.I
nter
nat
ional
Jour
nal
of

BankMar
ket
ing:
20(
4),
146-
160.

J
ayawar
dhena,C.
,&F
oley,P
.(2000)
.Changesi
ntheI
nter
netbank
ingsec
tor–T
hec
aseof

i
nter
netbank
ingi
nUK,
Int
ernetResear
ch.
Elect
roni
cNet
wor
kingAppl
i
cat
ionsandP
oli
cy:
10(
1)
,

1
9-3
0.

J
ohnson,Gust
afssonb,Andr
eassenc
,Ler
vik
c,andChaa.(
2001
).T
heE
vol
uti
onandF
utur
eof

Nat
ionalCust
omerS
ati
sfac
tionI
ndexModel
s.J
our
nalofE
conomi
cPsychol
ogy:
.22(
2),21
7-

245.

J
ones,
M.A.
,andS
uh,
J.(
2000)
.Tr
ansac
tion-
Spec
ifi
cSat
isf
act
ionandOv
eral
lSat
isf
act
ion:
An

E
mpi
ri
cal
Anal
ysi
s.J
our
nal
ofSer
vicesMar
ket
ing:
14(
2),
147
–159.

Kak
oli
Saha.
(1
986)
.Comput
eri
zat
ioni
nBank
s:I
mpl
i
cat
ionsf
orOr
gani
zat
ional
Dev
elopment
.

VI
KAL
PA:
11
(3)
,1
05-
11
2.

Kannabi
ran,
G.andNar
ayan,
P.C.
(2005
).'
Depl
oyi
ngI
nter
netbank
ingande-
commer
ce—c
ase

s
tudyofapr
ivat
e-sec
torbanki
nIndi
a'
.I
nfor
mat
ionT
echnol
ogyf
orDev
elopment
:11
(4)
,363
-

3
79

Khedek
ar,M.J
.,Booms,B.H.
,andMohr
,L.A.( 4S
201 i
nghal
,Si
nghal&Ar
ya)
.Cr
iti
calS
erv
ice

E
ncount
ers:
TheE
mpl
oyeeVi
ewpoi
ntJ
.our
nal
ofMar
ket
ing:
4(1
),
97.

 Nat
h,Nayak and P
erl
a,M.(
201
4).T
en Common Mi
sunder
standi
ngs,Mi
sconc
ept
ions,

P
ersi
stentMyt
hsandUr
banL
egendsaboutL
iker
tSc
alesandL
iker
tResponseF
ormat
sand

t
hei
rAnt
idot
esJ
.our
nal
ofSoci
alSci
ences:
3(3
),1
06-
11
6.

R.
Kar
unak
aran,
Hammer
schmi
dtandF
alk
.(2004
).Measur
ingt
hequal
i
tye-
bank
ingpor
tal
s.

I
nter
nat
ional
Jour
nal
ofBankMar
ket
ing:
23(
2),
153
-17
5.

Ragupat
hi.
M,S
ujat
ha.
SandHashi
m,J
.(201
5).
BrandE
qui
ty,
Cust
omerS
ati
sfac
tion&L
oyal
ty:

Mal
aysi
anBank
ingS
ect
orI
.nt
ernat
ional
Rev
iewofBusi
nessResear
chP
aper
s:3
(5)
,1
23-
133
.

Raj
put
,Kaur
,B.
L.
D.
,Cast
año,E
.F.
,Car
roza,T
.G.
,Del
gado,M.&P
érez,C.
L.(
201
3).S
cal
eof
 at
tit
udesofsc
hool
chi
l
drent
owar
dsi
mmi
grantpupi
l
s.E
uropeanJ
.Psychol
ogyofE
ducat
ion:

22(
2),
439-
454
.

Rambal
akYadavandGov
indS
wroopP
hat
ak(
201
5).Det
ermi
nant
sofsat
isf
act
ionand

c
ont
inuanc
eint
ent
iont
owar
dssel
f-
ser
vic
etec
hnol es.I
ogi ndust
rialManagement&Dat
a

Syst
ems:
109(
9),
2009,
1248-
1263
.

S
ahi
tya&L
alwani(
201
4).Anexper
iment
alst
udyofser
vic
erec
over
yopt
ions.I
nter
nat
ional

J
our
nal
ofSer
viceI
ndust
ryManagement
:8(
2),
48-
65.

S
ahooandNayak
.(2008
).AConj
oi
ntAnal
ysi
sofOnl
i
neConsumerS
ati
sfac
tion.J
our
nalof

E
lect
roni
cCommer
ceResear
ch,
6(2)
,95-
11
1.

S
har
ma,Gopal
,MK,Cr
oni
n,JandBr
and,RR.(
201
4).―P
erf
ormanc
eOnl
yMeasur
ementof

S
erv
iceQual
i
ty:
ARepl
i
cat
ionandE
xtensi ǁJ
on. our
nal
ofBusi
nessResear
ch:
55(
1)
,1
7-3
1.

S
inghal
,Si
nghal
&Ar
ya,
Leonar
dL.
(201
4).
Fiv
eImper
ati
vesf
orI
mpr
ovementofS
erv
iceQual
i
ty.

Sl
oanManagementRev
iew:
29(
4),
11
6-1
35.