VTP SIM

Question: This task requires you to use the CLI of Sw-AC3 to answer five multiple-choice questions. This does not require any configuration. To answer the multiple-choice questions, click on the numbered boxes in the right panel. There are five multiple-choice questions with this task. Be sure to answer all five questions before leaving this item.

Important: The VTP simlet has a pool of 10 question of which it will select a random 5 for the actual
exam test,Therefore each person might get a different set of questions. some very usefull commands to answer this simlet: show cdp neighbor , show cdp neighbor detail , show interface trunk or switchport , show mac-addresstable, show spanning-tree, show vlan , show vtp status , show run .

The pool of 10 questions are discussed here starting with the 4 questions in the above picture.
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Question 1 : What interface did Sw-AC3 associate with source MAC address 0010.5a0c.ffba ? Answer: Fa 0/8 (As per the picture above) (This may not be the real answer which can only be found by applying the command below) . To find out the associate interface number for a given mac address on the switch use the show mac-address-table command and search for the mac address 0010.5a0c.ffba and its associated interface number.

Application of the Command

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Question 1 : What interface did Sw-AC3 associate with source MAC address 0010.5a0c.ffba ?
Step1. SW-AC3#show mac-address-table This will give you the port on which the MAC address was leant by this switch

Explanation (Please remember the commands which are used to generate the reports) .

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Question 2 : what ports on Sw-AC3 are operating as trunks (choose two)? Answer: Fa 0/9 and Fa 0/12 (As per the picture above) (This may not be the real answer which can only be found by applying the command below) . To find out the ports operating has trunks on a switch Use the show interface trunk command this will display all the trunk ports configured on switch. (or) Use the show interface switchport command and check the output of the command for operational mode : trunk for each and every interface.

Application of the Command

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Question 2 : what ports on Sw-AC3 are operating as trunks (choose two)?

Easier Process :-

Sw-Ac3#show interfaces trunk This will display all the trunks.

Another Process

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Question 3: What kind of router is VLAN-R1 ? Answer: 2611 ( as per picture above) (This may not be the real answer which can only be found by applying the command below) . To know details of directly connected Neighbor, use the following command on the switch show cdp neighbors.This output gives the following details about its neighbors Device ID, Local Interface ,Holdtme, Capability, Platform, Port ID. To know what kind of router is VLAN-R1 we need to identify its platform details from above command output.

Application of the Command

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Question 4: Which switch is the root bridge for VLAN 1 ? Answer: Sw-AC3 (As per the question above in picture) (This may not be the real answer which can only be found by applying the command below) . Step1: Use the Show spanning-tree vlan 1 command this output provide the mac address of the root bridge. Step2: now use the show mac-address-table command this output associates the mac address to a interface number. Step3: use the command show cdp neighbors this output will give us the local interface associated with the hostname (Device ID).

Application of the Command _______________________________________________________

Question 4: Which switch is the root bridge for VLAN 1 ?
Step 1. Sw-AC3#show spanning-tree vlan 1 This will give the MAC address of root bridge Step2. Sw-AC3#show mac-address-table Note down associated interface with mac address of the root bridge (say fa 0/2) Step3. Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbors This will give the hostname of the switch connected on that port 91.e fa 0/2

3rd Step :----------

Better Two - Step Way

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Question 5 : Out of which port on switch Sw-Ac3 would a frame containing an IP packet with destination address that is not on a local LAN be forwarded? Answer: To forward any packet with destination address other then the subnet network of the switch, the switch usually forwards this IP packets to the layer 3 device example router connected to it. Step1: Find the default-gateway (Router or layer 3 device) configured on the switch. use the Show run command to view the IP address used to configure default-gateway on the switch. Step2: Look for the router VLAN-R1 after using the show cdp neighbor detail command Sample output of show cdp neighbor detail command for better understanding the output details Device ID: C2950-1 Entry address(es): Platform: Cisco WS-C2950T-24, Capabilities: Switch IGMP Interface: FastEthernet0/0, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/15 Holdtime : 139 sec Two things to notice from above output Interface: FastEthernet0/0 this statement provides that the neighbor(c2950-1) is connected to fa 0/0 on the c3660-2 local switch. Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/15 this explains that neighbor (c2950-1) uses fa 0/15 port to reach c3660-2 switch. FOR OUR QUESTION WE SHOULD LOOK FOR THE ROUTER VLAN-R1 corresponding details and to which port it is connected on local switch Sw-Ac3.

Step3: The port number to which the router VLAN-R1 is connected on switch Sw-Ac3 is used to forward the packets with destination address that is not on a local LAN.

Application of the Command

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Question 5 : Out of which port on switch Sw-Ac3 would a frame containing an IP packet with destination address that is not on a local LAN be forwarded?
Step1. The packet will be sent to the default-gateway. Hence type Sw-Ac3#show running-config ( Note the IP address of the defaultgateway ) . Step2. Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbor detail (This will provide ip address mapping to hostname ). Step3. Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbor ( This will give the local interface associated with the hostname ).

Easier Process :- Just use the show cdp neighbor to find

out the port,the router is attached to.
A. Fa0/1 B. Fa0/3 C. Fa0/4 D. Fa0/8 E. Fa0/9 F. Fa0/12 Answer: B ( Explanation :- Please remember the commands which are used to generate the reports ) .

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Question 6: What address should be configured as the default-gateway for the host connected to interface fa 0/4 of SW-Ac3 ? Answer: 192.168.1.254 (This may not be the real answer which can only be found by applying the command below) . Step1: Find the details of the VLAN assigned to interface fa 0/4 by using the show vlan command on Sw-Ac3. The above exhibit question has fa 0/4 configured has VLAN1 based on the output from show vlan command. Step2: From the exhibit question we know that VLAN1 is configured on router using sub-interface fa 0/0.1 with IP address 192.168.1.254 /24. Step3: 192.168.1.254 should be configure as default-gateway address for the host connected to fa 0/4 on switch. Because VLAN1 corresponds to fa 0/4 on Sw-Ac3 and host connected to fa 0/4 will be member of vlan1.

Application of the Command

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Question 6: What address should be configured as the default-gateway for the host connected to
interface fa 0/4 of SW-Ac3 ? Step1. Sw-AC3#show vlan This will display list of vlans and associated port. Based on the vlan number,find out the default gateway (i.e interface ip address of VLAN-R1 router corresponding to that vlan.

Explanation (Please remember the commands which are used to generate the reports.):

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Question 7: Out of which ports will frame with source mac-address 0015.5A0Cc.A086 and destination mac-address 000A.8A47.0612 be forwarded ? Answer: Step1: Use Show mac-address-table command on the switch. The output of a show mac-address-table provides the mapping of mac address with port numbers. Search the output for the two mac-addresses provided in the question and select the destination mac address corresponding port number for correct answers. Step2: If you do not find the above destination mac-address in SHOW MAC-ADDRESSTABLE output , then the frame will be broadcast or flooded to all ports ( all ports may be ports of particular vlan on switch , Selection of VLAN will be depending on the source mac-address port vlan membership) except the port it recieved from. Step3: It can be viewed by applying the Show Vlan command.

Application of the Command

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Question 7: Out of which ports will frame with source mac-address 0015.5A0Cc.A086 and destination mac-address 000A.8A47.0612 be forwarded ? Or the Question can be, Out of which ports will frame with source mac-address
0010.5a0c.A086 and destination mac address 000a.8a47.0612 be forwarded (choose two)

Or the Question can be, Out of which ports on Sw-AC3 will a frame be forwarded that has
Source MAC address 0010.5a0c.fd86 and destination MAC address 000a.8a47.e612?

Step1. Sw-AC3#show mac-address-table Step2. In the output check if the 2 mac addresses mentioned above have been learnt by the switch.If they are not then it will be flooded out on all ports except the port on which it was received (the port corresponding to source mac). If destination mac is present in the table it will be sent out on the port on which the address was learnt (port coresponding to the address in the output of show command)

Explanation (Please remember the commands which are used to generate the reports.): Since the destination MAC address 000a.8a47.e612 is not in the address table, the switch copies the frame to all other ports of the same VLAN that the source host belongs and also to all trunk ports.

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Question 8: From which switch did Sw-Ac3 receive VLAN information ?

A. Sw-DS1 B. Sw-AC1 C. Sw-AC2 D. Sw-AC3 (locally)

Answer: Sw-AC2 Step1: Use Sw-Ac3#show vtp status command . Sample output of show vtp status command
switch# show vtp status VTP Version : 2 Configuration Revision : 255 Maximum VLANs supported locally : 1005 Number of existing VLANs : 35 VTP Operating Mode : Server VTP Domain Name : Lab_Network VTP Pruning Mode : Enabled VTP V2 Mode : Enabled VTP Traps Generation : Disabled MD5 digest : 0x08 0x7E 0x54 0xE2 0x5A 0x79 0xA9 0x2D Configuration last modified by 127.0.0.12 at 8-7-02 11:21:43 Local updater ID is 127.0.0.12 on interface EO0/0 (first interface found)

The local updater ID in the above output identifies the ip address of the device which is providing the VLAN information. The address could also be of the switch itself. Step 2: Show cdp neighbor detail provides the hostname for corresponding to that IP address.

Application of the Command

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Question 8: From which switch did Sw-Ac3 receive VLAN information ? Step1. Sw-AC3#show vtp status Step2. The VTP message contains updater identity i.e one who has last updated the vlan config info. The IP address of the updater will be displayed at the bottom i.e the updater of vlan info along with the time when it updated.It could also be Sw-AC3 itself.In that case the updater identity will indicate as local.

Step3. Sw-AC#show cdp neighbor detail This will provide the hostname corressponding to that IP.

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Question 9: Refer to the exhibit. SwX was taken out of the production network for maintenance. It will be reconnected to the Fa 0/16 port of Sw-Ac3. What happens to the network when it is reconnected and a trunk exists between the two switches?

Answer: 4 (This may not be the real answer which can only be found by applying the command below) . Step1: On switch Sw-Ac3 use show vtp status command. Notice the output for domain name, Both switches must have same domain name configured to exchange vtp messages (exhibit domain name: home-office ). Step2: If domain name matches, Then note Configuration Revision number of the Sw-Ac3 and compare it with the SwX , Whichever switch has highest configuration revision number will become the vtp updater. The switch which becomes vtp updater will replace other switch vlan information with its own vlan information. Example if SwX revision number is highest , Then VLAN information that is configured in Sw-Ac3 will be replaced by the VLAN information in the SwX.

Application of the Command

Question 9: Refer to the exhibit. SwX was taken out of the production network for maintenance. It will be reconnected to the Fa 0/16 port of Sw-Ac3. What happens to the network when it is reconnected and a trunk exists between the two switches? Or the Question can be: What happens when SwX is reconnected to the network and a trunk exists between the two switches?

Step1. Sw-AC3#show vtp status Note the domain name. The domain name of the 2 switches must be the same for them to exchange vtp messages.

Step2. If the Sw-AC3 higher higher

domain name is the same,note the config revion no of and compare with that of Sw-X. Whichever switch has config revision no. will be the vtp updater. Say Sw-X has rev no. Its vlan will replace that of Sw-AC3.

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Question 10: To which port of Sw-Ac3 is router VLAN-R1 connected?

Step1. Sw-Ac3#show cdp neighbors or ( USE Or Sw-Ac3#show cdp neighbor detail

THIS )

This will provide the details of VLAN-R1 i.e. hostname,IP address,and IOS version. This will also display the port (local interface)on which R1 is connected.

Application of the Command

_______________________________________________________ Question 11: Which switch is the root bridge? ( Same as the question, Which switch is the root bridge for Vlan 1 ? )
Step1. Sw-Ac3#show spanning-tree ( This will give the MAC address of root bridge ) . Step2. Sw-Ac3#show mac-address-table ( Note down associated interface with mac address of the root bridge ) . Step3. Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbor ( This will give the hostname of the switch connected on that port 91.e fa 0/2 ) .

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VLAN SIMULATION Please study the below, very useful

Q1. What happens when SwX is reconnected to the network and a trunk exists between the two switches? Step1. Sw-AC3#show vtp status Note the domain name. The domain name of the 2 switches must be the same for them to exchange vtp messages Step2. If the domain name is the same,note the config rev no of Sw-AC3 and compare with that of Sw-X. Whichever switch has higher config revision no. will be the vtp updater. Say Sw-X has higher rev no. Its vlan will replace that of Sw-AC3. Q2.What interface did switch AC-3 associate with Mac address 0010.5a0c.ffba? Step1. SW-AC3#show mac-address-table This will give you the port on which the MAC address was leant by this switch. Q3. To which port of Sw-Ac3 is router VLAN-R1 connected?

Step1. Sw-Ac3#show cdp neighbor This will display the port (local interface)on which R1 is connected. Q4. What ports of switch Sw-Ac3 are operationg as trunks? Step1. Sw-Ac3#show interfaces trunk This will display all the trunk ports. Example: Sw-AC3#show interfaces trunk Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan Fa0/1 on 802.1q trunking 1 Port Vlans allowed on trunk Fa0/1 1-4094 Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain Fa0/1 1-2 Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned Fa0/1 1-2 Q5. Which switch is the root bridge? Step1. Sw-Ac3#show spanning-tree This will give the MAC address of root bridge Step2. Sw-Ac3#show mac-address-table Note down associated interface with mac address of the root bridge (say fa 0/2) Step3. Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbor This will give the hostname of the switch connected on that port 91.e fa 0/2 Q6. Out of which port on Sw-Ac3 will an IP packet with destination address not on local LAN be forwarded. Step1. The packet will be sent to the default-gateway. Hence type Sw-Ac3#show running-config Note the IP address of the default-gateway. Step2. Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbor detail This will provide ip address mapping to hostname. Step3. Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbor This will give the local interface associated with the hostname. Q7.Which switch is the root bridge for vlan 1? Step 1. Sw-AC3#show spanning-tree vlan 1

This will give the MAC address of root bridge Step2. Sw-AC3#show mac-address-table Note down associated interface with mac address of the root bridge (say fa 0/2) Step3. Sw-AC3#show cdp neighbor This will give the hostname of the switch connected on that port 91.e fa 0/2 Q8. What address should be configured as the default-gateway for the host connected to interface Fa0/4 of Sw-AC3? Step1. Sw-AC3#show vlan This will display list of vlans and associated port. Based on the vlan no find out the default gateway (i.e interface ip address of VLAN-R1 router corresponding to that vlan Q9. Out of which ports will frame with source mac-address 0010.5a0c.A086 and destination mac address 000a.8a47.0612 be forwarded (choose two) Step1. Sw-AC3#show mac-address-table Step2. In the output check if the 2 mac addresses mentioned above have been learnt by the switch.If they are not then it will be flooded out on all ports except the port on which it was recd (the port coressponding to source mac). If dest mac is present in the table it will be sent out on the port on which the address was learnt (port coresponding to the address in the output of show command) Q10. From which switch did Sw-AC3 receive the VLAN information? Step1. Sw-AC3#show vtp status Step2. The VTP message contains updater identity i.e one who has last updated the vlan config info. The IP address of the updater will be displayed at the bottom i.e the updater of vlan info along with the time when it updated.It could also be Sw-AC3 itself.In that case the updater identity will indicate as local. Step3. Sw-AC#show cdp neighbor detail This will provide the hostname corressponding to that IP

Just in case you need it in more compact form _______________________________________________________

Q1. What happens when SwX is reconnected to the network and a trunk exists between the two switches? Sw-AC3# show vtp status ( show cdp neighbor detail ) Q2.What interface did switch AC-3 associate with Mac address 0010.5a0c.ffba? Sw-AC3# show mac-address-table Q3. To which port of Sw-Ac3 is router VLAN-R1 connected? Sw-AC3# show cdp neighbor detail show cdp neighbor Q4. What ports of switch Sw-Ac3 are operating as trunks? Sw-AC3# show interface trunk (OR) show interface switchport Q5. Which switch is the root bridge? Sw-Ac3# show spanning-tree show mac-address-table show cdp neighbor Q6. Out of which port on Sw-Ac3 will an IP packet with destination address not on local LAN be forwarded? Sw-Ac3#show running-config show cdp neighbor detail show cdp neighbor Q7.Which switch is the root bridge for vlan 1? Sw-Ac3#show spanning-tree vlan1 show mac-address-table show cdp neighbor Q8. What address should be configured as the default-gateway for the host connected to interface Fa0/4 of Sw-AC3? Sw-AC3# show vlan brief Q9. Out of which ports will frame with source mac-address 0010.5a0c.A086 and destination mac address 000a.8a47.0612 be forwarded (choose two) Sw-AC3# show mac-address-table Q10. From which switch did Sw-AC3 receive the VLAN information? Sw-AC3# show vtp status show cdp neighbor detail