The Charminar is a monument located in Hyderabad, India that was built in 1591 by Sultan Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah. It has a distinctive four minarets after which it derives its name - Charminar meaning four towers. The structure is based on a square plan with four tall minarets situated at each corner. It blends both Islamic and Indian architectural styles and served as a mosque as well as madrassa. The Charminar stands at the intersection of the two main streets of Hyderabad and is an iconic landmark of the city.
The Charminar is a monument located in Hyderabad, India that was built in 1591 by Sultan Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah. It has a distinctive four minarets after which it derives its name - Charminar meaning four towers. The structure is based on a square plan with four tall minarets situated at each corner. It blends both Islamic and Indian architectural styles and served as a mosque as well as madrassa. The Charminar stands at the intersection of the two main streets of Hyderabad and is an iconic landmark of the city.
The Charminar is a monument located in Hyderabad, India that was built in 1591 by Sultan Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah. It has a distinctive four minarets after which it derives its name - Charminar meaning four towers. The structure is based on a square plan with four tall minarets situated at each corner. It blends both Islamic and Indian architectural styles and served as a mosque as well as madrassa. The Charminar stands at the intersection of the two main streets of Hyderabad and is an iconic landmark of the city.
The Charminar is a monument located in Hyderabad, India that was built in 1591 by Sultan Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah. It has a distinctive four minarets after which it derives its name - Charminar meaning four towers. The structure is based on a square plan with four tall minarets situated at each corner. It blends both Islamic and Indian architectural styles and served as a mosque as well as madrassa. The Charminar stands at the intersection of the two main streets of Hyderabad and is an iconic landmark of the city.
HYDERABAD DECCAN ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE • Islamic architecture includes a wide range of secular and religious styles from the foundation of Islam to the present day. • The four principal Islamic architectural types are :
MOSQUE : TOMB : FORT : PALACE :
Jama Masjid, Delhi Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur Red Fort, Delhi Hawa Mahal, Jaipur Charminar, Hyderabad DECCAN/DECCANI ARCHITECTURE • AD 1344 – AD 1672 • Amalgamation of Indo-Islamic and Dravidian architecture. • Developed during the Deccan sultanate period. • Influenced from : • DELHI STYLE : Due to the forced migration of Muhammed Tughaq from Delhi to Daulatabad, many influences of Tughlaqian Delhi styles were brought to the south. • PERSIAN STYLE : Due to the migration of Persians to South India via sea. EVOLUTION OF DECCAN ARCHITECTURE • Deccan architectural style can be divided into three main phases : • GULBARGA PHASE (Bahmani Dynasty) • BIDAR PHASE (Bahmani & Barid Dynasties) • GOLCONDA PHASE (Qutb Shahi Dynasty) 1 . GULBARGA PHASE (BAHMANI DYNASTY) • AD 1347 – AD 1425 • Gulbarga was a fortified city. • Laying foundation of the style. • Established by the first independent ruler Ala-Ud-Din Hassan Bahaman Shah, a Persian adventurer from court of Tuglaq. • Final form of deccan architecture attained in form of royal tombs. • Eg.: Tomb of Ala-Ud-Din Bahaman, an imitaion of Tuglaqs at delhi 1 . GULBARGA PHASE (BAHMANI DYNASTY) FORTRESS OF GULBARGA JAMI MASJID HAFT GUMBAZ (Tomb of Ala-Ud-Din-Bahman) • AD 1367 • Area : 158ft x 78 ft • AD 1327 • Area : 38016 sq.ft. • Dome height : 30 ft., encircled with • Area : 0.5 acres • Rectangular plan with Mihrab on west foliations. • Periphery length : 3 km. end with trefoil arch. Have squinches, • Two storey structure with recessed • Double fortification 50ft thick with 90 250 arches & 140 square pillars. arches, foliated merlons with short ft wide moat surrounding it. • Mixture of Persian & Indo Islamic fluted finials at corners. • Has 16 towers mounted with 26 guns architecture. • Tomb built in double form of two each 26ft high. • Resembles mosques in Spain & Turkey. mortuary chambers, for king and his • Materials : Granite & Lime mortar. • Materials : Stone masonry with lime family. mortar. 2 . BIDAR PHASE (BAHMANI & BARID DYNASTIES) • AD 1427 • After moving the capital of the Deccan Sultanate from Gulbarga to Bidar, the style developed under Bahmani and later, the Barid dynasty. • Brought Persian and Delhi elemental features in architecture. • Included forts, palaces and mosques. • Introduction of octagonal drums. 2 . BIDAR PHASE (BAHMANI & BARID DYNASTIES) BIDAR FORT • Built : 15th century • Style : Persian architecture • Layout : Haphazard rhombus TURKASH MAHAL AD 1432 shaped • For royal guests. • Fort : 4 km long with laterite wall of 15m thickness. • Contains 2 Mosques, Madrassa (college), Jama Masjid, 7 tombs & 7 gateways. • Materials : Granite & lime mortar. RANGEEN MAHAL AD 1580 • Queen Palace 2 . BIDAR PHASE (BAHMANI & BARID DYNASTIES) MADRASSA OF MAHMUD GAWAN AD 1481 • Persian University • Three tiered structure – lecture halls, library & mosque. TAKHT MAHAL AD 1432 • Includes Persian minarets on either sides, several arches & • Royal residence niches. • No sculptural embellishments, recesses or projections.
DIWAN I AM AD 1427 • Public audience hall 2 . BIDAR PHASE (BAHMANI & BARID DYNASTIES) JAMI MASJID 14TH CENTURY TOMB OF ALI BARID AD 1579 ( SOLAH KHAMBAH MOSQUE) • Open structure with large two storied archways in each of its • 16 pillared structure, with octagonal base dome structure on four sides. top. • Bulbous form dome supported by four pillars. • Hypostyle walls inside the structure. • Materials : Green granite & laterite rock. • Mihrab enclosed in a square compartment over which a • Shikhara made up of alloy of gold. Gulbarga style dome is built. 3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY) • AD 1512 • The capital of the Deccan Sultanate finally moved to the southern city of Golconda, the stronghold of the ruling Qutb Shahi dynasty • Predominantly known as the “Hyderabad Deccan”. 3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY) GOLCONDA FORT QUTB SHAHI TOMBS (7 Tombs) • Built : 17th century • Square plan at base, reduced to octagonal plan on top having • Fortress wall : 5 km circumference cenotaph at centre and minarets at each corners. • Double dome structure with bulbous form domes. • Materials : Concentric masonry blocks. • Evolved from Bidar tombs. • Includes palaces, mosques and Qutb Shahi tombs. • Made of carved stonework and surrounded by landscaped gardens. 3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY) QUTB SHAHI TOMBS SULTAN QULI QUTB UL MULK JAMSHEED QULI QUTB SHAH SUBHAN QULI QUTB SHAH Ruler I Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty Ruler II Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty Ruler III Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty 3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY) IBRAHIM QULI QUTB SHAH MUHAMMED QULI QUTAB SHAH MOHAMMED QUTB SHAH Ruler IV Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty Ruler V Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty Ruler VI Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty 3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY) QUTB SHAHI TOMBS
ABDULLAH QUTAB SHAH
Ruler VII Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty CHARMINAR CHARMINAR • AD 1591 • Location : City of Hyderabad, stands at the crossing of two arterial axes in the old city of Hyderabad and forms the symbolic fulcrum of the city, with its four gateways oriented towards the cardinal directions. • Built by Sultan Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah, under Qutb Shahi Dynasty. • Commemoration of elimination of plaque epidemic from the city. • Serves as Mosque & Madrassa. • Style : Indo Islamic architecture with Persian architectural elements. CHARMINAR • Charminar means four minarets, representing first four caliphs/ khalifas of Islam. • Built in Tajaya style. • Based on a square plan of 30 m with four minarets on corners having height 57 m. • Large decorated dome at top with beautiful petal motifs at base and richly embellished cornices. • 149 winding steps to reach upper floor. • Materials : Granite, limestone, mortar & powdered marble. CHARMINAR CHARMINAR CHARMINAR DOME RICHLY EMBELLISHED CORNICES
PERFORATED BALUSTRADES
THREE STOREYS SMALL ARCHES SMALL ARCADED TRIFORIUM
OGEE ARCHES ON FOUR
SIDES CHARMINAR • Monument’s gallery includes 45 closed prayer spaces and a large open space to accommodate more. • Has water container at centre to cleanse oneself before prayer. • Every arch has a clock, each arch facing four streets. • Each arch has 11m span with 20 m height and three storeys one above the other, diminishing in sizes. • Each storey contains • 1st storey – small arched triforium • 2nd storey – small arches • Top storey – perforated balustrades and hanging balconies on all its sides CHARMINAR
CLOCK ARCHES INTERIOR TOP VIEW
CHARMINAR
DETAILINGS : PERFORATED BALUSTRADES AND CALLIGRAPHY
SUBMITTED BY :- 08. AMMU ANNE PAUL 30. REEBU SAJU STEPHEN 33. RONITA SUSAN THOMAS
