Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE

English 10
Quarter 4 – Module 4:
Observe correct grammar in
making definitions

MELC #1: Observe correct grammar in making definition

(EN10G-11A-2.9).

10
1
 English
Quarter 4 – Module 4:
Observe correct grammar in
making definitions

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to

2
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: SHEILAH ELLEN C. LAZARO

Editors: Victoria Quevedo, Eliza Milagros A. Rivera, Kathleen E.
Fandag

Reviewers: RITCHELLE B. DEJOLDE/ELIZA A. RIVERA/KATHLEEN E.

FANDAG
Layout Artist:
Management Team: JOANN A. CORPUZ
JOYE D. MADALIPAY
JENETRIX T. TUMANENG
RITCHELLE B. DEJOLDE

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte

Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone Number: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: [email protected]

Introductory Message
This Contextualized Learning Module (CLM) is prepared so that you, our
dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to
understand each lesson with ease.
This CLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

3
 Pre-test is provided to measure your prior knowledge on the lesson. This will
show you if you need to proceed in completing this module or if you need to ask
your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson.
At the end of this module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for all activities and tests. We trust that you
will be honest in using them.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher is also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you in your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this CLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. Likewise, read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any question in using this CLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

4
Module OBSERVE CORRECT
GRAMMAR IN MAKING
1 DEFINITIONS

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written to help you master the concepts and
skills in Observing Grammar in Making Definitions.

The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning

situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary levels of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the
order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using. This module is specifically developed and designed to provide you
fun and meaningful learning experiences to be accomplished at your own time and
at your own pace.

In this module, you are expected to:

▪ Observe correct grammar in making definitions. (EN10G-I1A-2.9).

Specifically, you should be able to:

a. identify parts of definition; and
b. use sentence patterns in writing definitions.

5
 What I Know

Activity : Knowledge Check

Directions: Before you proceed, check your knowledge on the lesson that you
are about to learn. Test yourself by answering the questions below. Write the word
CORRECT if the underlined part of the definition is grammatically correct. If it is
wrong, give the correct form.

1. An ophthalmologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the treatment of

eye diseases. _________________________
2. Psychology is a science deals with human minds, mental states, and human
behavior. ________________________
3. A drug is a medicinal substance that is intend to treat or prevent diseases or
lessen pain. _______________________
4. Gene is a basic unit of heredity capable of transmitting characteristics from
one generation to the next. ____________________
5. Protein is a complex compound composing of amino acids.
____________________
6. A square is a polygon that has four sides. ____________.
7. Scientists works with clearly defined objectives. _______________
8. A microscope is needed to conduct experiment with microorganisms.
__________
9. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants makes their own food.
___________
10. Mammals who have backbones are called vertebrates. ______

What’s In

In the previous lesson, you have learned to write definition by

following two sentence patterns. Give the two patterns of writing a definition.

6
What’s New

Directions: Study the two definitions of one term. Answer the

questions that follow. Circle the letter only.
I. Anti-life acts are measures that are intended to terminate life willfully
and consciously.
II. Anti-life acts are measures intended to terminate life wilfully and
consciously.

1. What part of definition is the underlined words?

A. Class B. distinguishing characteristics C. term
2. Which definition uses relative clause?
A. Sentence I B. Sentence II
3. Which sentence uses a participial phrase?
A. Sentence I B. Sentence II
4. Which is the shortened form?
A. Sentence I B. Sentence II
Read the selection in the box and find out how the author defines anti-life acts.
Identify the term, verb, class, distinguishing characteristic

TERM acts are measures

Anti-life VERB that seek to CLASS DISTINGUISHING
terminate life willfully and consciously.PATTERN
CHARACTERISTI
Abortion is referred to as the termination of pregnancy before the fetus reaches 20 weeks of
C
gestation.
Euthanasia connotes the act of causing death painlessly so as to end the suffering of patients
who have no chance of recovery.
Meanwhile the act of using force, violence or threat to demoralize, intimidate or subjugate
others is known as terrorism.
Lastly, capital punishment is defined as the death penalty imposed on persons found guilty
of major crimes against persons and properties.

7
 What It Is

An important skill to develop in order to make grammatically

correct definitions is the use of relative pronouns as well as participial and
prepositional phrases in stating the distinguishing characteristics of the
term defined.
In defining a term, you actually answer the question “What is
A?”
Definitions are commonly used in expository writing, such as research,
scientific and legal texts. It is also used in essays and other text types in
order to make ideas and concepts clearer.
Full definitions are composed of a term to define, the general
class to which the term belongs and a distinguishing characteristic which
separates the term from the other members of the same class.

Example:
Anti-life acts are measures which are intended to terminate life willfully
and consciously.
Distinguishing
Characteristics

Relative Pronoun

Dependent Clause (Relative

Clause)

These are the relative pronouns which you can use.

* that
* which Relative Pronouns + whom/whose
* who

* when
* where Other words that can be used to introduce a
* wherein distinguishing characteristics in definition.
* whereby
* by which

8
 B. Anti-life acts are measures intended to terminate life willfully and consciously.

Past Participle

On the other hand, the distinguishing characteristics of the term defined in Example B is a
participial phrase beginning with intended (Past Participle)

Here are types of phrases which you can use.

1. Present participial phrase (beginnning with +ing form of the verb).

Example:

Science is the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the
structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.

Term Class Distinguishing Characteristics Present Participle

2. Past Participial phrase (beginning with the +ed/d/en of the verb)

Example:

Physics is the branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of matter and
energy. Past Participle
Term Class
Distinguishing characteristics

3. Prepositional Phrase (beginning with preposition such as for, to, etc)

Example:

Protein is a macronutrient for building muscle mass.

Prepositional phrase

What’s More
Directions: A. Combine the two sentences in each item to come up with a
full definition. Change the second sentence into a clause that begins with which, who
or that.
Example: 1. Chemistry is a science.
2. Chemistry deals with the study of the composition and properties of

9
 substances.
Answer: Chemistry is a science that deals with the study of the composition and
properties
of substance.
1. A computer is an electronic system.
A computer is designed to manipulate and store data.
2. A printer is a computer hardware.
A printer is used to produce printer output.
3. Internet is a global computer network.
Internet connects users with service networks such as the World Wide Web.
4. A modem is a device.
A modem connects computer via telephone line.
5. A software is a program, routine and symbolic language.
A software is essential to the operation and maintenance of a computer.

B. Full definitions can be shortened by changing the relative clause into a participial
phrase. Shorten the full definitions below by removing the relative pronoun
(which, that, who) and by changing the verb into its –ing or –ed (-en) form or by
removing which, that, who is.

Example:
Pragmatics is the branch of linguistics that deals with the study of language use
rather than structure,

Shortened form: Pragmatics is the branch of linguistics dealing with the study of
language use rather structure.

6. Atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surrounds the earth.

7. Dialysis is a medical process that is used to treat patients with kidney disease.
8. Ultrasound is a technique that uses high-frequency sound waves for medical
diagnosis.
9. An antidote is a substance that counteracts the effects of a toxin.
10. A probiotic is a substance that contains beneficial microorganisms

What I Have Learned

Good job my dear learners!
You are learning from this material. You are able to accomplish and
answer the activities. It is now time to wrap up what you have learned by accomplishing the
activities.

10
Directions: Write a full definition from each given set of terms to define, generalizing the
class and distinguishing the characteristics below. Give two sentences following the patterns
you have learned.
Example: triangle - polygon - three sides
Pattern 1 : A triangle is a polygon that has three sides
Pattern 2: A polygon that has three sides is a triangle.

1. Chair - furniture - used for sitting

Pattern 1:
_______________________________________________________________
Pattern 2:
_______________________________________________________________
2. Haiku - a poem – composed of seventeen syllables in three lines.
Pattern 1:
_______________________________________________________________
Pattern 2:
_______________________________________________________________
3. Semantics - the science – deals with meaning in language.
Pattern 1:
_______________________________________________________________
Pattern 2:
_______________________________________________________________
4. Thermometer – an instrument - used to measure temperature
Pattern 1:
_______________________________________________________________
Pattern 2:
_______________________________________________________________
5. Playwright - a person -writes plays
Pattern 1:
________________________________________________________________
Pattern 2:
________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Love, humility, wisdom, faith and perseverance?

Directions: Choose the virtue which you think is the most important. Using the
table, provide the class to where it belongs and a distinguishing characteristic that

11
separates it from the rest. Then, write a definition of the word using the two
patterns.

TERM CLASS DISTINGUISHING

CHARACTERISTIC

Pattern 1:
_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________
Pattern 2:
_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Congratulations. Let us check your knowledge on the lesson that you have
learned. Test yourself by answering the questions below.

Directions: A. Write the word CORRECT if the underlined part of the definition is
grammatically correct. If it is wrong, give the correct form.

12
 1. Alternator is an electric generator that converts mechanical energy
to electrical energy in the form of alternating current.
2. The assembly is used in transmission of electrical power.
3. Transfer specialist is an individual who interacts with developers
to enhance the knowledge transfer process.
4. The power that pulls materials together is magnetic force.
5. Abiotic is a non-living factor or element.

B. Write D if the sentence is a definition and ND if it is not a definition.

6. A triangle is a polygon that has three sides.
7. Understanding human genetics is important in medical sciences.
8. Abortion is illegal in the Philippines.
9. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
10. Compounds are chemical substances formed by combining elements.

Additional Activity
Directions: Choose a virtue that best describes you and give
your own definition using the two patterns in defining a term.

________________________
__________________________
________________________
__________________________
___________
________________________
Answer Key __________________________
________________________
__________________________
___________
________________________
__________________________
What I know ________________________
What’s more
__________________________
correct ___________
wrong - which
wrong - intended
correct
wrong- composed
correct
wrong - work
correct
wrong - make
wrong - that
13
 What’s In
B 2. A 3. B
4. B

Assessment
What I Have Learned
Answer may vary

What I Can Do
Answer may vary

Additional Activity
Answer may vary

References:

14