Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 35 views

    Rectilinear Kinematics

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Azhari Mohd Rodzi
    Here are the key steps to solve this problem: 1) Draw the v-t graph based on the given accelerations (Fig. 12-14b): - Accelerate at 10 m/s2 for 10 s, so the slope is 10 m/s2 and v = 100 m/s at t = 10 s - Decelerate at 2 m/s2 after that, so the slope is -2 m/s2 2) Draw the s-t graph by integrating the v-t graph (Fig. 12-14c): - For t < 10 s, the slope is the velocity from the v-t graph - For t > 10 s, the slope is the decreasing velocity

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Rectilinear Kinematics

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Azhari Mohd Rodzi
    35 views8 pages
    Here are the key steps to solve this problem: 1) Draw the v-t graph based on the given accelerations (Fig. 12-14b): - Accelerate at 10 m/s2 for 10 s, so the slope is 10 m/s2 and v = 100 m/s at t = 10 s - Decelerate at 2 m/s2 after that, so the slope is -2 m/s2 2) Draw the s-t graph by integrating the v-t graph (Fig. 12-14c): - For t < 10 s, the slope is the velocity from the v-t graph - For t > 10 s, the slope is the decreasing velocity

    Original Title

    04. Rectilinear Kinematics

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Here are the key steps to solve this problem: 1) Draw the v-t graph based on the given accelerations (Fig. 12-14b): - Accelerate at 10 m/s2 for 10 s, so the slope is 10 m/s2 and v = 100 m/s at t = 10 s - Decelerate at 2 m/s2 after that, so the slope is -2 m/s2 2) Draw the s-t graph by integrating the v-t graph (Fig. 12-14c): - For t < 10 s, the slope is the velocity from the v-t graph - For t > 10 s, the slope is the decreasing velocity

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    35 views8 pages

    Rectilinear Kinematics

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Azhari Mohd Rodzi
    Here are the key steps to solve this problem: 1) Draw the v-t graph based on the given accelerations (Fig. 12-14b): - Accelerate at 10 m/s2 for 10 s, so the slope is 10 m/s2 and v = 100 m/s at t = 10 s - Decelerate at 2 m/s2 after that, so the slope is -2 m/s2 2) Draw the s-t graph by integrating the v-t graph (Fig. 12-14c): - For t < 10 s, the slope is the velocity from the v-t graph - For t > 10 s, the slope is the decreasing velocity

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    Rectilinear Motion

    Position
    RECTILINEAR MOTION refers to motion along a straight line.
    A position specifies the location of the particle on the line. The origin
    O on the path is a fixed point, and from this point s is used to specify the
    location of the particle at any given instant.
    The is a vector quantity since it has both magnitude and direction.
    Displacement
    The displacement is of the particle is defined as the change in its
    position . In this case
    to the right of its initial position. If the final position were to the left of
    its initial position, would be negative.
    The is also a vector quantity, and it should be distinguished from the
    distance the particle travels. Specifically, the distance traveled is a
    positive scalar that represents the total length of path over which the
    particle travels.

    Velocity
    The average velocity vavg is a vector quantity, defined as the
    displacement divided by the time interval vavg s t.
    t s
    becomes smaller and smaller.
    Consequently, the instantaneous velocity is a vector defined as:
    Velocity
    Occasionally, the term average speed (vsp)avg is used. The (vsp)avg is
    always a positive scalar and is defined as the total distance traveled by
    a particle sT t.

    For example below, (vsp)avg = sT t , however vavg = - s t.

    Acceleration
    The average acceleration aavg t is
    also a vector quantity, defined as the change in its velocity divided by
    the time interval aavg v t.
    The instantaneous acceleration at time t is a vector that is found by
    t and corresponding smaller and
    v, so:
    Rectilinear Motion Equations
    In summary, the time t, position , velocity , and acceleration
    are related by three differential equations:

    Rectilinear Motion Equations


    If the , then the differential equations relating
    time, position, velocity, and acceleration can be integrated.
    EXAMPLE 12.2

    A small projectile is fired vertically downward into a fluid medium


    with an initial velocity of 60 m/s. Due to the drag resistance of the
    fluid the projectile experiences a deceleration of a = (-0.4v3) m/s2,
    where v is in m/s. Determine the projectile's velocity and position 4 s
    after it is fired.

    EXAMPLE 12.3
    During a test a rocket travels upward at
    75 m/s, and when it is 40 m from the
    ground its engine fails. Determine the
    maximum height sB reached by the
    rocket and its speed just before it hits the
    ground. While in motion the rocket is
    subjected to a constant downward
    acceleration of 9.81 m/s2 due to gravity.
    Neglect the effect of air resistance.
    EXAMPLE 12.4

    A metallic particle is subjected to the influence of a magnetic field as


    it travels downward through a fluid that extends from plate A to plate
    B, Fig. 12-5. If the particle is released from rest at the midpoint C, s =
    100 mm, and the acceleration is a = (4s) m/s2, where s is in meters,
    determine the velocity of the particle when it reaches plate B, s = 200
    mm, and the time it takes to travel from C to B.

    EXAMPLE 12.5

    A particle moves along a horizontal path with a velocity of


    v = (3t2 - 6t) m/s, where t is the time in seconds. If it is initially
    located at the origin 0, determine the distance traveled in 3.5 s, and
    the particle's average velocity and average speed during the time
    interval.
    Rectilinear Kinematics:
    Erratic Motion

    Graphical Solution
    When a particle has erratic or changing
    motion then its a, v, s, and t cannot be
    described by a single continuous
    mathematical function along the entire path.
    For this reason, it is convenient to represent
    the motion as a graph.
    If one of these graphs is given, then the
    others can be established using the
    differential relations between a, v, s, and t.
    Since , then slope of the s-t graph (a)
    is velocity,.
    Since , then slope of the v-t graph (b)
    is acceleration,.
    Since , then for v-t graph (b),
    area under the graph is displacement s.
    Since , then for a-t graph (c),
    area under the graph is change of velocity v.
    EXAMPLE 12.7

    The car in Fig. 12-14a starts from rest and travels along a straight
    track such that it accelerates at 10 m/s2 for 10 s, and then decelerates
    at 2 m/s2. Draw the v-t and s-t graphs and determine the time
    needed to stop the car. How far has the car traveled?

    You might also like