MATHS : PANKAJ JOSHI SIR CONTINUITY

EXERCISE-I
Single correct type :

[x ]
1. Let g(x) = tan–1|x| – cot–1|x|, f(x) = {x}, h(x) = g(f (x)) where {x} denotes fractional part and [x]
[x  1]
denotes the integral part then which of the following holds good?
(A) h is continuous at x = 0 (B) h is discontinuous at x = 0
(C) h(0–) = /2 (D) h(0+) = – /2

 a  x   x 
sin   tan   for x  a
  2   2a 
2. f (x) = 
 cos   x  
   2a  

VIBRANT ACADEMY ax

for x  a

where [x] is the greatest integer function of x, and a > 0, then

(A) f (a–) < 0 (B) f has a removable discontinuity at x = a
(C) f has an irremovable discontinuity at x=a (D) f (a+) < 0

3. f is a continuous function on the real line. Given that for all real values of x,

x² + (f(x)  2) x 
unacademy
3 . f(x) + 2 3  3 = 0. Then the value of f( 3 )

2  32 
(A) can not be determined (B) is 2 (1  3 ) (C) is zero (D) is
3

4. If f (x) = sgn (cos 2 x  2 sin x + 3) , where sgn ( ) is the signum function , then f (x)
(A) is continuous over its domain (B) has a missing point discontinuity
(C) has isolated point discontinuity (D) has irremovable discontinuity.

x n  sin x n
5. Consider f (x) = Limit for x > 0, x  1,
n   x n  sin x n
f (1) = 0
then
(A) f is continuous at x = 1 (B) f has an infinite or oscillatory discontinuity at x = 1.
(C) f has a finite discontinuity at x = 1 (D) f has a removable type of discontinuity at x = 1.

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 2
| x |e x x  {x}
6. Given f(x) = for x  0
 e1 x 2  1 sgn (sin x )
 

=0 for x = 0
where {x} is the fractional part function; [x] is the step up function and sgn(x) is the signum function of x then, f(x)
(A) is continuous at x = 0 (B) is discontinuous at x = 0
(C) has a removable discontinuity at x = 0 (D) has an irremovable discontinuity at x = 0

1 x  1 x 
7. Consider f (x) = ,x0 ; g (x) = cos 2x, – < x < 0,
{x} 4

1
f (g(x)) for x  0
2
h(x) – 1 for x  0
f (x) forx  0

then, which of the following holds good.

VIBRANT ACADEMY
where {x} denotes fractional part function.
(A) 'h' is continuous at x = 0 (B) 'h' is discontinuous at x = 0
(C) f(g(x)) is an even function (D) f(x) is an even function

2x  1
8. The function f(x) = [x]. cos  , where [•] denotes the greatest integer function, is discontinuous at
2
(A) all x (B) all integer points
(C) no x (D) x which is not an integer

9.
f (x) unacademy
Consider the function defined on [0, 1]  R, f (x) =

(A) has a removable discontinuity at x = 0

sin x  x cos x
x2
if x  0 and f (0) = 0, then the function

(B) has a non removable finite discontinuity at x = 0

(C) has a non removable infinite discontinuity at x = 0
(D) is continuous at x = 0

sin x  x 2n sin( x  1)
10. Consider the function f (x) = Lim , where n  N
n  1  x 2n 1  x 2n
Statement-1: f (x) is discontinuous at x = 1.
because
Statement-2: f (1) = 0.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

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11. Consider the functions, f (x) = sgn (x – 1) and g (x) = cot–1[x – 1]
where [ ] denotes the greatest integer function.
Statement-1 : The function F (x) = f (x) · g (x) is discontinuous at x = 1.
because
Statement-2 : If f (x) is discontinuous at x = a and g (x) is also discontinuous at x = a then the product
function f (x) · g (x) is discontinuous at x = a.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

x 2  ax  2 , if x is rational
12. Consider the function f ( x )   , where ‘a’ is a parameter that can take any real
 1 – x , if x is irrational

value. If f(x) is discontinuous for all real values of x, then number of possible integral values of a is
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 0

 1  2
13. If f(x) = [x] +  x   +  x   , then number of points of discontinuity of f(x) in [–1, 1] is :
 3   3 

VIBRANT ACADEMY
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 7 (D) 6

Select the correct alternative : (More than one are correct)

14. A function f is defined on an interval [a, b]. Which of the following statement(s) is/are INCORRECT?
(A) If f (a) and f (b), have opposite sign, then there must be a point c  (a, b) such that f (c) = 0.
(B) If f is continuous on [a, b], f (a) < 0 and f (b) > 0, then there must be a point c  (a, b) such that f (c) = 0
(C) If f is continuous on [a, b] and there is a point c in (a, b) such that f (c) = 0, then f (a) and f (b) have
opposite sign.
(D) If f has no zeroes on [a, b], then f (a) and f (b) have the same sign.

15.

2
unacademy
Which of the following functions f has/have a removable discontinuity at the indicated point?

x  2x  8 x7
(A) f (x) = at x = – 2 (B) f (x) = | x  7 | at x = 7
x2

x3  64 3 x
(C) f (x) = at x = – 4 (D) f (x) = at x = 9
x4 9x

2 n2
16. 
n
Let ‘f’ be a continuous function on R. If f (1/4n) = sine e
n
  n2  1
then f(0) is :

(A) not unique (B) 1

(C) data sufficient to find f(0) (D) data insufficient to find f(0)

x
17. Indicate all correct alternatives if, f (x) =  1 , then on the interval [0, ]
2
1 1
(A) tan ( f (x) ) & are both continuous (B) tan ( f (x) ) & are both discontinuous
f ( x) f (x)
1
(C) tan ( f (x) ) & f 1 (x) are both continuous (D) tan ( f (x) ) is continuous but is not
f (x)
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  5
sin  x  0
18. Let f(x) =   x  , then (fg)(x) is continuous at x = 0, if g(x) is equal to
 0 x 0

(A) (x2 + 1), x  R (B) n (1 + x), x  (–1, ) (C) cos x, x  R (D) ex, x  R

1 f ( f ( x ))
19. If f(x) = and g(x) = , then the value(s) of x at which g(x) is discontinuous is/are
2x 3f (f ( x ))  1

(A) 1 (B) 3/2 (C) 2 (D) 3

2
x + px + 1 ; x  Q
20. Let f(x) = 2 and f(x) is continuous at x = 1 and x = 2, then
px + 2x + r ; x  Q

(A) p = 2 (B) r = 0 (C) p = 1/2 (D) r = 2

tan 6x
 5

6 tan 5x
if 0x 2

21. The function f(x) =
 b2 if x 2
  a tan x 
1 cosx  b  if  x

VIBRANT ACADEMY
2

Determine the values of 'a' & 'b' , if f is continuous at x = /2.

 ax b,  1  x  0
 e x  1
22. f(x) =   , 0  x  1 . Where [.] denotes the greatest integer function.
 x 
 bx a, 1 x  2

Find values of 'a' and 'b' so that f(x) is continuous for all values of x [–1, 2]

unacademy sin(a 1)xsinx

x
for x0

23. Determine the values of a, b & c for which the function f (x) =  c for x0
 xbx2 1/ 2 x1/ 2 for x0
bx3 / 2
is continuous at x = 0.

sin 3 x  A sin 2 x  B sin x

24. If f(x) = (x 0) is cont. at x = 0. Find A & B. Also find f(0).
x5
3x 2  ax  a  3
25. If the function f (x) = is continuous at x = – 2. Find f (–2).
x2  x  2

ax 2  bx  c, | x |  1
26. f(x) =  . Find the values of a, b, c so that f(x) is continuous for all values of x.
x  3 , | x | 1

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 1sin x
1 cos 2 x
, x  12
 p, x  12 . Determine the value of p, if possible, so that the function is continuous at
27. Let f(x) = 
 2 x 1 1
,x 2
4  2 x 1  2

x=1/2.

1  x , 0  x  2
28. Let f(x) =  . Determine the form of g(x) = f [f(x)] & hence find the point of discontinuity
3  x , 2  x  3
of g , if any.

29. State whether True or False.

1
(i) f(x) = Limit is continuous at x = 1.
n  1  n sin 2  x

x
(ii) The function defined by f(x)= for x  0 & f(0) = 1 is continuous at x = 0.
| x | 2 x 2
 21 /(1 x )
(iii) The function f(x) = 2 if x  1 & f(1) = 1 is not continuous at x = 1.

(iv) There exists a continuous function f: [0, 1] onto [0, 10], but there exists no continuous function

(v)
VIBRANT ACADEMY
g : [0, 1] onto (0, 10).

 
If f (x) is continuous in [0 , 1] & f(x) = 1 for all rational numbers in [0 , 1] then f 1 2 equal to 1.

cos x  sin( x 2)
if x  1
 ( x  1)(3 x 2
 2 x  1) 3 2
(vi) If f (x) = is continuous, then the value of k is .
 32
k if k  1

30.
f in [ – 2, 2 ].
unacademy
If f(x) = x + {-x} + [x] , where [x] is the integral part & {x} is the fractional part of x. Discuss the continuity of

 ax  b for x 1
31. Find the locus of (a, b) for which the function f (x) =  3x for 1  x  2
 2
is continuous at x = 1 but discontinuous at x = 2.  bx  a for x2

 2  cos x 3 
32. The function f(x) =   
 x 3 sin x x 4  is not defined at x = 0. How should the function be defined at
x = 0 to make it continuous at x = 0.

 4 x  5 [x] for x  1
33. Discuss the continuity of f in [0,2] where f(x) =  ; where [x] is the greatest integer
 cos  x for x  1
not greater than x. Also draw the graph.

34. Let f be continuous on the interval [0, 1] to R such that f (0) = f (1). Prove that there exists a point c in
 1  1
0,
 2 such that f (c) = f  c  
   2

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 EXERCISE-II
AIEEE Question :

1  tan x      
1. Let f(x) = ,x ,x 0, 2  . If f(x) is continuous in 0, 2  , then f  4  is- [AIEEE 2004]
4x   4      

(A) 1 (B) 1/2 (C) – 1/2 (D) –1

1 2
2. The function f : R – {0}  R given by f ( x)   can be made continuous at x = 0 by defining f(0) as
x e2x  1
(A) 2 (B) –1 (C) 0 (D) 1 [AIEEE 2007]

3. The value of p and q for which the function [AIEEE 2011]

 sin(p  1)x  sin x

 x0
 x

f(x) =  q , x  0 is continuous for all x  R, are :
 2
 xx – x
 3/2
x0
x

VIBRANT ACADEMY
(A) p =
1
2
,q=
3
2
(B) p =
1
2
,q=–
3
2
(C) p =
5
2
,q=
1
2
(D) p = –
3
2
,q=
1
2

 2x  1 
4. If f : R  R is a function defined by f(x) = [x] cos   , where [x] denotes the greatest integer function,
 2 

then f is : [AIEEE 2012]

(A) continuous for every real x. (B) discontinuous only at x = 0


unacademy
(C) discontinuous only at non-zero integral values of x.

1
(x  1) 2  x , x  1,x  2
(D) continuous only at x = 0

5. Let f(x) =  [IIT Main 2018]

 k ,x  2

The value of k for which f is continuus at x = 2 is :

(A) 1 (B) e (C) e–1 (D) e–2

1 k 1
6. If the function f defined as f(x)   2x , x  0 , is continuous at x = 0, then the ordered pair (k, f(0)) is
x e 1

equal to [IIT Main Online 2018]

1 
(A) (2, 1) (B) (3, 1) (C)  , 2  (D) (3, 2)
3 

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IIT JEE Question :
1. The function f(x) = [x]2  [x2] (where [y] is the greatest integer less than or equal to y), is discontinuous at :
(A) all integers (B) all integers except 0 & 1 [ JEE '99, 2 (out of 200) ]
(C) all integers except 0 (D) all integers except 1

 1/ x
 (1  ax) for x  0
2. Determine the constants a, b & c for which the function f(x) =  b for x  0 is continuous at x = 0.
 (x  c)1/3  1
 1/2 for x  0
 (x  1)  1

[REE '99, 6 ]
3. Discuss the continuity of the function

 e1/(x 1)  2
 , x 1
f(x) =  e1/(x 1)  2
 1, x 1

at x = 1. [REE 2001 (Mains) , 3 out of 100]

4. For every integer n, let an and bn be real numbers. Let function f : R  R be given by [JEE 2012]

VIBRANT ACADEMY an  sin x , for x  [ 2n, 2n  1]

f(x) = b  cos x , for x  (2n  1, 2n) , for all integers n.
 n

If f is continuous , then which of the following hold(s) for all n ?

(A) an–1 – bn–1 = 0 (B) an – bn = 1 (C) an – bn+1 = 1 (D) an–1 – bn = – 1

5. For every pair of continuous functions f, g : [0, 1]  R, such that max {f(x) : x  [0, 1]} =
max{g(x): x  [0, 1]}, the correct statement(s) is(are) : [IIT Advance 2014]
(A) (f(c))2 + 3f(c) = (g(c))2 + 3g(c) for some c  [0, 1]

unacademy
(B) (f(c))2 + f(c) = (g(c))2 + 3g(c) for some c  [0, 1]
(C) (f(c))2 + 3f(c) = (g(c))2 + g(c) for some c  [0, 1]
(D) (f(c))2 = (g(c))2 for some c  [0, 1]

6. Let [x] be the greatest integer less than or equals to x. Then, at which of the following point(s) the function
f(x) = x cos ((x + [x])) is discontinuous? [IIT Advance 2017]
(A) x = 1 (B) x = –1 (C) x = 0 (D) x = 2

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 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE–I
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A
8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. ACD
15. ACD 16. BC 17. CD 18. B 19. BCD 20. BC
21. a = 0 ; b = –1 22. a = 0, b = 1
23. a =  3/2, b  0, c = 1/2 24. A =  4 , B = 5, f(0) = 1
25. –1 26. b = 1 and a, c  R such that a + c = 3
27. P not possible.
28. g(x) = 2 + x for 0  x  1, 2  x for 1 < x  2, 4  x for 2 < x  3 , g is discontinuous at x = 1 & x = 2
29. (i) false ; (ii) false ; (iii) true ; (iv) true; (v) true; (vi) true
30. discontinuous at all integral values in [ 2 , 2]
31. locus (a, b)  x, y is y = x – 3 excluding the points where y = 3 intersects it.

1 1
32. 33. The function f is continuous everywhere in [0 , 2] except for x = 0 , , 1 & 2.
60 2

EXERCISE-II
VIBRANT ACADEMY
AIEEE Answers
1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B
IIT JEE Answers
2 2
1. D 2. a = ln ; b= ; c=1
3 3

3. Discontinuous at x = 1; f(1+) = 1 and f(1–) = –1 4. BD 5. AD 6. A,B,D

unacademy

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