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Solids

The document discusses 15 different types of 3D solids in engineering graphics. It provides definitions and key properties for each solid, including cones, cylinders, cubes, various prisms and pyramids. The solids covered are cone, cylinder, cube, square prism, rectangular pyramid, triangular prism, frustum of a cone, square pyramid, tetrahedron, pentagonal pyramid, hexagonal pyramid, pentagonal prism, hexagonal prism, frustum of a pyramid, and triangular pyramid. For each solid, the document outlines essential geometric attributes like faces, edges, vertices and properties related to shape and symmetry.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
102 views19 pages

Solids

The document discusses 15 different types of 3D solids in engineering graphics. It provides definitions and key properties for each solid, including cones, cylinders, cubes, various prisms and pyramids. The solids covered are cone, cylinder, cube, square prism, rectangular pyramid, triangular prism, frustum of a cone, square pyramid, tetrahedron, pentagonal pyramid, hexagonal pyramid, pentagonal prism, hexagonal prism, frustum of a pyramid, and triangular pyramid. For each solid, the document outlines essential geometric attributes like faces, edges, vertices and properties related to shape and symmetry.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

SOLIDS

Varsheni Padmanabhan
1
CSE C ‘ 61’
15 solids
● CONE ● TETRAHEDRON
● CYLINDER ● PENTAGONAL PYRAMID
● CUBE ● HEXAGONAL PYRAMID
● SQUARE PRISM ● PENTAGONAL PRISM
● RECTANGULAR Pyramid ● HEXAGONAL PRISM
● TRIANGULAR PRISM
● Frustum of a PYRAMID
● FRUSTUM OF A CONE
● SQUARE PYRAMID
● TRIANGULAR PYRAMID

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cone
Properties:
● A cone has a circular or oval base with an apex
(vertex).

● A cone is a rotated triangle.

● A cone has a height and a radius. Apart from the


height, a cone has a slant height, which is the
distance between the apex and any point on the
circumference of the circular base of the cone.

4
cylinder
Properties:
● A cylinder is a 3D shape that has
two circular faces, one at the top
and one at the bottom, and one
curved surface.
● A cylinder has a height and a
radius.
● The height of a cylinder is the
perpendicular distance between the
top and bottom faces.

5
cube
Properties:
● It has all its faces in a square shape.
● All the faces or sides have equal
dimensions.
● The plane angles of the cube are the
right angle.
● Each of the faces meets the other four
faces.
● Each of the vertices meets the three
faces and three edges.
● The edges opposite to each other are
parallel.

6
Square prism
Properties:
● A square prism has 6 faces, 12 edges and 8 vertices.
● Opposite sides of square prisms are parallel to each
other.
● Opposite sides of square prisms are congruent to each
other.
● Opposite angles of square prisms are congruent to each
other.
● Diagonals of square prism bisect each other.
● Consecutive angles of square prisms are supplementary.

7
Rectangular pyramid
Properties:
● A rectangular pyramid has 5 faces, 5 vertices, and 8 edges.
● One face is the rectangle base and 4 are in the shape of a triangle.
● All the triangular faces are congruent to the opposite face.
● One of the vertexes meet at the apex which is right above the base of
the pyramid.
● The vertex is the intersection point between the base and the side and
four edges are the intersection point at the base.

8
Triangular prism
Properties:
● It has a total of 9 edges, 5 faces, and 6 vertices
(which are joined by the rectangular faces).
● It has two triangular bases and three rectangular
sides.
● If the triangular bases are equilateral and the other
faces are squares, instead of a rectangle, then the
triangular prism is said to be semiregular.

9
Frustum of a cone
Properties:
● The frustum of a cone is the part of the cone without vertex when the cone
is divided into two parts with a plane that is parallel to the base of the cone.
Another name for the frustum of a cone is a truncated cone.
● The frustum of a cone doesn't contain the vertex of the corresponding cone
but contains the base of the cone.
● The frustum of a cone is determined by its height and two radii
(corresponding to two bases).
● The height of the frustum of cone is the perpendicular distance between the
centers of the two bases of the frustum.

10
Square pyramid
Properties:
● A square pyramid is a three-dimensional geometric shape
that has a square base and four triangular bases that are
joined at a vertex. It is a polyhedron. (pentahedron) with
five faces.
● It has 5 faces.
● It has 4 side faces that are triangles.
● It has a square base.
● It has 5 vertices.
● It has 8 edges.

11
tetrahedron
Properties:
● It has 4 faces, 6 edges, and 4 vertices (corners).
● In a regular tetrahedron, all four vertices are equidistant from

each other.

● It has 6 planes of symmetry.

● Unlike other platonic solids, it has no parallel faces.

● A regular tetrahedron has four equilateral triangles as its faces.

12
Pentagonal pyramid
Properties:
● A regular pentagonal pyramid has 6 faces(5 equilateral triangles as the
lateral sides and a regular pentagon base).
● There are 6 vertices in a pentagonal pyramid along with 10 edges.
● There are 6 faces in total in any pentagonal pyramid.
● A pentagonal pyramid can also have isosceles triangles as its lateral sides.

13
Hexagonal pyramid
Properties:
● A hexagonal pyramid has the base of a polygon-shaped figure known as a
hexagon.
● There are 7 vertices in total in a hexagonal pyramid where 6 is at the base of
the pyramid and one at the top.
● A hexagonal pyramid has 12 edges i.e. 6 connecting the triangle edges to the
main vertex and the 6 edges of the base.
● In total, a hexagonal pyramid has 7 faces, one for each side of the triangle
along with one base.

14
Pentagonal prism
Properties:
● A pentagonal prism has 15 edges, 7 faces, and 10 vertices.
● The base of a pentagonal prism is in the shape of a pentagon.
● The sides of a pentagonal prism are shaped like a rectangle.
● A pentagonal prism is a type of heptahedron, which is a
polyhedron with seven plane faces.
● A pentagonal prism can also be called a five-sided polygon prism.

15
Hexagonal prism
Properties:
● It has 8 faces, 18 edges, and 12 vertices.
● The top and bottom bases are equal to each other in length.
● The diagonals cross the center point of a regular hexagonal prism
● In a regular hexagonal prism, all the angles of a hexagon are the
same.
● In an irregular hexagonal prism, all the angles of a hexagon are
different.

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Frustum of a pyramid
Properties:
● The slant height of a frustum of a regular pyramid is the altitude of the
face.
● The lateral edges of a frustum of a regular pyramid are equal, and the
faces are equal isosceles trapezoids.
● The bases of a frustum of a regular pyramid are similar regular polygons.
If these polygons become equal, the frustum will become prism.

17
Triangular pyramid
Properties:
● A triangular pyramid has 4 triangular faces, 6 edges, and 4 vertices.
● 3 edges meet at each of its vertex.
● A triangular pyramid has no parallel faces.
● A regular triangular pyramid has equilateral triangles for all its faces.It

has 6 planes of symmetry.

18
Thank you!

19

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