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Module 1
LESSON 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Research
Time Frame: Week 3, September 14 - 18, 2020

Learning Outcome:
After studying this lesson, the students are expected to differentiate quantitative from
qualitative research.
_____________________________________________________________________________
TYPES OF RESEARCH
Let’s unlock these terms:

Qualitative research is a method of inquiry that develops understanding on human and social sciences, to find the way people think
and feel.
Sample Topics:
-Views on virtual graduation -A study of varieties of data storage devices used in your locality.

Quantitative research is a scientific and an empirical research method that is used to generate numerical data, by employing
statistical, logical and mathematical technique.

Sample Topics:
-Studies to develop vaccines for Covid-19 -Efficiency of on-chip communications

Quantitative Versus Qualitative Research

Category QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
-natural setting -measurement setting
-making stories out of a certain phenomenon. -performs measures out of a certain phenomenon.
Data Description -Uses pictures, words, sentences, paragraphs, - Uses numbers, scales, hypotheses, calculations,
compositions, narrations and short stories computations and statistical tools.
Question
Domains How, What, Why Who, What, When , Where

Sample (size) Small judgment sampling (10-50) Large sample representatives of population
(15-200+)
Data Gathering Unstructured or semi structured Standardized /Structured
(flexible processes)

Uses interviews, participant observation, group Uses census, survey questionnaire, checklist,
discussions. paper-pencil test and experimentation.
Ex: Case Study, field research

Uses open ended questions.

Uses closed ended questions. These questions can
It is a freeform survey questions allow a only be answered by selecting from a limited
participant to answer in open-text format, number of options, usually “multiple-choice”, “yes or
responses are unlimited to a set of options. no”, or a rating scale

Example: Example:
Guide questions for the interviews Strongly agree to strongly disagree
In quantitative research closed ended questions
1. What was your experiences during are the basis of all statistical analysis techniques
quarantine period on the COVID-19 pandemic? applied on questionnaires and surveys.
How did you handle the situation caused by the Sample Question:
pandemic? Do you agree on online modality class in
2. Was the support of the National and transitioning to the new normal of education?
Local Government enough for your basic a. Strongly agree
needs? Did they conduct evaluation for those b. Agree
who were affected?
c. Disagree
d. Strongly disagree
Reasoning Inductive Deductive
The researcher starts with the observations, an Starts from a hypothesis or already created theory
open mind without biases, gathering all exact emphasizing the previously researched
details of the topic and generalization or new phenomenon from different views (tested against
Activities theory is given towards the end of the research observations).
process.

Uses both inductive and deductive

They are not mutually exclusive with each other in research.
Data discussions
and Presentation Inductive method or “bottom-up” is used if the researcher starts discussions from the lowest and
highest means then explains the overall mean.

Deductive or “top-down “if discussion is from the overall mean going to the lowest and highest means,
deductive.
 2

Opinions are based on experience or Opinions are based on laws, rules, or other
observation. There are no criteria used in data recognized principles.
discussions.
Non-statistical, thematic. Statistical
Data Analysis
Subjective Objective

Data analysis is influenced by the personal The researcher employs standard criteria in
experiences and views. analyzing data.
Cultivates understanding with high validity. Endorse a development.
Has high output replicability.
Outcome There are no conclusions formulated.
Conclusion is formulated towards the end of the
research process.

Concept Map showing the Designs of Research.

Similarities: Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research

1. Both have the process of inquiry and investigation.

2. Both improve life and help us in understanding various issues of life and in giving solutions to our problems
3. Both start with a problem and end with a new problem.
4. Both use textual forms in analyzing and interpretation of data.
5. Both use inductive and deductive methods of presenting data.

REFERENCES

Cristobal, A.P., Jr, & Cristobal, M.D. (2016). Practical Research 1 for Senior High School. Ist ed.C & E Publishing Inc. Quezon City.

Baraceros, E.L. (2016). Practical Research 1. Ist ed. Rex Book Store. Manila

Del-Rosario-Garcia, M. et al (2017). Practical Research 1. Fastbooks Educational Supply, Inc. Sampaloc, Manila.

Calmorin, L.P. (2016). Research and Thesis Writing with Statistics and Computer Application. Rev.ed.Rex Book Store. Manila.

Fraenkel and Wallen, How To Design And Evaluate Research In Education.

Buenseco, D.B, Dacanay, D.E., Manalo, G.A. (2016).Department of Education Practical Research 1 Teachers Guide .Ist ed. Lexicon Press, Inc.
Pasig City

DEPED. (2020). Practical Research 1 – Grade 11. Alternative Delivery Mode, Quarter 1– Module 1: Nature of Inquiry and Research. First Edition

Accessed: August 2020

https://migomendoza.weebly.com/qualitative-research.html

Abdullah, S.N. (2018).Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research [PowerPoint slides].Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu./ppt

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4453117/ Retrieved: September, 2020

Surbhi S. (2016). Difference Between Qualitative and Quantitative Research.

https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-qualitative-and-quantitative-research.html Retrieved : Sept., 2020