Manual Photomatix Pro Win
Manual Photomatix Pro Win
5 User Manual
Introduction
Photomatix Pro processes multiple photographs of a high contrast scene into a single image
with details in both highlights and shadows.
This manual offers step-by-step instructions for using the main features of the Photomatix Pro
software. The first section offers tips for taking photographs intended for High Dynamic Range
(HDR) processing. The second section describes how to create HDR images and process them
through tone mapping. The third section deals with the Exposure Blending functions, and the
fourth section with the Batch Processing tool.
Table of Contents
Section 1: Tips for taking photographs intended for HDR processing..............................1
Automatic Exposure Bracketing (AEB) for DSLR and compact digital cameras...................1
Manual Exposure Bracketing with Compact Digital Cameras................................................3
Film photo techniques for creating HDR source images.........................................................3
Photographs can be made with digital or film-based cameras. The only requirement is that the
exposure can be adjusted when taking pictures. If you use a film-based camera, you will need
to scan them into your computer before processing them. Photomatix Pro can merge image
files saved in JPEG, 8-bit or 16-bit TIFF, and PSD formats. It can also create HDR images from
the RAW files of several camera models.
There are two pieces of universal advice for creating differently exposed source images:
1) Make sure to take a sufficient number of exposures to properly cover the dynamic
range of the scene, from the darkest shadows to the brightest highlights.
2) Use a sturdy tripod to keep your images perfectly aligned. Photomatix Pro
incorporates Image Alignment functions, but using a tripod is still recommended.
Automatic Exposure Bracketing (AEB) for DSLR and compact digital cameras
Shoot with available light whenever possible. The flash may try to balance the exposure
of all the images, when a range of exposures is the goal.
Select a low ISO to minimize image noise.
Select Continuous shooting mode on the camera’s drive setting to ensure that the
bracketed photos will be captured with a single depression of the shutter button. Consult
your camera manual for model-specific instructions on using this setting.
If possible, use the camera’s self-timer setting, or a cable release to minimize camera
shake.
Set your camera to Aperture priority (A setting) so that only the shutter speed varies
between the exposures.
Set the camera to Auto Exposure Bracketing (AEB), which takes several photographs of
a scene in a row: one at the proper exposure, one or more underexposed, and one or
more overexposed.
o Most cameras allow to select the amount of over/under exposure in one-third or
one-half increments. The suggested exposure increment is +/- 2 for optimal
exposure range. If your camera does not offer +/- 2 exposure increment, select
the maximum possible. Consult the camera manual for model-specific
instructions on choosing this setting.
DSLR LCD window showing AEB icon with +/-2 increments selected.
After capturing the bracketed images, check the histogram previews in playback
mode to ensure that you have captured an adequate range of exposures.
It is important to remember that the number of exposures needed depends on the dynamic
range of the scene, in addition to the exposure increment. For most outdoor scenes, three
exposures taken at +/- 2 exposure increment will be sufficient, provided the scene does not
include the sun. However, for the interior of a room with a bright view out of the window, you will
need at least five images taken with an exposure increment of +/- 2, or 9 images taken with an
exposure increment of +/- 1.
In scenes with extreme differences between light and dark details, manual exposure bracketing
over a greater exposure value range may provide better source images than Auto Exposure
Bracketing, and it is the only option if your camera does not automatic bracketing over a wide
enough range to cover your scene. The following suggestions will help you to take optimal
pictures using manual exposure bracketing.
Choose a low ISO to minimize noise and make the highest quality source images.
Keep a constant aperture and ISO. Control image exposure by changing the shutter
speed in full-stop increments. When taking pictures use either the A or M setting
which both allow you to fix the aperture.
Shoot a series of images starting with your brightest image elements (highlights)
being slightly underexposed (see figure 2.1 below) to the darkest image elements
(shadows) being slightly overexposed (see figure 2.2 below). You may or may not
want or need to use every exposure in the series for HDR processing, but it is easier
to delete a picture at processing time than to return to a location to take additional
images. Experiment with different combinations of the bracketed source images in
Photomatix Pro to achieve your desired effect.
Check your DSLR's Histogram preview in playback mode to ensure that you have
captured the entire tonal range of the image. You should have at least one picture
without a large peak at the left side of the histogram and one picture without a large
peak at the right side of the image.
Self-timer mode, a cable release, and mirror lock-up options, if available, will help
minimize any camera shake, especially for exposures slower than 1/15 second.
If your compact camera does not have an AEB setting or allow you to set the exposure
manually, you can use the exposure compensation setting to manually bracket. The series
below shows the same scene captured at -2, 0 and +2.
LCD display
Turn off your scanner's auto-exposure options, so that you are manually controlling the
exposure.
Make sure to select the Align images option in Photomatix Pro when combining your
images.
Creating images that display the High Dynamic Range captured by photographs taken under
different exposure settings is a two-step process:
The first step is to merge your differently exposed photographs into a single 32-bit
HDR image. Because of its high dynamic range, a true 32-bit HDR image will not
display properly on conventional monitors.
In the second step, this 32-bit HDR image is then processed, or ‘developed,’ via the
Tone Mapping tool. This tool will 'reveal' the dynamic range captured in the HDR
image and produce an image which can be properly displayed on conventional
monitors and printed.
The order of files in a bracketing sequence is not important. Photomatix Pro will
systematically sort the image files based on exposure information retrieved from the
EXIF data, or their relative brightness levels when the exposure information is not
available.
Step 1A: Use the HDR>Generate HDR menu. The “Generate HDR – Specifying source images”
window will display.
If your source images are large TIFF files, use instead Batch Processing to generate
the HDR image. Batch Processing includes an option, called “strip-by-strip processing”,
that lets you create HDR images from large source images in TIFF format without
exceeding the available memory (RAM).
Step 1B: Click Browse. The “Select differently exposed images” window will display to allow you
to select the source images to be combined.
Step 1C: Highlight the images taken under different exposures that you wish to use for HDR
Generation. Then click OK. The selected image files will be listed on the “Generate HDR-
Specifying source images”.
Photomatix Pro can generate an HDR image from 8-bit, 16-bit and RAW source files.
Supported file types include JPEG, TIFF, and RAW files from Canon, Nikon, Fuji,
Olympus, Kodak, Minolta, Sony, Pentax, Panasonic and Leaf, as well as DNG files.
If the exposure information can not be found in the meta data, or if two or more
source images share the same exposure information, Photomatix will show a window
where you can input the relative Exposure Values for each one of your images. This
window will also show if two or more source images have the same exposure setting.
The “Generate HDR- Options for merging source images to HDR” window will appear.
The above window is for the case when the source images are JPEG, TIFF or PSD files. When
they are RAW files, the window will display slightly differently (see screenshot on the next page).
Step 1E: Check the desired options on the “Generate HDR - Options” window.
The “Align source images” option is checked by default. This option corrects for misalignment
problems if the camera moved slightly between the bracketed frames, which may happen even
when shooting with the aid of a tripod.
If the scene has moving objects and you find the resulting 'ghosts' are not desirable, then check
“Attempt to reduce ghosting artifacts” with the option “Moving objects/people” selected. If there
are elements in the scene that follow a rhythmic pattern (flowing water for instance) oscillating
between shadows and highlights, then select the option “Ripples” instead. In both cases, first try
leaving the Detection option set to Normal. If you find that the resulting HDR image still shows
too much ghosting, then try again with the option set to High.
Only check the “Attempt to reduce ghosting artifacts” option if it is needed. Checking it in other
cases will lower the quality of the resulting HDR image.
When the images are scanned films or taken with a compact camera, it may be worthwhile
checking the option “Attempt to reverse-engineer tone curve applied”.
If your source images are 16-bit TIFF files that have been converted from RAW files with a
special option in the RAW converter to leave the image in linear space, then check the option
“No tone curve applied – pixel values are linear”. Only check this option, though, if you are
100% sure that the tonal values of the image are linear relative to the values of light captured.
Please note that the terminology linear may be used with a different meaning depending on the
RAW converter (in Adobe Camera RAW for instance, linear is relative to the Adobe RGB color
space and not to the values of light).
It is important to note that the selected color space is used for its color primaries only, and not
for its tone reproduction curve. Since the HDR image values are in linear space, they do not
have a tone curve. The tone curve of the profile associated with the image will only be applied
during the tone mapping step, and not to the HDR image itself.
A progress bar will display in the “Generate HDR –Options” window. Once the HDR is
generated, the HDR image and the HDR Viewer window will display on-screen.
Saving the 32-bit HDR image at this point will allow you to apply different Tone
Mapping settings to the HDR source image without repeatedly following the “Generate
HDR” procedure. However, note that the color profile information of the source images
will not be preserved once the HDR image has been saved as Radiance or OpenEXR
file.
Photomatix Pro allows you to create a 32-bit HDR image from a single RAW file. To do
this, open one RAW file using File->Open, and Photomatix will convert it into a pseudo-
HDR image. However, it is important to note that an image created with a single RAW file
can not really be considered High Dynamic Range. It is a rather a pseudo-HDR image.
The important characteristic of this pseudo-HDR image is that it is unprocessed. Its
dynamic range, however, is not much larger than the range of an already converted file.
The generated HDR image can not be represented properly on screen without further
processing. An unprocessed HDR image is somewhat similar to a film negative or the RAW file
of a digital camera. It needs further processing for display or printing. In Photomatix Pro, this
processing is called Tone Mapping.
There are two tone mapping methods for processing the HDR image: Details Enhancer and
Tone Compressor.
Step 2A: Select the HDR>Tone Mapping menu to launch the Tone Mapping tool for the active
open HDR image. If you have used the HDR>Generate menu to create a new HDR source
image, it will be the active image. Otherwise, open a saved HDR image via the File>Open
menu.
Step 2B: Use the slider controls to adjust the image. The preview on the right provides an
approximation of what the image will look like once Details Enhancer is applied to the entire
HDR source image. Note that, in the case of the Details Enhancer tone mapping method, the
preview is not always an accurate representation of the final tone mapped image.
General adjustments:
Strength: Controls the strength of contrast enhancements. A value of 100 gives the
maximum increase in both local and global contrast enhancements.
Color Saturation: Controls the saturation of the RGB color channels. The greater
the saturation, the more intense the color. A value of zero produces a grayscale
image. The value affects each color channel equally.
Light Smoothing: Controls smoothing of light variations throughout the image. A
higher value tends to reduce halos and give a more natural look to the resulting
image. A lower value tends to increase sharpness.
Luminosity: Controls the compression of the tonal range, which has the effect of
adjusting the global luminosity level. Moving the slider to the right has the effect of
boosting shadow details and brightening the image. Moving it to the left gives a more
natural look to the resulting image.
Tone adjustments:
White Point - Black Point: Both sliders control how the minimum and maximum
values of the tone mapped image are set. Moving the sliders to the right increases
global contrast. Moving them to the left reduces clipping at the extremes. The White
Point slider sets the value for the maximum of the tone mapped image (pure white or
level 255). The Black Point slider sets the value for the minimum of the tone mapped
image (pure black or level 0).
Gamma: adjusts the mid-tone of the tone mapped image, brightening or darkening
the image globally.
Color adjustments:
Color Temperature: Adjusts the color temperature of the tone mapped image
relative to the temperature of the HDR source image. Moving the slider to the right
gives a “warmer”, more yellow-orange colored look. Moving the slider to the left gives
a “colder” more bluish look. A value of zero preserves the original color temperature
of the HDR source image.
Saturation Highlights: Adjusts the color saturation of the highlights relative to the
color saturation set with the Color Saturation slider. Values higher than zero increase
the color saturation in the highlights, values lower than zero decrease it.
Saturation Shadows: Adjusts the color saturation of the shadows relative to the
color saturation set with the Color Saturation slider. Values higher than zero increase
the color saturation in the shadows, values lower than zero decrease it.
Micro adjustments:
Microcontrast: Sets the level of accentuation of local details.
Micro-smoothing: Smoothes out local detail enhancements. This has the effect of
reducing noise in the sky for instance, and tends to give a "cleaner" look to the
resulting image.
Important note: The 100% magnification view (displayed when clicking on the
preview) may not properly show the effect of this setting when the area magnified
is uniform. If you want, for instance, to see the effect of the micro-smoothing
setting at 100% resolution on a uniform area such as the sky, you will have to
select an area that contains an object in the scene in addition to the sky.
Shadows/Highlights adjustments:
Highlights Smoothing: Reduces the contrast enhancements in the highlights. The
value of the slider sets how much of the highlights range is affected. This control is
useful to prevents white highlights from turning grey, or uniform light blue skies
becoming dark blue-grey. It is also useful in helping to reduce halos around objects
placed against bright backgrounds.
Shadows Smoothing: Reduces the contrast enhancements in the shadows. The
value of the slider sets how much of the shadows range is affected.
Shadows Clipping: Controls the clipping of the shadows. The value of the slider
sets how much of the shadows range is clipped. This control is useful to cut out
noise in the dark area of a photo taken under low-light situation.
Other setting:
360º image: This option needs to be checked when the image processed is an
equirectangular image intended to be viewed as a 360º panorama. This is because
Details Enhancer takes into account local contrast and will assign different tonal
values to the 360º seams of the panorama. This will produce a visible seam once the
resulting image is rendered in a panorama viewer. Checking this option will correct
for this.
The 360º image option should only be checked for equirectangular 360º
images. Checking it in other cases may produce less optimal results.
Checking the 360º image option increases the amount of memory necessary
to process the image by more than 50%. Processing times will also be
increased.
Step 2C: Once you are satisfied with the results of the Details Enhancer adjustments, select a
bit depth for the tone mapped image. A value of 8 means 8 bits per color channel and will allow
you to save the image as JPEG or 8-bit TIFF file. A value of 16 means 16 bits per color channel
and will provide a higher precision at the expense of a larger file size on disk.
HDR>Undo Tone Mapping will undo the tone mapping settings applied to the original
HDR image. The tone mapped image will revert to a 32-bit HDR image which can then be
tone mapped again.
Step 2D: Save the resultant file using the File>Save menu. You can rename the file and change
the save location and file type, if desired. HDR>Save settings will save the applied tone
mapping settings as an .xmp file so you can easily reproduce the same Tone Mapping process
in the future.
If you are tone mapping a large HDR image file (more than 40 MegaPixels for
instance), do not open the HDR image in Photomatix Pro. Instead, click on HDR>Large
File Processing and load the HDR image file from there. You will get the same tone
mapping window and the preview as shown above. The only difference is that the 100%
magnification view will not be enabled.
The Tone Mapping window offers additional settings, which are explained after tone
mapping with Tone Compressor instructions on page 17.
In the example above, the HDR image was generated from these three source images.
Step 2B: From the Tone Mapping window, select the Tone Compressor option button.
Step 2C: Use the slider controls to adjust the image. The preview on the right provides a view of
what the image will look like once Tone Compressor is applied to the entire HDR source image.
Step 2D: Once you are satisfied with the results of the Tone Compressor adjustments, select a
bit depth and click Apply to create the tone mapped image.
HDR>Undo Tone Mapping will undo the tone mapping settings applied to the original
HDR image. The tone mapped image will revert to a 32-bit HDR image which can then be
tone mapped again.
Step 2E: Save the resultant file using the File>Save menu. You can rename the file and change
the save location and file type, if desired. HDR>Save settings will save the applied tone
mapping settings as an .xmp file so you can easily reproduce the same Tone Mapping process
in the future.
Preview: Photomatix Pro offers three preview sizes: 512, 768 and 1024. A size of
1024, for instance, means that the preview will be 1024 pixels wide for an image in
landscape mode, and 1024 high for an image in portrait mode. Select the radio
button for desired size.
Click the mouse on the preview to zoom in to 100% magnification. Click the
mouse again to return to full image preview.
Previous, Load, Default, Save, Undo Last Setting, Redo Last Setting: These six
buttons allow you to use pre-set values for the Tone Mapping settings. Previous
reverts to the settings that were used the last time you use the Tone Mapping tool.
Default resets the settings to their default values. Save allows to save the settings to
an XMP file that you can later re-use. Load allows to load previously saved settings
from an XMP file. Undo and Redo last settings allow for quick switching between the
current and previous settings done on the Tone Mapping window.
If you save the tone mapped image as a TIFF file, the tone mapping settings will be
automatically embedded as XMP metadata in the TIFF file. If you open the file in
Photoshop, you can then view the tone mapping settings under File->Info->Advanced.
Bit Depth output image: 8-bit is the program’s default and will allow you to save the
tone mapped image as JPEG or 8-bit TIFF. Select 16-bit for a tone mapped image
with 16 bits per color channel that you can later save as 16-bit TIFF file. The default
bit depth can be changed under the Tone Mapping tab of Default Options which can
be accessed from the View menu.
When the bit depth of the output image is 8-bit, the default lfi e format for saving
the image will be set to JPEG. You can change it to TIFF instead using the Default
Options dialog.
In addition to the two-step HDR processing described in the previous pages, Photomatix Pro
also offers several single-step exposure blending methods that combine differently exposed
images to show detail in both shadows and highlights.
The Exposure blending methods work either with Batch Processing (section 4) or
via the Combine menu with opened images. It is recommended that you use the Batch
Processing functionality, particularly with large files.
These blending methods combine differently exposed photographs into a single image using the
existing shadow and highlight detail from the source images to make a single final ‘blended’
image with an expanded tonal range. Here are some limitations to keep in mind.
The blending methods do not process RAW files.
The Highlights & Shadows – Intensive method only supports 8-bit images.
There is no limit to the number of source images you can blend, except when using the
method Highlights & Shadows – 2 images, which can only blend two photographs and is
not available with Batch Processing.
The remainder of this section details the Exposure Blending method Highlights & Shadows –
Adjust used via the Combine menu. For Exposure Blending via Batch Processing, please refer
to section 4.
Step 1: Open your source images into Photomatix Pro via the File>Open menu. (Use the Shift
or Command key select and open multiple files at once.)
Step 2: Select Combine>Highlights & Shadows – Adjust. A preview window will display the
exposure blending of your opened source images.
The sliders to the left of and below the preview move the image section in the
preview window. Click Zoom Out for a full image preview.
Blending Point: Moving this slider to the right favors the overexposed images. Moving
it to the left favors the underexposed images.
Radius: Moving this slider to the right increases sharpness and blending accuracy.
Moving it to the left reduces halo artifacts.
Step 4: Click OK. Photomatix Pro will output an Exposure Blended file titled “Highlights &
Shadows - Adjust”.
Step 5: File>Save will save your image. You can rename the file and change the save location
and file type, if desired.
The files to be processed are selected alphabetically. Ensure that the files are named
in a logical alphabetical manner if you have multiple file sets in one folder.
Photomatix Pro can process subfolders with different numbers of source images in
each folder, and can filter files by file type.
It is important to note that when you are processing different sets of source images in
a single folder, each set must contain the same number of source images. If each set
contains a different number of source images, you will need to place them into separate
folders and select the All option for the number of files to process.
Step 2: Select the processes to be automated. At least one option described below (Options A-
G) must be selected to run the Batch Processor.
Check this option if you want to create a 32-bit HDR image. Click the Settings button to open an
option window.
If the source images are large TIFF files, check the option “Process strip by strip”. With this
option, the HDR image file will be created in several passes, processing and loading only one
strip of each image into memory at a time. One strip is composed of a limited number of rows
set to not exceed around 512 MB of RAM once loaded. This option is particularly useful when
processing large panoramas.
If the source images are RAW files, White Balance and Color Primaries may be selected.
Please refer to step 1E under the HDR Generation chapter of section 2 for details on those
settings.
Check this option if you want to automatically tone map the HDR image with the Details
Enhancer method. Click the Settings button to open a window which allows you to adjust the
Details Enhancer settings (described in Section 2). You may load settings which were saved in
an XMP file in this window.
When the option Save is checked, the settings will be saved in an XMP file alongside the tone
mapped images. This option is checked by default.
Check this option is you want to automatically tone map the HDR image with the Tone
Compressor method. Click the Settings button to open a window which allows you to adjust the
Tone Compressor settings (described in Section 2). You may load settings which were saved in
an XMP file in this window.
Batch Processing lets you tone map your HDR images with Details Enhancer and
Tone Compressor simultaneously.
Option D: Average
Check this option if you want to combine the source images using the average method.
Check this option if you want to combine the source images with the exposure blending method
Highlights & Shadows – Auto.
Check this option if you want to combine the source images with the exposure blending method
Highlights & Shadows – Intensive Light/Enhanced
This exposure blending method can only process 8-bit source images.
Selecting this option will prompt a warning window when you click Run indicating that
this exposure blending method will take a long time to process.
All should only be selected if you are using the Process Subfolders option, or if the folder
processed contains only one set of bracketed exposures. When All is selected, Photomatix will
attempt to process all images in each folder, so it is important that only one set of source
images be in each subfolder.
It is possible to Batch Process multiple series of source images with varying numbers
of source images, if each series is in its own subfolder, and All is selected.
If all source images from multiple series are in a single folder, each series must have
the same number of source images. Images are processed alphabetically, so each
series should be assigned a logical naming method. For example: A_Castle1.jpg,
A_Castle2.jpg, A_Castle3.jpg followed by B_Sunrise1.jpg, B_Sunrise2.jpg,
B_Sunrise3.jpg.
Step 4: Check Align Images, if necessary, to correct for slight camera movement between
source photographs.
When Align images is checked, the images will be cropped after alignment in order to remove
invalid areas on the edge due to the correction for mis-alignment shifts. If you want to skip the
cropping, then check the Don't crop option. This option may be useful if you are processing
images intended to be stitched together to create a panorama.
Select the source file folder from the list of folders in the source section.
If you want to batch process several folders, then check the Process Subfolders option.
Use Process Subfolders if you have multiple series of source images which vary in
the number of source images they contain. The Batch Processing can process series
with varying numbers of source images if each series is in its own subfolder and All is
selected.
Select a file type from the Filter by File Type dropdown, if necessary. Options are: All, TIFF,
JPEG, PSD and RAW.
This option is useful if a source folder contains RAW+JPEG from a camera, and you
are processing only one file type.
By default, Same as source is selected. With this option, the Batch Processing will save the
resulting images in a subfolder within the source folder. The resulting folder will be prefixed by
‘PhotomatixResult’. Checking Select allows you to select a specific (different) location on your
computer.
Select a file type for saving, JPEG or TIFF. If JPEG is selected, select a JPEG Quality, from 10-
100. If applicable, select an HDR file type for saving the HDR image file: Radiance RGBE or
OpenEXR. If you want to save only the Tone Mapping results and not the 32-bit HDR image,
check Remove generated HDR image after processing.
Start with Set Number or Start with Filename of first image in the set are the main
options. Start with Set number will yield long names such as:
Set01Enhancer3from_IMG_3421.jpg. Checking Use shortened version will yield shorter
names that do not reference the source files: Set01Enhancer.jpg, for example. Start with
Filename of first image in the set yields file names that start with the first image in the
set: IMG_3431_2_3Enhancer.jpg, for example. Suffix (optional) will append additional
file name information to the end of the assigned file names.
The window below the Run button will show the status of each process in real time.