42 CHAPTER 3 COMPLEX NUMBERS

__ __
E/P 8 z = √6 + i√2
a Find the modulus and argument of z. (2 marks)
b Find the values of w such that w3 = z4, giving your answers in the form reiθ, where r . 0
and −π , θ < π. (4 marks)

P 9 a Solve the equation

Problem-solving
1 + z + z2 + z3 + z4 + z5 + z6 + z7 = 0
1 + z + z2 + z3 + … + z7 is the sum
b Hence deduce that (z2 + 1) and (z4 + 1) are factors of of a geometric series.
1 + z + z2 + z3 + z4 + z5 + z6 + z7.

Challenge
a Find the six roots of the equation z6 = 1 in the form eiθ,
where −π , θ < π.
b Hence show that the solutions to (z + 1)6 = z6 are
z = − _12 + _12 i cot (___), k = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
kπ
6

Chapter review 3

1 a Use eiθ = cos θ + i sin θ to show that cos θ = _2 (e iθ + e −iθ)

1
P
Sample material. Not for resale, circulation or distribution in whole or in part. © Pearson 2020.

cos (A + B) + cos (A − B)
b Hence prove that cos A cos B ≡ ______________________
2
E/P 2 Given that z = r(cos θ + i sin θ), r ∈ ℝ, prove by induction that zn = rn(cos nθ + i sin nθ), n ∈ ℤ +.
(5 marks)
(cos 3x + i sin 3x) 2
3 Express ________________ in the form cos nx + i sin nx where n is an integer to be determined.
cos x − i sin x
4 Use de Moivre’s theorem to evaluate:
1
a (−1 + i)8 b _________
(2$ − _12i )16
_
1

1
E/P 5 a Given z = cos θ + i sin θ, use de Moivre’s theorem to show that zn+ __n = 2 cos nθ. (4 marks)
z
(1 3
)
b Express z$ 2 + __2 in terms of cos 6θ and cos 2θ.
z
(3 marks)

c Hence, or otherwise, find constants a and b such that cos3 2θ = a cos 6θ + b cos 2θ. (3 marks)
π
∫
__ __
6
d Hence, or otherwise, show that cos3 2θ dθ = k√3$ , where k is a rational constant. (4 marks)
0

M03_IAL_FP2_44655_U03_022-045.indd 42 25/04/2019 08:56

 COMPLEX NUMBERS CHAPTER 3 43

E/P 6 a Show that

cos 5 θ ≡ __
1
16 cos 5θ + 5 cos 3θ + 10 cos θ
( ) (5 marks)
π
__ π
__
The diagram shows the curve with equation y = cos5 x, – < x < . The finite region R is
2 2
bounded by the curve and the x-axis.
y
1

y = cos5 x
R

O x

b Calculate the exact area of R. (6 marks)

E/P 7 a Show that

sin6 θ ≡ − __
1
(
32 cos 6θ − 6 cos 4θ + 15 cos 2θ − 10
) (5 marks)
π
b Using the substitution α = (__ − θ), or otherwise, find a similar identity for cos6 θ. (3 marks)
2

c Given that ∫ (cos 6 θ + sin 6 θ ) dθ = ___ , find the exact value of a.
a
5π
(5 marks)
0 32
Sample material. Not for resale, circulation or distribution in whole or in part. © Pearson 2020.

E/P 8 Use de Moivre’s theorem to show that

sin 6θ ≡ sin 2θ (16 cos4 θ − 16 cos2 θ + 3) (5 marks)

E/P 9 a Use de Moivre’s theorem to show that

cos 5θ ≡ 16 cos5 θ − 20 cos3 θ + 5 cos θ (5 marks)
b Hence find all solutions to the equation
16x5 − 20x3 + 5x + 1 = 0
giving your answers to 3 decimal places where necessary. (5 marks)

E/P 10 a Show that

sin5 θ ≡ __
1
16 sin 5θ − 5 sin 3θ + 10 sin θ
( ) (5 marks)
b Hence solve the equation
sin 5θ − 5 sin 3θ + 9 sin θ = 0 for 0 < θ , π (4 marks)

E/P 11 a Use de Moivre’s theorem to show that cos 5θ ≡ cos θ (16 cos4 θ − 20 cos2 θ + 5) (5 marks)
__
π 5 + √5
b By solving the equation cos 5θ = 0, deduce that cos2 ___
$
10 ( )
= ______
8
(4 marks)

3π
c Hence, or otherwise, write down the exact values of cos2 ___
7π
$ , cos2 ___
10
$
10 ( )
and ( )
( )
9π
___
cos2 $ .
10
(3 marks)

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