Find the slope m of the tangent to the given curve at the given point on the curve.

1 y = 3x2 – 5x + 2 at x = 1
ANSWER: m = 1
[dy/dx = 6x – 5, at x = 1, m = 6 – 5 = 1]

2 y = x3 – x2 - 3x at x = 2
ANSWER: m = 5
[dy/dx = 3x2 – 2x – 3, at x = 2, m = 3(4) – 2(2) – 3 = 12 - 7 = 5]

3 y = x4 – 3x2 + 2x at x = 1
ANSWER: m = 0
[dy/dx = 4x3 – 6x + 2, at x = 1, m = 4 – 6 + 2 = 0]

Differentiate the rational function with respect to x.

1 y = x/(x + 1)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 1/(x + 1)2
[dy/dx = ((x + 1) – x)/(x + 1)2 = 1/(x + 1)2]

2 y = (x – 2)/(x + 2)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 4/(x + 2)2
[ dy/dx = ((x + 2) – (x – 2))/(x + 2)2 = 4/(x + 2)2

3 y = (2x – 1)/(2x + 1)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 4/(2x + 1)2
[ dy/dx = (2(2x + 1) – 2(2x – 1))/(2x + 1)2 = 4/(2x + 1)2]

Find dy/dx if

1 x2 + xy – y2 = 9
ANSWER: dy/dx = (2x + y)/(2y – x)
[2x + y + xdy/dx -2ydy/dx = 0, dy/dx(2y – x) = (2x + y), dy/dx = (2x + y)/(2y –
x)]

2 2x2 – xy + y2 = 6
ANSWER: dy/dx = (4x – y)/(x – 2y)
[ 4x – y – xdy/dx + 2ydy/dx = 0, dy/dx(x – 2y) = (4x – y), dy/dx = (4x – y)/(x –
2y)]
3 x2 + xy – 3y2 = 10
ANSWER: dy/dx = (2x + y)/(6y – x)
[2x + y + xdy/dx – 6ydy/dx = 0, dy/dx(6y – x) = (2x + y), dy/dx = (2x + y)/(6y –
x)]

Evaluate the limit

1
[(x + 2)(x2 – 2x + 4)/(x + 2) = (x2 – 2x + 4), Lim = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12]
ANSWER: 12

2
[(x – 3)(x2 + 3x + 9)/(x – 3) = x2 + 3x + 9 , hence limit = 9 + 9 + 9 = 27]
ANSWER: 27

3
[(x + 1)(x2 – x + 1)/(x + 1) = (x2 – x + 1), hence limit = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3]
ANSWER: 3

Differentiate the given function with respect to x.

1 y = (2x + 1)6
ANSWER: dy/dx = 12(2x + 1)5

2 y = (3 – 2x)-6
ANSWER: dy/dx = 12(3 – 2x)-7
[ dy/dx = -6(-2)(3 – 2x)-7 = 12(3 – 2x)-7]

3 y = (x2 – 2x)8
ANSWER: dy/dx = 16(x – 1)(x2 – 2x)7
[ dy/dx = 8(2x – 2)(x2 – 2x)7 = 16(x – 1)(x2 – 2x)7 Use chain rule]

Find the coordinates of the point on the given curve at which its gradient m has the
given value
1 y = x2 – x + 3, and m = 1
ANSWER: (1, 3)
[ dy/dx = 2x – 1 = 1, x = 1 and y = 1 – 1 + 3 = 3, hence (1, 3)]

2 y = x2 + 2/x, and m = 0
ANSWER: (1, 3)
[ dy/dx = 2x – 2/x2 = 0, x3 = 1, x = 1, y = 1 + 2 = 3, hence (1, 3)]

3 y = x2 – 2x – 15, and m = 2
ANSWER: (2, - 15)
[ dy/dx = 2x - 2 = 2, x = 2, y = 4 – 4 – 15 = -15, hence (2, -15)]

Find dy/dx from the implicit equation

1 x3 + 3x2y – y3 = 10
ANSWER: dy/dx = (x2 + 2xy)/(y2 – x2)
[3x2 + 6xy + 3x2dy/dx – 3y2dy/dx = 0, dy/dx = (3x2 + 6xy)/(3y2 – 3x2)]

2 x3 – 2xy + 2y3 = 15
ANSWER: dy/dx = (3x2 – 2y)/(2x – 6y2)
[ 3x2 – 2y – 2xdy/dx + 6y2dy/dx = 0, dy/dx = (3x2 – 2y)/(2x – 6y2)]

3 2x3 + xy – 3y2 = 18
ANSWER: dy/dx = (6x2 + y)/(6y – x)
[ 6x2 + y + xdy/dx – 6ydy/dx = 0, dy/dx = (6x2 + y)/(6y – x)]

Find the set of values of x for which the given function

1 f(x) = 3x2 – 6x + 6 is increasing

ANSWER: {x : x > 1}
[df/dx = 6x – 6 > 0, hence x > 1]

2 f(x) = x2 + 5x – 6 is decreasing
ANSWER: {x : x < -5/2}
[df/dx = 2x + 5 < 0, hence x < -5/2]

3 f(x) = 4x2 – 15x + 7 is increasing

ANSWER: {x : x > 15/8}
[ df/dx = 8x – 15 > 0, hence x > 15/8]
Find the x-ordinates of the stationary points of the given function

1 y = x3 – 12x + 8
ANSWER: x = ± 2
[dy/dx = 3x2 – 12 = 0, x2 = 4, hence x = ± 2]

2 y = 2x3 – 6x + 10
ANSWER: x = ± 1
[dy/dx = 6x2 - 6 = 0, x2 = 1, hence x = ± 1]

3 y = 2x3 + 3x2 – 36
ANSWER: x = 0, -1
[ dy/dx = 6x2 + 6x = 0, x(x + 1) = 0, x = 0, -1,]

Differentiate the given function with respect to x

1 y = x3(x + 2x-1)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 4x3 + 4x
[y = x4 + 2x2, dy/dx = 4x3 + 4x]

2 y = (x4 + 3x)/x2
ANSWER: dy/dx = 2x - 3x-2
[y = x2 + 3x-1, dy/dx = 2x - 3x-2]

3 y = (x5 + x-1)/x2
ANSWER: dy/dx = 3x2 - 3x-4
[y = x3 + x-3, dy/dx = 3x2 - 3x-4]

Find the x values of the stationary points of the given curve.

1 y = 2x3 - 3x2 – 36x + 10

ANSWER: x = 3, -2
[ dy/dx = 6x2 – 6x – 36 = 0, x2 - x – 6 = (x – 3)(x + 2) = 0, x = 3, -2 ]

2 y = 2x3 – 6x + 15
ANSWER: x = ± 1
[dy/dx= 6x2 – 6 = 0, x2 = 1, x = ± 1 ]

3 y = 2x3 – 5x2 – 4x + 7
ANSWER: x = 2, -1/3
[dy/dx = 6x2 – 10x – 4 = 0, 3x2 – 5x – 2 = 0, (x - 2)(3x + 1) = 0, x = 2, -1/3 ]

Find the equation of the tangent to the given curve at the given point on the curve.

1 y = x – 1/x, at x = -1
ANSWER: y = 2x + 2
[dy/dx = 1 + 1/x2, at x = -1, y = 0, and m = 2, y - 0 = 2(x + 1), y = 2x + 2

2 y = x2 – 1/x2, at x = -1
ANSWER: y = - 4x – 4, or y = -(4x + 4)
[dy/dx = 2x + 2/x3, at x = -1, y = 0 and m = -4, y = -4(x + 1), y = -4x - 4]

3 y = x2 - 2/x, at x = -1
ANSWER: y = 3
[dy/dx = 2x + 2/x2, at x = -1, y = 3 and m = 0, (y - 3) = 0(x + 1), y = 3]

Find y in terms of x given that

1. dy/dx = 3x2 – 4x and y = 3 for x = 1

ANSWER: y = x3 – 2x2 + 4
[ y = x3 – 2x2 + C, 3 = 1 – 2 + C, C = 4, y = x3 – 2x2 + 4]

2. dy/dx = 1/x2 + 1 and y = 0 for x = 1

ANSWER: y = x – 1/x
[ y = -1/x + x + C, 0 = -1 + 1 + C , C = 0, y = x – 1/x ]

3. dy/dx = 3x2 – 1/x2 and y = 4 for x = 1

ANSWER: y = x3 + 1/x +2
[ y = x3 + 1/x + C, 4 = 1 + 1 + C, C = 2, y = x3 + 1/x + 2]

1. Given the function y = 2x2 – 3x - 3, find dy/dx at x = 1

ANSWER: dy/dx = 1 [dy/dx = 4x – 3; at x = 1, dy/dx = 4 – 3 = 1]

2. Given that y = x2 – 1/x2, find dy/dx at x = 1.

ANSWER: dy/dx = 4 [dy/dx = 2x + 2/x3, at x = 1, dy/dx = 2 + 2 = 4]

3. Given that y = 4x3 – 5/x2, find dy/dx at x = -1

ANSWER: dy/dx = 2 [dy/dx = 12x2 + 10/x3, at x = -1, dy/dx = 12 – 10 = 2 ]

Simplify

1. (x2 – 4y2) /(x2 + 4xy + 4y2)

[(x – 2y)(x + 2y)/(x + 2y)2 = (x – 2y)/(x + 2y)]
ANSWER : (x – 2y)/(x + 2y)

1. (9x2 – y2)/( 9x2 – 6xy + y2)

[(3x – y)(3x + y)/((3x – y)2 = (3x + y)/(3x – y)]
ANSWER : (3x + y)/(3x – y)

2. (9x2 + 12xy + 4y2)/(9x2 – 4y2)

[(3x + 2y)2 /(3x – 2y)(3x + 2y) = (3x + 2y)/(3x – 2y)]
ANSWER : (3x + 2y)/(3x – 2y)

Find y in terms of x given that

1. dy/dx = 3x2 + 2x, and y = 3 for x = 1

ANSWER: y = x3 + x2 + 1
[y = x3 + x2 + C, 3 = 1 + 1 + C, C = 1, y = x3 + x2 + 1]

2. dy/dx = 1/x2 + 1, and y = 0 for x = 1

ANSWER: y = -1/x + x
[y = -1/x + x + C, 0 = -1 + 1 + C, C = 0, y = -1/x + x]

3. dy/dx = 4x3 – 3x2, and y = 2 for x = 1.

ANSWER: y = x4 – x3 + 2
[y = x4 – x3 + C, 2 = 1 – 1 + C, C = 2, y = x4 – x3 + 2]

Express y as a function of x given that

1. dy/dx = 2x + 2, and y = 4 when x = 2

ANSWER: y = x2 + 2x - 4 [ y = x2 + 2x + C, 4 = 4 + 4 + C, C = -4]
2. dy/dx = 3x2 – 4x3, and y = -8 when x = 2
ANSWER: y = x3 – x4 [ y = x3 – x4 + C, -8 = 8 – 16 + C, C = 0, y = x3 – x4]

3. dy/dx = 2 – 2/x2, and y = 0 for x = 1.

ANSWER: y = 2x + 2/x - 4
[y = 2x + 2/x + C, 0 = 2 + 2 + C, C = -4, y = 2x + 2/x – 4]

Find an expression for dy/dx for the given implicit curve:

1. x2 + 2xy + 3y2 = 10
ANSWER: dy/dx = -(x + y)/(x + 3y)
[2x + 2(x(dy/dx) + y) + 6y(dy/dx) = 0, dy/dx(2x + 6y) = -(2x + 2y), dy/dx = -(x +
y)/(x + 3y)]

2. 2x2 + xy + y2 = 15
ANSWER: dy/dx = -(4x + y)/(x + 2y)
[4x + y + xdy/dx + 2ydy/dx = 0, dy/dx(x + 2y) = -(4x + y), dy/dx = -(4x + y)/(x +
2y)]

3. x2 - xy – y2 = 20
ANSWER: dy/dx = (2x – y)/(x + 2y)
[ 2x –x(dy/dx) – y – 2y(dy/dx) = 0, 2x – y = (dy/dx)(x + 2y), dy/dx = (2x – y)/(x +
2y)]

1. Find two numbers whose sum is 100 and whose product is a maximum
ANSWER: 50 and 50
[x + y = 100, P = xy = x(100 – x) = 100x – x2, dP/dx = 100 – 2x = 0 and x = 50
and y = 50]
2. Find two positive numbers whose product is 100 and whose sum is a minimum.
ANSWER: 10 and 10
[xy = 100,S =x + y = x + 100/x, dS/dx = 1 – 100/x2, x =10 and y = 100/10 = 10]

3. Find two numbers whose difference is 100 and whose product is a minimum.
ANSWER: 50 and -50
[x – y = 100, P = xy = x(x – 100), dP/dx = 2x – 100, x = 50 and y = -100 + 50 = -
50]
A particle moves on a straight line such that its displacement from an initial point
O at time
t seconds is given by s(t) = (20t + 5t2) metres.

1. Find the speed at time t seconds

ANSWER: (20 + 10t) m/s [ v = ds/dt = (20 + 10t) m/s]

2. Find the acceleration at time t seconds

ANSWER: 10 m/s2 [ a = dv/dt = 10 m/s2]

3. Find the displacement from O after 5 seconds.

ANSWER: 225 m [s(5) - s(0) = 20(5) + 5(25) - 0 = 100 + 125 = 225 m]

Differentiate the expression with respect to x:

1. y = (2x2 + x)10
ANSWER: dy/dx = 10(4x + 1)(2x2 + x)9

2. y = (x3 – 3x)15
ANSWER : dy/dx = 15(3x2 – 3)(x3 – 3x)14

3. y = (x4 – x3)21
ANSWER : dy/dx = 21(4x3 – 3x2)(x4 – x3)20

Find the equation of the tangent to the given curve at the point with given
x –value.

1 y = x2 – 3x + 1 at x = 1
ANSWER: y = -x
[dy/dx = 2x – 3, at x = 1, m = -1, y = -1, y + 1 = -(x – 1), y = -x ]

2 y = 2x2 - 3x + 1 at x = 1
ANSWER: y = x - 1
[dy/dx = 4x – 3, at x = 1, m = 1, y = 0, y = x – 1]

3 y = 3x2 – 5x + 3 at x = 1
ANSWER: y = x
[dy/dx = 6x – 5, at x = 1, m = 1, y = 1, y - 1 = x – 1, y = x]
Use implicit differentiation to find dy/dx given

1. 2x + y2 = 5
ANSWER: dy/dx = -1/y
[ 2 + 2y(dy/dx) = 0, dy/dx = -1/y]

2. x2 - y 2 = 1
ANSWER: dy/dx = x/y
[2x – 2y(dy/dx) = 0, dy/dx = x/y]

3. x3 + y2 = 8
ANSWER : dy/dx = - 3x2/2y
[3x2 + 2y(dy/dx) = 0, dy/dx = -3x2/2y]

Find the x-coordinate of the point(s) at which the tangent to the given curve is
horizontal.

1 y = x3 – 3x + 1
ANSWER: x = ± 1
[dy/dx = 3x2 – 3 = 0, x2 = 1, x = ±1]

2 y = x2 – 4x + 5
ANSWER: x = 2
[dy/dx = 2x – 4 = 0, x = 2]

3 y = x3 + 3x2 + 1
ANSWER: x = 0, or x = - 2
[dy/dx = 3x2 + 6x = 0, 3x(x + 2) = 0, x = 0 or x = -2]

Evaluate the limit

1
ANSWER: 0
[4 – 6 + 2 = 0]

2
ANSWER: 9
[9 – 9 + 9 = 9]
3
ANSWER: -5
[4 – 4 – 5 = -5]

Find the derivative of the given function

1 y = x2 – x-2 + 8
ANSWER: dy/dx = 2x + 2x-3

2 y = 5x2 - 10x + 9
ANSWER: dy/dx = 10x – 10

3 y = ½ x4 – (1/3)x3 + 5x2
ANSWER: dy/dx = 2x3 – x2 + 10x

A curve is defined by the equation y = 3x 2 – 2x3. Find the coordinates of the

point(s) at which

1 the curve crosses the x-axis,

ANSWER: (0, 0) and (3/2, 0)
[for y = 0, x2(3 – 2x) = 0, x = 0, x = 3/2]

2 the tangent to the curve is horizontal.

ANSWER: (0, 0), (1, 1)
[ dy/dx = 6x – 6x2 = 0, x = 0,1 with y = 0, 1, (0, 0) and (1, 1)]

3 there is a point of inflexion

ANSWER : (1/2, 1/2)
[ dy/dx = 6x – 6x2, d2y/dx2 = 6 – 12x = 0, x = ½, y = ¾ - 2/8 = ½]

Evaluate the given limit

1 [(x – 1)/(x – 1)(x + 3) = 1/(x + 3) → 1/(1+3) = ¼]

ANSWER: ¼
2 [(x + 2)(x + 1)/(x + 2) = (x + 1) → (-2 + 1) = -1]
ANSWER: -1

3 [(x – 2)/(x – 2)(x – 1) = 1/(x – 1) →1/(2 – 1) = 1]

ANSWER: 1

Differentiate the function with respect to x

1 y = 5x4 – 3x3  + 5x
ANSWER: dy/dx = 20x3 – 9x2 + 5

2 y = 4x3 + 3/x4
ANSWER: dy/dx = 12x2 – 12/x5

3 y = 5x5 – 5/x5
ANSWER: dy/dx = 25x4 + 25/x6

Differentiate the given function with respect to x

1 y = (2x + 3)5
ANSWER: dy/dx = 10(2x + 3)4 [ dy/dx = 5(2)(2x + 3)4 = 10(2x + 3)4]

2 y = (7x – 3)3
ANSWER: dy/dx = 21(7x – 3)2 [ dy/dx = 3(7)(7x – 3)2 = 21(7x – 3)2]

3 y = (10x + 5)10
ANSWER: dy/dx = 100(10x + 5)9 [ dy/dx = 10(10)(10x + 5)9 = 100(10x + 5)9

Differentiate the quotient

1 y = (x + 1)/(x – 2)
ANSWER: dy/dx = -3/(x – 2)2
[dy/dx = [(x – 2) – (x + 1)]/(x – 2)2 = -3/(x – 2)2]

2 y = (2x + 1)/x
ANSWER: dy/dx = -1/x2 [y = 2 + 1/x, dy/dx = -1/x2]
3 y = x/(2x + 1)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 1/(2x + 1)2
[ dy/dx = ((2x + 1) - 2x)/(2x + 1)2 = 1/(2x + 1)2]

Find the derivative of the given function

1 y = (1 – 3x)7
ANSWER: dy/dx = -21(1 – 3x)6

2 y = (1 +3x)-5
ANSWER: dy/dx = -15(1 + 3x)-6

3 y = (x2 + 1)10
ANSWER: y = 20x(x2 + 1)9

Find dy/dx from the given equation

1 y = x(x2 – 3)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 3x2 – 3 [y = x3 – 3x, dy/dx = 3x2 – 3]

2 y = x2 (x -1 + x -2)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 1 [ y = x + 1, dy/dx = 1]

3 y = x2 –x -2
ANSWER: dy/dx = 2x +2x-3

Evaluate the limit

1
ANSWER: 3 [ ]

ANSWER: 1 [ ]
3
ANSWER: 1 [ (8 – 12 + 5 = 13 – 12 = 1]

Find two integers x and y such that their product is a maximum given that

1 x + y = 110
[y = 110 – x, P = x(110 – x) = 110x – x2, dP/dx = 110 – 2x = 0, x = 55, y = 55]
ANSWER: x = 55, y = 55

2 y + 2x = 24
[ y = 24 – 2x, P = xy = x(24 – 2x), dP/dx = 24 – 4x = 0, x = 6, y = 24 – 2(6) = 12]
ANSWER: x = 6, y = 12

3 y + 3x = 42
[y = 42 – 3x, P = xy = x(42 – 3x) , dP/dx = 42 – 6x = 0, x = 7, y = 42 – 3(7) = 21]
ANSWER: x = 7 and y = 21

Differentiate the given function using the chain rule

1 y = (x2 + 2x)5
ANSWER: dy/dx = 10(x + 1)(x2 + 2x)4
[dy/dx = 5(x2 + 2x)4(2x + 2) = 10(x + 1)(x2 + 2x)4]

2 y = (3x – x2)7
ANSWER: dy/dx = 7(3 – 2x)(3x – x2)6
[dy/dx = 7(3x – x2)6(3 – 2x) = 7(3 – 2x)(3x – x2)6 ]

3 y = (x + 1/x)5
ANSWER: dy/dx = 5(1 – 1/x2)(x + 1/x)4 [dy/dx = 5(x + 1/x)4(1 – 1/x2)]

Differentiate implicitly to find dy/dx from the given equation

1 x2 + xy – y2 = 10
ANSWER: dy/dx = (2x + y)/(2y – x)
[ 2x + y + xdy/dx – 2ydy/dx = 0, (dy/dx)(2y - x) = (2x + y)]

2 x2 – xy + 2y = 12
ANSWER: dy/dx = (2x – y)/(x – 2)
[2x – (xdy/dx + y) + 2dy/dx = 0, (dy/dx)(x – 2) = (2x – y) ]

3 3x + 2xy + y2 = 8
ANSWER: dy/dx = -(3 + 2y)/(2x + 2y)
[3 + 2(xdy/dx + y) + 2ydy/dx = 0, dy/dx(2x + 2y) = -(3 + 2y)]

Evaluate the limit

1 [ = 1/12]
ANSWER : 1/12

2 [ ]
ANSWER: 10

3 [ ]
ANSWER: 1

Find the coordinates of the point of inflexion of the given function

1. y = x3 + 8x + 7
ANSWER: (0, 7)
[dy/dx = 3x2 + 8, d2y/dx2 = 6x = 0, hence x = 0 and y = 7]

2. y = 2x3 – 6x2 + 5
ANSWER: (1, 1)
[dy/dx = 6x2 – 12x, d2y/dx2 = 12x – 12 = 0, x = 1, y = 2 – 6 + 5 = 1]

3. y = 3x3 + 6x + 3
ANSWER: (0, 3)
[dy/dx = 9x2+ 6, d2y/dx2 = 18x = 0, x = 0, y = 3 ]

Differentiate the expression with respect to x.

1. y = 3x4 – 5x2 + 6
dy 3
ANSWER: dx =12 x −10 x
 2. y = 5x3 – 7x + 8
dy 2
ANSWER: dx =15 x −7

3. y = 7x5 – 8x3 +6x

dy 4 2
ANSWER: dx =35 x −24 x +6

Differentiate with respect to x

1. y = (2x + 1)10
dy 9
ANSWER: dx =20 ( 2 x +1 )

2. y = (3 – 2x)7
dy 6
ANSWER: dx =−14 ( 3−2 x )

3. y = (5x - 3)4
ANSWER: dy /dx=20 ( 5 x−3 )3

Differentiate the expression with respect to x

1 y = x3 – 3x2 + 4x – 1

ANSWER

2 y = 4x4 + 3x3 + 7x + 7

ANSWER:

3 y = 2x7 + 5x5 -3x2 + 10

ANSWER:

Differentiate the expression:

1
[ dy/dx = 3(5)(3x + 5)4]
ANSWER: dy/dx = 15

2
[dy/dx =3(2x-2)(x2 – 2x)2 =6(x – 1)(x2 – 2x)2
ANSWER: dy/dx = 6(x – 1)(x2 – 2x)2

4 y = (7 – 3x)
[dy/dx = 7(-3)(7 – 3x)6 = -21(7 – 3x)6
ANSWER: dy/dx = -21(7 – 3x)

Evaluate the limit

ANSWER: 7/6 [ ]

ANSWER: [ ]

ANSWER: [

Differentiate the function with respect to x:

ANSWER:
2

ANSWER:

ANSWER:

State the given rule for differentiation

1 Quotient Rule

ANSWER:

2 Product rule

ANSWER:

3 Chain Rule

ANSWER:

Find the limit

ANSWER: 6 [ ]

2 [ ]
ANSWER: 1/10
3 [ ]
ANSWER: 5

Find the x-xalues of the stationary points of the given function

1 y = x3 – 3x2 – 24x + 4
ANSWER: x = 4, -2
[ dy/dx = 3x2 – 6x – 24 = 0, x2 – 2x – 8 = 0, (x – 4)(x + 2) = 0, x = 4, -2 ]

2 y = 2x3/3 – x2 - 12x + 2
ANSWER: x = 3, -2
[ dy/dx = 2x2 – 2x – 12 = 0, x2 – x – 6 = 0, (x – 3)(x + 2) = 0, x = 3, -2]
3 y = 4x3/3 – 21x2/2+ 5x + 3
ANSWER: x = 5, ¼
[ dy/dx = 4x2 – 21x + 5 = 0, (4x – 1)(x – 5) = 0, x = 5, ¼ ]

Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = f(x) at the point on the curve with
the given x – value

1 y = x3 – 3x + 3 , with x = 1
ANSWER: y = 1
[dy/dx = 3x2 – 3, at x = 1, m = 3 – 3 = 0, y = 1 – 3 + 3 = 1, y = 1]

2 y = 3x2 – 5x + 3, with x = 1
ANSWER: y = x
[dy/dx = 6x – 5 , at x = 1 m = 6 – 5 = 1, y = 3 – 5 + 3 = 1, hence y – 1 = 1(x – 1), y
= x]

3 , with x = 1
ANSWER: y = -x + 4
[dy/dx = 1 - 2/x2, at x = 1, m = 1 - 2 = -1, y = 1 + 2 = 3, hence (y -3) =-1(x – 1), y =
-x+4.

Differentiate the quotient with respect to x;

ANSWER: [ ]

ANSWER: [ ]

ANSWER: [ ]
x +4]

The radius of a solid metal sphere is increasing at the rate of 0.01 cm/second on
heating.

1 Find the rate of change of the volume V when the radius is 10 cm. (Leave
answer in )
ANSWER: , [

2 Find the rate of change of the surface area A when the radius is 10 cm.
ANSWER: , [

3 Find the rate of change of volume V when the radius is 20 cm.

ANSWER: , [
]

Differentiate the given function with respect to x

 41.y = 5x4 – 6x2 – 10
dy
ANSWER: dx = 20x3 – 12x

42.y = 3x -3 + 5x2 -7x + 8

dy
ANSWER: dx = -9x-4 + 10x – 7

43.y = 5x3 – 6/x3

dy
ANSWER: dx
= 15x2 + 18x-4

Differentiate the given function with respect to x

41.y = 3x3 + 2x2 – x + 3
dy
ANSWER: dx = 9x2 + 4x – 1

42.y = x2 – x-3
dy
ANSWER: dx 2x + 3x-4

43.y = (x – 3)2
dy
ANSWER: dx = 2(x – 3) = 2x – 6

Find the stationary points of the given curve

172. y = x3 – 3x2 + 6
ANSWER: (0, 6) and (2, 2)
dy
[ dx = 3x2 - 6x = 0, 3x(x – 2) = 0, hence x = 0, x = 2
For x = 0, y = 6 and for x = 2 y = 8 – 12 + 6 = 2, points are (0, 6) and (2, 2)
]

173. y = 3x – x3
ANSWER: (1, 2) and (-1, -2)
dy
[ dx = 3 – 3x2 =0, hence x2 = 1, and x = 1, x = -1
For x = 1, y = 3 – 1 = 2, and for x = -1, y = -3 + 1= -2, points are (1, 2) and (-1, -2)

174. y = x + 1/x
ANSWER: (1, 2) and (-1, -2)
 dy
[ dx = 1 – 1/x2 = 0, x2 = 1 and x = 1, x = -1, For x = 1, y = 1 + 1 = 2, and for x = 1, y
= -1 + -1 = -2, points are (1, 2) and (-1, -2)]

Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y= f(x) at the point on the curve
with given x-value.
172. y = x3 – 3x2 at x = 2
ANSWER: y = -4,
dy
[ dx = 3x2 – 6x, at x = 2, m = 12 – 12 = 0, and y = 8 – 12 = -4, hence equation of
tangent is (y + 4) = 0(x – 2), or y = -4 ]

173. y = x – 1/x at x = -1
ANSWER: y = 2x + 2
dy
[ dx = 1 + 1/x2,at x = -1, m = 1 + 1 = 2, y = -1+ 1= 0, hence equation of tangent is
y = 2(x + 1)]

174. y = x2 – 3x
ANSWER: y = -x – 1
dy
[ dx = 2x – 3, at x = 1, m = 2 – 3 = -1, and y = 1 – 3 = -2, hence equation of
tangent is (y + 2) = - (x – 1) or y = -x – 1 ]

Evaluate the limit

 x2  4 
Lim  
172.
x2
 x2 
 x2  4 
Lim    Lim  x  2)  2  2  4 
x 2
 x  2  x 2
ANSWER: 4 [
 x2  9 
Lim  
173.
x 3
 x3 
 x2  9 
Lim    Lim  x  3  3  3  6
x 3
 x  3  x3
ANSWER: -6 [ ]
 x2  4x  3 
Lim  
x 1
 x 1 
174.
 x2  4x  3 
Lim    Lim( x  3)  1  3  2
x 1
 x  1  x 1
ANSWER: -2 [ ]
 172. The product of two positive numbers is 100. Find the minimum possible
sum of the numbers.
ANSWER: 20
[ xy = 100, S = x + y , S = x + 100/x, dS/dx = 1 – 100/x2 = 0, x2 = 100, x = 10, y =
10, S = 20 ]

173. The sum of two numbers is 10. Find their maximum possible product.
ANSWER: 25
[x + y = 10, y = 10 – x, P = xy = x(x – 10), dP/dx = 2x – 10 = 0, x = 5, y = 5 and
P = 25]

174. Given that y = x2 + 16/x, find the maximum or minimum value of y

ANSWER: 12 minimum
dy
[ dx = 2x – 16/x2 = 0. x3 = 8, and x = 2. d2y/dx2 = 2 + 3/x2, at x = 2, d2y/dx2 > 0, a
minimum and y = 4 + 16/2 = 4 + 8 = 12 ]

Differentiate the expression with respect to x.

172. (2x – 7)10
ANSWER: 20(2x – 7)9
dy
[Let y = (2x – 7)10, dx = 10(2x – 7)9 2 = 20(2x – 7)9 (Chain rule) ]

173. (4x + 5)-8

ANSWER: -32(4x + 5)-9
dy
[Let y = (4x + 5)-8, dx = -8(4x + 5)-9 4 = -32(4x + 5)-9 (Chain rule) ]

174. (8 – 5x)12
ANSWER: -60(8 – 5x)11
dy
[ let y = (8 – 5x)12, dx = 12(-5)(8 – 5x)11 = -60(8 – 5x)11 ]

Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = f(x) at the point on the curve
with the given x- value
 172. y = 2x3 – 3x2 + 4x – 3, at x = 1
ANSWER: y = 4x - 4,
dy
[ dx = 6x2 – 6x + 4. At x = 1, m = 6 – 6 + 4, y = 2 – 3 + 4 – 3 = 0, y - 0 = 4(x – 1)]

173. y = x3 – 6x + 3, at x = 1
ANSWER: y = -3x + 2
dy
[ dx = 3x2 – 6, at x = 1 m = 3 – 6 = -3, y = 1 – 6 + 3 = -2, (y + 2) = -3(x – 1)]

174. y = x + 2/x, at x = 1
ANSWER: y = -x + 4
dy
[ dx = 1- 2/x2 at x= -1, m = 1 – 2 = -1, y = 3, hence y – 3 = -1(x – 1), y = -x + 4]

Differentiate the expression with respect to x:

1. y = x2sin2x
dy
[ dx = 2xsin2x + x2(2cos2x) product rule ]
ANSWER: dy/dx = 2xsin2x + 2x2cos2x

2. y = sinx/x2
dy
[ dx = cosx/x2 – 2sinx/x3 product or quotient rule]
ANSWER: dy/dx = (cosx)/x2 – (2sinx)/x3 ]

3. y = (x + sinx)4
dy
[ dx = 4(1 + cosx)(x + sinx)3 chain rule ]
ANSWER: dy/dx = 4(1 + cosx)(x + sinx)4
 Find the gradient m, and the equation of the tangent to the circle at the given
point
2 2
4. x  y  4 x  2 y  20 at (-1, 3)
ANSWER: m = 0.75, 4y = 3x +15
dy dy dy
[ 2x + 2y dx – 4 + 2 dx = 0, dx = (4 - 2x)/(2y + 2), m = 6/8

Equation of tangent y – 3 =( ¾)(x + 1), y = 3x/4 + 15/4]

2 2
5. x  y  6 x  10 y  9  0 at (1, 2)
ANSWER: m = 4/3, 3y = 4x + 2
dy dy dy
[2x + 2y dx + 6 – 10 dx =0, dx = (2x+6)/(10-2y), m = 8/6 = 4/3

Equation of tangent, y – 2 = (4/3) (x – 1), y = 4 x/3 + 2/3]

2 2
6. x  y  6 x  8 y  0 at (0, 0)
ANSWER: m = 0.75, 4y = 3x
dy dy dy
[2x + 2y dx – 6 + 8 dx = 0, dx = (6−¿2x)/(8 + 2y), m = 6/8, Equation of tangent, y
= 3x/4]
7. A particle moving on a straight line has acceleration a(t) = (2t – 5) m/s2 at time t
seconds. Initially the speed is 10m/s. Find the speed at time t.
ANSWER: v(t) = (t2 - 5t + 10) m/s

 (2t  5)dt  t
2
 5t  C
[ dv/dt = 2t – 5, v = , v(0) = 10, and C = 10 ]

8. A particle moving on a straight line has velocity v(t) = (3t2 + 2t)m/s at time t
seconds. Find the displacement from the origin at time t if initially it is at the
origin.
ANSWER: s(t) = (t3 + t2)m

 (3t
2
 2t )dt  t 3  t 2  C
[ ds/dt = 3t + 2t, s(t) =
2
, s(t) = 0 hence C = 0]
 9. A particle moving on a straight line has a displacement s(t) = (5t2 + 3t)m at time t
seconds. Find the acceleration at time t seconds
ANSWER: a(t) = 10 m/s2 [v = ds/dt = 10t + 3, a(t) = dv/dt = 10 ]

10.The sum of two numbers is 26. Find the maximum possible product of the
numbers.
ANSWER: 169
[x + y = 26, P = xy = x(26 – x), dP/dx = 26 – 2x = 0,x = 13 and y = 13, P =
13 ] 2

11. The product of two numbers is 256. Find the maximum possible sum of the
numbers.
ANSWER: 32
[xy = 256, S = x + y = x + 256/x, dS/dx = 1 – 256/x2 = 0, x2 = 256, x = 16,
y = 16 and S = 32]

12. The product of two numbers is 50. Find the maximum possible sum of the
numbers.
ANSWER: 10 2

[ xy = 50, S = x + y = x + 50/x, dS/dx = 1-50/x2= 0, x2 = 50, x = 5 2, y= 5 2 ,S =

10 2 ]

Riddle
1. We are a pair of points.
2. One of us is at the top of the mountain and the other is at bottom of the valley.
3. We are said to be stationary.
4. we can be found on curves.
5. The tangent to a curve at any of us is horizontal.
6. At us the gradient simply vanishes.
WHO ARE WE?
 ANSWER: MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM POINTS.

Riddle
1. We are always at the crossroads
2. We are a pair on lines like Tom and Jerry and like fraternal twins, we always go
together.
3. The angle between us is always the right kind of angle.
4. We are associated with points on a curve.
5. While one just touches the curve, the other cuts right across the curve
6. Our slopes are found by differentiating the equation of the curve.
7. The product of our slopes is -1.
WHO ARE WE?
ANSWER: TANGENT AND NORMAL

Riddle
1. I am a point on a curve.
2. At me everything seems to come to a sudden stop as the function is neither
increasing nor decreasing.
3. I am sometimes at the top of the hill or sometimes at the bottom of the valley.
4. I am often considered as a turning point as the curve actually turns at me.
5. Tangents are horizontal at me.
6. I am definitely not a point of inflexion.

WHO AM I?
ANSWER: STATIONARY POINT
Riddle
1. I am much associated with circles, curves and also angles.
2. I am simply a line.
3. For a given curve, my gradient is obtained by differentiation.
4. For a circle, a radius is always perpendicular to me at the point of contact.
5. I simply touch a circle or a curve at a single point.
6. I am also a trigonometric ratio.
WHO AM I?
ANSWER: Tangent

ROUND 4: RIDDLE

My name suggests I sort things out.

I am a process for obtaining slopes of tangents to a curve.
I lower exponents of powers of x.
I turn sine into cosine and cosine into sine
Integration is a first cousin
Who am I?

ANSWER: DIFFERENTIATION

ROUND 2: SPEED RACE (CONTEST 9)

1 Find the coordinates of the intercepts of the curve x2/9 – y2/16 = 1 on the axes.
ANSWER: (3, 0), (-3, 0)
[y = 0, x2/9 = 1, x2 = 9, x = ± 3, intercepts are (3, 0) and (-3, 0,), no y-intercepts]

3 Differentiate the function y = (2x3 – 3x2)4

ANSWER: dy/dx = 24(x2 – x)(2x3 – 3x2)3
[dy/dx = 4(6x2 – 6x)(2x3 – 3x2)3 = 24(x2 – x)(2x3 – 3x2)3]

2 Find the stationary point of the function y = (x – 2)2 + 1 and state whether a
maximum or a minimum.
ANSWER: (2, 1) minimum

2 Differentiate y = 5x2 – 4/x2

ANSWER: dy/dx = 10x + 8/x3

1 Find the coordinates of the point on the curve y = 1/x2 at which the gradient
is ¼.
ANSWER: (-2, ¼)
[dy/dx = -2/x3 = ¼, x3 = -8, x = -2, y = ¼, hence (-2, ¼)]
2 Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = x2 – 3x + 2 at the point on the
curve at which x = 2
ANSWER: y = x - 2
[dy/dx = 2x – 3, m = 4 – 3 = 1, y = 4 – 6 + 2 = 0, y = 1(x – 2), y = x – 2]

1 Evaluate the limit

ANSWER: -8
[ (x2 – 16)/(x + 4) = (x – 4)(x + 4)/(x + 4) = x – 4, Limit = -4 – 4 = -8]

2 Evaluate the limit

ANSWER: -2
[ (x + 1)(x – 1)/(x + 1) = x - 1, limit = -1 - 1 = -2]

2 Evaluate the limit

ANSWER: -8
[(x2 – 16)/(x + 4) = (x – 4), ]

2 Differentiate y = (x2 - 3x)-7

ANSWER: dy/dx = -7(2x - 3)(x2 - 3x)-8

2 Differentiate with respect to x the function y = (3x2 - 2x)8

ANSWER: dy/dx= 8(6x – 2)(3x2 – 2x)7 or 16(3x – 1)(3x2 – 2x)7

2 Evaluate the limit

ANSWER: -8
[(x + 5)(x – 3)/(x + 5) = (x – 3), ]

2. Given x2 + xy – y2 = 10, find dy/dx

ANSWER: dy/dx = (2x + y)/(2y –x)
[2x + y + xdy/dx – 2ydy/dx = 0, (2y – x)dy/dx = 2x + y, dy/dx = (2x + y)/(2y – x)]

3. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = x2- 2x + 3 at the point where the
tangent is horizontal.
ANSWER: y = 2 [dy/dx = 2x - 2 = 0, x = 1 and y = 1 – 2 + 3 = 2]

3. Differentiate the function y = (2 – x)/(x + 2)

ANSWER: dy/dx = -4/(x + 2)2 [ dy/dx = ((-1(x + 2) – 1(2 – x))/(x + 2)2 = -4/(x +
2)2]

3. Given y = 2x2 – 3/x, evaluate dy/dx at x = 1

ANSWER: dy/dx = 7 [dy/dx = 4x + 3/x2, at x = 1, dy/dx = 4 + 3 = 7]

1. Find the derivative of the function y = 2x4 – 3x2 + 5

ANSWER: dy/dx = 8x3 – 6x

3 Find the derivative of the function y = (x3 + 3x)/x

ANSWER: dy/dx = 2x [ y = x2 + 3, dy/dx = 2x]

3 Differentiate the function y = 4x2 – 2x-2 with respect to x

ANSWER: dy/dx = 8x + 4x-3

3 Find the limit

ANSWER: ½
[(x – 1) /(x2 – 1) = 1/(x + 1), Lim = 1/(1 + 1) = ½ ]
1 Differentiate the function y = 5x3 – 3x2 + 10x – 7 with respect to x.
ANSWER: dy/dx = 15x2 – 6x + 10

3 Find the derivative of the function y = 3x2 – 6x + 5

ANSWER: (dy/dx) = 6x – 6
1 Evaluate
ANSWER: 2 [4 – 6 + 4 = 8 – 6 = 2]

2 Differentiate the expression y = 3x4 – 7x2 + 8

ANSWER : (dy/dx) = 12x3 – 14x

ROUND 4B: TRUE OR FALSE (CONTEST 15)

1 If a function has a limit at a point, then it is continuous at the point.

ANSWER: FALSE

2 If a function is continuous at a point, then it has a limit at the point.

ANSWER: TRUE

3 If a function has a value at a point, then it has a limit at the point.

ANSWER: FALSE

ROUND 4B : TRUE OR FALSE

1. For a quadratic curve, the vertex is a turning point.

ANSWER: TRUE

2. For a quadratic curve, the vertex is always a maximum point.

ANSWER: FALSE

3. For the quadratic curve y = 4 – x2, the vertex is a maximum point.

ANSWER: TRUE

ROUND 4A: TRUE OR FALSE

1 The function y = 2x + 3 has a stationary point.

ANSWER: FALSE

2 The function y = x2 has a maximum point.

ANSWER: FALSE

3 The function y = x3 has a minimum point.

ANSWER: FALSE

ROUND 4B: TRUE OR FALSE (CONTEST 24)

1 At a turning point, the derivative is always zero

ANSWER: FALSE

2 A function is increasing whenever the derivative is non-negative

ANSWER: FALSE

3 At a point of inflexion, the gradient is always zero.

ANSWER: FALSE

ROUND 4A : TRUE OR FALSE

1 For any function f(x),

ANSWER: FALSE

2
ANSWER: TRUE

3 For a polynomial function f(x),

ANSWER: TRUE
ROUND 4B: TRUE OR FALSE

1 At a turning point, dy/dx = 0

ANSWER: FALSE

2 A stationary point is a turning point

ANSWER: TRUE

3 A point of inflexion is a stationary point.

ANSWER: FALSE

ROUND 3: TRUE OR FALSE

1 For a constant function, the derivative is zero.

ANSWER: TRUE

2 If at a point on a curve the derivative vanishes, then the point is a maximum

point
ANSWER: FALSE

3 A point on a curve at which the derivative is zero is a stationary point

ANSWER: TRUE

ROUND 3 - TRUE OR FALSE

dy
1. At a stationary point dx =0.
ANSWER: True

dy
2. At a point of inflexion dx =0
ANSWER: False

d2 y
3. If at a stationary point >0 , the point is a maximum point.
d x2
ANSWER: False [it is a minimum point]

ROUND 3 - TRUE OR FALSE

1. The derivative of a function at a point gives the slope of the tangent to the
curve at that point.
ANSWER: True

2. The derivative of a function is itself a function.

 ANSWER: True

3. When the derivative of a function is zero at a point, the point is a point of

inflexion.
ANSWER: False

ROUND 3 - TRUE OR FALSE

sinx
1. lim x =0
x →0

ANSWER: False

2. lim
x →0
cosx=1
ANSWER: True

3. lim
x →0
sinx=0
ANSWER: True

ROUND 3 - TRUE OR FALSE

1. A point of inflexion is a stationary point
ANSWER: False

2. At a maximum point, the second derivative is negative

ANSWER: True

3. A point of inflexion is a turning point

ANSWER: True

ROUND 3 - TRUE OR FALSE

1. At a minimum point, the tangent to the curve is parallel to the x-axis.

ANSWER: True

2. At a maximum point, the normal to the curve is parallel to the y-axis.

ANSWER: True
 3. At a point of inflexion, the tangent is parallel to the x-axis.
ANSWER: False
ROUND 3: TRUE OR FALSE
1. A quadratic function has either a maximum point or a minimum point but not
both
ANSWER: TRUE

2. A cubic function may have neither a maximum point nor a minimum point
ANSWER: TRUE

3. A point of inflexion is a stationary point

ANSWER: FALSE

ROUND 3 : TRUE OR FALSE

1 At a point of inflexion, the derivative is zero

ANSWER: FALSE

2 At a point on a curve where the tangent is parallel to the x-axis, the derivative is
zero.
ANSWER: TRUE

3 A function whose derivative is a constant is a linear function.

ANSWER: TRUE.

ROUND 3 : TRUE OR FALSE

1 A function y = f(x) is increasing if the second derivative is positive

ANSWER : FALSE [ when first derivative is positive]

2 A function has a turning point when the second derivative is zero

ANSWER: TRUE

3 A function has a maximum when the second derivative is negative

ANSWER: FALSE [In addition the first derivative must be zero ]
 1. The derivative of a quotient is the quotient of the derivatives
ANSWER: False
2. If two functions have the same derivative, their difference is a constant
ANSWER: True 3.
3. If the derivative of a function is a linear function, the function itself is a
quadratic.
ANSWER: True
4. Integration is the reverse of differentiation
ANSWER: TRUE

5. A function is increasing if its derivative is positive

ANSWER: TRUE

dy
6. A function has a point of inflexion when dx = 0
ANSWER: FALSE [ when d2y/dx2 = 0 ]

dy
7. A function has a maximum point when dx = 0 and d2y/dx2 < 0
ANSWER: TRUE

dy
8. A function has a stationary point when dx = 0
ANSWER: TRUE
ROUND 5: RIDDLE

1 My name suggests I sort out things.

2 At stationary points I yield zero.
3 I am used to derive.
4 I yield the gradient function.
5 I am the process for determining the gradient of the tangent to a curve.
Who am I?

ANSWER: DIFFERENTIATION

ROUND 5: RIDDLE

I am a line or a line segment.

I am perpendicular to the radius at the point of contact.
Two of me from an external point to a circle are congruent.
I meet a circle in exactly one point.
The angle formed by me and a chord is equal to any angle in the alternate segment.
Who am I?

ANSWER: TANGENT